Chama Cha Mapinduzi

Dominant political party in Tanzania

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Party of the Revolution

Chama Cha Mapinduzi (Swahili)

Abbreviation| CCM
Chairperson| Samia Suluhu
Secretary-General| Emanuel Nchimbi
Spokesperson| Amoss Makala
Vice Chairman for the Mainland| Abdulrahman Kinana
Vice Chairman for the Islands| Hussein Mwinyi
Founder| Julius Nyerere
Aboud Jumbe
Founded| 5 February 1977 (1977-02-05)
Merger of| TANU and ASP
Headquarters| Dodoma
Newspaper| Uhuru
Think tank| UONGOZI Institute
Student wing| Seneti ya Vyuo na Vyuo Vikuu Tanzania
Youth wing| Umoja wa Vijana wa CCM - UVCCM
Women's wing| Umoja wa Wanawake Tanzania - UWT
Parents' wing| Chama Cha Wazazi Tanzania - CWT
Farmer's wing| Wakulima
Worker's Union wing| Wafanyakazi
Membership (2022)| 12,000,000[1]
Ideology|

* African nationalism[2]
* Social democracy
* Historical
* Pan-Africanism
* Ujamaa

Political position| Center-left[3]
Historical
Left wing
International affiliation| Progressive Alliance
African affiliation| FLMSA
Colours|
Slogan| Ujamaa na Kujitegemea
CCM Oyee!
Bunge|

365 / 393

Zanzibar HoR|

84 / 88

EALA|

7 / 9

SADC PF|

4 / 5

Pan-African Parliament|

4 / 5

Election symbol
A hoe and a hammer
Party flag
Website
Party website

* Politics of Tanzania
* Political parties
* Elections

The Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM; lit. 'Party of the Revolution' in English) is the dominant ruling party in Tanzania and the second longest-ruling party in Africa, only after the True Whig Party of Liberia.[4][5] It was formed in 1977, following the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU) and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), which were the sole operating parties in mainland Tanzania and the semi-autonomous islands of Zanzibar, respectively.

TANU and its successor CCM have ruled Tanzania uninterruptedly since independence. The party has been described as authoritarian.[6] Since the creation of a multi-party system, CCM has won the past six general elections in 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020. Jakaya Kikwete, its presidential candidate in 2005, won by a landslide, receiving more than 80% of the popular vote and John Magufuli as a candidate in 2020 garnered over 84% of the vote. In the 2010 election, the CCM won 186 of the 239 constituencies, continuing to hold an outright majority in the National Assembly.[7]

## History[edit]

The party was created on February 5, 1977, under the leadership of Julius Nyerere, through the merger of the Tanganyika African National Union (TANU), the ruling party in Tanganyika, and the Afro-Shirazi Party (ASP), the ruling party in Zanzibar.

TANU/CCM has dominated the politics of Tanzania since the independence of Tanganyika in 1961. Due to the merger with the ASP, from 1977 it has also been the ruling party in Zanzibar, though there its grip on power has been more contested by the Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo (CHADEMA).

From its formation in 1977 until 1992, it was the only legally permitted party in the country. Every five years, its national chairman was automatically elected to a five-year term as president; he was confirmed in office via a referendum. At the same time, voters were presented with two CCM candidates for the National Assembly or Bunge. This changed on July 1, 1992, when amendments to the Constitution and a number of laws permitting and regulating the formation and operations of more than one political party were enacted by the National Assembly.

## Ideology[edit]

Originally a champion of African socialism, upholder of the system of collectivized agriculture known as Ujamaa and firmly oriented to the left, today the CCM espouses a more mixed economic approach. CCM hopes to continue to modernize in order to ensure:

1. Increased productivity which would boost the country's revenue
2. Increased employment and improved management
3. Acquisition of new and modern technology
4. Increased and expanded local and international markets for our products, and;
5. Improved and strengthened private sector serving as the engine of the national economy while the government sharpens its focus on provision of social services, infrastructure, security and governance of the state.

Similarly, the CCM's major foreign policy focus is economic diplomacy within the international system, and peaceful coexistence with neighbors.

## Electoral performance and support base[edit]

The CCM has a leading role in society, despite having multiparty democracy in Tanzania since 1995, the CCM has kept to power ever since. Empirical analysis has shown that a sense of nostalgia for a party which brought independence, and which has maintained relative peace is a major cause of the CCM's support base; age had no significant determinant on loyalty to the CCM. The party has strong support from subsistence farmers.[8]

The party has won all presidential elections at both the national level and in Zanzibar at the autonomous level under the multi-party system: 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015. It also dominates the legislature.

