Central Area, Singapore

This article is about the city centre of Singapore. For its urban core as well as an explanation about the term, "Central Business District", see Downtown Core. For other uses, see Central.

City centre in Central Region, Singapore

Central Area

City centre

Other transcription(s)
• Chinese| 中央商业区
• Malay| Kawasan Tengah
• Tamil| மத்திய பகுதி

From top left to right: Skyline of Singapore's Downtown Core, The Helix Bridge with Marina Bay Sands in the background, Raffles Place, Merlion Park, Buddha Tooth Relic Temple and Museum at Chinatown, Clarke Quay, Gardens by the Bay, ION Orchard, The National Museum of Singapore, Masjid Sultan, Rochor

Location of the Central Area in Central Region

Central Area

Location of the Central Area within Singapore

Coordinates: 1°17′30″N 103°51′00″E﻿ / ﻿1.29167°N 103.85000°E﻿ / 1.29167; 103.85000
Country|  Singapore
Region| Central Region
Planning Areas|

* Downtown Core
* Marina East
* Marina South
* Museum
* Newton
* Orchard
* Outram
* River Valley
* Rochor
* Singapore River
* Straits View

* * *

CDCs|

* Central Singapore CDC
* South East CDC

Town councils|

* Jalan Besar Town Council
* Marine Parade Town Council
* Tanjong Pagar Town Council

Constituencies|

* Jalan Besar GRC
* Mountbatten SMC
* Tanjong Pagar GRC

Central Area created|

* 22 January 1999[1]

Government

• Mayors| Central Singapore CDC

* Denise Phua

South East CDC

* Dinesh Vasu Dash

* * *

• Members of Parliament| Jalan Besar GRC

* Denise Phua
* Josephine Teo

Mountbatten SMC

* Lim Biow Chuan

Tanjong Pagar GRC

* Indranee Rajah
* Joan Pereira
* Melvin Yong

Area

[2]

• City centre

| 17.84 km2 (6.89 sq mi)
• Metro

| 132.7 km2 (51.2 sq mi)
Population

(2015)[2][3]

• City centre

| 60,520
• Density| 3,400/km2 (8,800/sq mi)
• Metro

| 939,890
• Metro density| 7,100/km2 (18,000/sq mi)
Postal districts|

1, 6, 7, 8, 9

Dwelling units| 12,571

The Central Area, also called the City Area, and informally The City, is the main commercial and financial city centre of Singapore. Located in the south-eastern part of the Central Region, the Central Area consists of eleven constituent planning areas: the Downtown Core, Marina East, Marina South, the Museum Planning Area, Newton, Orchard, Outram, River Valley, Rochor, the Singapore River and Straits View, as defined by the Urban Redevelopment Authority. The term Central Business District (CBD) has also been used to describe most of the Central Area as well, although its boundaries lie within the Downtown Core.[4]

Singapore's modern history began in this area, when British colonial official Stamford Raffles and representatives of the British East India Company landed along the banks of the Singapore River in 1819 to set up a free port of trade between Europe and Asia. As the old harbour grew along the mouth of the river bank, the historical city naturally expanded around it, creating what is now the Central Area. As the financial heart of Singapore, the Downtown Core also houses the headquarters and offices of numerous major corporations, both local and international, as well as the Singapore Exchange (SGX). As the country's de facto capital, it is also home to many governmental institutions, most notably the seat of Parliament and the Supreme Court.

The Central Area surrounds the banks of the Singapore River and Marina Bay where the first settlements on the island were established shortly after the arrival of Raffles in 1819. Surrounding the Central Area is the rest of the Central Region. The Central Area shares boundaries with the planning areas of Novena to the north, Kallang to the north and north-east, Tanglin to the north-west and west, Bukit Merah to the south-west and Marine Parade to the east. The south-easternmost limits of the city is enclosed by Marina Barrage, where the mouth of Marina Bay meets the Singapore Strait.

## History

[edit]

This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2024)

|

See also: History of Singapore and City of Singapore (historical entity)

Much of the central area bounded by Telok Ayer Road, which has a high concentration of skyscrapers, is actually built on reclaimed land.[5] Therefore, when Thian Hock Keng Temple was built in 1839 along Telok Ayer Road, the temple used to face the sea and would be the first place visited by newly arrived Chinese immigrants to worship and give thanks to Ma Zu (Goddess of the Sea) for her blessings of their safe voyage.[6] Prior to 1839, the temple served as a joss-house for the Hokkien immigrants. This temple, which is also one of the first Hokkien temple to be built by the Hoklo under the leadership of Tan Tock Seng and Si Hoo Keh, is in the architectural style of southern China, using only materials imported from China and supported with no nails. The clan's office was housed there and this temple was also used as a meeting venue. The construction of the temple was completed in 1842 and details of this temple's history are recorded in granite tablets found on the wall inside the Entrance Hall. A plaque inscribed with the words Bo Jing Nan Ming (Gentle Waves over the South Seas) which was bestowed by the Guangxu Emperor of Qing dynasty in 1907, is found in the temple that indicate evidence of the temple's stature. The temple comprises an architectural works of stone, tiles and wood, dragons and phoenixes, as well as carvings, sculptures and columns. [7] The Thian Hock Keng temple has been gazetted as a national monument in 1973.[8] The temple is currently managed by the Hokkien Huay Kuan.

