Ceará-Mirim

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Municipality in Northeast, Brazil

Ceará-Mirim

Municipality

Flag

Coat of arms

Location in Rio Grande do Norte state

Ceará-Mirim

Location in Brazil

Coordinates: 5°38′S 35°26′W﻿ / ﻿5.633°S 35.433°W﻿ / -5.633; -35.433
Country| Brazil
Region| Northeast
State| Rio Grande do Norte
Mesoregion| Leste Potiguar
Microregion| Macaíba
Area

• Total| 739.686 km2 (285.594 sq mi)
Population

(2020 [1])

• Total| 73,886
• Density| 100/km2 (260/sq mi)
Time zone| UTC−3 (BRT)

Ceará-Mirim is a city in Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The population is 73,886 and the area is 739.686 km2.

## Etymology

[edit]

The origin of the city name is a mystery. Câmara Cascudo, one of the most important historians in Brazil, gives some alternatives from other authors, with all the alternatives leading to the Tupi language.[2] José de Alencar suggests us that Ceará comes from the Tupi expression cê-ará, meaning "the parrot speaks" or "the parrot sings". Teodoro Sampaio gives us ceará or cemo-ará, which is "the parrot leaves" or "the parrot's departure". There are also the versions of Paulino Nogueira and João Brigido, who suggest, respectively, çoô-ará and ciri-ará, that are "truly hunting time" and "white crab".

## History

[edit]

The area was inhabited by indigenous people before the arrival of the Portuguese. In the 17th century the Society of Jesus settled here. The founding of the town came in 1755.

Initially inhabited by indigenous people (Potiguars) next to the riverside of the Ryo Seara,[3] later, the Ceará-Mirim River. The Potiguars made their first contacts with the European world by the trade of pau-brasil wood with the French and Spanish people. Later, with the consolidation of the colony of Brazil, it was occupied by the Portuguese people.

The region of the Ryo Seara was occupied because the land was good for agriculture, and some farming and cattle raising took place. By the 18th century there were many sesmarias (special Portuguese concession of lands for agriculture and cattle development) completely dividing the region with the biggest or the smallest utility. The first mills of Ceará-Mirim emerged after 1840, but by 1858, when the transference of the headquarters occurred, there were remarkable industrial and livestock developments.

In the letters of the Ouvidor Domingos Monteiro da Rocha,[4] in July 1757, he included the Povoação do Ceará-Mirim (Ceará-Mirim village), where he says "with many residents". The first school emerged only in 1858, installed at Bôca da Mata, Extremoz county. The first meeting of the city council occurred on 14 October 1858, in Ceará-Mirim Village.[5]

## Climate

[edit]

Climate data for Ceará-Mirim (1981–2010)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 31.5
(88.7)  | 31.7
(89.1)  | 31.4
(88.5)  | 30.7
(87.3)  | 30.3
(86.5)  | 29.3
(84.7)  | 29.0
(84.2)  | 29.3
(84.7)  | 30.1
(86.2)  | 30.9
(87.6)  | 31.4
(88.5)  | 31.7
(89.1)  | 30.6
(87.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | 27.0
(80.6)  | 27.0
(80.6)  | 26.9
(80.4)  | 26.4
(79.5)  | 26.0
(78.8)  | 25.0
(77.0)  | 24.5
(76.1)  | 24.5
(76.1)  | 25.2
(77.4)  | 26.0
(78.8)  | 26.4
(79.5)  | 26.9
(80.4)  | 26.0
(78.8)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | 22.8
(73.0)  | 22.8
(73.0)  | 23.0
(73.4)  | 22.8
(73.0)  | 22.3
(72.1)  | 21.5
(70.7)  | 20.8
(69.4)  | 20.6
(69.1)  | 20.9
(69.6)  | 21.5
(70.7)  | 22.0
(71.6)  | 22.5
(72.5)  | 22.0
(71.6)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 89.2
(3.51)  | 88.9
(3.50)  | 185.5
(7.30)  | 200.5
(7.89)  | 182.2
(7.17)  | 229.3
(9.03)  | 169.6
(6.68)  | 83.9
(3.30)  | 32.5
(1.28)  | 13.7
(0.54)  | 19.5
(0.77)  | 19.8
(0.78)  | 1,314.6
(51.76)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 7  | 7  | 13  | 15  | 13  | 14  | 13  | 9  | 6  | 3  | 3  | 4  | 107
Average relative humidity (%)  | 76.8  | 77.7  | 79.2  | 82.3  | 82.9  | 84.0  | 82.7  | 80.8  | 77.5  | 74.4  | 74.3  | 74.9  | 79.0
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 238.3  | 216.1  | 215.4  | 190.6  | 208.7  | 180.2  | 201.3  | 234.2  | 255.2  | 277.0  | 273.5  | 279.4  | 2,769.9
Source: Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia[6]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ IBGE 2020
2. ^ Book: Nomes da Terra: História, Geografia e Toponímia do Rio Grande do Norte, Câmara Cascudo, p. 82
3. ^ Book: Nomes da Terra: História, Geografia e Toponímia do Rio Grande do Norte, Câmara Cascudo, p. 172
4. ^ Documentos manuscritos avulsos da Capitania de Pernambuco
5. ^ Book: Nomes da Terra: História, Geografia e Toponímia do Rio Grande do Norte, Câmara Cascudo, p. 172
6. ^ "Normais Climatológicas Do Brasil 1981–2010" (in Portuguese). Instituto Nacional de Meteorologia. Retrieved 21 May 2024.