In the elections for Zanzibar's presidency and House of Representatives, held on 30 October 2005, incumbent president and CCM candidate Amani Abeid Karume won with 53% of the vote, while the party won 30 seats out of 50.

In the national elections for Tanzania's presidency and National Assembly, held on 14 December 2005, Foreign Minister and CCM candidate Jakaya Kikwete won with 80.28% of the vote. Out of the 232 seats filled through direct election, the CCM won 206.

On 31 October 2010, Jakaya Kikwete was reelected president with 61% of the vote,[9] while CCM obtained 186 out of the 239 directly elected seats.

On 30 October 2015 John Magufuli of CCM won the election with 58% of the vote. Next elections on 30 October 2020 he was reelected president with 84% of the vote.[10]

CCM was admitted into the Socialist International as a full member at the SI's spring congress on 4–5 February 2013.[11]

## Leadership[edit]

### Current leaders[edit]

Samia Suluhu Hassan is the current Chairperson of the Chama Cha Mapinduzi following the death of John Pombe Magufuli, the former Chairman and President of United Republic of Tanzania.

### National leaders[edit]

* Chairwoman: Samia Suluhu Hassan
* Vice Chairman Zanzibar: Hussein Mwinyi
* Vice Chairman Mainland: Abdulrahman Kinana
* Secretary General: Daniel Chongolo
* Deputy Secretary General Zanzibar: Mohammed Mohammed
* Deputy Secretary General Mainland: Anamringi Macha
* Secretary for Organisation: Issa Ussi
* Secretary for Party Ideology and Publicity: Sophia Mjema
* Secretary for Party Affairs and International Relations: Ambassador Mbarouk Mbarouk
* Secretary for Economic Affairs and Finance: Dr. Frank George Haule Hawassi
* Secretary General Wazazi - Gilbert Kalima
* Secretary General UWT - Jokate Mwegelo
* Secretary General UVCCM - Kenani Kihongosi

The party has a strong political base in rural Tanzania. CCM Headquarters in the capital, Dodoma. A mural of the party's candidates in the southern Tanzanian town of Lindi.

National Chairman
Name | Tenure

|

Julius Nyerere | 1977–1985
Ali Hassan Mwinyi | 1985–1995
Benjamin Mkapa | 1996–2006
Jakaya Kikwete | 2006–2016
John Magufuli | 2016–2021
Samia Suluhu | 2021–present

National Vice Chairman (Mainland)
Name | Tenure

|

John Malecela |
Pius Msekwa | 2007–2012
Philip Mangula | 2012–2022
Abdulrahman Omar Kinana | 2022 – present

National Vice Chairman (Zanzibar)
Name | Tenure

|

Salmin Amour |
Amani Abeid Karume | ? – 2012
Ali Mohamed Shein | 2012–present

Secretaries General
Name | Tenure

|

Pius Msekwa | 1977–1982
Rashidi Kawawa | 1982–1990
Horace Kolimba | 1990–1995
Lawrence Gama | 1995–1997
Philip Mangula | 1997–2007
Yusuf Makamba | 2007–2011
Wilson Mukama | 2011–2012
Abdulrahman Kinana | 2012–May 2018
Bashiru Ally | 2018 – April 2021
Daniel Chongolo | 2021 – present

## Electoral history[edit]

### Presidential elections[edit]

Election | Party candidate  | Votes | % | Result

|
|
|
|

1980 | Julius Nyerere | 5,570,883  | 95.5%  | Elected Y
1985 | Ali Hassan Mwinyi | 4,778,114  | 95.68%  | Elected Y
1990 | 5,198,120  | 97.78%  | Elected Y
1995 | Benjamin Mkapa | 4,026,422  | 61.82%  | Elected Y
2000 | 5,863,201  | 71.74%  | Elected Y
2005 | Jakaya Kikwete | 9,123,952  | 80.28%  | Elected Y
2010 | 5,276,827  | 62.83%  | Elected Y
2015 | John Magufuli | 8,882,935  | 58.46%  | Elected Y
2020 | 12,516,252  | 84.40%  | Elected Y

### Bunge elections[edit]

Election | Party leader  | Votes | % | Seats | +/–  | Position | Result

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1980 | Julius Nyerere | 5,417,099  | 100%  |

