Restorative dentistry

Management and rehabilitation of dental disease

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Restorative dentistry is the study, diagnosis and integrated management of diseases of the teeth and their supporting structures and the rehabilitation of the dentition to functional and aesthetic requirements of the individual. Restorative dentistry encompasses the dental specialties of endodontics, periodontics and prosthodontics and its foundation is based upon how these interact in cases requiring multifaceted care.[1] This may require the close input from other dental specialties such as orthodontics, paediatric dentistry and special care dentistry, as well as surgical specialties such as oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Restorative dentistry aims to treat the teeth and their supporting structures. Many conditions and their consequences may be assessed and treated by a restorative dentist. Environmental causes may include as caries or maxillofacial trauma. Developmental issues may lead to the restorative dentist treating hypodontia, amelogenesis imperfecta, dentogenesis imperfecta or cleft palate. Multifactorial conditions with an environmental and genetic basis such as periodontitis, would be treated by restorative dentistry.[2] Restorative dentists are part of the multidisciplinary team managing head and neck oncology cases, both before treatment and helping to rehabilitate the patient after surgery and/or radiotherapy.

In the UK, restorative dentistry is legally recognized as a specialty under EU directive and the General Dental Council and is represented by several specialist societies including the British Society for Restorative Dentistry and the Association of Consultants & Specialists in Restorative Dentistry.[3] Restorative dentistry specialty training in the UK lasts five years, and upon successful completion, the dentist may be appointed as a consultant in restorative dentistry.

## Restorative dental treatments

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Restorative dentistry combines the three dental monospecialties of endodontics, prosthodontics and periodontics. Restorative consultants work within dental hospital environments and receive referrals from other dental specialties and general dental practitioners. They may provide a treatment planning service or provide shared care with the referring dentist. Restorative dentists manage complex cases that would be difficult to manage in general dental practice that include, but are not limited to:

* Pre-radiotherapy head and neck oncology assessments
* Oral rehabilitation of patients after head and neck oncology treatment
* Provision of obturators for head and neck oncology and cleft palate patients
* Oral rehabilitation of hypodontia patients
* Oral rehabilitation of maxillofacial trauma patients
* Management of tooth wear cases
* Root canal therapy – both non-surgical and surgical
* Periodontal treatment – both non-surgical and surgical

## Common types of dental restorations

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### Dental crowns

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Dental crowns are tooth-colored restorations or metal restorations.[4] They replace the essential structures of a missing tooth caused by root canals, decay, or fractures.[5] Crowns also serve as full "caps" that restore normal tooth size, shape, and function.

### Dental fillings

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Dental fillings are often used to fill cavities or holes after root canal treatment.[6] They can also be used to restore worn teeth or fill gaps between teeth.[7] Fillings can be made of amalgam (a metal alloy) or materials such as composite resin and glass ionomer.[8][9]

### Sinus lift and bone grafting

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Occasionally, a dentist may recommend dental implants for a patient, but that patient does not have enough upper jaw bone to accommodate a dental implant. In this case, the dentist will recommend a sinus lift. A sinus lift is a surgical procedure in which bone is grafted onto the upper jaw.[10][11] The membrane of the maxillary sinus is lifted upward, making space for additional bone.

### Veneers

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Veneers are layers of dental resin or ceramic that are placed over existing teeth.[12][13] As Dr. Aggarwal explains, veneers require "minimal removal of tooth structure" and provide an improved aesthetic appearance.

While the low invasiveness of veneers may be attractive, they are more susceptible to damage than other treatments because they are so fragile. In addition, veneers may require multiple sessions to be placed. They are also more expensive, and insurance may not cover their costs

### Bridges

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Bridges are used to replace one or more missing teeth by placing artificial teeth between two natural teeth using crowns as supports on either side - effectively "filling" the gap where natural teeth once were.

## Guidelines for children and adolescents

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In the United States, the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry (AAPD) has published the following guidelines:[14]

* Guideline on Restorative Dentistry
* Guideline on Pulp Therapy for Primary and Immature Permanent Teeth
* Oral Health Policies & Recommendations (The Reference Manual of Pediatric Dentistry)[15]

## References

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1. ^ "Startseite | dgz". www.dgz-online.de. Retrieved 2023-05-11.
2. ^ Hellwig, Elmar; Klimek, Joachim; Attin, Thomas (2013). Introduction to tooth preservation. Examination knowledge cariology, endodontology and periodontology (in German). Deutscher Ärzte-Verlag GmbH. ISBN 978-3-7691-3448-3.
3. ^ "Restorative Dentistry-UK (RD-UK) and the Specialty Registrars in Restorative Dentistry Group (SRRDG) - Restorative Dentistry-UK (RD-UK) - SSRDG". www.restdent.org.uk.
4. ^ "Dental Crowns: Types, Procedure Overview & Costs". www.nativesdaily.com. 4 March 2022. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
5. ^ "Dental Crowns: Preserving Damaged Teeth". www.yourdentistryguide.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
6. ^ "Dental Fillings - Price, Dental Gap Filling". dentaleh.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
7. ^ "Dental Fillings". www.thecarsondentist.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
8. ^ "Tooth Filling: Dental Filling Costs, Types, Procedure and More". www.dentaly.org. 28 June 2024. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
9. ^ "Restorative dentistry: fillings, prosthetics, bioceramics and other methods". woodlandhillsfamilydentistry.com. 9 October 2023. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
10. ^ "Sinus Lift Overview". clinichunter.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
11. ^ "The sinus lift procedure". www.animated-teeth.com. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
12. ^ "All That You Need to Know About Dental Veneers". www.thantakit.com. 24 October 2019. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
13. ^ "Different Types of Veneers". www.thedentalguide.net. Retrieved 2024-10-14.
14. ^ Guideline on Restorative Dentistry (PDF) (Report). American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. 2016.
15. ^ "Oral Health Policies and Recommendations". www.aapd.org. Retrieved 2024-04-08.

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Dentistry

Specialties|

* Endodontics
* Oral and maxillofacial pathology
* Oral and maxillofacial radiology
* Oral and maxillofacial surgery
* Orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics
* Pediatric dentistry
* Periodontics
* Prosthodontics
* Dental public health
* Cosmetic dentistry
* Dental implantology
* Geriatric dentistry
* Restorative dentistry
* Forensic odontology
* Dental traumatology
* Holistic dentistry

Dental surgery|

* Dental extraction
* Tooth filling
* Root canal therapy
* Root end surgery
* Scaling and root planing
* Teeth cleaning
* Dental bonding
* Tooth polishing
* Tooth bleaching
* Socket preservation
* Dental implant

Organisations|

* American Association of Orthodontists
* British Dental Association
* British Dental Health Foundation
* British Orthodontic Society
* Canadian Association of Orthodontists
* Dental Technologists Association
* General Dental Council
* Indian Dental Association
* National Health Service

By country|

* Canada
* Philippines
* Israel
* United Kingdom
* United States

See also|

* Index of oral health and dental articles
* Outline of dentistry and oral health
* Dental fear
* Dental instruments
* Dental material
* History of dental treatments
* Ancient Rome
* Infant oral mutilation
* Mouth assessment
* Oral hygiene

Authority control databases: National |

* Germany
* Japan

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