Changzhi

For other uses, see Changzhi (disambiguation).

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|

Prefecture-level city in Shanxi, People's Republic of China

Changzhi

长治市

Ch'ang-chih

Prefecture-level city

Location of Changzhi City jurisdiction in Shanxi

Changzhi

Location of the city center in Shanxi

Coordinates (Changzhi government): 36°11′42″N 113°07′01″E﻿ / ﻿36.195°N 113.117°E﻿ / 36.195; 113.117
Country| People's Republic of China
Province| Shanxi
County-level divisions| 13
Incorporated (city)| 1945.10
Municipal seat| Chengqu (Urban District)
Government

• Type| Prefecture-level city
• Communist Party Committee Secretary of Changzhi City| Ma, Tianrong (马天荣)
• Mayor| Xi, Xiaojun (席小军)
Area

• Prefecture-level city

| 13,976 km2 (5,396 sq mi)
• Urban

| 2,619 km2 (1,011 sq mi)
• Metro

| 818 km2 (316 sq mi)
Population

(2020 census)[1]

• Prefecture-level city

| 3,180,884
• Density| 230/km2 (590/sq mi)
• Urban

| 1,687,952
• Urban density| 640/km2 (1,700/sq mi)
• Metro

| 1,214,940
• Metro density| 1,500/km2 (3,800/sq mi)
GDP[2]

• Prefecture-level city| CN¥ 171.2 billion
US$ 26.9 billion
• Per capita| CN¥ 53,810
US$ 8,610
Time zone| UTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code|

046000

Area code| 0355
ISO 3166 code| CN-SX-04
Licence Plate Prefix| 晋D
Administrative division code| 140400
Website| Official website
Changzhi

Simplified Chinese| 长治
Traditional Chinese| 長治
Literal meaning| "Long Rule"
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Chángzhì
Wade–Giles| Ch'ang2-chih4
IPA| [ʈʂʰǎŋ.ʈʂɻ̩̂]
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization| Chèuhngjih
Jyutping| Coeng4-zi6
IPA| [tsʰœŋ˩.tsi˨]

Changzhi (Chinese: 长治) is a prefecture-level city in the southeast of Shanxi Province, China, bordering the provinces of Hebei and Henan to the northeast and east, respectively.[3] Historically, the city was one of the 36 administrative areas (see Administrative Divisions of Qin Dynasty) extant under the reign of the first emperor of a unified China (see Qin Shi Huang).

Nowadays, Changzhi is a transportation centre in Shanxi. Transportations is facilitated by: four controlled-access highways, (Taiyuan-Changzhi, Changzhi-Jincheng, Changzhi-Linfen, and Changzhi-Handan);[4] two railways, (Taiyuan–Jiaozuo Railway and Handan–Changzhi Railway ); three national highways, China National Highway 207, 208 and 309; and Changzhi Wangcun Airport (ITAT Code: CIH, ICAO Code: ZBCZ). Internal transportation also includes a bus and taxi network.

The city is a rising commercial and industrial centre in the southeastern area of Shanxi. In 2011, its GDP ranked 1st out of 11 prefecture-level cities in the province.[5] According to the latest census, in 2020 the city was home to 3,180,884 residents whom 1,214,940 lived in the built-up (or metro) area made of Luzhou and Shangdang Districts. [6]The other 2 urban districts Tunliu and Lucheng are not conurbated yet.

## History

[edit]

In ancient times the area around Changzhi (Including Jincheng) was known as Shangdang.[7] Changzhi was the site of the 1945 Shangdang Campaign, the first battle between the Kuomintang and the People's Liberation Army after the end of World War II. [8]The campaign began in August 1945 and lasted until October. It began when the local Shanxi warlord, Yan Xishan, attempted to retake the region from Communist forces.[9] Yan's forces were eventually defeated by an army led by Liu Bocheng, who was later named one of China's Ten Great Marshals. Liu's political commissar was Deng Xiaoping, who later became China's "paramount leader". The campaign ended with the complete destruction of Yan's army (Jingsui army, 晋绥军), most of which joined the Communists after surrendering. Following the Shangdang Campaign, the Communists remained in control of the region until they won the civil war in 1949.[7]