264 / 264

|  |  1st  | Sole legal party
1985 | Ali Hassan Mwinyi | 4,768,997  | 100%  |

274 / 274

|  10  |  1st  | Sole legal party
1990 | 5,198,120  | 97.78%  |

264 / 264

|  10  |  1st  | Sole legal party
1995 | Benjamin Mkapa | 3,814,206  | 59.22%  |

214 / 285

|  50  |  1st  | Supermajority government
2000 | 4,628,127  | 65.19%  |

243 / 285

|  29  |  1st  | Supermajority government
2005 | Jakaya Kikwete | 7,579,897  | 70%  |

264 / 324

|  21  |  1st  | Supermajority government
2010 | 4,641,830  | 60.20%  |

253 / 357

|  11  |  1st  | Supermajority government
2015 | John Magufuli | 8,021,427  | 55.04%  |

260 / 393

|  7  |  1st  | Supermajority government
2020 | 12,516,252  | 84.40%  |

350 / 393

|  90  |  1st  | Supermajority government

## References[edit]

1. ^ https://x.com/dailynewstz/status/1489935602028064772
2. ^ "How Tanzania Got To This Point". Vice News. 2 November 2020.
3. ^ TANZANIA'S POLITICAL PILLAR - AN IN-DEPTH LOOK AT CHAMA CHA MAPINDUZI. 20 February 2024 https://www.michuzi.co.tz/2023/12/tanzanias-political-pillar-in-depth.html?m=1. `{{cite news}}`: Missing or empty `|title=` (help)
4. ^ O'Gorman, Melanie (26 April 2012). "Why the CCM won't lose: the roots of single-party dominance in Tanzania". Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 30 (2): 313–333. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.410.9369. doi:10.1080/02589001.2012.669566. S2CID 17134713.
5. ^ Manson, Katrina (30 September 2013). "Three issues loom over Tanzania's political scene". Financial Times. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
6. ^ Cheeseman, Nic; Matfess, Hilary; Amani, Alitalali (2021). "Tanzania: The Roots of Repression". Journal of Democracy. 32 (2): 77–89. doi:10.1353/jod.2021.0020. ISSN 1086-3214.
7. ^ Dagne, Ted (31 August 2011). "Tanzania: Background and Current Conditions" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 5 September 2013.
8. ^ O'Gorman, Melanie (2012). "Why the CCM won't lose: The roots of single-party dominance in Tanzania". Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 30 (2): 313–333. doi:10.1080/02589001.2012.669566. S2CID 17134713.
9. ^ "Tanzania election: Jakaya Kikwete re-elected president". BBC News. 2010-11-05. Retrieved 2022-10-04.
10. ^ "Tanzania poll: John Magufuli of CCM defeats Edward Lowassa". BBC News. 2015-10-29. Retrieved 2022-10-04.
11. ^ "Decisions of the Council" (PDF). Socialist International. February 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 7 September 2018. Retrieved 14 September 2014.

## External links[edit]

* Official blog
* Ally Sykes

* v
* t
* e

Chama Cha Mapinduzi

National Chairmen|

* Nyerere
* Mwinyi
* Mkapa
* Kikwete
* Magufuli
* Suluhu

Vice Chairmen (mainland)|

* Malecela
* Msekwa
* Mangula

Vice Chairmen (Zanzibar)|

* Amour
* Karume
* Shein
* Mwinyi

Secretaries General|

* Msekwa
* Kawawa
* Kolimba
* Gama
* Mangula
* Y. Makamba
* Mukama
* Kinana
* Bashiru Ally
* Chongolo

Organisation Secretary|

* Aisha Juma
* Khatib
* Silima

Ideology and Publicity Secretary|

* Ngombale-Mwiru
* Nnauye
* Polepole
* Shaka

Political Affairs and IR Secretary|

* Membe
* J. Makamba
* Migiro
* Lubinga

Economic Affairs and
Finance Secretary|

* Kigoda
* Aziz
* Nchemba
* Meghji
* Hawassi

Related|

* Arusha Declaration
* ASP
* TANU
* Ujamaa
* 2020 Primaries

Articles related to the Chama Cha Mapinduzi

* v
* t
* e

Chama Cha Mapinduzi MPs in the 10th Parliament

At the time of dissolution, the party had 185 of the 239 electoral seats in the National Assembly

