Chekiang Province, Republic of China

Former province of the Republic of China

This article is about the former province of the Republic of China. For Zhejiang Province of the People's Republic of China, see Zhejiang.

You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Chinese.  (November 2020) Click [show] for important translation instructions.

*   * Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
* Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
* You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is `Content in this edit is translated from the existing Chinese Wikipedia article at [[:zh:浙江省 (中華民國)]]; see its history for attribution.`
* You may also add the template `{{Translated|zh|浙江省 (中華民國)}}` to the talk page.
* For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

|

Chekiang Province

浙江省

Province of the Republic of China
1912–1955

Map showing Chekiang Province under de jure ROC control.

Chekiang Province under ROC control, between 1949 and 1955.
Capital| Hangzhou (de jure)[a]
Area|

• 1947

| 102,646 km2 (39,632 sq mi)
Population|

• 1947

| 19,942,112
History|

• Established

| 1912

• Territory captured by the PRC

| 1955

Preceded by | Succeeded by

|

|  | Zhejiang

|

| Zhejiang |

|

Today part of| China
∟ Zhejiang

Chekiang was a province of the Republic of China (ROC) created after the end of the Qing dynasty. It was conquered by the People's Republic of China (PRC) in 1955.

The ROC abandoned Mainland China at the end of the Chinese Civil War, and Chekiang was reduced to coastal islands including Yushan, Toumenshan, Yijiangshan, Dachen, Pishan and Nanji.[1] The ROC attacked the PRC from Chekiang, with raids on Zhejiang and occasionally areas near Shanghai.[2] The province was seven organized into counties \- Wenling, Linhai, Huangyan, Pinyang, Sanmen, Yueqing and Yuhuan. ROC President Chiang Kai-shek appointed General Hu Zongnan to establish the provincial government on the Dachen Islands in September 1951 to fight PRC. Chekiang was reorganized into four counties − Wenling, Linhai, Pinyang and Yuhuan − in 1952. Sanmen became the Yushan Administrative Bureau. The Zhuyu Administrative Bureau was also established. The administrative bureaus were intended to manage trade with Mainland China. In 1953, the administrative bureaus were abolished and the provincial government relocated to Taiwan in 1953.

In 1955, the PRC captured the remainder of Chekiang during the First Taiwan Strait Crisis. The PRC captured Yijiangshan in January.[3] The ROC evacuated the Dachens in February,[4] with the PRC occupying the Dachens by the end of the month. The Chekiang government was dissolved.

## List of governors

[edit]

Non-partisan/ unknown Unity Party Republican Party Military/ Warlords Kuomintang/ National Revolutionary Army

### Military governors

[edit]

№  | Portrait  | Name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office  | Political party

|
|
|
|

1  |  | Tang Shouqian
湯壽潛

(1856–1917) | 4 November 1911 (nominated on 4 November 1911)[5] | 1 January 1912[5] |
Served as provincial military governor (dudu 都督)[5]
2  |  | Jiang Zungui
蔣尊簋

(1882–1931) | 12 July 1912 (nominated on 16 January 1912)[5] | 23 July 1912[5] | Unity Party
Also served as head of the civil government during his tenure as military governor.[5]
3  |  | Zhu Rui

(1883–1916) | 23 July 1912[5] | 11 April 1916[5] | Republican Party
Served as provincial general (jiangjun 將軍) from 30 June 1914; also served as head of the civil government 23 July 1912 – 10 September 1913. Eventually fled the province.[5]
4  |  | Qu Yingguang
屈映光

(1881–1973) | 14 April 1916 (nominated on 12 April 1916)[5] | 5 May 1916[5] |
Acting military governor. Also served as de facto head of the civil government from 10 September 1913 to 6 July 1916, and as "pacification commissioner" (xun'anshi 巡按使) from 25 May 1914[5]
5  |  | Lü Gongwang
呂公望

(1879–1954) | 6 July 1916 (nominated on 5 May 1916)[5] | 1 January 1917[5] |
Also served as de facto head of the civil government, namely "provincial head" (shengzhang 省長) during his tenure.[5]
6  |  | Yang Shande
楊善德

(1873–1919) | 1 January 1917[5] | 13 August 1919[5] | Anhui clique
Died in office.[5]
7  |  | Lu Yongxiang
盧永祥
Lú Yǒngxiáng
(1867–1933) | 14 August 1919[5] | 20 September 1924[5] | Anhui clique
Served as "provincial superintendent" (duban 督辦) from 20 June 1922.[5]
8  |  | Sun Chuanfang
孫傳芳
Sūn Chuánfāng
(1885–1935) | 20 September 1924[5] | 19 December 1926[5] | Zhili clique
Sun initially served as "provincial supervisor" (duli 督理), and as "provincial superintendent" (duban 督辦) from 16 January 1925.[5] He mostly ruled through subordinates, most notably appointing Lu Xiangting as "military commander-in-chief" (de facto military governor) in January 1926.[6]
(9)  |  | Lu Xiangting | 25 January 1926[6] | ?  | Zhili clique
Served as "military commander-in-chief" of the province.[6]
10  |  | Jiang Zungui | 19 December 1926[5] | 29 December 1926[5] | Zhili clique
11  |  | Meng Zhaoyue | 29 December 1926[5] | 17 February 1927[5] | Zhili clique

### Civil governors

[edit]