The area under the control of People's Government of Changzhi City is divided into 12 county-level administration zone. They are 4 districts Luzhou, Lucheng, Shangdang, and Tunliu; and 8 counties Xiangyuan County, Pingshun County, Licheng County, Huguan County, Zhangzi County, Wuxiang County, Qin County, and Qinyuan County. [10]

Map

Luzhou

Lucheng

Shangdang

Tunliu

Xiangyuan
County

Pingshun
County

Licheng
County

Huguan
County

Zhangzi
County

Wuxiang
County

Qin
County

Qinyuan
County

Name  | Hanzi | Hanyu Pinyin | Population (2003 est.)  | Area (km2)  | Density (/km2)
Luzhou District | 潞州区 | Lùzhōu Qū  | 706,000  | 340.6  | 2072.8
Lucheng District | 潞城区 | Lùchéng Qū  | 210,000  | 615  | 341
Shangdang District | 上党区 | Shàngdǎng Qū  | 320,000  | 483  | 663
Tunliu District | 屯留区 | Túnliú Qū  | 240,000  | 1,042  | 230
Xiangyuan County | 襄垣县 | Xiāngyuán Xiàn  | 250,000  | 1,158  | 216
Pingshun County | 平顺县 | Píngshùn Xiàn  | 160,000  | 1,550  | 103
Licheng County | 黎城县 | Líchéng Xiàn  | 160,000  | 1,166  | 137
Huguan County | 壶关县 | Húguān Xiàn  | 280,000  | 1,013  | 276
Zhangzi County | 长子县 | Zhǎngzǐ Xiàn  | 340,000  | 1,029  | 330
Wuxiang County | 武乡县 | Wǔxiāng Xiàn  | 210,000  | 1,610  | 130
Qin County | 沁县 | Qìn Xiàn  | 170,000  | 1,297  | 131
Qinyuan County | 沁源县 | Qìnyuán Xiàn  | 150,000  | 2,556  | 59

* Defunct - Jiao District (Chinese: 郊区; pinyin: Jiāoqū) is largely made up of suburban surround the city center of the metropolitan area.

## Geography

[edit]

A view of the Taihang Mountains in Changzhi

Changzhi is located in southeastern Shanxi province, along the southern section of the Taihang Mountains.[11] The majority of the city's area is mountainous, and much of the remaining geography is hilly in nature.[11] The average elevation in the city is approximately 1,000 metres (3,300 ft) above sea level, with prominent peaks including Liyu Mountain (Chinese: 历峪山; pinyin: Lìyù Shān) and Shigao Mountain (Chinese: 石膏山; pinyin: Shígāo Shān), reaching 2,012 metres (6,601 ft) and 2,541 metres (8,337 ft) above sea level, respectively.[11]

### Climate

[edit]

Changzhi has a rather dry, monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa),[12] with cold and very dry winters, and very warm, somewhat humid summers. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from −4.7 °C (23.5 °F) in January to 22.5 °C (72.5 °F) in July, and the annual mean is 9.89 °C (49.8 °F). Typifying the influence of the East Asian Monsoon, a majority of the annual 547 millimetres (21.5 in) of precipitation occurs from June to August.The annual sunshine hours are 2400-2600 hours, and the average annual frost-free period is 160-180 days.[13]

Climate data for Changzhi, elevation 1,047 m (3,435 ft), (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1971–2010)

