Seagram

Former Canadian multinational conglomerate

For other uses, see Seagram (disambiguation).

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|

The Seagram Company Ltd.

Trade name

| Seagram's

Traded as

| TSX: VO[1]
NYSE: VO
Industry| Beverages
Founded| 1857; 167 years ago (1857), in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
Defunct| 2000; 24 years ago (2000)
Fate| Seagram's core business was broken up and acquired by Pernod Ricard, Infinium Spirits and Diageo; entertainment assets sold to Vivendi.
Successors| Vivendi
Pernod Ricard
Infinium Spirits
The Coca-Cola Company
Diageo
Universal Music Group
Comcast
Headquarters|

Montreal, Quebec

Canada

Number of locations

| Burlington
Oakville
Oshawa
Brampton
Saskatoon
Edmonton
Burnaby
Waterloo
New York City

Key people

| Joseph E. Seagram
Bronfman family
Products| Alcoholic beverages, Ginger ale, Tonic water, Club soda
Website| seagram.com (archived)

The Seagram Company Ltd. (which traded as Seagram's) was a Canadian multinational conglomerate formerly headquartered in Montreal, Quebec. Originally a distiller of Canadian whisky based in Waterloo, Ontario, it was in the 1990s the largest owner of alcoholic beverage lines in the world.

Toward the end of its independent existence, it also controlled various entertainment and other business ventures. Its purchase of MCA Inc., whose assets included Universal Studios and its theme parks, was financed through the sale of Seagram's 25% holding of chemical company DuPont, a position it acquired in 1981.

Seagram later imploded, with its beverage assets wholesaled off to various industry titans, notably Diageo, Infinium Spirits, and Pernod Ricard. Universal's television holdings were sold to media entrepreneur Barry Diller, and the balance of the Universal entertainment empire and what was Seagram was sold to French conglomerate Vivendi in 2000.

## History

[edit]

In 1857, Waterloo Distillery was founded in Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. Joseph E. Seagram became a partner with George Randall, William Roos and William Hespeler in 1869 and sole owner in 1883, and the company became known as Joseph E. Seagram & Sons. Many decades later, in 1924, Samuel Bronfman and his brothers founded Distillers Corporation Limited, in Montreal, which enjoyed substantial growth in the 1920s, in part due to Prohibition in the United States (the Distillers Corporation Limited name was derived from a United Kingdom company called Distillers Company Limited, which controlled the leading brands of whisky in the UK, and which was doing business with the Bronfmans).

In 1923, the Bronfmans purchased the Greenbrier Distillery in the United States, dismantled it, shipped it to Canada, and reassembled it in LaSalle, Quebec.[2] The Bronfmans shipped liquor from Canada to the French-controlled overseas collectivity Saint Pierre and Miquelon off the then-Dominion of Newfoundland, which was then shipped by bootleggers to rum rows in New York, New Jersey and other states.[3][4]

In 1928, a few years after the death of Joseph E. Seagram in 1919, the Distillers Corporation acquired Joseph E. Seagram & Sons from heir and President Edward F. Seagram; the merged company retained the Seagram name. The company was prepared for the end of Prohibition in 1933 with an ample stock of aged whiskeys, ready to sell to the newly-opened American market.

Although he was never convicted of criminal activity, Samuel Bronfman's dealings with bootleggers during the Prohibition-era in the United States have been researched by various historians and are documented in various peer-reviewed articles.[5][6]

In the 1930s, when Seagram established business in the United States, it paid a fine of $1.5 million to the US government to settle delinquent excise taxes on liquor illegally exported to the US during Prohibition. The US government had originally asked for $60 million.[7]

Original Seagram Distillery buildings in Waterloo, now converted to residential condominiums, Seagram Lofts, at 5 Father David Bauer Drive

From the 1950s, most of Distillers-Seagram was owned by the four children of Samuel Bronfman, through their holding company Cemp Investments. The three most popular Seagram distilled products in the 1960s through 1990s were Seven Crown, VO, and Crown Royal.