At Church Street is the Yueh Hai Ching Temple, one of the oldest Taoist temples, having been built in 1852 (however, an older wood-and-attap shrine was built on Philip Street 1826).[9][10] This temple was established by a group of Teochew settlers from Guangzhou in China when they dedicated a shrine to Tian Hou Sheng Mu. This temple faced the sea and was therefore a place where newly arrived Chinese immigrants (sailors and travellers) came to offer their respect to the Goddess for their safe voyage across the seas. The renovation to the temple was undertaken by the Ngee Ann Kongsi, which was formed by a group of immigrants from the Teochew community. This temple served as a meeting place for the people of the Teochew community in the late 19th century when the Teochews became the second largest Chinese Dialect group in Singapore. The temple was honoured with a bian e, an imperial plaque from Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty in 1907.[9] In 1996 it was gazetted as a national monument and it underwent repairs and restoration works.[10] The background contrast between the old temples and the new modern buildings indicate the juxtaposition and coexistence of new and old. The temple has a cover structure composed of models depicting the lives of Chinese villagers. Guangxu also presented the temple with a signboard that is still displayed in the temple today.[11]

The Armenian Church, located at Hill Street, is the oldest church in Singapore. The funding for the building of the church came from contributions of the Armenian community. It was built in the 1830s by George Coleman, the architect of many buildings in Singapore, for a small Armenian community that once resided in Singapore. The Church was credited as a national monument.[12]

CHIJMES, located at Victoria Street, was originally a Catholic convent which is currently converted into a modern dining area with restaurants. The original structure was well preserved and the chapel is still present. The restaurants reside in the old structures of the convent.[13]

During the Konfrontasi, a group of Indonesian saboteurs bombed the MacDonald House building at Orchard Road. The explosion killed three people and injured at least 33 others.[14]

## Land use

[edit]

The Central Area is one of the most densely developed places in Singapore, with a large mix of commercial and residential developments packed into a space of only 1784 hectares. A great number of Mass Rapid Transit stations are concentrated in this area as well, especially interchange stations and stations along the Circle MRT line. Each of the districts within the Central Area has a heavy and dense commercial presence, especially in the Downtown Core, Orchard and Singapore River districts. Rochor, Newton, River Valley and Outram are commercially thriving, but have fewer skyscrapers and generally include a greater residential presence. Schools, condominiums and Housing Development Board apartments are located in these areas, albeit at higher prices.

Since the 1970s, the Singapore government and the Urban Redevelopment Authority have reclaimed land portions from Marina Bay in an attempt to expand the Central Area. Newly created portions of land surrounding Marina Bay have been organised and labelled into Marina East, Marina South and Straits View. Many construction projects have been completed in these districts since their creation, but most of them are still under consolidation or development. It also houses the headquarters of many Multinational Companies and the Singapore Exchange. The tallest skyscrapers in Singapore are located at the Central Area, mainly the Raffles Place area. They adhere to a height restriction of 280m, except the Tanjong Pagar Centre, which is exempted from the height restriction and is allowed to be built up to 290m.

Shophouses on Ann Siang Hill have changed purposes over the years. In the past, these shophouses were used as clan houses for the various clans that existed in the Chinatown region. Due to a housing shortage exacerbated by World War II, HDB began development of the blocks after the war.[15]

## See also

[edit]

* Architecture of Singapore
* Tourism in Singapore
* City of Singapore (historical entity)
* Central Singapore District