№  | Portrait  | Name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office  | Political party

|
|
|
|

1  |  | Lü Gongwang
呂公望

(1879–1954) | 1916 | January 1917  |
2  |  | Qi Yaoshan
齊耀珊

(1865–1954) | January 1917 | 24 June 1920  |
3  |  | Shen Jinjian
沈金鑒

(1875–1924) | 24 June 1920 | 29 October 1922  |
4  |  | Zhang Zaiyang
張載揚

(1874–1945) | 29 October 1922 | ?  |
5  |  | Xia Chao

(1882–1926) | 1924 | 23 October 1926  | Zhili clique
| NRA
6  |  | Chen Yi

Chén Yí
(1883–1950) | October 1925 | July 1927  | Zhili clique
| NRA

### Chairperson of the Provincial Government

[edit]

№  | Portrait  | Name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office  | Political party

|
|
|
|

1  |  | Zhang Renjie
張靜江

(1877–1950) | 27 July 1927 | 5 October 1927  | Kuomintang
2  |  | He Yingqin
何應欽
Hé Yìngqīn
(1890–1987) | 5 October 1927 | 7 November 1928  | Kuomintang
(1) |  | Zhang Renjie
張靜江

(1877–1950) | 7 November 1928 | 4 December 1930  | Kuomintang
3  |  | Zhang Nanxian
張難先

(1873–1968) | 4 December 1930 | 15 December 1931  | Kuomintang
4  |  | Lu Diping
魯滌平

(1887–1935) | 15 December 1931 | 12 December 1934  | Kuomintang
5  |  | Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑

(1895–1966) | 12 December 1934 | 25 July 1936  | Kuomintang
6  |  | Bai Chongxi
白崇禧

(1893–1966) | 25 July 1936 | 6 September 1936  | Kuomintang
Refused to take office; Director of Civil Affairs Department Xu Qingfu acted as Chairperson.
(5) |  | Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑

(1895–1966) | 6 September 1936 | 2 December 1936  | Kuomintang
7  |  | Zhu Jiahua
朱家驊
Zhū Jiāhuá
(1893–1963) | 12 December 1934 | 26 November 1937  | Kuomintang
(5) |  | Huang Shaohong
黃紹竑

(1895–1966) | 26 November 1937 | 26 March 1946  | Kuomintang
8  |  | Shen Honglie
沈鴻烈

(1882–1969) | 26 March 1946 | 22 June 1948  | Kuomintang
9  |  | Chen Yi

Chén Yí
(1883–1950) | 22 June 1948 | 21 February 1949  | Kuomintang
10  |  | Zhou Yan

(1895–1953) | 21 February 1949 | 6 December 1949  | Kuomintang
11  |  | Shi Jue

(1908–1986) | 7 December 1949 | 13 May 1950  | Kuomintang
12  |  | Hu Zongnan
胡宗南
(1896–1962) | 19 October 1950 | 23 July 1953  | Kuomintang
Evacuated to Taiwan 23 July 1953.

## See also

[edit]

* Zhejiang Province
* Dachen Islands
* Yijiangshan Islands
* Battle of Dachen Archipelago
* Battle of Yijiangshan Islands
* Fujian Province, Republic of China and Taiwan Province

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^

* Hangzhou (1912–37)
* Jinhua (1937–38)
* Yongkang (1938–41)
* Songyang (1941)
* Yongkang (1941–42)
* Songyang (1942)
* Yunhe (1942–45)
* Hangzhou (1945–49)
* Dinghai (1949–50)
* Wenling (1953–54)
* Taipei (in exile, 1954–55)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "三軍渡海攻占一江山島 (Chinese Version)". Archived from the original on 2016-03-03. Retrieved 2008-03-08.
2. ^ Domes, Jurgen. Peng Te-huai: The Man and the Image, London: C. Hurst & Company. 1985. ISBN 0-905838-99-8. p.66
3. ^ McCauley, Kevin (13 September 2016). "PLA Yijiangshan Joint Amphibious Operation: Past is Prologue". Retrieved 12 April 2024.
4. ^ 1955: US evacuates Pacific islands
5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab "Military and Civilian Governors of Zhejiang 1911-1949". Chinaknowledge. Retrieved 2 November 2018.
6. ^ a b c Jordan (1976), p. 132.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Jordan, Donald A. (1976). "Provincialism within the Chinese National Revolution: The Case of Chekiang, 1926–1927". In F. Gilbert Chan; Thomas H. Etzold (eds.). China in the 1920s. Nationalism and Revolution. New York City, London: Franklin Watts. ISBN 0-531-05383-0.

## External links

[edit]

* "Cheh-kiang" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 23.

* v
* t
* e

Administrative divisions of the Republic of China

* before 1949
* after 1949

Current|

| Provinces|

* Taiwan
* Fuchien

|

Special Municipality|

* Taipei
* New Taipei
* Taoyuan
* Taichung
* Tainan
* Kaohsiung

Claimed|

| Provinces|

* Kiangsu [zh]
* Chekiang
* Anhwei [zh]
* Kiangsi [zh]
* Hupeh [zh]
* Hunan [zh]
* Szechwan [zh]
* Sikang
* Kwangtung [zh]
* Kwangsi [zh]
* Yunnan
* Kweichow [zh]
* Hopeh [zh]
* Shantung [zh]
* Honan [zh]
* Shansi [zh]
* Shensi [zh]
* Kansu [zh]
* Ningsia [zh]
* Tsinghai [zh]
* Suiyuan
* Chahar
* Jehol
* Liaoning [zh]
* Antung
* Liaopeh
* Kirin [zh]
* Sungkiang
* Hokiang
* Heilungkiang [zh]
* Nunkiang
* Hsingan
* Sinkiang

|

Special Municipality|

* Nanking
* Shanghai
* Peiping
* Tsingtao
* Tientsin
* Chungking
* Dairen
* Haerhpin
* Hankou
* Kwangchow
* Sian
* Shenyang

Special administrative regions|

* Hainan [zh]

Areas [zh]|

* Tibet

Portals:

* China
* Taiwan

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template