Month  | Jan  | Feb  | Mar  | Apr  | May  | Jun  | Jul  | Aug  | Sep  | Oct  | Nov  | Dec  | Year
Record high °C (°F)  | 16.0
(60.8)  | 22.9
(73.2)  | 27.9
(82.2)  | 34.7
(94.5)  | 36.7
(98.1)  | 38.1
(100.6)  | 37.3
(99.1)  | 33.4
(92.1)  | 35.1
(95.2)  | 29.2
(84.6)  | 24.3
(75.7)  | 18.9
(66.0)  | 38.1
(100.6)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F)  | 2.3
(36.1)  | 5.9
(42.6)  | 12.1
(53.8)  | 19.2
(66.6)  | 24.2
(75.6)  | 27.7
(81.9)  | 28.3
(82.9)  | 26.8
(80.2)  | 22.8
(73.0)  | 17.3
(63.1)  | 10.1
(50.2)  | 3.7
(38.7)  | 16.7
(62.1)
Daily mean °C (°F)  | −4.2
(24.4)  | −0.7
(30.7)  | 5.2
(41.4)  | 12.1
(53.8)  | 17.5
(63.5)  | 21.3
(70.3)  | 22.5
(72.5)  | 21.0
(69.8)  | 16.5
(61.7)  | 10.7
(51.3)  | 3.8
(38.8)  | −2.5
(27.5)  | 10.3
(50.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F)  | −9.1
(15.6)  | −5.6
(21.9)  | −0.1
(31.8)  | 6.2
(43.2)  | 11.6
(52.9)  | 15.6
(60.1)  | 18.0
(64.4)  | 16.6
(61.9)  | 11.5
(52.7)  | 5.4
(41.7)  | −1.2
(29.8)  | −7.2
(19.0)  | 5.1
(41.2)
Record low °C (°F)  | −21.9
(−7.4)  | −19.4
(−2.9)  | −15.0
(5.0)  | −6.4
(20.5)  | 0.1
(32.2)  | 4.9
(40.8)  | 11.3
(52.3)  | 7.7
(45.9)  | 0.9
(33.6)  | −6.8
(19.8)  | −18.3
(−0.9)  | −22.2
(−8.0)  | −22.2
(−8.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)  | 5.9
(0.23)  | 10.7
(0.42)  | 11.6
(0.46)  | 30.5
(1.20)  | 55.7
(2.19)  | 73.9
(2.91)  | 137.4
(5.41)  | 109.1
(4.30)  | 63.1
(2.48)  | 37.2
(1.46)  | 18.9
(0.74)  | 5.3
(0.21)  | 559.3
(22.01)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.8  | 4.3  | 4.6  | 6.3  | 8.4  | 10.5  | 13.5  | 12.3  | 9.4  | 7.1  | 5.2  | 3.4  | 88.8
Average snowy days  | 4.9  | 5.3  | 3.7  | 0.9  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0  | 0.1  | 2.6  | 4.3  | 21.8
Average relative humidity (%)  | 53  | 53  | 49  | 49  | 53  | 60  | 76  | 79  | 73  | 64  | 59  | 53  | 60
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 175.8  | 173.0  | 206.6  | 236.8  | 258.5  | 231.2  | 212.1  | 203.4  | 177.7  | 185.6  | 177.2  | 181.9  | 2,419.8
Percentage possible sunshine | 57  | 56  | 55  | 60  | 59  | 53  | 48  | 49  | 48  | 54  | 58  | 61  | 55
Source 1: China Meteorological Administration[14][15]
Source 2: Weather China[16]

### Pollution

[edit]

Changzhi's air quality index is monitored by China's Ministry of Environmental Protection (MEP)[17] and city government. A record of daily air quality is published by the local government.[18]

In 2013, a major chemical spill occurred at a fertilizer plant in Changzhi operated by Tianji Coal Chemical Industry Group, polluting major waterways in the region, and impacting areas downstream, such as the city of Handan.[19] Government officials in Handan blamed the city government of Changzhi for covering up the spill for five days, and remaining silent on the spill for the subsequent two months.[19] In February 2013, the Xinhua News Agency announced the results of an official investigation into the spill, resulting in the punishment of 39 people, including then-mayor of Changzhi, Zhang Bao, who was removed from his position.[19]

In 2019, officials from the Shanxi Provincial Government publicly reprimanded officials from seven cities within the province, including Changzhi, following a noticeable spike in pollution.[20]

## Education

[edit]

### Higher education

[edit]

* Changzhi Medical College
* Changzhi College

### High schools

[edit]

* Changzhi No.1 Middle School
* Changzhi No.2 Middle School
* Changzhi No.3 Middle School
* Changzhi No.4 Middle School
* Changzhi No.5 Middle School
* Changzhi No.6 Middle School
* Changzhi No.7 Middle School
* Changzhi No.8 Middle School
* Changzhi No.9 Middle School
* Changzhi No.10 Middle School
* Changzhi Experimental Middle School
* Changzhi No.12 Middle School
* Changzhi No.13 Middle School
* Changzhi No.14 Middle School
* Changzhi No.15 Middle School
* Changzhi No.16 Middle School
* Changzhi No.17 Middle School
* Changzhi No.18 Middle School
* Changzhi No.19 Middle School
* Tai-Hang Middle School (Subsidiary Middle School of Changzhi College)

