Psilopogon

Genus of birds

Psilopogon

Fire-tufted barbet (Psilopogon pyrolophus)
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Chordata
Class:  | Aves
Order:  | Piciformes
Family:  | Megalaimidae
Genus:  | Psilopogon
Müller, S., 1836
Type species
Psilopogon pyrolophus

Müller, S.

Synonyms

Megalaima G. R. Gray, 1842

Psilopogon is a genus of Old World barbets that used to include only a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (P. pyrolophus). Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus is nested within an evolutionary branch consisting of Asian barbets that were formerly placed in the genus Megalaima proposed by George Robert Gray in 1841. Since Psilopogon was proposed by Salomon Müller already in 1835, this name takes priority.[1][2]

The name Psilopogon combines the Ancient Greek psilos meaning "bare" and pōgōn meaning "beard".[3]

## Taxonomy[edit]

The genus Psilopogon was introduced in 1836 by the German naturalist Salomon Müller to accommodate a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (Psilopogon pyrolophus), which is therefore the type species.[4][5]

In the 19th and 20th centuries, about 19 generic names were proposed for Asian barbet species in collections of natural history museums, including Megalaima by George Robert Gray in 1849 and Mezobucco by George Ernest Shelley in 1889.[6] Molecular phylogenetic research of Asian barbets revealed that the Megalaima species form a clade, which also includes the fire-tufted barbet. Barbets formerly placed in Megalaima were therefore reclassified under the genus Psilopogon, which now contains the following 33 species:[7]

As of February 2023, the list of birds maintained by Frank Gill, Pamela Rasmussen and David Donsker on behalf of the International Ornithological Committee (IOC) as well as the Clements Checklist of Birds of the World maintained by members of Cornell University both treat Psilopogon cyanotis as a subspecies of Psilopogon duvaucellii.[8][9] The taxon Psilopogon cyanotis was not included in the 2013 molecular phylogenetic study by Robert Jan den Tex and Jennifer Leonard.[1]

Genus Psilopogon – Müller, S., 1836 – thirty three species  Common name  | Scientific name and subspecies  | Range  | Size and ecology  | IUCN status and estimated population

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Fire-tufted barbet

| Psilopogon pyrolophus
S. Müller, 1836 | Peninsular Malaysia and Sumatra | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Coppersmith barbet

| Psilopogon haemacephalus
(Statius Müller, 1776[10])

Nine subspecies

* P. h. haemacephalus
* P. h. indicus
* P. h. roseus
* P. h. intermedia
* P. h. delicus
* P. h. mindanensis
* P. h. celestinoi
* P. h. cebuensis
* P. h. homochroa

| Pakistan to the Philippines and Indonesia  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

White-cheeked barbet

| Psilopogon viridis
(Boddaert, 1783[11]) | Western Ghats and adjoining hills
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Great barbet

| Psilopogon virens
(Boddaert, 1783[12])

Four subspecies

* P. v. virens
* P. v. marshallorum
* P. v. magnificus
* P. v. clamator

| northern India, Nepal and Bhutan, Bangladesh and some parts of Southeast Asia, as far east as Laos  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Brown-headed barbet

| Psilopogon zeylanicus
(Gmelin, 1788)

Three subspecies

* P. z. inornatus (Walden, 1870)
* P. z. caniceps (Franklin, 1831)
* P. z. zeylanicus (Gmelin, JF, 1788)

| Western Ghats and hilly parts of southern peninsular India  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Crimson-fronted barbet

| Psilopogon rubricapillus
Gmelin, 1788 | Sri Lanka  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Blue-throated barbet

| Psilopogon asiaticus
(Latham, 1790) | Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Lineated barbet

| Psilopogon lineatus
(Vieillot, 1816) | West Bengal and Bangladesh  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Yellow-fronted barbet

| Psilopogon flavifrons
(Cuvier, 1816) | Sri Lanka  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Black-banded barbet

| Psilopogon javensis
(Horsfield, 1821) | Java and Bali  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Yellow-eared barbet

| Psilopogon australis
(Horsfield, 1821) | Java and Bali  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Flame-fronted barbet

| Psilopogon armillaris
(Temminck, 1821) | Java and Bali  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Golden-whiskered barbet

| Psilopogon chrysopogon
(Temminck, 1824)

