CentOS

Linux distribution based on Red Hat Enterprise Linux

This article is about the discontinued operating system. For the similarly-named but more upstream-focused distribution, see CentOS Stream. For the Polish-Jewish children's-aid society, see CENTOS (charity).

Linux distribution

CentOS

GNOME Shell as the default desktop environment in CentOS 8.5

Developer| The CentOS Project
(affiliated with Red Hat)
OS family| Linux (Unix-like)
Working state| Discontinued
Source model| Open source
Initial release| 14 May 2004; 20 years ago (2004-05-14)[1]
Final release|

* 8.5.2111[2] (16 November 2021; 3 years ago (2021-11-16)) [±]
* 7.9-2009[3] (12 November 2020; 4 years ago (2020-11-12)) [±]

Marketing target| Servers, desktop computers, workstations, supercomputers
Update method| Release Candidate
Package manager| dnf (command line); PackageKit (graphical); .rpm (binaries format)
Platforms| x86-64, ARM64, and ppc64le[a]
Kernel type| Monolithic (Linux kernel)
Default
user interface| Bash, GNOME Shell[4]
License| GNU GPL and other licenses
Succeeded by| CentOS Stream, AlmaLinux, Rocky Linux
Official website| centos.org

CentOS (/ˈsɛntɒs/, from Community Enterprise Operating System; also known as CentOS Linux)[5][6] is a discontinued Linux distribution that provided a free and open-source community-supported computing platform, functionally compatible with its upstream source, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL).[7][8] In January 2014, CentOS announced the official joining with Red Hat while staying independent from RHEL,[9] under a new CentOS governing board.[10][11]

The first CentOS release in May 2004, numbered as CentOS version 2, was forked from RHEL version 2.1AS.[1] Since version 8, CentOS officially supports the x86-64, ARM64, and POWER8 architectures, and releases up to version 6 also supported the IA-32 architecture. As of December 2015[update], AltArch releases of CentOS 7 are available for the IA-32 architecture, Power ISA, and for the ARMv7hl and AArch64 variants of the ARM architecture.[12][13] CentOS 8 was released on 24 September 2019.[14]

In December 2020, Red Hat unilaterally terminated CentOS development[15][16][17][18] in favor of CentOS Stream 9, a distribution positioned upstream of RHEL.[19] In March 2021, CloudLinux (makers of CloudLinux OS) released a RHEL derivative called AlmaLinux.[20] Later in May 2021, one of the CentOS founders (Gregory Kurtzer) created the competing Rocky Linux project as a successor to the original mission of CentOS.[21]

## History

[edit]

CentOS originated as a build of CAOS Linux, an RPM-based Linux distribution started by Gregory Kurtzer in 2002.[22][23][24] Infiscale described its GravityOS as "[including] the small footprint of Caos",[25] indicating a certain level of influence from the discontinued distribution.

In June 2006, David Parsley, the primary developer of Tao Linux (another RHEL clone), announced the retirement of Tao Linux and its rolling into CentOS development. Tao users migrated to the CentOS release via yum update.[26]

In July 2009, it was reported in an open letter on the CentOS Project web site that one of CentOS's founders, Lance Davis, had disappeared in 2008. Davis had ceased contribution to the project, but continued to hold the registration for the CentOS domain and PayPal account. In August 2009, the CentOS team reportedly made contact with Davis and obtained the centos.info and centos.org domains.[27]

In July 2010, CentOS overtook Debian to become the most popular Linux distribution for web servers, with almost 30% of all Linux web servers using it.[28] Debian retook the lead in January 2012.[29]

In January 2014, Red Hat announced that it would sponsor the CentOS Project, "helping to establish a platform well-suited to the needs of open source developers that integrate technologies in and around the operating system".[30] As a result of these changes, ownership of CentOS trademarks was transferred to Red Hat,[31] which now employs most of the CentOS head developers; however, they work as part of Red Hat's Open Source and Standards team, which operates separately from the Red Hat Enterprise Linux team.[9] A new CentOS governing board was also established.[10]

On 8 December 2020, the CentOS Project announced that the distribution would be discontinued at the end of 2021 in order to focus on CentOS Stream.[32] The community's response to this announcement was overwhelmingly negative. Soon thereafter, Gregory Kurtzer (one of CentOS's founders) announced a new project to continue the original CentOS focus, which became known as Rocky Linux.[21] CloudLinux created AlmaLinux to provide a community-supported successor to CentOS Linux, aiming for binary-compatibility with the current version of RHEL.[33] A beta version of AlmaLinux was first released on February 1, 2021,[34] and the first stable release of AlmaLinux was published on March 30, 2021.[35] A beta version of Rocky Linux was released on April 30, 2021,[36] and subsequently on June 21, 2021, the stable release of Rocky Linux 8.4 was released.[37]

## Design

[edit]

CentOS developers use Red Hat's source code to create a final product very similar to RHEL. Red Hat's branding and logos are changed because Red Hat does not allow them to be redistributed.[38] CentOS is available free of charge. Technical support is primarily provided by the community via official mailing lists, web forums, and chat rooms.

The project is affiliated with Red Hat but aspires to be more public, open, and inclusive. While Red Hat employs most of the CentOS head developers, the CentOS Project itself relies on donations from users and organizational sponsors.[9]

## Versioning and releases

[edit]

### CentOS releases

[edit]

CentOS version numbers for releases older than 7.0 have two parts, a major version and a minor version, which correspond to the major version and update set of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) used to build a particular CentOS release. For example, CentOS 6.5 is built from the source packages of RHEL 6 update 5 (also known as RHEL version 6.5), which is a so-called "point release" of RHEL 6.[39]

Starting with version 7.0, CentOS version numbers also include a third part that indicates the monthstamp of the source code the release is based on. For example, version number 7.0-1406 still maps this CentOS release to the zeroth update set of RHEL 7, while "1406" indicates that the source code this release is based on dates from June 2014. Using the monthstamp allows installation images to be reissued for (as of July 2014[update]) oncoming container and cloud releases, while maintaining a connection to the related base release version.[40]

Since mid-2006 and starting with RHEL version 4.4, which is formally known as Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.0 update 4, Red Hat has adopted a version-naming convention identical to that used by CentOS (for example, RHEL 4.5 or RHEL 6.5).[41]

On 10 September 2019 CentOS deferred CentOS 8.1 work for CentOS 7.7 since CentOS 7.x was in production and CentOS 8.x was not in production. Once CentOS 7.7 was released resources moved back to CentOS 8.0.

On 24 September 2019 CentOS officially released CentOS version 8.0. Since CentOS was discontinued at the end of 2021, its final release was version 8.5 (2021-11-16). In contrast, its RHEL counterpart continued to version 8.10 (as of 2024-09).