## Transportation

[edit]

### Expressways

[edit]

Portions of three National Highways run through Changzhi: China National Highway 207, China National Highway 208, and China National Highway 309.[11] National Highways 207 and 208 run along a north–south axis, while National Highway 309 runs along a west–east axis.[11]

Other major expressways which run through Changzhi include the Changzhi-Handan Expressway [zh], and expressways which link the city to Handan, Jincheng, and Taiyuan.[11] The Changzhi-Linfen Expressway [zh] also runs through the city.[21]

### Railway

[edit]

* Taiyuan–Jiaozuo Railway
* Handan–Changzhi Railway

### Airport

[edit]

* Changzhi Wangcun Airport Changzhi Wangcun Airport is a civil-military airport located 7.5 kilometers north of Changzhi City, Shanxi Province, China, and is operated and managed by Shanxi Civil Aviation Airport Group. It is an important aviation port in Shanxi Province and a national second-class civil aviation airport. It plays a very prominent role in the great practice of transformation and leapfrog development of the city and even the province.[22]

## Notable people

[edit]

* Faxian (334-420), a native of Wuyang, Pingyang County, Sizhou, Eastern Jin Dynasty (now Linfen area, Shanxi Province), was a famous monk in the history of Chinese Buddhism, an outstanding Buddhist reformer, the first Chinese master to go overseas to seek Buddhist scriptures and Dharma, and an outstanding traveler and translator.[23]
* Li Yueru, WNBA center for the Los Angeles Sparks

## External links

[edit]

* Official website of Changzhi Government

* v
* t
* e

Shanxi topics

Taiyuan (capital)

General|

* History
* Politics
* Economy

Geography|

* Cities
* Fen River
* Hutuo River
* Lüliang Mountains
* Mount Heng
* Mount Wutai
* Taihang Mountains
* Xiechi Lake
* Yellow River

Education|

* Shanxi University
* Shanxi Medical University
* Taiyuan Normal University

Culture|

* Zhongyuan Mandarin
* Jin Chinese
* Pu opera
* Shanxi merchants
* Cuisine

Visitor attractions|

* Bianjing Drum Tower
* Dazhai
* Great Wall of China
* Hukou Waterfall
* Jinci
* Mengshan Giant Buddha
* Mount Heng
* Pagoda of Fogong Temple
* Pingyao Ancient City
* Qiao Family Compound
* Tianlongshan Grottoes
* Yanmen Pass
* Yungang Grottoes

* Category
* Commons

* v
* t
* e

County-level divisions of Shanxi Province

Taiyuan (capital)

Prefecture-level cities|

| Taiyuan|

* Xinghualing District
* Xiaodian District
* Yingze District
* Jiancaoping District
* Wanbailin District
* Jinyuan District
* Gujiao city
* Qingxu County
* Yangqu County
* Loufan County

|

Datong|

* Pingcheng District
* Yungang District
* Xinrong District
* Yunzhou District
* Yanggao County
* Tianzhen County
* Guangling County
* Lingqiu County
* Hunyuan County
* Zuoyun County

Yangquan|

* Cheng District
* Kuang District
* Jiao District
* Pingding County
* Yu County

Changzhi|

* Luzhou District
* Lucheng District
* Shangdang District
* Tunliu District
* Xiangyuan County
* Pingshun County
* Licheng County
* Huguan County
* Zhangzi County
* Wuxiang County
* Qin County
* Qinyuan County

Jincheng|

* Cheng District
* Gaoping city
* Zezhou County
* Qinshui County
* Yangcheng County
* Lingchuan County

Shuozhou|

* Shuocheng District
* Pinglu District
* Shanyin County
* Ying County
* Youyu County
* Huairen city

Jinzhong|

* Yuci District
* Taigu District
* Jiexiu city
* Yushe County
* Zuoquan County
* Heshun County
* Xiyang County
* Shouyang County
* Qi County
* Pingyao County
* Lingshi County