Three subspecies

* P. c. chrysopogon
* P. c. chrysopsis
* P. c. laetus

| Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Borneo and Sumatra  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Red-throated barbet

| Psilopogon mystacophanos
(Temminck, 1824) | Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, Brunei  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NT

Black-eared barbet

| Psilopogon duvaucelii
(Lesson, 1830)

Three subspecies

* P. d. duvaucelii
* P. d. gigantorhinus
* P. d. tanamassae

| Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Green-eared barbet

| Psilopogon faiostrictus
(Temminck, 1831) | southern China, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and Vietnam  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Brown-throated barbet

| Psilopogon corvinus
(Temminck, 1831) | western Java  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Yellow-crowned barbet

| Psilopogon henricii
(Temminck, 1831) | Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, and Thailand  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NT

Black-browed barbet

| Psilopogon oorti
(Müller, 1836) | Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Red-crowned barbet

| Psilopogon rafflesii
(Lesson, 1839) | Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Singapore, and Thailand  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  NT

Golden-throated barbet

| Psilopogon franklinii
(Edward Blyth, 1842[13])

Two subspecies

* P. f. franklinii
* P. f. ramsayi

| Nepal, India, Bhutan, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Laos, Vietnam and mainland China  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Blue-eared barbet

| Psilopogon cyanotis
(Blyth, 1847)

Three subspecies

* P. c. cyanotis
* P. c. orientalis
* P. c. stuarti (Robinson & Kloss, 1919)

| northeast India ‍and Bangladesh to peninsular Thailand  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Malabar barbet

| Psilopogon malabaricus
(Blyth, 1847) | Western Ghats from around Goa south to southern Kerala
| Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Taiwan barbet

| Psilopogon nuchalis
(Gould, 1863) | Taiwan  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Red-vented barbet

| Psilopogon lagrandieri
(Verreaux, 1868) | Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Chinese barbet

| Psilopogon faber
(R. Swinhoe, 1870) | southern China  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Moustached barbet

| Psilopogon incognitus
(Hume, 1874) | Myanmar, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Golden-naped barbet

| Psilopogon pulcherrimus
(Sharpe, 1888) | Indonesia and Malaysia  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Mountain barbet

| Psilopogon monticola
(Sharpe, 1889) | Borneo  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Bornean barbet

| Psilopogon eximius
(Sharpe, 1892) | Indonesia and Malaysia, Borneo  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Necklaced barbet

| Psilopogon auricularis
(Robinson & Kloss, 1919) | southern Laos and Vietnam  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Indochinese barbet

| Psilopogon annamensis
(Robinson & Kloss, 1919) | Laos, Vietnam and Cambodia  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

Turquoise-throated barbet

| Psilopogon chersonesus
(Chasen & Kloss, 1927) | Thailand  | Size:

Habitat:

Diet:  |  LC

### Phylogeny[edit]

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Coppersmith barbet

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|  |

Crimson-fronted barbet

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Malabar barbet

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|  |

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Yellow-eared barbet

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Black-eared barbet

Bornean barbet

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|  |

Great barbet

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Red-vented barbet

Fire-tufted barbet

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|  |

|  |

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Red-throated barbet

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Black-banded barbet

Red-crowned barbet

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Flame-fronted barbet

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Yellow-crowned barbet

Golden-naped barbet

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Green-eared barbet

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Lineated barbet

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Brown-headed barbet

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|  |

White-cheeked barbet

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Yellow-fronted barbet

|  |

|  |

Golden-throated barbet

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Necklaced barbet

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|  |

Brown-throated barbet

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|  |

Golden-whiskered barbet

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Golden-whiskered barbet

Mountain barbet

|  |

|  |

Taiwan barbet

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Chinese barbet

Moustached barbet

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Blue-throated barbet

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Indochinese barbet

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Turquoise-throated barbet

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Black-browed barbet

Relationship within the genus[1]

