Chief Executive of Macau

Head of the Macau Government

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Chief Executive of Macao Special Administrative Region

澳門特別行政區行政長官
Chefe do Executivo da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau

Emblem of Macau

Incumbent
Sam Hou Fai

since 20 December 2024

Style|

* Chief Executive (特首, Chefe do Executivo)
(informal)
* The Honourable (尊貴的[citation needed], Sua Excelência)
(formal)

Type| Head of government
Residence| Macau Government Headquarters
Nominator| Election Committee
Appointer| Central People's Government (Decree signed by Premier)
Term length| Five years, renewable once
Constituting instrument| Macau Basic Law
Inaugural holder| Edmund Ho
Formation| 20 December 1999; 25 years ago (1999-12-20)
Website| gce.gov.mo
Chief Executive of Macau

Chinese name
Traditional Chinese| 澳門特別行政區行政長官
Simplified Chinese| 澳门特别行政区行政长官
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Àomén Tèbié Xíngzhèngqū Xíngzhèng Zhǎngguān
Wade–Giles| Ao4-mên2 Tʻê4-pieh2 Hsing2-cheng4-chü1 Hsing2-chêng4 Chang3-kuan1
Yue: Cantonese
Yale Romanization| Oumún Hàhngjing Jéunggūn
Jyutping| Ou3mun2 Hang4zing3 Zoeng2gun1
Commonly abbreviated as
Traditional Chinese| 澳門特首
Simplified Chinese| 澳门特首
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Àomén Tèshǒu
Wade–Giles| Ao4-mên2 Tʻê4-shou3
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping| Ou3mun2 dak6sau2
Portuguese name
Portuguese| Chefe do Executivo da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China

Politics and government of Macau

Laws

* Basic Law

* National security law
* One country, two systems
* Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration

* Capital punishment in Macau
* Law enforcement in Macau
* Human rights

* LGBT rights in Macau

Executive

* Chief Executive: Sam Hou Fai
* Executive Council
* Secretariats

* Administration and Justice
* Economy and Finance
* Security
* Social Affairs and Culture
* Transport and Public Works

* Principal offices

* Commission Against Corruption
* Commission of Audit
* Procurator General
* Commissioner General of the Police Services
* Director General of the Customs

* Government Laboratory

* Health Bureau
* Post and Telecommunications

Legislature

* Legislative Assembly

* President: Kou Hoi In
* Members
* Directly elected members
* Indirectly elected members
* Appointed members

* Political camps:

* Pro-Beijing camp
* Pro-democracy camp

Judiciary

* Court of Final Appeal

* President: Song Man Lei

* Tribunal de Segunda Instância
* Tribunal Judicial de Base
* Tribunal Administrativo

Districts

* Parishes
* Nossa Senhora de Fátima
* Santo António
* São Lázaro
* São Lourenço
* Sé
* Nossa Senhora do Carmo
* São Francisco Xavier
* Areas
* Zona do Aterro de Cotai
* Ilha de Montanha (Hengqin)
* Novos Aterros Urbanos de Macau Zone A
* Zona de Administração de Macau na Ilha Fronteiriça Artificial da Ponte Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau

Elections

* Political parties
* Legislative elections

* 2021

Foreign relations

Documents

* Macau Resident Identity Card
* Macau SAR Passport
* Portuguese Passport

Consular missions in Macau

* Hong Kong–Macau relations
* Macau–United States relations
* Macau–Peru relations

Macau–China relations

* Macau Liaison Office
* Macau Office in Beijing
* Mainland and Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement

Related topics

* Culture
* Economy
* Education
* Geography
* History

* v
* t
* e

Politics of China

Leadership

Leadership generations
Succession of power

* Hu–Wen Administration (2002–2012)
* Xi–Li Administration (2012–2017)
* Xi's general secretaryship (since 2012)
* 4th Leadership Core: Xi Jinping
* 20th Party Politburo: Xi Jinping
* 14th State Council: Li Qiang
* Current state leaders
* Current provincial leaders