Yuncheng|

* Yanhu District
* Yongji city
* Hejin city
* Ruicheng County
* Linyi County
* Wanrong County
* Xinjiang County
* Jishan County
* Wenxi County
* Jiang County
* Pinglu County
* Yuanqu County
* Xia County

Xinzhou|

* Xinfu District
* Yuanping city
* Dingxiang County
* Wutai County
* Dai County
* Fanshi County
* Ningwu County
* Jingle County
* Shenchi County
* Wuzhai County
* Kelan County
* Hequ County
* Baode County
* Pianguan County

Linfen|

* Yaodu District
* Houma city
* Huozhou city
* Quwo County
* Yicheng County
* Xiangfen County
* Hongtong County
* Gu County
* Anze County
* Fushan County
* Ji County
* Xiangning County
* Pu County
* Daning County
* Yonghe County
* Xi County
* Fenxi County

Lüliang|

* Lishi District
* Xiaoyi city
* Fenyang city
* Wenshui County
* Zhongyang County
* Xing County
* Lin County
* Fangshan County
* Liulin County
* Lan County
* Jiaokou County
* Jiaocheng County
* Shilou County

* v
* t
* e

Prefecture-level divisions of China

Notes: *Provincial capitals, ★Sub-provincial cities, ☆Sub-provincial autonomous prefecture *Sub prefectural-level divisions, ✧"Comparatively larger city [zh]" (较大的市) as approved by the State Council

| Provinces|

| Anhui|

* *Hefei
* Wuhu
* Bengbu
* Huainan
* Ma'anshan
* Huaibei
* Tongling
* Anqing
* Huangshan
* Chuzhou
* Fuyang
* Suzhou
* Lu'an
* Bozhou
* Chizhou
* Xuancheng

|

Fujian|

* *Fuzhou
* ★Xiamen
* Putian
* Sanming
* Quanzhou
* Zhangzhou
* Nanping
* Longyan
* Ningde

Gansu|

* *Lanzhou
* Jiayuguan
* Jinchang
* Baiyin
* Tianshui
* Wuwei
* Zhangye
* Pingliang
* Jiuquan
* Qingyang
* Dingxi
* Longnan
* Linxia (Hui)
* Gannan (Tibetan)

Guangdong|

* *★Guangzhou
* ★Shenzhen
* Shaoguan
* Zhuhai
* Shantou
* Foshan
* Jiangmen
* Zhanjiang
* Maoming
* Zhaoqing
* Huizhou
* Meizhou
* Yangjiang
* Shanwei
* Heyuan
* Qingyuan
* Dongguan
* Zhongshan
* Jieyang
* Yunfu

Guizhou|

* *Guiyang
* Liupanshui
* Zunyi
* Anshun
* Bijie
* Tongren
* Qianxinan (Buyei and Miao)
* Qiannan (Buyei and Miao)
* Qiandongnan (Miao and Dong)

Hainan|

* *Haikou
* Sanya
* Danzhou
* Sansha
* *Wuzhishan
* *Qionghai
* *Wenchang
* *Wanning
* *Dongfang
* *Ding'an County
* *Tunchang County
* *Chengmai County
* *Lingao County
* *Baisha County (Li)
* *Changjiang County (Li)
* *Ledong County (Li)
* *Lingshui County (Li)
* *Baoting County (Li and Miao)
* *Qiongzhong County (Li and Miao)

Hebei|

* *Shijiazhuang
* ✧Tangshan
* Qinhuangdao
* Handan
* Xingtai
* Baoding
* Zhangjiakou "Kalgan"
* Chengde
* Cangzhou
* Langfang
* Hengshui

Henan|

* *Zhengzhou
* Kaifeng
* Luoyang
* Pingdingshan
* Anyang
* Hebi
* Xinxiang
* Jiaozuo
* Puyang
* Xuchang
* Luohe
* Sanmenxia
* Nanyang
* Shangqiu
* Xinyang
* Zhoukou
* Zhumadian
* *Jiyuan

Hubei|

* *★Wuhan
* Huangshi
* Shiyan
* Yichang
* Xiangyang
* Ezhou
* Jingmen
* Xiaogan
* Jingzhou
* Huanggang
* Xianning
* Suizhou
* Enshi (Tujia and Miao)
* *Xiantao
* *Qianjiang
* *Tianmen
* *Shennongjia Forestry District