#### End-of-support schedule

[edit]

According to the Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) life cycle,[42] CentOS 5, 6 and 7 will be "maintained for up to 10 years" as it is based on RHEL.[43] Previously, CentOS 4 had been supported for seven years.[44]

CentOS
version  | Release
date  | Full
updates[45][46] | Maintenance
updates[45][46]

|
|
|

3  | 2004-03-19  | 2006-07-20  | 2010-10-31 [47]
4  | 2005-03-09  | 2009-03-31  | 2012-02-29[47] [b]
5  | 2007-04-12  | 2014-01-31  | 2017-03-31[47] [c]
6  | 2011-11-27  | 2017-05-10  | 2020-11-30[47]
7  | 2014-07-07  | 2020-08-06  | 2024-06-30[47]
8  | 2019-09-24  | 2021-12-31[48]

#### Older version information

[edit]

CentOS version  | Architectures  | RHEL base  | Kernel  | CentOS release date  | RHEL release date  | Delay (days)

|
|
|
|
|
|

2.1  | IA-32 | 2.1  | 2.4.9  | 2004-05-14[1] | 2002-05-17[49] | 728
3.1  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x | 3.1  | 2.4.21-15  | 2004-03-19[50] | 2003-10-23[49] | 148
3.3  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x  | 3.3  | 2.4.21-20  | 2004-09-17  | 2004-09-03  | 14
3.4  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x  | 3.4  | 2.4.21-27  | 2005-01-23  | 2004-12-12  | 42
3.5  | IA-32  | 3.5  | 2.4.21-32  | 2005-06-10[51] | 2005-05-18  | 23
3.6  | IA-32  | 3.6  | 2.4.21-37  | 2005-11-01[52] | 2005-09-28  | 34
3.7  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x  | 3.7  | 2.4.21-40  | 2006-04-10[53] | 2006-03-17  | 23
3.8  | IA-32, x86-64  | 3.8  | 2.4.21-47  | 2006-08-25[54] | 2006-07-20  | 36
3.9  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x  | 3.9  | 2.4.21-50  | 2007-07-26[55] | 2007-06-15  | 41
4.0  | IA-32, x86-64, various  | 4.0  | 2.6.9-5  | 2005-03-09[56] | 2005-02-14[57] | 23
4.1  | IA-32, IA-64, s390  | 4.1  | 2.6.9-11  | 2005-06-12[58] | 2005-06-08  | 4
4.2  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x, alpha  | 4.2  | 2.6.9-22  | 2005-10-13[59] | 2005-10-05  | 8
4.3  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, s390, s390x  | 4.3  | 2.6.9-34  | 2006-03-21[60] | 2006-03-12  | 9
4.4  | IA-32, x86-64  | 4.4  | 2.6.9-42  | 2006-08-30[61] | 2006-08-10  | 20
4.5  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64  | 4.5  | 2.6.9-55  | 2007-05-17[62] | 2007-05-01  | 16
4.6  | IA-32, x86-64, IA-64, Alpha, s390, s390x, PowerPC (beta), SPARC (beta)  | 4.6  | 2.6.9-67  | 2007-12-16[63] | 2007-11-16[64] | 30
4.7  | IA-32, x86-64  | 4.7  | 2.6.9-78  | 2008-09-13[65] | 2008-07-24[66] | 51
4.8  | IA-32, x86-64  | 4.8  | 2.6.9-89  | 2009-08-21[67] | 2009-05-18[68] | 95
4.9  | IA-32, x86-64  | 4.9  | 2.6.9-100  | 2011-03-02[69] | 2011-02-16[70] | 14
5.0  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.0  | 2.6.18-8  | 2007-04-12[71] | 2007-03-14[72] | 28
5.1  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.1  | 2.6.18-53  | 2007-12-02[73] | 2007-11-07[74] | 25
5.2  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.2  | 2.6.18-92  | 2008-06-24[75] | 2008-05-21[76] | 34
5.3  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.3  | 2.6.18-128  | 2009-03-31[77] | 2009-01-20[78] | 69
5.4  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.4  | 2.6.18-164  | 2009-10-21[79] | 2009-09-02[80] | 49
5.5  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.5  | 2.6.18-194  | 2010-05-14[81] | 2010-03-31[82] | 44
5.6  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.6  | 2.6.18-238  | 2011-04-08[83] | 2011-01-13[84] | 85
5.7  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.7  | 2.6.18-274  | 2011-09-13[85] | 2011-07-21[86] | 54
5.8  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.8  | 2.6.18-308  | 2012-03-07[87] | 2012-02-21[88] | 15
5.9  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.9  | 2.6.18-348  | 2013-01-17[89] | 2013-01-07[90] | 10
5.10  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.10  | 2.6.18-371  | 2013-10-19[91] | 2013-09-30[92] | 19
5.11  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.11  | 2.6.18-398  | 2014-09-30[93] | 2014-09-16[94] | 14
6.0[95] | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.0  | 2.6.32-71  | 2011-07-10[96] | 2010-11-10[97] | 242
6.1  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.1  | 2.6.32-131  | 2011-12-09[98] | 2011-05-19[99] | 204
6.2  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.2  | 2.6.32-220  | 2011-12-20[100] | 2011-12-06[101] | 14
6.3[102] | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.3  | 2.6.32-279  | 2012-07-09[103] | 2012-06-21[104] | 18
6.4  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.4  | 2.6.32-358  | 2013-03-09[105] | 2013-02-21[106] | 15
6.5  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.5  | 2.6.32-431  | 2013-12-01[107] | 2013-11-21[108] | 10
6.6  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.6  | 2.6.32-504  | 2014-10-28[109] | 2014-10-14[110] | 14
6.7  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.7  | 2.6.32-573  | 2015-08-07[111] | 2015-07-22[112] | 16
6.8  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.8  | 2.6.32-642  | 2016-05-25[113] | 2016-05-10[114] | 15
6.9  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.9  | 2.6.32-696[115] | 2017-04-05[116] | 2017-03-21[117] | 15
6.10[118] | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.10  | 2.6.32-754[119] | 2018-07-03[120] | 2018-06-19[121] | 14

##### CentOS version 7

[edit]

CentOS version  | Architectures  | RHEL base  | Kernel  | CentOS release date  | RHEL release date  | Delay (days)

|
|
|
|
|
|

7.0-1406[122] | x86-64[123][d] | 7.0  | 3.10.0-123  | 2014-07-07[40] | 2014-06-10[124] | 27
7.1-1503  | x86-64  | 7.1  | 3.10.0-229  | 2015-03-31[125][126] | 2015-03-05[127] | 26
7.2-1511  | x86-64  | 7.2  | 3.10.0-327  | 2015-12-14[128][129] | 2015-11-19[130] | 25
7.3-1611  | x86-64  | 7.3  | 3.10.0-514  | 2016-12-12[131] | 2016-11-03[132] | 39
7.4-1708  | x86-64  | 7.4  | 3.10.0-693  | 2017-09-13[133] | 2017-07-31[134][115] | 43
7.5-1804  | x86-64  | 7.5  | 3.10.0-862  | 2018-05-10[135] | 2018-04-10[136][115] | 31
7.6-1810  | x86-64  | 7.6  | 3.10.0-957  | 2018-12-03[137] | 2018-10-30[138][115] | 34
7.7-1908  | x86-64  | 7.7  | 3.10.0-1062  | 2019-09-17[139] | 2019-08-06[140][115] | 42
7.8-2003  | x86-64  | 7.8  | 3.10.0-1127  | 2020-04-27[141] | 2020-03-30[142][115] | 28
7.9-2009  | x86-64  | 7.9  | 3.10.0-1160  | 2020-11-12[143] | 2020-09-29[144][115] | 44