In 1963, Seagram purchased the Texas Pacific Coal and Oil Company for $61 million in cash and a $216 million production payment sale to Glanville Minerals Corporation of New York. Texas Pacific Coal and Oil Company was merged Frankfort Oil Company, another oil-producing company owned by Seagram. The new firm was named Texas Pacific Oil Company.[8] In 1980, the Bronfman heirs sold the Texas Pacific Oil holdings to Sun Oil Co. for $2.3 billion.[9]

After the death of Samuel Bronfman in 1971, Edgar Bronfman Sr. was named chairman and chief executive officer (CEO) until June 1994 when his son, Edgar Bronfman Jr., was appointed CEO.[10]

In 1978, Seagram's took over the Stonyfell winery in the eastern foothills of Adelaide from Dalgety Australia, around which time the winemaking part of the business at Stonyfell was wound up.[11]

During the early 1980s, Seagram's attempted to acquire St. Joe Minerals. However, it was outbid by Fluor Corporation.[citation needed]

In 1981, cash-rich and wanting to diversify, the U.S.-based subsidiary Seagram Company Ltd. attempted to engineer a takeover of Conoco Inc., a major American oil and gas producing company. Although Seagram acquired a 32.2% stake in Conoco, DuPont was brought in as a white knight by the oil company and entered the bidding war. Seagram lost the bidding war, though in exchange for its stake in Conoco it became a 24.3% owner of DuPont. By 1995, Seagram was DuPont's largest single shareholder with four seats on its board.[12]

In 1986, the company started a TV commercial campaign advertising its Golden wine cooler products. With rising star Bruce Willis as pitchman, Seagram rose from fifth place among distillers to first in just two years.[13]

Truck advertising the Seagram's Escapes brand of ready-to-drink alcoholic beverages

In 1987, Seagram engineered[clarification needed] a $1.2 billion takeover of French cognac maker Martell & Cie.

In 1995, Edgar Bronfman Jr. was eager to enter the film and electronic media business. On April 6, 1995, after being approached by Bronfman, DuPont announced a deal whereby the company would buy back its shares from Seagram for $9 billion. Seagram was heavily criticized by the investment community—the 24.3% stake in DuPont accounted for 70% of Seagram's earnings. Standard & Poor's took the unusual step of stating that the sale of the DuPont interest could result in a downgrade of Seagram's more than $4.2 billion of long-term debt. Bronfman used the proceeds of the sale to acquire a controlling interest in MCA from Matsushita, whose assets included Universal Pictures and its theme parks a year after.

Later in 1998, Seagram purchased PolyGram and scattered the assets within Universal Studios, notably Universal Music Group.[14][15][16]

The same year, Seagram sold to PepsiCo its juice business Tropicana Products that it acquired in 1988 for $3.1 billion.

In 2000, Seagram's entertainment division was sold to Vivendi, and, after Vivendi had acquired French media giant Groupe Canal+, it became part of the new company, Vivendi Universal, on 11 December 2000.[17]

The beverage division was sold to Pernod Ricard and Diageo. By the time Vivendi began auctioning off Seagram's beverages business, the once-renowned operation consisted of around 250 drink brands and brand extensions in addition to its original high-profile brand names.[citation needed]

In 2002, The Coca-Cola Company acquired the line of Seagram's mixers (ginger ale, tonic water, club soda and seltzer water) from Pernod Ricard and Diageo, as well as signing a long-term agreement to use the Seagram name from Pernod Ricard for these lines.[18]

A license from Pernod Ricard to produce Seagram's Cooler Escapes and Seagram's malt-beverage brands has been held by North American Breweries (formerly KPS) since 2009.[19]

On April 19, 2006, Pernod Ricard announced that they would be closing the former Seagram distillery in Lawrenceburg, Indiana. The distillery was instead sold in 2007 to CL Financial, a holding company based in Trinidad and Tobago which then collapsed and required government intervention. They operated the distillery as Lawrenceburg Distillers Indiana. In December 2011, the distillery was purchased by MGP Ingredients, headquartered in Atchison, Kansas.[20] It is now known as MGP of Indiana, and continues to be the source of the components of Seagram's Seven Crown, now owned by Diageo.

In a 2013 interview with The Globe and Mail, Charles Bronfman (uncle of Edgar Jr.) stated about the decisions leading to the demise of Seagram: "It was a disaster, it is a disaster, it will be a disaster. It was a family tragedy."[21]

In 2018, Diageo sold several Seagram's brands to Sazerac including Seagram's VO, but retained the Seven Crown brand.[22]

## Legacy

[edit]

The Seagram Building in New York

The Seagram name survives today in various well-known drinks. Seagram's Seven Crown, used to make the American cocktail, 7 and 7, is produced by Diageo, while Seagram's V.O. is produced by Sazerac.[22] Several brands of coolers are produced under the Seagram name as of 2022: Seagram's Escapes are produced by Genesee Brewing for the American market, while Seagram Island Time is produced by Waterloo Brewing for the Canadian market.[23][24] The Coca-Cola Company currently produces Seagram's Ginger Ale soda line since 2002 & made it widely available in 2011.[25]

Seagram's House, the former company headquarters in Montreal, was donated to McGill University by Vivendi Universal in 2002, then renamed Martlet House.[26] The landmarked Seagram Building, once the company's American headquarters in New York City, was commissioned by Phyllis Lambert, daughter of Seagram CEO Samuel Bronfman, and designed by architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe with Philip Johnson. Regarded as one of the most notable examples of the functionalist aesthetic and a prominent instance of corporate modern architecture, it set the trend for the city's skyline for decades to follow, and has been featured in several Hollywood films. On completion in 1958, its costs made it the world's most expensive skyscraper.[27] The Bronfman family sold the Seagram building to TIAA for $70.5 million in 1979.[28]

The Seagram Museum, formerly the original Seagram distillery in Waterloo, Ontario, was forced to close due to lack of funds in 1997. The building is now the home of the Centre for International Governance Innovation as well as Shopify. The two original barrel houses are now the Seagram Lofts condominiums. There were almost 5 acres (2.0 ha) of open land, upon which the Balsillie School of International Affairs was subsequently built; construction began in 2009, and was completed in 2010.[29][30]

## See also

[edit]

* Liquor portal
* Seagram Museum

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Seagram shareholders website". Archived from the original on 2000-03-03.
2. ^ Davin de Kergommeaux, Canadian Whiskey: The Portable Expert (2012) ISBN 978-0-7710-2745-1.
3. ^ Daniel Okrent, Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition, p. 343. (2010, Simon & Schuster) ISBN 978-0-7432-7702-0.
4. ^ Graham D. Taylor, "From Shirtsleeves to Shirtless": The Bronfman Dynasty and the Seagram Empire, Business History Conference, 2006.
5. ^ Peter C. Newman, Bronfman Dynasty: The Rothschilds of the New World (1978; U.S. title: King of the Castle: The Making of a Dynasty) ISBN 0-7710-6758-5.
6. ^ Okrent, pp. 146–158.
7. ^ "Bronfman fortune based on ... well ... bootlegging", Ottawa Citizen, August 19, 1975.
8. ^ "Paydirt and the Man from Spotsylvania (Part 3): Oil". Hometown by Handlebar. May 13, 2019. Retrieved November 9, 2023.
9. ^ Michael R. Marrus (1991). Samuel Bronfman - The Life and Times of Seagram’s Mr. Sam. Brandeis University Press of New England. ISBN 0-87451-571-8; pages 372-373.
10. ^ Edgar M. Bronfman, Good Spirits: The Making of a Businessman (1998) ISBN 0399143742.
11. ^ Warburton, Elizabeth; Burnside (S.A.). Corporation (1981). The paddocks beneath: a history of Burnside from the beginning. Corporation of the City of Burnside. ISBN 978-0-9593876-0-5.
12. ^ Wayne, Leslie (1985-08-11). "SEAGRAM PUTS ITS FAITH IN CHEMICALS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-10-14.
13. ^ Interview with Bruce Willis, p. 65, Playboy, November 1988.
14. ^ Shapiro, Eben (1998-05-11). "Seagram Nears PolyGram Purchase After Talks With EMI Fall Apart". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
15. ^ Philips, Chuck; Eller, Claudia (1998-05-22). "Seagram Uncorks $10.6-Billion Deal to Buy PolyGram". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
16. ^ "Seagrams completes PolyGram acquisition - Dec. 10, 1998". CNN Money. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
17. ^ "L'histoire du Groupe CANAL+ de 1983 à nos jours". Canal+. 1 January 2012. Archived from the original on 5 February 2012.
18. ^ "COMPANY NEWS; COKE ACQUIRES SEAGRAM'S LINE OF MIXER DRINKS". The New York Times. 2002-05-08. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2024-01-01.
19. ^ Kesmodel, David (2009-02-23). "KPS Buys Beer Operations, Forms Company for Its Brewery Holdings". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. Retrieved 2020-10-01.
20. ^ MGP Ingredients Inc. to Purchase Lawrenceburg, Indiana Distillery Assets, company press release, October 21, 2011.
21. ^ Slater, Joanna (April 5, 2013). "Charles Bronfman opens up about Seagram's demise: 'It is a disaster'". The Globe and Mail. Retrieved 2013-04-08.
22. ^ a b Geller, Muvija M, Martinne (2018-11-12). "Diageo to sell 19 brands to U.S.-based Sazerac for $550 million". Reuters. Retrieved 2021-08-10.`{{cite news}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
23. ^ Cleveland, Will. "Genesee Brewery manager: 'Seagram's Escapes is now our number one brand'". Democrat and Chronicle. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
24. ^ "Waterloo Brewing launches Seagram Island Time Coconut Lime Cocktail". www.newswire.ca. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
25. ^ "Coca-Cola Launches That Special Seagram's Sparkle Across the U.S." The Coca-Cola Company. 2011-02-28. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
26. ^ Desjardins, Sylvain-Jacques (2004-04-25). "Seagram Building reborn as Martlet House". McGill Reporter. Retrieved 2009-02-07.
27. ^ Bagli, Charles V. (12 October 2000). "On Park Avenue, Another Trophy Changes Hands". The New York Times.
28. ^ Dunlap, David W. (21 April 1988). "Seagram Landmark Move is Backed". The New York Times.
29. ^ "Construction continues on the Balsillie Campus", July 2, 2010.
30. ^ Mercer, Greg (January 8, 2009). "New Balsillie School will be 'functional, not fancy'". Kitchener Record. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved 2009-08-10.

* Faith, Nicholas. The Bronfmans: The Rise and Fall of the House of Seagram, 2006. ISBN 0-312-33219-X.

## External links

[edit]

* Seagram Museum Collection RG 490 – Brock University Library Digital Repository

* v
* t
* e

Alcoholic beverages

History and production

| History of alcohol|

* History of alcoholic beverages
* History of beer
* History of wine
* History of Bordeaux wine
* History of Champagne
* History of Chianti
* History of Rioja wine
* History of Sherry

|

Production|

* Alcohol industry
* Bathtub gin
* Brewing
* Brewery
* Malting
* Lautering
* Wort
* Yeast
* Distillation
* Drinking establishments
* Fermentation
* Simple syrup
* Yeast in winemaking
* Winemaking
* Yeast in winemaking

Fermented drinks by ingredients

| Fruit|

* Apple
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|

Cereals|

* Barley
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Other|

* Agave americana
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* Rakia
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|

Cereals|

* Barley
* Irish whiskey
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* Scotch whisky
* Beer
* Bierbrand
* Buckwheat
* Buckwheat whisky
* Maize
* Bourbon whiskey
* Corn whiskey
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* Rice
* Awamori
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* Rye
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* Starka
* Sorghum
* Baijiu (Kaoliang liquor)
* Multiple grains
* Ara
* American whiskey
* Baijiu
* Canadian whisky
* Shōchū
* Whisky

Other|

* Agave
* Mezcal
* Tequila
* Coconut and other palms
* Arrack
* Laksoy
* Lambanog
* Sotol
* Dairy
* Arkhi
* Sugarcane or molasses
* Aguardiente
* Cachaça
* Clairin
* Desi daru
* Guaro
* Rum
* Seco Herrerano
* Sulai
* Sura
* Tharra
* Various starches
* Aguardiente
* Akvavit
* Bangla
* Horilka
* Poitín
* Shōchū
* Vodka

Liqueurs and infused distilled drinks by ingredients

* Almond
* Amaretto
* Crème de Noyaux
* Anise
* Absinthe
* Anisado
*         * Anisado Mallorca
* Anisette
* Arak
* Hierbas
*         * Herbs de Majorca
* Mastika
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* Beer
* Bierlikör
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* Patxaran
* Cherry
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* Chocolate
* Chocolate liqueur
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* Lakka
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* Coffee
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* Cream
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* List

* v
* t
* e

NBCUniversal

A division of Comcast

Predecessors|

* MCA Inc.
* PolyGram
* RCA
* Seagram Company Ltd.
* Vivendi Universal

Executives|

* Dick Ebersol
* Bonnie Hammer
* Donna Langley
* Steve Burke
* Pearlena Igbokwe
* Noah Oppenheim
* Cesar Conde

Studio Group|

| Universal Filmed
Entertainment Group|

* Universal Pictures
* Back Lot Music
* DreamWorks Animation
* Focus Features
* Illumination
* Illumination Studios Paris
* NBCUniversal Entertainment Japan
* United International Pictures*
* Universal Animation Studios
* Universal Pictures Home Entertainment
* Working Title Films
* Amblin Partners
* Amblin Entertainment
* DreamWorks Pictures

|

Universal
Studio Group|

* Universal Television
* Universal Content Productions
* Universal International Studios
* Carnival Films
* Matchbox Pictures
* DreamWorks Animation Television
* DreamWorks Classics
* Big Idea Entertainment
* Bullwinkle Studios*
* Harvey Entertainment

Destinations
& Experiences Group|

| United States|

* Universal Studios Hollywood
* CityWalk
* Universal Orlando
* Universal Studios Florida
* Islands of Adventure
* CityWalk
* Epic Universe
* Universal Kids Resort
* Universal Horror Unleashed

|

International|

* Universal Studios Japan
* Universal Studios Singapore
* Universal Beijing Resort
* Universal Studios Beijing
* Universal Studios United Kingdom (planned)

Media Group|

| Television networks|

* NBC
* Bravo
* E!
* Syfy
* USA Network
* Universal Kids
* Oxygen

|

Streaming|

* Hayu
* Peacock
* PictureBox Films
* Fandango Media (70%)
* Fandango at Home

NBC
Sports Group|

* NBC Olympics
* NBC Sports Ventures
* Alli
* Golf Channel
* NBC Sports Digital
* GolfNow
* NBC Sports
* part owner
* MLB Network
* NHL Network
* Regional Networks
* Bay Area (45%)
* Boston
* California
* Philadelphia
* SNY (8%)

International
Networks|

* v
* t
* e

NBCUniversal International Networks

A division of NBCUniversal

Asia|

* DreamWorks Channel
* Golf Channel (Indonesia)

Australia & New Zealand|

* Bravo
* New Zealand
* Australia
* Universal TV
* Australia
* New Zealand

Europe, Middle East and Africa|

* 13th Street
* France
* Germany
* Spain & Portugal
* Poland
* DreamWorks Channel
* Diva
* E!
* Golf Channel (France)
* Movies 24
* Syfy
* France
* Germany
* Poland
* Portugal
* Spain
* UK & Ireland
* Studio Universal
* Telemundo Africa
* Universal TV Germany

Latin America & Brazil|

* Universal TV
* E!
* Golf Channel
* Studio Universal
* USA Network
* Telemundo Internacional
* DreamWorks Channel
* Universal+ (outside of Brazil)

Defunct|

* 13th Street Netherlands and Flanders
* 13th Street Australia
* Diva TV
* Diva Universal Italy
* Diva Asia
* E! Asia
* E! Australia and New Zealand
* Hallmark Channel International
* Hallmark Channel Benelux & Scandinavia
* KidsCo
* Sci Fi Romania
* Steel
* Style Network Australia
* Syfy Netherlands and Flanders
* Syfy Russia
* Syfy Asia
* Syfy Australia
* Syfy Latin America
* Universal Channel Greece
* Universal Channel Poland
* Universal Channel Turkey
* Universal Channel Japan
* Universal Channel Asia
* Universal TV UK & Ireland

Other assets|

* Distribution
* Domestic
* International

Telemundo Enterprises Group|

* Telemundo
* Puerto Rico Studios
* Telemundo Studios
* Universo
* Telemundo Deportesw/NBC Sports Group
* Noticias Telemundo

Local Group
O&Os|

| NBC Owned
TV Stations|

* KNBC
* KNSD
* KNTV
* KXAS-TV
* WBTS-CD
* WCAU
* WMAQ-TV
* WNBC
* WRC-TV
* WTVJ
* WVIT
* K15CU-D
* KTEL-TV
* Other properties
* Cozi TV
* NBC LX
* NBC LX Home
* NECN

|

Telemundo
Station Group|

* KASA-TV/KTEL-CD/KUPT
* KBLR
* KCSO
* KDEN-TV
* KHRR
* KNSO
* KSTS
* KTAZ
* KTDO
* KTLM
* KTMD
* KTMW
* KUAN
* KVDA
* KVEA
* KXTX-TV
* WKAQ-TV
* WNEU
* WNJU
* WRDM-CD/WDMR-LP
* WRIW-CD
* WRMD-CD
* WRTD-CD
* WSCV
* WSNS-TV
* WTMO-CD
* WWSI
* WWDT-CD
* WYCN-LD
* WZTD-LD
* WZDC-CD
* Other properties: TeleXitos

Other units|

* Affiliate relations
* NBC
* Telemundo
* EMKA, Ltd.
* International Media Distribution

News Group|

| Main divisions|

* NBC News
* NBCNews.com
* NBC Out
* MSNBC

|

CNBC global channels|

* CNBC
* Africa (licensee)
* Asia
* Brazil (licensee)
* Europe
* World

CNBC Europe branches|

* Class CNBC (20%)
* CNBC-e
* Africa (licensee)
* Arabia

CNBC Asia branches|

* CNBC TV18
* CNBC Awaaz
* CNBC Indonesia
* JKN-CNBC
* Nikkei CNBC

Former/defunct
properties|

* 13th Street (Australia)
* A&E Networks (A&E)*
* Canal+ Group
* Castle Films
* Chapman Entertainment
* Chiller
* Chiller Films
* CIC Video
* Cloo
* Comcast Network
* Craftsy
* Diva
* Diva Universal (Italy)
* E! (Asia)
* Entertainment Rights
* Esquire Network
* Fearnet
* Filmation
* FilmDistrict
* G4
* Good Machine
* Gramercy Pictures
* Hallmark Channel (international)
* ITC Entertainment
* Interscope Communications
* Miss Universe*
* Multimedia Entertainment
* NBBC
* NBCSN
* NBC Sports (Chicago (25%)
* Northwest)
* NBC Weather Plus
* October Films
* Olympic Channel
* Pacific Data Images
* Peacock Productions
* PolyGram Filmed Entertainment
* Propaganda Films
* Savoy Pictures
* SBS CNBC
* Shift
* Seeso
* Spencer Gifts
* Style Network (Australia)
* Syfy (Asia)
* Syfy (Australia)
* Tell-Tale Productions
* The Entertainment Channel*
* Total Television
* UPA
* Universal Channel (Asia)
* Universal Channel (Greece)
* Universal Channel (Japan)
* Universal Channel (Poland)
* Universal TV (UK and Ireland)
* Universal Interactive
* Universal Music Group
* Universal Channel (Turkey)
* Vivendi Universal Games
* Walter Lantz Productions
* Western Publishing
* Gold Key Comics
* Whitman Publishing
* Golden Books Family Entertainment
* Golden Book Video
* Woodland Animations
* ZGS Communications

* Denotes joint ventures

* v
* t
* e

Vivendi

* List of owned assets

Directors|

* Vincent Bolloré
* Arnaud de Puyfontaine
* Pierre Rodocanachi

Groupe Canal+|

| Canal+
France|

* C8
* Canal+ (provider)
* Afrique
* Calédonie
* Caraïbes
* Canal+ Sport 360
* Canal+ Sport
* Canal+ Foot
* Canal+ Séries
* Canal+ Cinéma
* Canal+ Docs
* Canal+ Kids
* CNews
* CStar
* Mezzo TV (50%)
* Mezzo Live HD (50%)
* MultiThématiques
* OCS
* Ciné+ Frisson
* Ciné+ Émotion
* Ciné+ Family
* Ciné+ Festival
* Ciné+ Classic
* InfoSport+
* Foot+
* Rugby+
* Golf+
* Olympia TV
* Comédie+
* Polar+
* Planète+
* Planète+ Crime
* Planète+ Aventure
* Seasons
* CStar Hits France
* Piwi+
* Télétoon+
* Télétoon+1
* Thema TV
* Nollywood TV
* Nollywood TV Epic
* Novelas TV

|

Canal+
Poland (51%)|

* Ale Kino+
* Domo
* Kuchina
* MiniMini+
* Canal+
* Premium
* Sport
* Sport 2
* Teletoon+

M7 Group|

* Canal Digitaal
* Focus Sat
* Skylink
* Télésat
* TV Vlaanderen

StudioCanal|

* Arthaus
* Red Production Company
* Rok Studios
* StudioCanal UK
* Tandem Productions
* Dutch FilmWorks

Vivendi Ticketing|

* Digitick
* Vivendi Village
* See Tickets
* See Tickets USA
* Flavorus
* MyBestPro
* Watchever
* L’Olympia

Prisma Media|

* Capital
* Femme Actuelle
* Geo (France)
* Prima
* VSD
* Voici

* v
* t
* e

Lagardère Group

Lagardère
Publishing /
Hachette Livre|

* Armand Colin
* Calmann-Lévy
* Dalloz
* Fayard
* Gautier-Languereau
* Grasset
* Hachette
* Hatier
* Larousse
* Librairie Générale Française (80%)
* JC Lattès
* Pika
* Stock
* Hatier
* Edelsa

| Hachette
Book Group|

* Grand Central
* Hachette Nashville
* Center Street
* FaithWords
* Little, Brown
* Little, Brown Spark
* Mulholland Books
* Voracious
* Orbit
* Perseus
* Avalon Travel
* Basic Books
* Seal Press
* Hachette Books
* Da Capo
* PublicAffairs
* Running Press
* Black Dog & Leventhal
* Yen (49%)

|

Hachette UK|

* Hachette Children's
* Orchard Books1
* Franklin Watts1
* Wayland
* Headline
* Hodder & Stoughton
* Coronet
* Sceptre
* Yellow Kite
* Hodder Education
* Galore Park
* Gibson
* Philip Allan Updates
* Teach Yourself
* John Murray
* Hodder Faith
* John Murray Learning
* Chambers
* Michel Thomas Method
* Two Roads
* Little, Brown
* Constable & Robinson
* Mulholland
* Orbit
* Virago
* Sphere
* Octopus
* Cassell Illustrated
* Conran Octopus
* Gaia
* Godsfield
* Hamlyn
* Mitchell Beazley
* Philip's
* Spruce
* Orion Books
* Weidenfeld & Nicolson
* Gollancz
* Quercus
* Bookouture
* Hachette India

Lagardère
News|

| Hachette
Filipacchi|

* Elle (brand)
* Le Journal du Dimanche
* Paris Match

|

TV & Radio|

* Delta Radio
* Europe 1
* Jacaranda FM (20%)
* Radio ZET (part owner)
* VIBE FM
* Europe 2
* RFM

Lagardère
Services|

* Lagardère Live Entertainment
* HDS Retail
* LS Travel Retail Asia Pacific
* Virgin Megastores (France)
* Paradies Lagardère

1 Lagardère SCA owns these brands in the United Kingdom only. These brands are owned by Scholastic Corporation in the United States.

Havas|

* Arnold Worldwide
* BETC
* Camp+King
* Euro RSCG London
* FullSIX
* Havas Creative
* Havas London
* Havas Media
* Messner Vetere Berger McNamee Schmetterer/Euro RSCG
* Snyder Communications

Other assets|

* Dailymotion
* Gameloft

Equity investments|

* Telecom Italia (23.75%)

Defunct/former
assets|

* Activision Blizzard
* Activision
* Blizzard Entertainment
* Budcat Creations
* Infinity Ward
* Luxoflux
* Massive Entertainment
* Neversoft
* Radical Entertainment
* RedOctane
* Shaba Games
* Sierra Entertainment
* Treyarch
* Animation Magic
* Banijay Group
* Canal+ Family
* Canal+ Gol
* Editis
* Gaiam Vivendi Entertainment
* Gala
* GVT
* Knowledge Adventure
* Maroc Telecom
* NBCUniversal
* Rogue Pictures
* Universal Pictures
* SFR
* Sport+
* Universal Music Group
* Veolia
* Vivendi Games
* Fox Interactive
* Universal Interactive
* OCS
* Ciné+ Premier
* Ciné+ Famiz
* Ciné+ Club

* Category
* Commons

* v
* t
* e

Pernod Ricard

Acquisitions|

* Irish Distillers (1988)
* Orlando Wines (1989)
* Wyndham Estate (1990)
* Seagram (2000)
* Chivas Brothers (2001)
* Allied Domecq (2005)
* Vin & Sprit (2008)
* Lillet (2008)
* Plymouth Gin Distillery (2008)
* Castle Brands (2019)

Distilleries|

* Aberlour distillery
* Allt-A-Bhainne distillery
* Braeval distillery
* Dalmunach distillery
* Glenburgie distillery
* Glen Keith distillery
* The Glenlivet distillery
* Glentauchers distillery
* Longmorn distillery
* Miltonduff distillery
* New Midleton distillery
* Scapa distillery
* Strathisla distillery

Spirits brands|

| Apéritif|

* Dubonnet
* Italicus
* Lillet
* Pernod
* Ricard
* Suze

|

Brandy & Cognac|

* Ararat
* Augier
* Macieira
* Martell

Gin|

* Beefeater
* Cork Dry
* KI NO BI
* Malfy
* Monkey 47
* Plymouth Gin
* Seagram's Gin
* Ungava

Liqueurs & Bitters|

* Becherovka
* Kahlúa
* Minttu
* Ramazzotti

Rum|

* Gosling Rum
* Havana Club
* Malibu

Tequila & Mezcal|

* Avión
* Código 1530
* Del Maguey
* Olmeca
* Olmeca Altos

Vodka|

* Absolut
* Explorer
* L’Orbe
* Luksusowa
* Ostoya
* Renat
* Wyborowa

Whisky|

| American
(Castle Brands)|

* Jefferson's Bourbon
* Rabbit Hole’s
* Smooth Ambler
* TX Wiskey

|

Canadian|

* J.P. Wiser's
* Lot No. 40

Chinese|

* The Chuan Pure Malt Whisky

Irish
(Irish Distillers)|

* Clontarf
* Green Spot
* Jameson
* Method and Madness
* Knappogue Castle
* Midleton Very Rare
* Powers
* Redbreast

Indian|

* Blenders Pride
* Royal Stag
* Imperial Blue

Scotch
(Chivas Brothers)|

| Single malt|

* Aberlour
* Glen Keith
* The Glenlivet
* Longmorn
* Scapa

|

Blended|

* Ballantine's
* Chivas Regal
* Long John
* Passport
* Royal Salute
* Something Special
* 100 Pipers

Wine brands|

| Wine|

* Jacob's Creek
* Brancott Estate
* Campo Viejo
* Church Road
* George Wyndham
* Jacob's Creek
* Kenwood Vineyards
* West Coast Cooler
* Helan Mountain

|

Champagne|

* G. H. Mumm
* Perrier-Jouët

People|

* Paul Ricard
* Patrick Ricard
* Jean Hémard
* Ariste Hémard
* Henri Louis Pernod
* Jules-François Pernod
* Jules-Félix Pernod

* 1 As of 2008, the company is 46% owned by Pernod Ricard.

* Category
* Liquor portal

* v
* t
* e

Diageo

Breweries and
distilleries|

* Auchroisk distillery
* Benrinnes distillery
* Blair Athol distillery
* Brora distillery
* Cameronbridge distillery
* Caol Ila distillery
* Cardhu distillery
* Clynelish distillery
* Cragganmore distillery
* Dailuaine distillery
* Dalwhinnie distillery
* Dufftown distillery
* Glen Elgin distillery
* Glen Ord distillery
* Glen Spey distillery
* Glendullan distillery
* Glenkinchie distillery
* Glenlossie distillery
* Guinness Brewery
* Guinness Ghana Breweries
* Inchgower distillery
* Knockando distillery
* Lagavulin distillery
* Leven distillery
* Linkwood distillery
* Mannochmore distillery
* Mortlach distillery
* North British Distillery1
* Oban distillery
* Port Ellen distillery
* Roe & Co Distillery
* Roseisle distillery
* Royal Lochnagar distillery
* Strathmill distillery
* Talisker distillery
* Teaninich distillery

Beer brands|

* Guinness
* Guinness Black
* Guinness Foreign Extra Stout
* Harp
* Hop House 13
* Kilkenny
* Satzenbrau
* Smithwick's
* Tusker

Spirits brands|

| Brandy and cognac|

* Cîroc VS
* Hennessy2

|

Cachaça|

* Ypióca

Gin|

* Aviation Gin
* Gilbey's
* Gordon's
* Tanqueray

Liqueur|

* Baileys Irish Cream
* Pimm's
* Sheridan's

Rum|

* Bundaberg Rum
* Cacique
* Captain Morgan

Tequila|

* Casamigos
* DeLeón
* Don Julio

Vodka|

* Cîroc
* Ketel One
* Smirnoff

Whisky|

| Scotch|

| Single malt|

* Blair Athol
* Benrinnes
* Brora
* Caol Ila
* Cardhu
* Classic Malts of Scotland
* Clynelish
* Cragganmore
* Dailuaine
* Dalwhinnie
* Dufftown
* Glendullan
* Glen Elgin
* Glenkinchie
* Glenlossie
* Glen Ord
* Glen Spey
* Inchgower
* Knockando
* Lagavulin
* Linkwood
* Mannochmore
* Mortlach
* Oban
* Roseisle
* Royal Lochnagar
* Singleton
* Strathmill
* Talisker
* Teaninich

|

Blended|

* Bell's
* Black & White
* Buchanan's
* Haig
* Johnnie Walker
* Justerini & Brooks (J&B)
* Logan
* Old Parr
* Vat 69
* White Horse

American|

| Bourbon|

* Bulleit Bourbon

|

Tennessee whiskey|

* George Dickel

Blended|

* Seagram's Seven Crown

Canadian|

* Crown Royal

Irish|

* Roe & Co

Indian
(United Spirits)|

* Antiquity
* Bagpiper
* Director's Special
* DSP Black
* McDowell's No.1
* Royal Challenge
* Signature

Other|

* Raw Tea
* Rumple Minze
* Seedlip (non-alcoholic)
* Sichuan Shuijingfang
* Sirop de Picon
* Yeni Raki

Wine brands|

* Bouvet Ladubay
* Dom Pérignon2
* Justerini & Brooks
* Moët & Chandon2
* Veuve Clicquot2

People|

* Debra Crew
* Franz Humer
* Ivan Menezes
* Paul S. Walsh

Other|

* Diageo Global Supply Centre
* Diageo/Hotline Poll
* Diageo Staff Association
* East African Breweries
* Gleneagles Hotel
* Grand Metropolitan
* Guinness Brewmasters
* Guinness Storehouse
* International Distillers & Vintners
* Johnnie Walker Championship at Gleneagles
* Johnnie Walker Classic
* The Distillers Company
* United Distillers

* 1Owned by Lothian Distillers, a joint venture between Diageo (50%) and The Edrington Group (50%) 2Produced by Moët Hennessy, a joint venture between Diageo (34%) and LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton S.A. (66%)

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Ginger ale and ginger beer

* A-Treat
* Ale-8-One
* Barritt's
* Blenheim
* Boylan
* Buffalo Rock
* Bundaberg
* Canada Dry
* Catawissa
* Crabbie's
* Dr. Brown's
* Faygo
* Fentimans
* Fitz's
* Foxon Park
* Polar
* Red Rock
* Reed's
* Schweppes
* Sprecher
* Stewart's
* Stoney
* Sussex Golden
* Vernors
* Vess
* White Rock

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

Other|

* IdRef

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