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c Den Tex, R.-J.; Leonard, J. A. (2013). "A molecular phylogeny of Asian barbets: Speciation and extinction in the tropics". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 68 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2013.03.004. PMID 23511217.
2. ^ Ericson, P. G. P. (2012). "Evolution of terrestrial birds in three continents: biogeography and parallel radiations". Journal of Biogeography. 39 (5): 813–824. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2699.2011.02650.x. S2CID 85599747.
3. ^ Jobling, James A. (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. p. 321\. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
4. ^ Müller, Salomon (1835). "Aanteekeningen over de natuurlijke gesteldheid van een gedeelte der westkust en binnenlanden van Sumatra, met bijvoeging van eenige waarnemingen en beschrijvingen van verscheid dieren". Tijdschrift voor Natuurlijke Geschiedenis en Physiologie (in Dutch). 2: 315–355 [339]. The title page is dated 1835 but the article was not published until 1836.
5. ^ Peters, James Lee, ed. (1948). Check-list of Birds of the World. Vol. 6\. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. p. 30.
6. ^ Ripley, S. D. (1945). "The barbets" (PDF). The Auk. 62 (4): 542–563. doi:10.2307/4079804. JSTOR 4079804.
7. ^ Moyle, R. G. (2004). "Phylogenetics of barbets (Aves: Piciformes) based on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 30 (1): 187–200. doi:10.1016/S1055-7903(03)00179-9. PMID 15022769.
8. ^ Gill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (January 2023). "Jacamars, puffbirds, toucans, barbets, honeyguides". IOC World Bird List Version 13.1. International Ornithologists' Union. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
9. ^ Clements, J.F.; Schulenberg, T.S.; Iliff, M.J.; Fredericks, T.A.; Gerbracht, J.A.; Lepage, D.; Billerman, S.M.; Sullivan, B.L.; Wood, C.L. (2022). "The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2022". Retrieved 10 December 2022.
10. ^ Statius Müller, P. L. (1776). "Der Blutskopf. Bucco haemacephalus". Des Ritters Carl von Linné Königlich Schwedischen Leibarztes &c. &c. vollständigen Natursystems. Supplements- und Register-Band über alle sechs Theile oder Classen des Thierreichs. Nürnberg: Gabriel Nicolaus Raspe. p. 88.
11. ^ Boddaert, P. (1783). "870. Barbu verd, Buff. XIII". Table des Planches Enluminées d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht. p. 53.
12. ^ Boddaert, P. (1783). "871. Le grand Barbu, Buff. XIII". Table des Planches Enluminées d'histoire naturelle de M. D'Aubenton : avec les denominations de M.M. de Buffon, Brisson, Edwards, Linnaeus et Latham, precedé d'une notice des principaux ouvrages zoologiques enluminés. Utrecht. p. 53.
13. ^ Blyth, E. (1842). "Notes on various Indian and Malayan birds". The Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal. 11 (1): 160–195.

* v
* t
* e

Genera of trogons, hornbills, kingfishers, woodpeckers and their extinct allies

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Chordata
* Class: Aves
* Infraclass: Neognathae
* Clade: Coraciimorphae
* Clade: Cavitaves

Cavitaves

| Leptosomiformes|

| Leptosomidae|

* Leptosomus
* †Plesiocathartes?
* †Waltonavis

|

Eucavitaves|

| Trogoniformes|

| Trogonidae|

* Apalharpactes
* Apaloderma
* †Eotrogon
* Euptilotis
* †Foshanornis
* Harpactes
* †Masillatrogon
* †Paratrogon
* Pharomachrus
* †Primotrogon
* Priotelus
* †Septentrogon
* Trogon

|

Picocoraciae|

| Bucerotiformes|

*     * See below ↓

|

Picodynastornithes|

| Coraciiformes|

*     * See below ↓

|

Piciformes|

*     * See below ↓

Bucerotiformes

Bucerotiformes

| †Laurillardiidae|

* Laurillardia

|

†Messelirrisoridae|

* Messelirrisor

Upupi|

| Phoeniculidae|

* †Phirriculus
* Phoeniculus
* Rhinopomastus

|

Upupidae|

* Upupa

Buceroti|

| Bucorvidae|

* Bucorvus
* †Euroceros

|

Bucerotidae|

* Aceros
* Anorrhinus
* Anthracoceros
* Berenicornis
* Buceros
* Bycanistes
* Ceratogymna
* Horizocerus
* Lophoceros
* Ocyceros
* Penelopides
* Rhabdotorrhinus
* Rhinoplax
* Rhyticeros
* Tockus