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Singapore Infopedia – Development guide plan". National Library Board. Archived from the original on 26 December 2018. Retrieved 14 February 2016.
2. ^ a b "City Population – statistics, maps and charts | SINGAPORE: Subdivision". Archived from the original on 28 November 2018. Retrieved 7 February 2016.
3. ^ HDB Key Statistics FY 2014/2015 Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
4. ^ "Downtown Core Planning Report 1995". Urban Redevelopment Authority. Archived from the original on 12 June 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2007.
5. ^ Tan, Bonny (17 April 1999). "Former Telok Ayer Market". National Library Board. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
6. ^ "Welcome to Thian Hock Keng". Thianhockkeng.com.sg. Archived from the original on 23 August 2009. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
7. ^ Tan, Bonny. "Thian Hock Keng". National Library Board. Retrieved 8 March 2021.
8. ^ "Thian Hock Keng Temple, Singapore". Asiaexplorers.com. 8 July 2006. Archived from the original on 1 June 2009.
9. ^ a b Thulaja, Naidu Ratnala. "Yueh Hai Ching Temple". National Library Board.
10. ^ a b Migration (21 October 2014). "Sri Thendayuthapani Temple joins 66 others on list of Singapore's national monuments | The Straits Times". www.straitstimes.com. Archived from the original on 12 December 2021. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
11. ^ "Yue Hai Qing Miao "Yueh Hai Ching Temple" Singapore". Streetdirectory.com. Archived from the original on 19 August 2009. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
12. ^ [1] Archived 10 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine
13. ^ "A Premier Lifestyle Destination". Chijmes. Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 4 September 2009.
14. ^ Nirmala, M. (13 February 2014). "MacDonald House attack still strikes home in S'pore". The Jakarta Post. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
15. ^ Yuen, Belinda (November 2007). "Squatters no more: Singapore social housing". Global Urban Development Magazine. 3 (1). Archived from the original on 7 February 2021. Retrieved 11 August 2011.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Planning Areas Boundaries Map A, showing extent of the Central Area Archived 7 February 2021 at the Wayback Machine

* v
* t
* e

Places in Singapore by region

Listed by planning areas

Central|

* Central Area (City centre)
* Bishan
* Bukit Merah
* Bukit Timah
* Downtown Core
* Geylang
* Kallang
* Marina East
* Marina South
* Marine Parade
* Museum
* Newton
* Novena
* Orchard
* Outram
* Queenstown
* River Valley
* Rochor
* Singapore River
* Southern Islands
* Straits View
* Tanglin
* Toa Payoh

East|

* Bedok
* Changi
* Changi Bay
* Pasir Ris
* Paya Lebar
* Tampines

North|

* Central Water Catchment
* Lim Chu Kang
* Mandai
* Sembawang
* Simpang
* Sungei Kadut
* Woodlands
* Yishun

North-East|

* Ang Mo Kio
* Hougang
* North-Eastern Islands
* Punggol
* Seletar
* Sengkang
* Serangoon

West|

* Boon Lay
* Bukit Batok
* Bukit Panjang
* Choa Chu Kang
* Clementi
* Jurong East
* Jurong West
* Pioneer
* Tengah
* Tuas
* Western Islands
* Western Water Catchment

* v
* t
* e

Skyscrapers in Singapore

Downtown Core|

* 16 Collyer Quay
* CapitaSky (formerly known as 79 Robinson Road)
* Altez
* Asia Square Towers 1, 2
* Bank of China Building
* Capital Tower
* CapitaGreen
* CapitaSpring
* Centennial Tower
* Chevron House
* DUO
* Frasers Tower
* Guoco Tower
* Hong Leong Building
* International Plaza
* Lippo Centre
* Maybank Tower
* Mandarin Orchard Singapore
* Marina Bay Financial Centre Towers 1, 2, 3
* Marina Bay Residences
* Marina Bay Sands Towers 1, 2, 3
* Marina Bay Suites
* Marina One
* Millenia Tower
* Oasia Hotel Downtown
* OCBC Centre
* Ocean Financial Centre
* One George Street
* One Marina Boulevard
* One Raffles Place Towers 1, 2
* One Raffles Quay North and South Towers
* One Shenton Way Towers 1, 2
* OUE Downtown Towers One and Two
* Parkview Square
* Pickering Operations Complex
* mTower
* Raffles City Tower
* Republic Plaza
* Robinson 77
* Samsung Hub
* SBF Tower
* Scotts Tower
* Singapore Land Tower
* Six Battery Road
* Skysuites @ Anson
* SGX Centre
* South Beach North and South Towers
* Springleaf Tower
* State Courts Towers
* Suntec City Towers 1, 2, 3, 4
* Swissôtel The Stamford
* The Concourse
* The Gateway East and West Towers
* The Sail @ Marina Bay Towers 1, 2
* The Orchard Residences
* The Pan Pacific Singapore
* The Pinnacle@Duxton
* UOB Plaza One and Two
* V on Shenton

Former skyscrapers|

* AXA Tower
* Comcentre
* CPF Building
* Fuji Xerox Towers
* UIC Building

Related topics|

* Future developments in Singapore
* Architecture of Singapore

* Category
* Commons

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