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Municipalities of Rio Grande do Norte

Capital: Natal

Mesoregion
Agreste Potiguar|

| Agreste Potiguar|

* Bom Jesus
* Brejinho
* Ielmo Marinho
* Boa Saúde
* Lagoa d'Anta
* Lagoa de Pedras
* Lagoa Salgada
* Monte Alegre
* Nova Cruz
* Passa e Fica
* Passagem
* Presidente Juscelino
* Riachuelo
* Santa Maria
* Santo Antônio
* São Paulo do Potengi
* São Pedro
* Senador Elói de Souza
* Serrinha
* Jundiá
* Várzea
* Vera Cruz

|

Baixa Verde|

* Bento Fernandes
* Jandaíra
* João Câmara
* Parazinho
* Poço Branco

Borborema Potiguar|

* Barcelona
* Campo Redondo
* Coronel Ezequiel
* Jaçanã
* Japi
* Lagoa de Velhos
* Lajes Pintadas
* Monte das Gameleiras
* Ruy Barbosa
* Santa Cruz
* São Bento do Trairi
* São José do Campestre
* São Tomé
* Serra de São Bento
* Sítio Novo
* Tangará

Mesoregion
Central Potiguar|

| Angicos|

* Afonso Bezerra
* Angicos
* Caiçara do Rio do Vento
* Fernando Pedroza
* Jardim de Angicos
* Lajes
* Pedra Preta
* Pedro Avelino

|

Macau|

* São Bento do Norte
* Galinhos
* Guamaré
* Macau
* Caiçara do Norte

Seridó Ocidental|

* Caicó
* Ipueira
* Jardim de Piranhas
* São Fernando
* São João do Sabugi
* Serra Negra do Norte
* Timbaúba dos Batistas

Seridó Oriental|

* Acari
* Carnaúba dos Dantas
* Cruzeta
* Currais Novos
* Equador
* Jardim do Seridó
* Ouro Branco
* Parelhas
* Santana do Seridó
* São José do Seridó

Serra de Santana|

* Bodó
* Cerro Corá
* Florânia
* Lagoa Nova
* Santana do Matos
* São Vicente
* Tenente Laurentino Cruz

Mesoregion
Leste Potiguar|

| Litoral Nordeste|

* Maxaranguape
* Pedra Grande
* Pureza
* Rio do Fogo
* São Miguel do Gostoso
* Taipu
* Touros

|

Litoral Sul|

* Arês
* Baía Formosa
* Canguaretama
* Espírito Santo
* Goianinha
* Montanhas
* Pedro Velho
* Senador Georgino Avelino
* Tibau do Sul
* Vila Flor

Macaíba|

* Ceará-Mirim
* Macaíba
* Nísia Floresta
* São Gonçalo do Amarante
* São José de Mipibu

Natal|

* Extremoz
* Natal
* Parnamirim

Mesoregion
Oeste Potiguar|

| Chapada do Apodi|

* Apodi
* Caraúbas
* Felipe Guerra
* Governador Dix-Sept Rosado

|

Medio Oeste|

* Campo Grande
* Janduís
* Messias Targino
* Paraú
* Triunfo Potiguar
* Upanema

Mossoró|

* Areia Branca
* Baraúna
* Grossos
* Mossoró
* Serra do Mel
* Tibau

Pau dos Ferros|

* Alexandria
* Francisco Dantas
* Itaú
* José da Penha
* Marcelino Vieira
* Paraná
* Pau dos Ferros
* Pilões
* Portalegre
* Rafael Fernandes
* Riacho da Cruz
* Rodolfo Fernandes
* São Francisco do Oeste
* Severiano Melo
* Taboleiro Grande
* Tenente Ananias
* Viçosa

Serra de São Miguel|

* Água Nova
* Coronel João Pessoa
* Doutor Severiano
* Encanto
* Luís Gomes
* Major Sales
* Riacho de Santana
* São Miguel
* Venha-Ver

Umarizal|

* Almino Afonso
* Antônio Martins
* Frutuoso Gomes
* João Dias
* Lucrécia
* Martins
* Olho-d'Água do Borges
* Patu
* Rafael Godeiro
* Serrinha dos Pintos
* Umarizal

Vale do Açu|

* Assu
* Alto do Rodrigues
* Carnaubais
* Ipanguaçu
* Itajá
* Jucurutu
* Pendências
* Porto do Mangue
* São Rafael

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