#### Latest version information

[edit]

##### CentOS version 8

[edit]

CentOS version  | Architectures  | RHEL base  | Kernel  | CentOS release date  | RHEL release date  | Delay (days)

|
|
|
|
|
|

8.0-1905  | x86-64, ppc64le, AArch64  | 8.0  | 4.18.0-80  | 2019-09-24[14] | 2019-05-07[145][115] | 140
8.1-1911  | 8.1  | 4.18.0-147  | 2020-01-15[146] | 2019-11-05[147][115] | 71
8.2-2004  | 8.2  | 4.18.0-193  | 2020-06-15[148] | 2020-04-28[149][115] | 48
8.3-2011  | 8.3  | 4.18.0-240  | 2020-12-07[150] | 2020-11-03[151][115] | 34
8.4-2105  | 8.4  | 4.18.0-305  | 2021-06-03[152] | 2021-05-18[153][115] | 16
8.5-2111  | 8.5  | 4.18.0-348  | 2021-11-16  | 2021-11-09  | 7

### AltArch releases

[edit]

AltArch releases are released by the Alternative Architecture Special Interest Group (AltArch SIG) to support architectures that are not supported by the base CentOS releases.

CentOS version  | Architectures  | RHEL base  | CentOS release date

|
|
|

7.1-1503  | AArch64  | 7.1  | 2015-08-04[13]
IA-32  | 2015-10-12[154]
7.2-1511  | IA-32  | 7.2  | 2015-12-19[12]
ARMv7hl  | 2015-12-19[12]
PowerPC64 (TechPreview)  | 2015-12-19[12]
POWER8 (le) (TechPreview)  | 2015-12-19[12]
7.3-1611  | ARMv7hl  | 7.3  | 2016-12-14
POWER8 (le)  | 2016-12-22
AArch64  | 2017-01-04
IA-32  | 2017-01-27
7.4-1708  | ARMv7hl  | 7.4  | 2017-09-13[155]
POWER8 (le)  | 2017-09-14[156]
POWER7 | 2017-09-14[157]
AArch64  | 2017-09-13[158]
IA-32  | 2017-10-12[159]
7.5-1804  | ARMv7hl  | 7.5  | 2018-05-10[160]
POWER8 LE  | 2018-05-10[135]
POWER7  | 2018-05-10[135]
AArch64  | 2018-05-10[135]
IA-32  | 2018-05-10[135]
7.6-1810  | ARMv7hl  | 7.6  | 2018-12-03[161]
POWER8 (le)  | 2018-12-03[162]
PowerPC9  | 2018-12-03[162]
AArch64  | 2018-12-03[162]
IA-32  | 2018-12-03[162]
7.7-1908  | ARMv7hl  | 7.7  | 2019-09-17[163]
POWER7  | 2019-09-17[163]
POWER8 (le)  | 2019-09-17[163]
POWER9 | 2019-09-17[163]
AArch64  | 2019-09-17[163]
IA-32  | 2019-09-17[163]

### Add-ons releases

[edit]

Software Collections (SCL) is a CentOS repository that provides a set of programming languages, database servers, and various related packages. Provided software versions are either more recent than their equivalent versions included in the base CentOS distribution, or are made available as official CentOS packages for the first time.[164] (See also the list of CentOS repositories below.)

Packages available from the SCL do not replace the default system tools provided with CentOS. Instead, a parallel set of tools is installed in the /opt directory, and can be optionally enabled per application by using supplied scl utility. For example, the default versions of Perl or MySQL remain those provided by the base CentOS installation.[164]

Add-on name  | Architectures  | Base CentOS version  | CentOS release date  | RHEL release date  | Delay (days)

|
|
|
|
|

Software Collections (SCL) 1.0[165] | x86-64  | 6.4, 6.5[166] | 2014-02-19[166] | 2013-09-12[165] | 160
Developer Toolset 2.0[167] | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.4  | —[168] | 2013-09-12[167] | —

### Releases without upstream equivalents

[edit]

Some of the ISO images released by the CentOS Project have no direct upstream equivalents. They are created for specific purposes, such as for providing a live bootable image, or for providing a reduced-size installation medium. In addition to those listed below, there are also AltArch releases, which also have no direct upstream equivalents.

LiveCD and LiveDVD images contain a bootable compressed file system, created by a set of custom scripts[169] using a kickstart configuration file.[170] These live images can be also installed to hard disk, thus obtaining a fully functional CentOS installation. The set of packages installed that way on a hard disk can not be adjusted during the installation, as that is a simple transfer of the image existing on CD/DVD, to a hard disk. After booting from hard disk, yum can be used for adding or removing packages.[171]

MinimalCD images contain a minimum of packages required for a functional installation, with no compromises in security or network usability. These minimal images use the standard CentOS installer with all of its regular features minus the selection of packages. Yum can be used after the installation is completed to add or remove packages.[172][173]

CentOS version  | Release name  | Architectures  | RHEL base  | CentOS release date

|
|
|
|

4.7  | Server  | IA-32, x86-64  | 4.7  | 2008-10-17[174]
5.1  | Live CD  | IA-32  | 5.1  | 2008-02-18[175]
5.2  | Live CD  | IA-32  | 5.2  | 2008-07-17[176]
5.3  | Live CD  | IA-32  | 5.3  | 2009-05-27[177]
5.5  | Live CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.5  | 2010-05-14[81]
5.6  | Live CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 5.6  | 2011-04-08[83]
6.0  | Live CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.0  | 2011-07-25[178]
Live DVD  | 2011-07-27[179]
Minimal CD  | 2011-07-28[173]
6.1  | Live CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.1  | 2011-12-09[180]
Live DVD  | 2011-12-09[181]
Minimal CD  | 2011-12-09[182]
6.2  | Live CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.2  | 2011-12-20[183]
Live DVD  | 2011-12-20[183]
Minimal CD  | 2011-12-20[100]
6.3  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.3  | 2012-07-09[103]
Live CD  | 2012-07-15
Live DVD  | 2012-07-15
6.4  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.4  | 2013-03-09[105]
Live CD  | 2013-05-22[184]
Live DVD  | 2013-05-22[184]
6.5  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.5  | 2013-12-01[107]
Live CD  | 2013-12-01[107]
Live DVD  | 2013-12-01[107]
6.6  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.6  | 2014-10-28[109]
6.7  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.7  | 2015-08-07[111]
Live CD  | 2015-08-11[185]
Live DVD  | 2013-08-11[185]
6.8  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.8  | 2016-05-25[113]
Live CD  | 2016-05-25[113]
Live DVD  | 2016-05-25[113]
6.9  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.9  | 2017-04-05[116]
Live DVD  | 2017-04-05[116]
6.10  | Minimal CD  | IA-32, x86-64  | 6.10  | 2018-07-03[120]
Live DVD  | 2018-07-03[120]
7.0-1406[186] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.0  | 2014-07-21[187]
Live CD  | 2014-07-07[40]
Gnome Live  | 2014-07-07[40]
KDE Live  | 2014-07-07[40]
7.1-1503[188] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.1  | 2015-03-31[125]
Live CD  | 2015-03-31[125]
Gnome Live  | 2015-03-31[125]
KDE Live  | 2015-03-31[125]
7.2-1511[189] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.2  | 2015-12-14[128]
Gnome Live  | 2015-12-14[128]
KDE Live  | 2015-12-14[128]
7.3-1611[190] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.3  | 2016-12-12[131]
Gnome Live  | 2016-12-12[131]
KDE Live  | 2016-12-12[131]
7.4-1708[191] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.4  | 2017-09-13[133]
Gnome Live  | 2017-09-13[133]
KDE Live  | 2017-09-13[133]
7.5-1804[192] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.5  | 2018-05-10[135]
Gnome Live  | 2018-05-10[135]
KDE Live  | 2018-05-10[135]
7.6-1810[193] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.6  | 2018-12-03[137]
Gnome Live  | 2018-12-03[137]
KDE Live  | 2018-12-03[137]
7.7-1908[194] | Minimal  | x86-64  | 7.7  | 2019-09-17[139]
Gnome Live  | 2019-09-17[139]
KDE Live  | 2019-09-17[139]