Arusha Region (4/7)|

* Laizer
* Lowassa
* Ole-Medeye
* Sumari (died in 2012)
* Telele

Dar es Salaam Region (6/8)|

* Mtulia
* Mahanga
* Mwaiposa (died in 2015)
* Ndugulile
* Zungu

Dodoma Region (9/9)|

* Badwel
* Chibulunje
* Lusinde
* Mallole
* Mhita
* Ndugai
* Nkamia
* Simbachawene
* Teu

Iringa Region (10/11)|

* Filikunjombe (died in 2015)
* Kigola
* Lukuvi
* Lwenge
* Mahenge
* Makinda
* G. Mgimwa (2014–)
* M. Mgimwa
* W. Mgimwa (died in 2014)
* Msolla
* Sanga

Kagera Region (9/10)|

* Blandes
* Kagasheki
* Katagira
* Magufuli
* Mshama
* Mwijage
* Ntukamazina
* Rweikiza
* Tibaijuka

Kigoma Region (3/8)|

* Chiza
* Ntabaliba
* Serukamba

Kilimanjaro Region (5/9)|

* Chami
* David
* Maghembe
* Malecela
* Mwanri

Lindi Region (6/8)|

* Chikawe
* Majaliwa
* Mangungu
* Membe
* Mitambo
* Mtanda

Manyara Region (5/6)|

* Chambiri
* Nagu
* Ole-Nangoro
* Ole-Sendeka
* Soni

Mara Region (6/7)|

* Kebwe
* Lugola
* Mkono
* Nyangwine
* Okambo
* Wasira

Mbeya Region (9/11)|

* Kibona
* Kilufi
* Mulugo
* Mwakyembe
* Mwakyusa
* Mwambalaswa
* Mwandosya
* Mwanjale
* Hasunga

Morogoro Region (10/10)|

* Abood
* Amer
* Kalogeris
* Kombani (died in 2015)
* Makalla
* Mkulo
* Mponda
* Mteketa
* Nkya
* Shabiby

Mtwara Region (7/7)|

* Bwanausi
* Ghasia
* Kasembe
* Mkapa
* Mkuchika
* Murji
* Njwayo

Mwanza Region (10/13)|

* Amar
* Bukwimba
* Kamani
* Kitwanga
* Limbu
* Mansoor
* Max (died in 2015)
* Ndassa
* Ngeleja
* Tizeba

Pwani Region (9/9)|

* Bwanamdogo (died in 2014)
* Jafo
* Jumaa
* Kawambwa
* Kikwete (2014–)
* Koka
* Malima
* Marombwa
* Rashidi
* Shah

Rukwa Region (7/8)|

* Hilaly
* Kandege
* Kakoso
* Keissy
* Malocha
* Mipata
* Pinda

Ruvuma Region (7/7)|

* Kawawa
* Kayombo
* Komba (died in 2015)
* Makani
* Mhagama
* Mtutura
* Nchimbi

Shinyanga Region (8/13)|

* Chenge
* Lembeli
* Maige
* A. Masele
* S. Masele
* Mpina
* A. Salum
* Suleiman

Singida Region (7/8)|

* Chiligati
* Dewji
* Lwanji
* Missanga
* Mwambu
* Nchemba
* Nyalandu

Tabora Region (9/9)|

* Aziz (resigned in 2011)
* Kafumu (2011–)
* Kapuya
* Kigwangalla
* Mfutakamba
* Nkumba
* Rage
* Sitta
* Sumar
* Zedi

Tanga Region (11/11)|

* Kigoda (died in 2015)
* Kitandula
* Makamba
* Mntangi
* Nassir
* Ngonyani
* Ngwilizi
* Nundu
* Pamba
* Shekifu
* Shellukindo

Pemba Island (0/18)|

– None (The island is the opposition stronghold of the Civic United Front) –

Unguja North Region (7/8)|

* Ali
* K. Ameir
* Haji
* Jaddy
* S. Khamis
* Saleh
* Iddi

Unguja South Region (5/5)|

* Clement
* Issa
* Khatib
* Maalim
* Suluhu

Urban West Region (16/19)|

* A. Ameir
* Chomboh
* Jabu
* Juma
* K. Khamis
* Mabumba
* Masauni
* Mussa
* Mwinyi
* Mzee
* Omar
* Saadalla
* Sereweji
* Silima
* Turky
* Zubeir

Nominated by the President (7/8)|

* Mbarawa
* Mbene
* Meghji
* Migiro
* Muhongo
* Nahodha
* S. Salum

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