Heilongjiang|

* *★Harbin
* Qiqihar
* Jixi
* Hegang
* Shuangyashan
* Daqing
* Yichun
* Jiamusi
* Qitaihe
* Mudanjiang
* Heihe
* Suihua
* Daxing'anling Prefecture

Hunan|

* *Changsha
* Zhuzhou
* Xiangtan
* Hengyang
* Shaoyang
* Yueyang
* Changde
* Zhangjiajie
* Yiyang
* Chenzhou
* Yongzhou
* Huaihua
* Loudi
* Xiangxi (Tujia and Miao)

Jilin|

* *★Changchun
* Jilin
* Siping
* Liaoyuan
* Tonghua
* Baishan
* Songyuan
* Baicheng
* Yanbian (Korean)

Jiangsu|

* *★Nanjing
* Wuxi
* Xuzhou
* Changzhou
* ✧Suzhou
* Nantong
* Lianyungang
* Huai'an
* Yancheng
* Yangzhou
* Zhenjiang
* Taizhou
* Suqian

Jiangxi|

* *Nanchang
* Jingdezhen
* Pingxiang
* Jiujiang
* Xinyu
* Yingtan
* Ganzhou
* Ji'an
* Yichun
* Fuzhou
* Shangrao

Liaoning|

* *★Shenyang
* ★Dalian
* Anshan
* Fushun
* Benxi
* Dandong
* Jinzhou
* Yingkou
* Fuxin
* Liaoyang
* Panjin
* Tieling
* Chaoyang
* Huludao

Qinghai|

* *Xining
* Haidong
* Haibei (Tibetan)
* Huangnan (Tibetan)
* Hainan (Tibetan)
* Golog "Guolog" (Tibetan)
* Yushu (Tibetan)
* Haixi "Qaidam" (Mongol and Tibetan)

Sichuan|

* *★Chengdu
* Zigong
* Panzhihua
* Luzhou
* Deyang
* Mianyang
* Guangyuan
* Suining
* Neijiang
* Leshan
* Nanchong
* Meishan
* Yibin
* Guang'an
* Dazhou
* Bazhong
* Ziyang
* Ya'an
* Ngawa "Aba" (Tibetan and Qiang)
* Garzê "Ganzi" (Tibetan)
* Liangshan (Yi)

Shaanxi|

* *★Xi'an
* Tongchuan
* Baoji
* Xianyang
* Weinan
* Yan'an
* Hanzhong
* Yulin
* Ankang
* Shangluo

Shandong|

* *★Jinan
* ★Qingdao
* Zibo
* Zaozhuang
* Dongying
* Yantai
* Weifang
* Jining
* Tai'an
* Weihai
* Rizhao
* Linyi
* Dezhou
* Liaocheng
* Binzhou
* Heze

Shanxi|

* *Taiyuan
* Datong
* Yangquan
* Changzhi
* Jincheng
* Shuozhou
* Jinzhong
* Yuncheng
* Xinzhou
* Linfen
* Lüliang

Taiwan|

* *Taibei
* Gaoxiong
* Xinbei
* Taizhong
* Tainan
* Taoyuan

Yunnan|

* *Kunming
* Qujing
* Yuxi
* Baoshan
* Zhaotong
* Lijiang
* Pu'er
* Lincang
* Chuxiong (Yi)
* Honghe (Hani and Yi)
* Wenshan (Zhuang and Miao)
* Xishuangbanna (Dai)
* Dali (Bai)
* Dehong (Dai and Jingpo)
* Nujiang (Lisu)
* Dêqên (Tibetan)

Zhejiang|

* *★Hangzhou
* ★Ningbo
* ✧Wenzhou
* Jiaxing
* Huzhou
* Shaoxing
* Jinhua
* Quzhou
* Zhoushan
* Taizhou
* Lishui

Autonomous
regions|

| Guangxi|

* *Nanning
* Liuzhou
* Guilin
* Wuzhou
* Beihai
* Fangchenggang
* Qinzhou
* Guigang
* Yulin
* Baise
* Hezhou
* Hechi
* Laibin
* Chongzuo

|

Ningxia|

* *Yinchuan
* Shizuishan
* Wuzhong
* Guyuan
* Zhongwei

Inner
Mongolia|

* *Hohhot
* ✧Baotou
* Wuhai
* Chifeng "Ulankhad"
* Tongliao
* Ordos
* Hulunbuir
* Bayannur "Bayannao'er"
* Ulanqab
* Hinggan League
* Xilingol League
* Alxa League "Ālāshàn League"

Xinjiang|

* *Ürümqi
* Karamay
* Turpan
* Hami
* Changji (Hui)
* Bortala (Mongol)
* Bayingolin (Mongol)
* Kizilsu (Kyrgyz)
* ( ☆Ili (Kazakh)
* Tacheng Prefecture
* Altay Prefecture )
* Aksu Prefecture
* Kashgar "Kashi" Prefecture
* Hotan Prefecture
* *Shihezi
* *Aral
* *Tumxuk
* *Wujiaqu
* *Beitun
* *Tiemenguan
* *Shuanghe
* *Kokdala
* *Kunyu
* *Huyanghe
* *Xinxing

Tibet|

* *Lhasa
* Shigatse "Xigazê"
* Chamdo "Qamdo"
* Nyingchi "Linzhi"
* Shannan
* Nagqu
* Ngari Prefecture

| Direct-administered municipalities|

* Beijing
* Tianjin
* Shanghai
* Chongqing

|

Special administrative regions|

* Hong Kong
* Macau

See also: List of prefectures in China, List of cities in China

## Notes and references

[edit]

1. ^ "China: Shānxī (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map".
2. ^ 山西省统计局、国家统计局山西调查总队 (December 2021). 《山西统计年鉴－2021》. China Statistics Press. ISBN 978-7-5037-7824-7.
3. ^ "中华人民共和国行政区划代码-长治市". tool.huiruisoft.com. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
4. ^ 澎湃, 交通 (2021-02-08). "全了！18个铁路局大集合，你就职于哪家？".
5. ^ Statistics Report of Changzhi Economy in 2011 (In Chinese)
6. ^ "2024年[山西]长治市人口总人数口有多少和第七次人口普查结果 年龄金字塔结构 民族组成情况-红黑人口库". www.hongheiku.com. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
7. ^ a b Lew, Christopher R. The Third Chinese Revolutionary War, 1945-1949: An Analysis of Communist Strategy and Leadership. The USA and Canada: Routelage. 2009, p.22–23. ISBN 0-415-77730-5
8. ^ "上党战役". www.handandangshi.gov.cn. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
9. ^ "解放战争揭幕战：上党战役 - 中国国防报 - 中国军网". www.81.cn. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
10. ^ "长治市行政区划_区划地名网（行政区划网）". www.xzqh.org. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
11. ^ a b c d e f 地理位置 [Geographic Position] (in Chinese). Changzhi Municipal People's Government. 2013-12-18. Archived from the original on 2017-06-06. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
12. ^ Peel, M. C., Finlayson, B. L., and McMahon, T. A.: Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci., 11, 1633-1644, doi:10.5194/hess-11-1633-2007, 2007.
13. ^ "长治 - 气象数据 -中国天气网". www.weather.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
14. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
15. ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 26 August 2023.
16. ^ 长治城市介绍以及气候背景分析. weather.com.cn (in Simplified Chinese). Retrieved 27 July 2015.
17. ^ "Air Quality Database of Key Cities in China, in Chinese". Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2013-03-08.
18. ^ Changzhi City Environmental Protection Archived 2013-12-30 at the Wayback Machine
19. ^ a b c Wong, Edward (2013-03-02). "Spill in China Underlines Environmental Concerns". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
20. ^ "China coal hub Shanxi slams seven cities for pollution spike in 2019". Reuters. 2019-06-21. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
21. ^ 山西里程最长的高速公路长临高速预计10月全线通车 [Shanxi’s longest expressway, Changlin Expressway, is expected to open to traffic in October]. The Paper (in Chinese). 2018-08-06. Archived from the original on 2021-06-03. Retrieved 2021-06-02.
22. ^ "山西省长治王村机场新航站楼正式启用-中国民航网". www.caacnews.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-05-06.
23. ^ "长治市名人录-山西省长治市名人大全". famous.usatour.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-05-06.

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