Coraciiformes

| incertae sedis|

* †Cryptornis
* †Paracoracias
* †Quasisyndactylus

|

†Eocoraciidae|

* Eocoracias

†Geranopteridae|

* Geranopterus

†Primobucconidae|

* Primobucco
* Septencoracias

Brachypteraciidae|

* Atelornis
* Brachypteracias
* Geobiastes
* Uratelornis

Coraciidae|

* †Chehuenia
* Coracias
* Eurystomus
* †Miocoracias

Meropidae|

* Meropogon
* Merops
* Nyctyornis

Alcedines|

| Alcedinidae|

| Alcedininae|

* Alcedo
* Ceyx
* Corythornis
* Ispidina

|

Cerylinae|

* Ceryle
* Chloroceryle
* Megaceryle

Halcyoninae|

* Actenoides
* Caridonax
* Cittura
* Clytoceyx
* Dacelo
* Halcyon
* Lacedo
* Melidora
* Pelargopsis
* Syma
* Tanysiptera
* Todiramphus

Momotidae|

* Aspatha
* Baryphthengus
* Electron
* Eumomota
* Hylomanes
* Momotus
* †Protornis?

Todidae|

* †Palaeotodus
* Todus

Piciformes

| incertae sedis|

* †"Homalopus"

|

†Gracilitarsidae|

* Gracilitarsus
* Neanis

†Sylphornithidae|

* Oligosylphe
* Palaegithalus?
* Sylphornis

Galbuli|

* †Jacamatia

Bucconidae|

* Bucco
* Chelidoptera
* Hapaloptila
* Hypnelus
* Malacoptila
* Micromonacha
* Monasa
* Nonnula
* Notharchus
* Nystalus

Galbulidae|

* Brachygalba
* Galbalcyrhynchus
* Galbula
* Jacamaralcyon
* Jacamerops

Pici|

| incertae sedis|

* †Rupelramphastoides

|

†Miopiconidae|

* Miopico

†Picavidae|

* Picavus

Ramphastides|

| Capitonidae|

* Capito
* †Capitonides
* Eubucco

|

Lybiidae|

* Buccanodon
* Cryptolybia
* Gymnobucco
* Lybius
* Pogoniulus
* Pogonornis
* Stactolaema
* Trachyphonus
* Tricholaema

Megalaimidae|

* Caloramphus
* Psilopogon

Ramphastidae|

* Andigena
* Aulacorhynchus
* Pteroglossus
* Ramphastos
* Selenidera

Semnornithidae|

* Semnornis

Picides|

| Indicatoridae|

* Indicator
* Melichneutes
* Melignomon
* Prodotiscus

|

Picidae|

*     * See below ↓

Picidae

| incertae sedis|

* †Bitumenpicus
* †Breacopus
* †Palaeonerpes
* †Palaeopicus
* †Piculoides

|

Jynginae|

* Jynx

Picumninae|

* Picumnus

Sasiinae|

* Sasia
* Verreauxia

Picinae|

* †Australopicus
* †Palaeonerpes
* †Pliopicus

Nesoctitini|

* Nesoctites

Hemicircini|

* Hemicircus

Picini|

* Campethera
* Celeus
* Chrysophlegma
* Colaptes
* Dinopium
* Dryocopus
* Gecinulus
* Geocolaptes
* Micropternus
* Meiglyptes
* Mulleripicus
* Pardipicus
* Piculus
* Picus

Campephilini|

* Blythipicus
* Campephilus
* Chrysocolaptes
* Reinwardtipicus

Melanerpini|

* Chloropicus
* Dendrocopos
* Dendrocoptes
* Dendropicos
* Dryobates
* Leiopicus
* Leuconotopicus
* Melanerpes
* Picoides
* Sphyrapicus
* Veniliornis
* Xiphidiopicus
* Yungipicus

Taxon identifiers

Psilopogon|

* Wikidata: Q10809413
* Wikispecies: Psilopogon
* BioLib: 23322
* BOLD: 91322
* CoL: 63QST
* GBIF: 2478743
* iNaturalist: 4886
* IRMNG: 1020000
* ITIS: 553543
* NCBI: 91776
* Open Tree of Life: 291642
* WoRMS: 1034728

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[†]: Extinct