## Special interest groups

[edit]

Special interest groups (SIGs) are organized portions of the CentOS community that open paths for building specialized variants of CentOS, which fulfill specific sets of requirements. SIGs have the freedom to modify and enhance CentOS in various ways, including adding more cutting-edge software, rebuilding existing packages depending on the requirements, providing alternative desktop environments, or making CentOS available on otherwise unsupported architectures.[195]

## Architectures

[edit]

As of version 8, CentOS fully supports x86-64, POWER8 and 64-bit ARM architectures,[196] while the following architectures are not supported:

* IA-32 in all variants, not supported since CentOS 7
* IA-32 without Physical Address Extension (PAE), not supported since CentOS 6
* IA-64 (Intel Itanium architecture), was supported in CentOS 3 and 4
* 32-bit PowerPC (Apple Macintosh and PowerMac running the G3 or G4 PowerPC processor), beta support was available in CentOS 4
* IBM Mainframe (eServer zSeries and S/390), not supported since CentOS 5
* Alpha, support was available in CentOS 4
* SPARC, beta support was available in CentOS 4

As of December 2015[update], AltArch releases of CentOS 7 are available for the ARMv7hl and AArch64 variants of the ARM architecture,[13] and plans exist for supporting other variants of the ARM architecture. ARM support is a community effort coordinated through the AltArch SIG.[13][197] AltArch releases of CentOS 7 are also available for the IA-32 architecture and Power ISA (POWER7 and POWER8 chips).[12]

A Live CD version of CentOS is available at mirror.centos.org. A bootable Live USB image of CentOS can be created manually or with UNetbootin.

CentOS images are also available on Amazon's EC2 cloud, in form of prebuilt and already published Amazon Machine Images (AMIs).[198][199]

## Repositories

[edit]

There are three primary CentOS repositories (also known as channels), containing software packages that make up the main CentOS distribution:[200]

* `base` : contains packages that form CentOS point releases, and gets updated when the actual point release is formally made available in form of ISO images.
* `updates` : contains packages that serve as security, bugfix or enhancement updates, issued between the regular update sets for point releases. Bugfix and enhancement updates released this way are only those unsuitable to be released through the `CentOS-Fasttrack` repository described below.[201][202]
* `addons` : provides packages required for building the packages that make up the main CentOS distribution, but are not provided by the upstream.[e]

The CentOS Project provides several additional repositories that contain software packages not provided by the default `base` and `updates` repositories. Those repositories include the following:[203]

* `CentOS Extras` : contains packages that provide additional functionality to CentOS without breaking its upstream compatibility or updating the base components.
* `CentOSPlus` : contains packages that actually upgrade certain base CentOS components, changing CentOS so that it is not exactly like the upstream provider's content.
* `CentOS-Testing` : serves as a proving ground for packages on their way to `CentOSPlus` and `CentOS Extras`. Offered packages may or may not replace core CentOS packages, and are not guaranteed to work properly.
* `CentOS-Fasttrack` : contains bugfix and enhancement updates issued from time to time, between the regular update sets for point releases. The packages released this way serve as close candidates for the inclusion into the next point release. This repository does not provide security updates, and does not contain packages unsuitable for uncertain inclusion into point releases.[201][202][204]
* `CR` (Continuous Release) : makes generally available packages that will appear in the next point release of CentOS. The packages are made available on a testing and hotfix basis, until the actual point release is formally released in form of ISO images.[205]
* `debuginfo` : Contains packages with debugging symbols generated when the primary packages were built.
* `contrib` : Contains packages contributed by CentOS users that do not overlap with any of the core distribution packages.
* `Software Collections` : Provides versions of software newer than those provided by the base distribution, see above for more details.

## CentOS Stream

[edit]

Main article: CentOS Stream

Wikinews has related news:

* Red Hat to move focus away from CentOS in favour of Stream; CentOS team discuss implications with Wikinews

CentOS Stream is a "continuously delivered distro that tracks just ahead of Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) development, positioned as a midstream between Fedora Linux and RHEL."[206] which is designed for "anyone interested in participating and collaborating in the RHEL ecosystem".[206]

Because prior CentOS releases were derived directly from RHEL (RHEL was essentially upstream of CentOS), Stream thus represents a change from prior CentOS releases, being situated between the upstream development in Fedora and the downstream development for RHEL. That said, CentOS Stream 9 and RHEL 9 started from the same codebase[207] and thus CentOS Stream could reasonably be seen as "closer" to RHEL than Fedora.