Party and state leaders
Orders of precedence

* Paramount leader: Xi Jinping

First lady: Peng Liyuan

* Communist Party leader: Xi Jinping
* State representative: Xi Jinping
* Head of government: Li Qiang
* Congress Chairman: Zhao Leji
* Conference Chairman: Wang Huning
* Commander-in-chief: Xi Jinping
* Politburo Standing Committee longest-serving members

Related systems

* Unified power
* Democratic centralism
* Collective leadership
* Organization Department
* Elections
* Civil service

* Constitution
* Law

* Constitution

Previous constitutions

* 1954
* 1975
* 1978

* "People's democratic dictatorship" (Article 1)

* Democratic centralism (Article 3)
* Constitutional oath of office (Article 27)
* Protection of human rights (Article 33)
* Freedom of religion (Article 36)
* Highest state organ of power (Article 57)

* * *

* Chinese legal system
* Civil law tradition
* Socialist law tradition
* Laws
* Legislation Law
* List of statutes

* * *

* General Principles of the Civil Law (to 2020)
* Civil Code (from 2021)
* Marriage Law
* Labour law
* Labour Law
* Labour Contract Law
* Property law
* Property Law
* Intellectual property law
* Patent law

* * *

* Administrative law
* Administrative Procedure Law

* * *

* Criminal law
* Capital punishment
* Capital offences
* Death sentence with reprieve

Communist Party

History

* Principal leaders

Constitution and ideology

*     * Admission Oath (Article 6)
* Socialism with Chinese characteristics

* Communism
* Marxism–Leninism
* Mao Zedong Thought
* Deng Xiaoping Theory

Primary stage of socialism
Four Cardinal Principles
* Three Represents
* Scientific Outlook on Development

Harmonious Socialist Society

* Xi Jinping Thought

Chinese Dream
* Democracy
* Whole-process people's democracy

Organization

*     * National Party Congress (20th)
* Central Committee (20th)

General Secretary (list)

Xi Jinping
* Central Politburo (20th)

Standing Committee (20th)

* Central Secretariat (20th)
* First-ranked secretary: Cai Qi
* Central Military Commission

Chairman: Xi Jinping

Vice Chairmen:

Zhang Youxia, He Weidong
* National Security Commission

Chairman: Xi Jinping

Vice-Chairman:

Li Qiang, Zhao Leji, Cai Qi

Office Chief: Cai Qi

* Comprehensively Deepening Reforms Commission

Director: Xi Jinping

Deputy Directors:

Li Qiang, Wang Huning, Cai Qi

Secretary-General: Wang Huning

* Financial & Economic Affairs Commission

Director: Xi Jinping

Deputy Director: Li Qiang

Office Chief: He Lifeng

* General Office

Director: Cai Qi
* Office of the General Secretary

Director: Han Shiming
* Central Guard Bureau
* Central Guard Unit
* Office of the Central Secrecy Commission
* Organization Department

Head: Shi Taifeng
* Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (20th)
* Standing Committee (20th)

Secretary: Li Xi
* Commission for Discipline Inspection of the Central Military Commission

Secretary: Zhang Shengmin
* Central Leading Group for Inspection Work

Leader: Li Xi

* * *

* Provincial committee
* Standing committee

Secretary
Deputy secretaries
* Party group

National People's Congress (14th)

* Elections
* Democracy
* System of people's congress
* Standing Committee (14th)
* Council of Chairpersons

Chairman: Zhao Leji

Vice-Chairpersons

Top-ranked: Li Hongzhong
Secretary-General: Liu Qi
* Special Committees
1. Ethnic Affairs
2. Constitution and Law
3. Supervisory and Judicial Affairs
4. Financial and Economic Affairs
5. Education, Science, Culture and Public Health
6. Foreign Affairs
7. Overseas Chinese Affairs
8. Environmental Protection and Resources Conservation
9. Agriculture and Rural Affairs
10. Social Development Affairs
* Presidium

State representative

*     * President (list): Xi Jinping

* Presidential Office

Chief: Han Shiming
* Vice President: Han Zheng

Executive organ

*     * State Council (Central People's Government)
* Li Qiang Cabinet

Premier (list): Li Qiang

Vice-Premiers (list)

* Ding Xuexiang
* He Lifeng
* Zhang Guoqing
* Liu Guozhong

State Councilors

* Wang Xiaohong
* Wu Zhenglong
* Shen Yiqin

Secretary-General: Wu Zhenglong

* Cabinet-level departments
* National Development & Reform Commission
* Central bank
* National Audit Office
* General Office

Secretary-General
Deputy Secretaries-General
* State-owned Assets Supervision & Administration Commission
* most Central Enterprises

Military organ

*     * Central Military Commission (CMC)

Chairman (supreme commander):

Xi Jinping
Vice Chairmen:

* Zhang Youxia
* He Weidong

Members:

* Liu Zhenli
* Miao Hua
* Zhang Shengmin

Departments:
1. General Office

Director: Zhong Shaojun
2. Joint Staff Dept.

Chief: Liu Zhenli
3. Political Work Dept.

Director: Miao Hua
4. Logistic Support Dept.

Director: Zhang Lin
5. Equipment Development Dept.

Director: Xu Xueqiang
6. Training and Administration Dept.

Director: Wang Peng
7. National Defense Mobilization Dept.

Director: Liu Faqing
8. Discipline Inspection Commission

Secretary: Zhang Shengmin
9. Politics and Legal Affairs Commission
10. Science and Technology Commission
11. Strategic Planning Office
12. Reform & Organizational Structure Office
13. Int'l Military Cooperation Office
14. Audit Office
15. Offices Administration Agency
National armed forces:

People's Liberation Army

Theater commands
People's Armed Police

1st Mobile Contingent
2nd Mobile Contingent
China Coast Guard
Militia
* State Council

National Defense Mobilization Commission

Chairman: Li Qiang

Ministry of National Defense

Minister: Dong Jun

Ministry of Veterans Affairs
State Administration for Sci., Tech. & Industry for National Defense

Military history
* Armed conflicts
* Military modernization
* Military reform since 2015
* CMC Leading Group for Military Reform

Leader: Xi Jinping

Supervisory organ

*     * National Supervisory Commission

Director: Liu Jinguo

* * *

* Corruption in China
* Anti-corruption campaign since 2012

* * *

* Independent Commission Against Corruption (Hong Kong)

* * *

* Commission Against Corruption (Macau)

Judicial organs

*     * Supreme People's Court

President: Zhang Jun

People's Courts Judicial Police
* Supreme People's Procuratorate

Procurator-General: Ying Yong

People's Procuratorates Judicial Police

* * *

* Judiciary of Hong Kong
* Court of Final Appeal
* Department of Justice
* Prosecutions Division
* Law enforcement in Hong Kong
* Disciplined Services
* Security Bureau
* Hong Kong Police Force

* * *

* Judiciary of Macau
* Court of Final Appeal
* Public Prosecutions Office
* Secretariat for Security
* Macau Security Force
* Unitary Police Services [zh]
* Public Security Police
* Judiciary Police [zh]

United front

* System of multi-party cooperation and political consultation
* Political Consultative Conference
* National Committee (14th)

Chairman: Wang Huning

Vice-Chairpersons

Top-ranked: Shi Taifeng
Secretary-General: Wang Dongfeng
* Political parties:

CCP (ruling)

United Front Work Department

Head: Li Ganjie
Democratic parties

* RCCK
* CDL
* CNDCA
* CAPD
* CPWDP
* CZGP
* JS
* TDSL

Historical parties:

* KMT
* CDSP
* YCP

* Federation of Industry and Commerce
* People's organizations

* Law enforcement

* CCP Central Politics and Law Commission

Secretary: Chen Wenqing

* Enforced disappearance
* Ministry of Public Security

Minister: Wang Xiaohong

Public Security Organs People's Police
* State Immigration Administration
* Local public security bureaus
* Ministry of State Security

Minister: Chen Yixin

State Security Organs People's Police
* Ministry of Justice

Minister: He Rong

Judicial Administrative Organs People's Police
People's Armed Police

1st Mobile Contingent
2nd Mobile Contingent
China Coast Guard
* Bureau of Prison Administration [zh]
* Office for Safeguarding National Security

* * *

* Urban Management (chengguan)

Propaganda

* Central Leading Group for Propaganda, Ideology and Culture

Leader: Cai Qi

Deputy Leaders: Li Shulei, Shen Yiqin

* Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization

Director: Cai Qi

Deputy Director: Li Shulei

* Publicity Department of the Chinese Communist Party

Head: Li Shulei

* General Administration of Press and Publication
* China Film Administration
* State Council Information Office
* China Daily
* Ministry of Culture and Tourism
* National Radio and Television Administration
* China Media Group
* China Central Television
* China Global Television Network
* China National Radio
* China Radio International
* Xinhua News Agency
* Reference News
* China News Service
* People's Daily
* Global Times
* China Today

* * *

* Censorship in China
* Great Cannon
* Great Firewall
* Overseas censorship
* Radio jamming
* Media of China
* Internal media
* International communication centers
* Publishing industry in China

* * *

* Internet in China
* Internet censorship
* Central Cyberspace Affairs Commission

Director: Cai Qi

* Cyberspace Administration of China

Director: Zhuang Rongwen

* Hong Kong
* Macau

* Central Leading Group on Hong Kong and Macau Affairs

Leader: Ding Xuexiang
* HK & Macau Affairs Office

Director: Xia Baolong
* Hong Kong Liaison Office
* Macau Liaison Office
* One country, two systems
* Special administrative regions

* * *

* Hong Kong Basic Law
* Chief Executive: John Lee Ka-chiu
* Hong Kong SAR Government
* Politics of Hong Kong
* Pro-Beijing camp
* Pro-democracy camp
* Independence movement
* Mainland & HK CEPA

* * *

* Macao Basic Law
* Chief Executive: Ho Iat-seng
* Macau SAR Government
* Politics of Macau
* Mainland & Macau CEPA

Cross-strait relations

* Cross-strait relations
* Chinese Civil War
* One China
* Political status of Taiwan
* Republic of China on Taiwan
* Taiwan Area
* "Taiwan Province", PRC
* Taiwan independence movement
* Anti-Secession Law
* Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement
* Cross-Strait Service Trade Agreement
* Chinese unification

* * *

* Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs

Leader: Xi Jinping
Deputy Leader: Wang Huning
* Taiwan Affairs Office

Director: Song Tao
* Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits

Foreign relations

* Central Foreign Affairs Commission

Director: Xi Jinping
Deputy Director: Li Qiang
Secretary-General: Wang Yi
* Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Minister: Wang Yi
Spokespersons
Diplomatic missions

* * *

* Diplomatic missions of China / in China

* * *

* Foreign aid from China / to China
* International Development Cooperation Agency
* Ministry of Commerce
* Exim Bank of China
* China Development Bank
* Belt and Road Initiative
* Silk Road Fund
* Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank
* BRICS
* New Development Bank

* * *

* Ministry of National Defense
* International Military Cooperation Office

* * *

* NPC Foreign Affairs Committee
* CCP International Department
* State Administration of Foreign Experts Affairs
* Overseas Chinese Affairs Office

* * *

* Chinese nationality law
* Chinese passports (Hong Kong; Macau)
* Visa requirements for Chinese citizens (Hong Kong, Macau)
* Visa policy of China (Hong Kong; Macau)
* National Immigration Administration

* * *

* Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence
* Panda diplomacy
* Beijing Consensus
* Community of Common Destiny

* * *

* China and the United Nations
* China and the World Trade Organization
* Shanghai Cooperation Organisation

* * *

* China–Africa relations
* China–Arab relations
* China–Caribbean relations
* China–European Union relations
* China–Latin America relations
* China–Pacific relations
* China–Russia relations
* China–United States relations

Related topics

* Administrative divisions
* Chinese information operations
* Ethnic minorities
* