University of Havana

University located in the Vedado district of Havana, Cuba

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University of Havana

Universidad de la Habana

Type| Public
Established| 5 January 1728; 296 years ago (1728-01-05)
Rector| Miriam Nicado García,[1] Ph.D

Academic staff

| over 300
Students| 24,247[2]
Location|

Havana

Cuba

Website| www.uh.cu

The University of Havana (UH; Spanish: Universidad de La Habana) is a public university located in the Vedado district of Havana, the capital of Cuba. Founded on 5 January 1728, the university is the oldest in Cuba, and one of the first to be founded in the Americas. Originally a religious institution, today the university has 15 faculties (colleges) at its Havana campus and distance learning centers throughout Cuba.[3]

## History

[edit]

Faculty of Math and Computer Science Aula Magna Statue of Alma Mater on the main steps of the university.

Founded by Dominican friars belonging to the Order of Preachers (la Orden de Predicadores) as Real y Pontificia Universidad de San Gerónimo de la Habana (Royal and Pontifical University of Saint Jerome of Havana) with six original faculties: Art and Philosophy, Theology, Canons, Law, and Medicine.[citation needed]

In 1842, the university changed its status to become a secular, royal and literary institution. Its name became Real y Literaria Universidad de La Habana (Royal and Literary University of Havana) and later, when Cuba was a free republic, the name was changed to Universidad Nacional (National University).

The university had first been established in San Juan de Letrán (located in Villa de San Cristóbal in Old Havana) before it was transferred on 1 May 1902, to a hill in the Vedado area of Havana. The interiors of the building were decorated by Armando Menocal y Menocal. The seven frescos represent Medicine, Science, Art, Thought, Liberal Arts, Literature, and Law. At the main university entrance (shown above) there is a bronze statue of Alma Mater (meaning the "Nourishing mother" in Latin) that was created in 1919 by artist Mario Korbel, who based his design off of Alma Mater, the Daniel Chester French statue at Columbia University in New York City. The model for the statue's face was 16-year-old Feliciana "Chana" Villalón, the daughter of José Ramón Villalón y Sánchez, a professor of analytical mathematics at the university. Chana later married Juan Manuel Menocal (a distant relative of Armando Menocal), who went on to become the Dean of the Business School. Juan Manuel Menocal was a professor at the law school when Fidel Castro was a student there in the 1940s. Maria Rosa Menocal, former Director of the Whitney Humanities Center at Yale, was the granddaughter of Chana and Juan Manuel Menocal. (See Alma Mater Witness of Time by Eduardo Heras León).

The main library "Rubén Martínez Villena" was established later in 1936.

After the government was taken over by Fulgencio Batista in 1952, the university became a center of anti-government protests. Batista closed the university in 1956. From 1 January 1959, the date on which Fidel Castro seized power in Cuba, until 1 January 1962, the university went through a period of reformation to eliminate "anti-revolutionary ideas".

In 2002, Rutgers University–Camden and the University of Havana signed a memorandum of understanding (MOU) to formalize research and exchange opportunities for students and faculty.

The MOU was re-signed in October 2016 with the addition of encompassing all of Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.

Throughout its history, the university has received multiple awards for its research work. In February 2022, thanks to its contributions in the fight against COVID-19, the institute received the Science and Innovation award from the Union of Latin American Universities,[4] during the celebration of the International Congress on Higher Education.

## Organization

[edit]

The University of Havana is made up of 16 faculties (Spanish: facultades) and 14 research centers in a variety of fields, including economics, sciences, social science and humanities. In total, up to 25 specialties are taught at the university. Now, it has about 60,000 degree students in regular classes.[5]

There are 16 faculties into which the university is divided:

* Natural Sciences
* Faculty of Biology
* Faculty of Pharmacy and Foods
* Faculty of Physics
* Faculty of Geography
* Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science[6]
* Faculty of Psychology
* Faculty of Chemistry
* Social Sciences and Humanities
* Faculty of Arts and Letters
* Faculty of Communication
* Faculty of Law
* Faculty of Philosophy, History, and Sociology
* Faculty of Foreign Languages
* Economic Sciences
* Faculty of Accounting and Finance
* Faculty of Economics
* Faculty of Tourism
* Distance Education

## Student organizations

[edit]

Before the Cuban Revolution of 1959, students joined different organizations, aligning themselves directly or indirectly with some political party. The strongest of all these organizations was the FEU (Federación Estudiantil Universitaria or University Students Federation) created by Julio Antonio Mella, a co-founder of the Cuban Communist Party in the 1920s. The European revolutionary tradition of college-based political activism that was practiced in Cuba and in many other Latin American countries and the alleged corruption of Cuban political parties at the time turned the FEU, a stronghold of communist ideology, into the most influential of Cuban political organizations before 1959. It was a major participant in the overthrowing of the Cuban President Gerardo Machado. The FEU initiated the national general strike of 1933, resulting in the imprisonment of many of its members. Founder Julio Antonio Mella, himself had been killed at the hands of two assassins sent by Machado while exiled in Mexico in 1929.

After the coup d'état by Fulgencio Batista in 1952, when free and democratic elections were suspended, the violent clashes between university students and Cuban police reached their extremes. Students known to be members of the FEU were violently tortured and killed in the streets of Havana, and the organization reacted with an irregular war in the city, aiming mainly to assassinate police officers of high rank, like the chief of the police in Havana, Blanco Rico, who was killed by 4 FEU members. After the assault on the Moncada barracks by Fidel Castro, an attorney who graduated from Havana University School of Law, and who had contacts in the FEU, the FEU became an ally of Castro's new 26th of July Movement, though there were discrepancies between the leaders in the form that the forthcoming revolution should be carried out. While Fidel Castro was hiding in the Sierra Maestra mountains, the FEU, led by Jose Antonio Echeverria, attempted to kill Fulgencio Batista in an armed assault at the Cuban Presidential Palace on 13 March 1957. Batista managed to escape, and many student assailants died in the action, as did Echeverria himself. During the months that followed, the police executed many of the students that led the failed coup. President Batista ordered the university to be closed, and it remained so until Batista fled the country and Fidel Castro entered Havana in January 1959.

The Castro administration re-opened the university in 1959.

## Notable alumni

[edit]

* Carlos Alfonzo (1950–1991), Cuban American artist
* Juan Almeida Bosque (1927–2009), politician
* Ángel Arango (1926–2013), science fiction writer
* Olinta Ariosa Morales (1921–1999), librarian
* Mariano Brull (1891–1956), poet
* Ana Cairo Ballester (1949–2019), longtime history professor at the university
* Fidel Castro (1926 –2016), Cuban leader
* Osvaldo Dorticós Torrado (1919–1983), politician
* Danny Faure (born 1962), Seychelles politician
* Nicolás Guillén (1902–1989), poet
* José Lezama Lima (1910–1976), writer
* Dulce María Loynaz (1902–1997), poet
* Juan Marinello (1898 –1977), writer
* Nancy Morejón (born 1944), poet
* Jose Antonio Ortega Bonet (1929–2009), Goya founder
* Antonio Quintana Simonetti (1919–1993), architect
* Blanche Zacharie de Baralt (1865/1866–1950), writer

## See also

[edit]

* Cuba portal

* Eberto Escobedo Lazo
* Education in Cuba
* List of universities in Cuba
* List of colonial universities in Latin America

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Equipo Rectoral | Universidad de la Habana". Archived from the original on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 6 January 2021.
2. ^ "Universidad de la Habana celebra el Día Internacional de la Danza – Universidad de la Habana". Archived from the original on 9 December 2017. Retrieved 13 May 2013.
3. ^ "Study Abroad in Havana". www.apistudyabroad.com. Archived from the original on 30 August 2016. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
4. ^ "Recibe la Universidad de La Habana el premio Ciencia e Innovación en el combate contra la COVID-19". Universidad de la Habana (in Spanish). 11 February 2022. Archived from the original on 14 February 2022. Retrieved 14 February 2022.
5. ^ "Study in Cuba". 7 November 2012. Archived from the original on 23 September 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
6. ^ www.matcom.uh.cu Archived 18 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine (in Spanish)

## Further reading

[edit]

* "Cuba: Universidad de la Habana". Handbook of Learned Societies and Institutions: America. USA: Carnegie Institution of Washington. 1908. hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t5t72q98c - via HathiTrust.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Universidad de La Habana.

* University of Habana Website (in Spanish)
* Gulfbase.org
* Red Latinoamericana de Química

* v
* t
* e

Cuban universities

* Camagüey
* Ciego de Ávila
* Sancti Spiritus
* Cienfuegos
* Granma
* Havana
* Havana Agricultural University
* CUJAE
* Guantánamo
* Holguín
* Las Tunas
* Matanzas
* Pinar del Río
* Santa Clara "Marta Abreu"
* Santiago de Cuba

* v
* t
* e

Havana landmarks

Buildings|

| Government|

* El Capitolio
* Palacio de los Capitanes Generales
* Palacio del Segundo Cabo
* Cuartel de Milicias

|

Fortifications|

* La Cabaña
* Castillo de la Real Fuerza
* Castillo San Salvador de la Punta
* Morro Castle
* Castillo del Príncipe
* Torreón de la Chorrera
* Santa Clara Battery
* Batería de la de la Reina†
* Torreón de San Lázaro†
* Castillo de Atarés

Banks|

* Bank of Nova Scotia†
* Royal Bank of Canada†

Education|

* Colegio de Belén†
* Candler College and Colegio Buenavista†
* Colegio Nacional de Arquitectos de Cuba
* Escuela Latinoamericana de Ciencias Médicas
* Instituto Técnico Militar
* University of Havana

Entertainment|

* Bandstand of el Prado†
* Coliseo de la Ciudad Deportiva
* Sans Souci Cabaret†
* Club Náutico
* José Martí Anti-Imperialist Platform
* Oriental Park Racetrack†
* Radiocentro CMQ Building
* Havana Jai alai†
* Tropicana Club

Food and drink|

* Modelo Brewery†
* Bacardí Building
* Floridita
* Heladería Coppelia
* Sloppy Joe's
* Bodeguita del Medio

Hospitals|

* Maternidad Obrera de Marianao
* Carlos J. Finlay Military Hospital
* Havana Psychiatric Hospital
* Hermanos Ameijeiras Hospital
* Hospital de San Lázaro†

Hotels|

* Hotel Pasaje†
* Hotel San Carlos†
* Hotel Saratoga
* Hotel Perla de Cuba†
* Royal Palm Hotel
* Rosita De Hornedo Hotel
* Hotel Ambos Mundos
* Hotel NH Capri La Habana
* Hotel Deauville
* Gran Hotel Manzana Kempinski La Habana
* Hotel Habana Riviera by Iberostar
* Hotel Inglaterra
* Hotel Nacional de Cuba
* Hotel Plaza
* Hotel Sevilla
* Hotel Tryp Habana Libre
* Meliá Cohiba Hotel

Infrastructure|

* Acueducto de Albear
* Havana Tunnel
* Royal Shipyard of Havana†

Museums|

* Museo de Artes Decorativas
* Museo del Aire†
* Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana
* Museo Napoleónico
* Museo de la Revolución

Religious|

* Abdallah Mosque
* Basílica Menor de San Francisco de Asís
* Temple Beth Shalom
* Catedral de La Habana
* Iglesia de Jesús de Miramar
* Iglesia del Espíritu Santo
* Iglesia de San Francisco de Paula
* Iglesia Santo Cristo del Buen Viaje
* Iglesia de Santa María del Rosario
* San Carlos and San Ambrosio Seminary
* Casa de Beneficencia y Maternidad†
* Our Lady of Kazan Orthodox Cathedral
* Seminario Teológico Adventista
* Nuestra Señora de Belén
* Hermitage of the Catalans, Havana

Theatres|

* Coliseo of Havana†
* Gaia
* Gran Teatro de La Habana
* Teatro Amadeo Roldán
* Teatro Hubert de Blanck
* Teatro Karl Marx
* Teatro Martí
* Teatro Miramar
* Teatro Nacional
* Teatro Tacón†

Transport|

* Central Railway Station
* Ciudad Libertad Airport
* José Martí International Airport
* Managua Airport

Other buildings|

* Palacio de Aldama
* Palacio de la Marquesa de Villalba
* FOCSA Building
* La Mansión de Mark Pollack†
* Lonja del Comercio
* López Serrano Building
* National Library José Martí
* Edificio del Seguro Médico
* Plaza del Vapor†
* Villa Marista

Monuments|

| Memorials|

* El Templete
* Antonio Maceo monument
* José Martí Memorial
* USS Maine monument
* Memorial to the Soviet Internationalist Soldier
* Monumento El Cacahual

|

Sculptures|

* Christ of Havana
* Fuente de la India
* Fuente de los Leones

Areas|

| Natural|

* Almendares River
* Havana Harbor
* Caleta de San Lazaro†

|

Neighborhoods|

* Arroyo Naranjo
* Barrio de San Lázaro
* Boyeros (Calabazar, Santiago de las Vegas and Wajay
* Cayo Hueso
* Centro Habana
* Cerro
* Cotorro
* Diez de Octubre (La Víbora)
* Guanabacoa
* Marianao
* Habana del Este (Alamar, Cojímar and Guanabo)
* Habana Vieja
* La Lisa (Punta Brava)
* Plaza de la Revolución (Vedado)
* Playa (Miramar, Puentes Grandes and Santa Fe)
* Regla (Casablanca)
* San Miguel del Padrón (Diezmero)

Squares, parks, and gardens|

* Paseo de Tacón
* Amphitheatre of Old Havana
* Quinta de los molinos
* La Alameda de Paula
* Parque Central
* Parque de la Fraternidad (formerly Campo de Marte}
* Paseo del Prado
* John Lennon Park
* Plaza de la Catedral
* Plaza de la Revolución
* Plaza de San Francisco de Asís
* Plaza Vieja

Streets|

* Obispo Street
* La Rampa
* Malecón
* Calle Monserrate
* Calle Zulueta

Urbanism|

* Havana Plan Piloto
* Arco de Belén, Havana

Cemeteries|

* Colon Cemetery
* Espada Cemetery†

* † closed

23°8′3.49″N 82°22′55.32″W﻿ / ﻿23.1343028°N 82.3820333°W﻿ / 23.1343028; -82.3820333

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International|

* ISNI
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National|

* Spain
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* Germany
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Other|

* IdRef

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