Central Skåne Volcanic Province

Site of Mesozoic Era volcanic activity in Sweden's Scania region

The Central Skåne Volcanic Province was a site of volcanic activity in the Scania region of Sweden during the Mesozoic Era of the Earth's geological history. The volcanism began with a first and main phase in late Sinemurian to Toarcian times around 191 to 178 Ma. Then volcanism continued sporadically for another 80 million years.[1] More than one hundred volcanic necks of basaltic composition exist in Scania evidencing this volcanism. In central Scania, volcanism was in the form of a volcanic field of cinder cones that had Strombolian eruption styles.[2] These cones produced tuffite deposits made largely of lapilli with rare volcanic bombs.[2][3] Pyroclastic materials were subsequently palagonitized or largely altered to clay minerals.[2] While eruptions occurred on land the sea was likely very close to the area.[2][3] Besides purely pyroclastic sediments, lahar deposits have also been identified around the remnants of the volcanoes.[4]

Beneath a lahar deposit at Korsaröd (Djupadal Formation), Early Jurassic plant fossils including wood, pollen and spores have been exceptionally well preserved.[5] The degree of preservation is such that cell-scale features like organelles and chromosomes have been identified in the fossils. At this location plants grew in a substrate with extensive hydrothermal alteration.[4]

The volcanism is possibly the result of decompression melting of the lithospheric mantle beneath.[1] The volcanism is linked to a rift flank fault along the Sorgenfrei–Tornquist Zone, which is a failed rift associated with extension in the North Sea and the opening of the North Atlantic.[1][2][4] The background to the volcanism is the break-up of Pangea, and thus it is analogous to the much more voluminous Karoo-Ferrar flood basalts of Southern Africa.[1]

## See also

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* List of flood basalt provinces
* Central Atlantic magmatic province, Late Triassic to Early Jurassic igneous province in the area
* Skagerrak-Centered Large Igneous Province, Late Carboniferous to Early Permian igneous province in Denmark and southern Sweden
* Osmunda regalis

## References

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1. ^ a b c d Bergelin, Ingemar (2009). "Jurassic volcanism in Skåne, southern Sweden, and its relation to coeval regional and global events". GFF. 131 (1–2): 165–175. doi:10.1080/11035890902851278.
2. ^ a b c d e Augustsson, Carita (2001). "Lapilli tuff as evidence of Early Jurassic Strombolian-type volcanism in Scania, southern Sweden". GFF. 123 (1): 23–28. doi:10.1080/11035890101231023. S2CID 140544085.
3. ^ a b Ahlberg, Anders; Sivhed, Ulf; Erlström, Mikael (2003). "The Jurassic of Skåne, southern Sweden". Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin. 1: 527–541. doi:10.34194/geusb.v1.4682.
4. ^ a b c Vajda, Vivi; Linderson, Hans; McLoughlin, Stephen (2016). "Disrupted vegetation as a response to Jurassic volcanism in southern Sweden". In Kear, B.P.; Lindgren, J.; Hurum, J.H.; Milàn, J.; Vajda, V. (eds.). Mesozoic Biotas of Scandinavia and its Arctic Territories. Geological Society, London, Special Publications. Vol. 434\. pp. 127–147.
5. ^ Bomfleur, Benjamin; McLoughlin, Stephen; Vajda, Vivi (2014). "Fossilized Nuclei and Chromosomes Reveal 180 Million Years of Genomic Stasis in Royal Ferns". Science. 343 (6177): 1376–1377. doi:10.1126/science.1249884. PMID 24653037. S2CID 38248823.

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Geology of Fennoscandia

Paleosurfaces|

* Borsu surface
* Hardangervidda
* Muddus plains
* Paleic surface
* Ostrobothnian Plain
* South Småland peneplain
* 300 m peneplain
* 200 m peneplain
* Strandflat
* Sub-Cambrian peneplain
* Sub-Mesozoic hilly relief

Sedimentary cover|

| Moraines|

* Billingen terminal moraine
* Pulju moraine
* Rogen moraine
* Salpausselkä
* Sevetti moraine
* Skövde terminal moraine
* Trollgarden
* Veiki moraine

|

Sedimentary rock|

* Alum Shale Formation
* Hedmark Group
* Jotnian sedimentary rock
* Reusch's Moraine
* Visingsö Group

Structures|

| Faults and shear zones|

* Burträsk Fault
* Iapetus Suture
* Lainio Fault
* Nordfjord-Sogn Detachment
* Pärvie Fault
* Protogine Zone
* Röjnoret Fault
* Sorgenfrei-Tornquist Zone
* South Finland Shear Zone

|

Large impact craters|

* Dellen
* Gardnos crater
* Granby crater
* Hummeln structure
* Lappajärvi
* Lockne crater
* Lumparn
* Mien
* Ritland crater
* Siljan Ring
* Sääksjärvi
* Söderfjärden
* Suvasvesi
* Tvären

Morphostrucures|

* Central Swedish lowland
* Gulf of Bothnia rift
* Lake Inari graben
* Lake Ladoga graben
* Lofoten horst
* Muhos Graben
* Norrland terrain
* Omberg horst
* Oslo Graben
* Scandinavian Mountains
* Scanian horsts
* South Swedish Dome
* Vättern graben
* White Sea Rift System

Lesser igneous provinces|

* Alnö Complex
* Central Skåne Volcanic Province
* Fen Complex
* Kattsund-Koster dyke swarm
* Kola Alkaline Province
* Norra Kärr
* Rapakivi granites
* Särna Alkaline Complex
* Satakunta dyke swarms

Provinces and orogens|

* Belomorian Province
* Blekinge-Bornholm Province
* Kola Province
* Scandinavian Caledonides
* Svecofennian Province
* Sveconorwegian Province
* Transscandinavian Igneous Belt
* Timanide Orogen
* Western Gneiss Region

55°59′35″N 13°31′15″E﻿ / ﻿55.992928°N 13.520970°E﻿ / 55.992928; 13.520970
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