The initial release, CentOS Stream 8, was released on 24 September 2019, at the same time as CentOS 8.[208] As CentOS 8 became unsupported, The CentOS Project provided a simple means of converting from CentOS Linux 8 to CentOS Stream 8.[209]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ CentOS versions older than 7.0-1406 had official support for i686 with Physical Address Extension (PAE), additional architectures were supported in the versions older than 4.7, and currently are provided by AltArch Special Interest Group
2. ^ An "Extended Life-cycle Support (ELS) Add-On Subscription" became available for a further 3 years (i.e. until 2015). The corresponding version of RHEL was on extended support until 31 March 2017.
3. ^ An "Extended Life-cycle Support (ELS) Add-On Subscription" is available for a further 3 years. The corresponding version of RHEL is on extended support until 30 November 2020.
4. ^ Installation images for i386, ARM and PowerPC are provided by AltArch Special Interest Group.
5. ^ This repository does not exist from CentOS 6.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c John Newbigin (14 May 2004). "CentOS-2 Final finally released". centos.org. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
2. ^ CentOS-announce - Announcing the latest release of CentOS Linux 8 (2111)
3. ^ CentOS-announce - Release for CentOS Linux 7 (2009) on the x86_64 Architecture
4. ^ Kibet, John (25 September 2019). "CentOS 8 rolls out - Here are CentOS 8 New features". Computing for Geeks. Retrieved 6 October 2019.
5. ^ "Community Profile–CentOS Project | Open Source Community". community.redhat.com. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
6. ^ "CentOS Forums - Index page". centos.org. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
7. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions about CentOS in general: 1. What is CentOS Linux?". centos.org. 12 October 2014. Archived from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 2 November 2014.
8. ^ "Red hat + CentOS". Red Hat. Retrieved 15 April 2014.
9. ^ a b c Karanbir Singh (7 January 2014). "CentOS Project joins forces with Red Hat". centos.org. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
10. ^ a b "CentOS Governance". centos.org. 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
11. ^ Karanbir Singh (9 December 2014). "Karanbir Singh: CentOS Linux: A Continuously integrating platform". Archived from the original on 7 November 2021. Retrieved 4 June 2016 - via YouTube.
12. ^ a b c d e f Singh, Karanbir (19 December 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS AltArch 7 (1511)". Retrieved 24 December 2015.
13. ^ a b c d Perrin, Jim (4 August 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS 7 on AArch64". Retrieved 1 November 2015.
14. ^ a b Karanbir Singh (24 September 2019). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 and CentOS Streams". centos.org. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
15. ^ "The killing of CentOS Linux: 'The CentOS board doesn't get to decide what Red Hat engineering teams do'". The Register. 26 January 2021. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
16. ^ "CentOS Linux is dead—and Red Hat says Stream is "not a replacement"". 10 December 2020.
17. ^ "Where do I go now that CentOS Linux is gone? Check our list". 11 December 2020.
18. ^ "Why Red Hat killed CentOS—a CentOS board member speaks". 26 January 2021.
19. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. "CentOS Linux 8 is about to die. What do you do next?". ZDNet. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
20. ^ Vinogradov, Alexander. "Announcing Open-sourced & Community-Driven RHEL Fork by CloudLinux". cloudlinux.com. Retrieved 28 January 2021.
21. ^ a b Anderson, Tim (10 December 2020). "Rocky Linux is go: CentOS founder's new project aims to be 100% compatible with Red Hat Enterprise Linux". The Register. Retrieved 12 December 2020.
22. ^ Jeffrey B. Layton (5 February 2009). "Caos NSA and Perceus: All-in-one Cluster Software Stack". Linux Magazine. Archived from the original on 10 February 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2014.
23. ^ "Gregory M. Kurtzer". gmkurtzer.github.io.
24. ^ Yau, Alex (4 March 2019). "Greg Kurtzer: Founder of the CentOS Project". ReadySpace. Archived from the original on 1 February 2021.
25. ^ Infiscale Product page in November 2013
26. ^ "Retirement of TaoLinux". centos.org. Archived from the original on 12 May 2013. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
27. ^ Perlow, Jason. "CentOS: Getting Their S#!t Together is a Top Priority". ZDNet.
28. ^ "The most popular Linux for Web servers is ..." (blog). Computerworld. 26 July 2010.
29. ^ "Debian is now the most popular Linux distribution on web servers". w3techs.com.
30. ^ "Red Hat and the CentOS Project Join Forces to Speed Open Source Innovation". Red Hat. 7 January 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2014. "Red Hat is once again extending its leadership in open source innovation by helping to establish a platform well-suited to the needs of open source developers that integrate technologies in and around the operating system."
31. ^ "Red Hat + CentOS - CentOS Trademark". Red Hat. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
32. ^ "CentOS Project ending support for CentOS 8 at the end of 2021". blog.centos.org. Archived from the original on 8 December 2020.
33. ^ AlmaLinux (26 January 2021). "Frequently asked questions". Retrieved 22 April 2021.
34. ^ "CloudLinux Releases AlmaLinux Beta" (Press release). 1 February 2021. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
35. ^ Vaughan-Nichols, Steven J. (30 March 2021). "CloudLinux Launches AlmaLinux, CentOS Linux clone". ZDNet. Retrieved 22 April 2021.
36. ^ "Rocky Linux 8.3 RC1 Available Now". Rocky Linux. 30 April 2021. Retrieved 1 May 2021.
37. ^ "Rocky Linux 8.4 Available Now". Rocky Linux. 21 June 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2021.
38. ^ "Red Hat License Agreements". Red Hat. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
39. ^ "What is the versioning/release scheme of CentOS and how does it compare to the upstream vendor?". centos.org. Archived from the original on 12 September 2019. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
40. ^ a b c d e Karanbir Singh (7 July 2014). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-7 on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 7 July 2014.
41. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux > AS/ES/WS Basics". Red Hat. Archived from the original on 14 October 2008. Retrieved 26 May 2014.
42. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle". Red Hat. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
43. ^ CentOS team (22 September 2012). "CentOS Wiki Frontpage". Retrieved 31 August 2016. "Each CentOS version is maintained perhaps for up to 10 years (by means of security updates -- the duration of the support interval by Red Hat has varied over time with respect to Sources released). A new CentOS version is released approximately every 2 years and each CentOS version is periodically updated (roughly every 6 months) to support newer hardware."
44. ^ CentOS team. "CentOS-4 i386 and x86_64 End of Life (EOL)".
45. ^ a b "CentOS Product Specifications: End of Lifetime (EOL) Dates". centos.org. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 15 July 2014.
46. ^ a b "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Life Cycle: Life Cycle Dates". Red Hat. Retrieved 9 November 2013.
47. ^ a b c d e "FAQ/General". CentOS Project. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 2 June 2020.
48. ^ "CentOS Project shifts focus to CentOS Stream". centos.org.
49. ^ a b "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Errata Support Policy". Red Hat. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
50. ^ Lance Davis (19 March 2004). "CentOS 3.1 has now been released". centos.org. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
51. ^ Lance Davis (10 June 2005). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 3.5 i386 is released". centos.org.
52. ^ Lance Davis (1 November 2005). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 3.6 is released". centos.org.
53. ^ Lance Davis (10 April 2006). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 3.7 is released". centos.org.
54. ^ Johnny Hughes (25 August 2006). "[CentOS-announce] Subject: CentOS 3.8 is released for i386 and x86_64". centos.org.
55. ^ "CentOS 3.9 is released for i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 26 July 2007. Retrieved 21 October 2008.
56. ^ "Distribution Release: CentOS 4". DistroWatch.com. 9 March 2005.
57. ^ "Distribution Release: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4". DistroWatch.com. 14 February 2005.
58. ^ Johnny Hughes (12 June 2005). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 4 i386 - CentOS 4.1 i386 is available". centos.org.
59. ^ Johnny Hughes (13 October 2005). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS-4.2 is Released for i386, x86_64, IA-64, s390, s390x and alpha architectures". centos.org.
60. ^ Johnny Hughes (21 March 2006). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 4.3 is Released for i386, x86_64, and IA-64". centos.org.
61. ^ Johnny Hughes (30 August 2006). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 4.4 is released for i386 and x86_64". centos.org.
62. ^ Johnny Hughes (17 May 2007). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 4.5 is released for i386, x86_64, and IA-64". centos.org.
63. ^ "Distribution Release: CentOS 4.6". DistroWatch.com. 16 December 2007. Retrieved 10 November 2008.
64. ^ "Distribution Release: Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.6". DistroWatch.com. 16 November 2007. Retrieved 10 November 2008.
65. ^ Johnny Hughes (13 September 2008). "CentOS 4.7 is released for i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
66. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.7 GA Announcement". Red Hat. 24 July 2008. Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
67. ^ Johnny Hughes (21 August 2009). "CentOS 4 i386 and x86_64 release of CentOS-4.8". centos.org.
68. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.8 GA Announcement". Red Hat. 18 May 2009. Archived from the original on 7 June 2011. Retrieved 12 March 2010.
69. ^ Johnny Hughes (2 March 2011). "CentOS 4 i386 and x86_64 release of CentOS-4.9". centos.org.
70. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 4.9 GA Announcement". Red Hat. 16 February 2011. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 3 March 2011.
71. ^ Karanbir Singh (12 April 2007). "Release for CentOS-5 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
72. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 Now Available". Red Hat. 15 March 2007. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
73. ^ Karanbir Singh (2 December 2007). "Release for CentOS-5.1 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
74. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.1 General Availability Announcement". Red Hat. 7 November 2007. Archived from the original on 19 January 2012. Retrieved 1 June 2008.
75. ^ Karanbir Singh (24 June 2008). "Release for CentOS-5.2 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 3 February 2009.
76. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.2 General Availability Announcement". Red Hat. 21 May 2008. Archived from the original on 16 March 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2009.
77. ^ Karanbir Singh (1 April 2009). "Release for CentOS-5.3 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 1 April 2009.
78. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.3 General Availability Announcement". Red Hat. 20 January 2009. Archived from the original on 8 January 2012. Retrieved 22 January 2009.
79. ^ Singh, Karanbir (21 October 2009). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-5.4 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 24 October 2009.
80. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.4 GA Announcement". Red Hat. 2 September 2009. Archived from the original on 31 March 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2009.
81. ^ a b Singh, Karanbir (14 May 2010). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-5.5 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 15 May 2010.
82. ^ Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 (Tikanga) announcement mailing-list (31 March 2010). "[rhelv5-announce] Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.5 GA Announcement". Archived from the original on 24 September 2011. Retrieved 15 May 2010.`{{cite web}}`: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
83. ^ a b "Release for CentOS-5.6 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 8 April 2011.
84. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5: 5.6 Release Notes". Retrieved 21 May 2014.
85. ^ "Release for CentOS-5.7 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 13 September 2011. Retrieved 13 September 2011.
86. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.7 Release Notes". 21 July 2011. Retrieved 21 July 2011.
87. ^ "Release for CentOS-5.8 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 7 March 2012. Retrieved 8 March 2012.
88. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.8 Release Notes". 21 February 2012. Retrieved 21 February 2012.
89. ^ "Release for CentOS-5.9 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 17 January 2013. Retrieved 17 January 2013.
90. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.9 Release Notes". 7 January 2013. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
91. ^ "Release for CentOS-5.10 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 19 October 2013. Retrieved 19 October 2013.
92. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.10 Release Notes". 30 September 2013. Retrieved 1 October 2013.
93. ^ "Release for CentOS-5.11 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 30 September 2014. Retrieved 30 September 2014.
94. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.11 Release Notes". 16 September 2014. Retrieved 16 September 2014.
95. ^ "CentOS 6 review | LinuxBSDos.com". linuxbsdos.com. 11 August 2011.
96. ^ "Release for CentOS-6.0 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 10 July 2011. Retrieved 10 July 2011.
97. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Now Available". Red Hat. 10 November 2010. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
98. ^ "Release for CentOS-6.1 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 9 December 2011. Retrieved 9 December 2011.
99. ^ "Red Hat Delivers Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.1". Red Hat. 19 May 2011. Retrieved 21 May 2014.
100. ^ a b "Release for CentOS-6.2 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 20 December 2011. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
101. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.2 Release Notes". Red Hat. 6 December 2011. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
102. ^ First look at CentOS 6.3, DistroWatch weekly.
103. ^ a b "Release for CentOS-6.3 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 9 July 2012. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
104. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.3 Release Notes". Red Hat. 21 June 2012. Retrieved 21 June 2012.
105. ^ a b "Release for CentOS-6.4 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 8 March 2013. Retrieved 8 March 2013.
106. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.4 Release Notes". Red Hat. 21 February 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2013.
107. ^ a b c d "Release for CentOS-6.5 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 1 December 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
108. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.5 Release Notes". Red Hat. 21 November 2013. Retrieved 21 November 2013.
109. ^ a b "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-6.6 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
110. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.6 Release Notes". Red Hat. 14 October 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2014.
111. ^ a b "Release for CentOS Linux 6.7 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 7 August 2015. Retrieved 7 August 2015.
112. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.7 Release Notes". Red Hat. 22 July 2015. Retrieved 22 July 2015.
113. ^ a b c d "Release for CentOS Linux 6.8 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 25 May 2016. Retrieved 25 May 2016.
114. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.8 Release Notes". Red Hat. 10 May 2016. Retrieved 14 May 2016.
115. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Release Dates". Red Hat.
116. ^ a b c "Release for CentOS Linux 6.9 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 5 April 2017. Retrieved 5 April 2017.
117. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.9 Release Notes". Red Hat. 21 March 2017. Retrieved 21 March 2017.
118. ^ "DistroWatch.com: Put the fun back into computing. Use Linux, BSD". distrowatch.com.
119. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.10 Release Notes". Red Hat.
120. ^ a b c "Release for CentOS Linux 6.10 i386 and x86_64". centos.org. 3 July 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2018.
121. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.10 Release Notes". Red Hat. 19 June 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
122. ^ "Looking in on CentOS 7". lwn.net.
123. ^ "Are 32-bit applications supported in RHEL 7? - Red Hat Customer Portal". Red Hat. 17 December 2013. Retrieved 20 June 2014.
124. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Release Notes". Red Hat. 10 June 2014. Retrieved 10 June 2014.
125. ^ a b c d e Karanbir Singh (31 March 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1503) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
126. ^ Karanbir Singh (1 April 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Update to Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1503)". centos.org. Retrieved 1 April 2015.
127. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.1 Release Notes". Red Hat. 5 March 2015. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
128. ^ a b c d Karanbir Singh (14 December 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1511) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
129. ^ Karanbir Singh (14 December 2015). "[CentOS-announce] Update to Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1511)". centos.org. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
130. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.2 Release Notes". Red Hat. 19 November 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2015.
131. ^ a b c d Karanbir Singh (12 December 2016). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1611) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 12 December 2016.
132. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3 Release Notes". Red Hat. 3 November 2016. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
133. ^ a b c d Karanbir Singh (13 September 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1708) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 13 September 2017.
134. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.4 Release Notes". Red Hat. 1 August 2017. Retrieved 12 September 2017.
135. ^ a b c d e f g h Karanbir Singh (10 May 2018). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1804) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
136. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.5 Release Notes". Red Hat. 10 April 2018. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
137. ^ a b c d Johnny Hughes (3 December 2018). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1810) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
138. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.6 Release Notes". Red Hat. 30 October 2018. Retrieved 30 October 2018.
139. ^ a b c d Johnny Hughes (17 September 2019). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1908) on x86_64". centos.org. Retrieved 17 September 2019.
140. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.7 Release Notes". Red Hat. 6 August 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2019.
141. ^ Johnny Hughes (27 April 2020). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (2003) on the x86_64 Architecture". centos.org. Retrieved 27 April 2020.
142. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.8 Release Notes". Red Hat. 30 March 2020. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
143. ^ Johnny Hughes (12 November 2020). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (2009) on the x86_64 Architecture". centos.org. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
144. ^ "Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.9 Release Notes". Red Hat. 29 September 2020. Retrieved 29 September 2020.
145. ^ "Release notes for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0". Red Hat. 7 May 2019. Retrieved 26 September 2019.
146. ^ Brian Stinson (15 January 2020). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 and CentOS Streams". centos.org. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
147. ^ "Release notes for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.1". Red Hat. 5 November 2019. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
148. ^ Brian Stinson (15 June 2020). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (2004)". centos.org. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
149. ^ "Release notes for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.2". Red Hat. 28 April 2020. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
150. ^ Brian Stinson (7 December 2020). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (2011)". centos.org. Retrieved 7 December 2020.
151. ^ "Release notes for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.3". Red Hat. 3 November 2020. Retrieved 14 November 2020.
152. ^ Rich Bowen (3 June 2021). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 8 (2105)". centos.org. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
153. ^ "Release notes for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4". Red Hat. 18 May 2021. Retrieved 3 June 2021.
154. ^ Hughes, Johnny (12 October 2015). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS Linux 7 for 32-bit x86 (i386) Architecture". Retrieved 1 November 2015.
155. ^ Arrotin, Fabian (13 September 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1708) on armhfp". Retrieved 17 January 2018.
156. ^ O'Connor, James (14 September 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1708) on ppc64le". Retrieved 17 January 2018.
157. ^ O'Connor, James (14 September 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1708) on ppc64". Retrieved 17 January 2018.
158. ^ Perrin, Jim (13 September 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS 7.4.1708 for AArch64/ARM64". Retrieved 17 January 2018.
159. ^ Hughes, Johnny (12 October 2017). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS AltArch 7 (1708) on i386 Architecture". Retrieved 17 January 2018.
160. ^ Arrotin, Fabian (10 May 2018). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1804) on armhfp". Retrieved 13 May 2018.
161. ^ Arrotin, Fabian (3 December 2018). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1810) on armhfp". Retrieved 12 February 2019.
162. ^ a b c d Arrotin, Fabian (3 December 2018). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1810) on aarch64 i386 ppc64le and power9". Retrieved 12 February 2019.
163. ^ a b c d e f Greco, Pablo (17 September 2019). "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS Linux 7 (1810) on armhfp aarch64 i386 ppc64 ppc64le and power9". Retrieved 17 September 2019.
164. ^ a b "Software Collections 1.0: Release Notes". centos.org. Archived from the original on 2 November 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
165. ^ a b "Red Hat Extends Red Hat Enterprise Linux Platform with Latest Versions of Popular Programming Languages and Databases". Red Hat. 12 September 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
166. ^ a b "[CentOS-announce] Software Collections for CentOS-6 (x86_64 only)". lists.centos.org. 19 February 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2014.
167. ^ a b "Red Hat Releases Red Hat Developer Toolset 2.0 with Update to GCC". Red Hat. 12 September 2013. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
168. ^ "[CentOS] RH developer toolset". lists.centos.org. 17 September 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
169. ^ "FedoraLiveCD". fedoraproject.org. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
170. ^ "CentOS LiveCD Project". centos.org. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
171. ^ "CentOS LiveDVD 6.4 Release Notes". centos.org. 17 May 2013. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
172. ^ "CentOS MinimalCD 6.0 Release Notes". centos.org. 5 October 2011. Retrieved 30 October 2013.
173. ^ a b Karanbir Singh (28 July 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.0 Minimal i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 29 July 2011.
174. ^ Karanbir Singh (17 October 2008). "CentOS 4.7 Server CD — i386 Released". Retrieved 23 January 2009.
175. ^ Patrice Guay (18 February 2008). "CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.1 i386 Live CD is released". Retrieved 25 March 2009.
176. ^ Patrice Guay (17 July 2008). "CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.2 i386 Live CD is released". Retrieved 3 February 2009.
177. ^ Singh, Karanbir (27 May 2009). "[CentOS-announce] CentOS 5 i386 - The CentOS-5.3 i386 Live CD is released". centos.org. Retrieved 22 June 2009.
178. ^ Karanbir Singh (25 July 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.0 LiveCD i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 25 July 2011.
179. ^ Karanbir Singh (27 July 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.0 LiveDVD i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 28 July 2011.
180. ^ Karanbir Singh (9 December 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.1 LiveCD i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 10 December 2011.
181. ^ Karanbir Singh (9 December 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.1 LiveDVD i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 10 December 2011.
182. ^ Karanbir Singh (9 December 2011). "Release for CentOS-6.1 Minimal i386 and x86_64". Retrieved 10 December 2011.
183. ^ a b "CentOS 6.2 Release Notes". 20 December 2011. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
184. ^ a b "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-6.4 LiveCD and LiveDVD for i386 and x86_64". 22 May 2013. Retrieved 2 June 2013.
185. ^ a b "[CentOS-announce] Release for CentOS-6.7 LiveCD and LiveDVD for i386 and x86_64". 11 August 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
186. ^ "List of images in /7.0.1406/isos/x86_64 directory". centos.org. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 14 December 2015.
187. ^ "[CentOS-announce] Announcing CentOS Minimal iso for CentOS 7.0.1406/x86_64". 21 July 2014. Retrieved 14 October 2019.
188. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.1.1503/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 1 April 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
189. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.2.1511/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 14 December 2015. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
190. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.3.1611/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 8 December 2016. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
191. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.4.1708/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 13 September 2017. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
192. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.5.1804/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
193. ^ "List of images in /centos/7.6.1810/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 9 May 2018. Retrieved 14 October 2019. Updated 18 April 2020
194. ^ "List of mirrors in /centos/7.7.1908/isos/x86_64/ directory". centos.org. 17 September 2019. Retrieved 18 April 2020.
195. ^ "Special Interest Groups". centos.org. 17 November 2014. Retrieved 2 January 2015.
196. ^ "About/Product - CentOS Wiki". CentOS Wiki. Archived from the original on 24 September 2016. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
197. ^ Singh, Karanbir (26 March 2014). "The ARM plan for CentOS". Archived from the original on 30 March 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
198. ^ "Cloud/AWS (CentOS documentation)". centos.org. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
199. ^ "[CentOS-announce] Updated AMI's for Amazon EC2 are now available". centos.org. 21 June 2013. Retrieved 18 October 2013.
200. ^ "Software Management Concepts: About Repositories (CentOS 5 manual)". centos.org. 24 November 2005. Archived from the original on 17 November 2014. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
201. ^ a b Johnny Hughes (6 April 2006). "[CentOS] CentOS FastTrack repository". lists.centos.org. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
202. ^ a b Jay Turner (3 April 2006). "Re: Fastrack channels?". redhat.com. Archived from the original on 20 August 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
203. ^ "Available Repositories for CentOS". centos.org. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
204. ^ "Red Hat Network (RHN) FasTrack". Red Hat. Archived from the original on 3 January 2015. Retrieved 16 December 2014.
205. ^ "The Continuous Release (CR) Repository". centos.org. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2013.
206. ^ a b "The CentOS Project". centos.org.
207. ^ "Introducing CentOS Stream 9". blog.centos.org.
208. ^ "Manuals/ReleaseNotes/CentOSStream - CentOS Wiki". wiki.centos.org. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 7 September 2020.
209. ^ "Convert to CentOS Stream 8". centos.org.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Membrey, Peter (2009). The Definitive Guide to CentOS. Apress. ISBN 978-1-4302-1930-9.
* Negus, Christopher; Timothy Boronczyk (2009). CentOS Bible. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-470-48165-3.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website

* v
* t
* e

Fedora Linux derivatives

Fedora Linux|

| Current|

* AlmaLinux
* Asahi Linux
* Berry Linux
* CentOS Stream
* EulerOS
* Koozali SME Server
* Miracle Linux
* Nobara Linux
* Oracle Linux
* Qubes OS
* Red Flag Linux
* Red Hat Enterprise Linux
* Red Star OS
* RedSleeve
* Rocky Linux

|

Defunct|

* Asianux
* BLAG Linux and GNU
* CentOS
* ClearOS
* Fermi Linux
* Fuduntu
* Inspur K-UX
* Korora
* Linpus Linux
* Planet CCRMA
* Rocks Cluster Distribution
* Scientific Linux
* Turbolinux
* Yellow Dog Linux

|

* v
* t
* e

Linux distributions

Android|

| LineageOS|

* /e/
* CalyxOS
* CrDroid
* iodéOS
* Replicant

|

Other|

* Android-x86
* Celadon
* Cherry OS
* ColorOS
* EMUI
* Fire OS
* GrapheneOS
* HiOS
* One UI
* Paranoid Android
* Resurrection Remix OS
* OmniROM
* XOS
* Xiaomi HyperOS

Arch|

* ArchBang
* Artix
* BlackArch
* EndeavourOS
* Frugalware
* Garuda
* Hyperbola GNU
* LinHES
* Manjaro
* Parabola GNU
* SteamOS (3.0 onwards)
* SystemRescue

Debian|

| Ubuntu|

* Official: Edubuntu
* Kubuntu
* Lubuntu
* Ubuntu Budgie
* Ubuntu Cinnamon
* Ubuntu Kylin
* Ubuntu MATE
* Ubuntu Studio
* Ubuntu Unity
* Xubuntu

* Derivatives: BackBox
* Bodhi Linux
* elementary OS
* Emmabuntüs
* KDE neon
* Freespire
* Linux Lite
* Linux Mint
* LXLE Linux
* Nova OS
* Peppermint OS
* Pop! OS
* Trisquel
* Ubuntu Touch
* Uruk
* Wubuntu
* Zorin OS

|

Other|

* antiX
* Astra
* Bharat Operating System Solutions
* BlankOn Linux
* Commodore OS
* Damn Small Linux
* deepin
* Devuan
* Elive
* Endless OS
* FreedomBox
* Kaisen
* Kali
* Kanotix
* Knoppix
* MX Linux
* Parrot OS
* PureOS
* Raspberry Pi OS
* Q4OS
* Slax
* SparkyLinux
* SolydXK
* Tails
* Tizen
* UOS
* Whonix

Fedora|

| CentOS Stream|

* AlmaLinux
* EulerOS
* MIRACLE LINUX
* Oracle Linux
* Red Hat Enterprise Linux
* Rocky Linux

|

Other|

* Asahi Linux
* Network Security Toolkit
* Nobara
* Qubes OS
* Red Star OS
* Sailfish OS

Gentoo|

* Calculate Linux
* ChromiumOS
* ChromeOS
* Pentoo

Mandrake|

* ALT Linux
* PCLinuxOS

Mandriva|

* Mageia
* OpenMandriva Lx
* ROSA Linux

Slackware|

* Austrumi Linux
* Porteus
* Salix OS
* Slax
* Zenwalk

SUSE|

* openSUSE
* SUSE Linux Enterprise
* Open Enterprise Server
* GeckoLinux

Other|

* 4MLinux
* Alpine
* CHAOS
* Chimera Linux
* Clear Linux OS
* CRUX
* Kwort
* GoboLinux
* Guix SD
* KaiOS
* KaOS
* NixOS
* Puppy
* Source Mage
* Solus
* T2 SDE
* Tiny Core Linux
* Void

Discontinued|

| Android|

* CyanogenMod
* DivestOS
* MIUI
* PixelExperience
* Remix OS

|

Arch|

* ArchLabs
* Antergos
* Chakra

Debian|

* Ubuntu: Asturix
* Black Lab Linux
* Cub Linux
* Gobuntu
* gOS
* Linux Caixa Mágica
* LinuxTLE
* Pinguy OS
* Sabily
* Ubuntu GNOME

* Other derivatives: BackTrack
* Corel Linux
* CrunchBang Linux
* DoudouLinux
* Dreamlinux
* Feather Linux
* gNewSense
* HandyLinux
* Libranet
* Musix GNU+Linux
* Parsix
* SteamOS (1.0–2.0)
* Sunwah Linux

Gentoo|

* Container Linux
* Sabayon Linux
* xB Machine

Red Hat/Fedora|

* BLAG Linux and GNU
* CentOS
* ClearOS
* Linpus Linux
* Korora
* Linux for PlayStation 2
* Scientific Linux
* Red Hat Linux
* Rocks Cluster Distribution
* Think Blue Linux
* Turbolinux
* Vine Linux
* Yellow Dog Linux

Slackware|

* Absolute Linux
* BioSLAX
* Damn Vulnerable Linux
* KateOS
* Kongoni
* NimbleX
* Platypux
* TopologiLinux
* VectorLinux

SUSE|

* SUSE Studio Express

Other|

* Caldera OpenLinux
* DemoLinux
* Familiar Linux
* Firefox OS
* B2G OS
* Floppyfw
* Foresight Linux
* Immunix
* Jurix
* Linux Router Project
* MCC Interim Linux
* MeeGo
* Mer
* Mobilinux
* Nitix
* OpenELEC
* Softlanding Linux System
* Splashtop OS
* Turkix

* List
* Linux portal
* Comparison
* Category

Authority control databases: National |

* Germany

|

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template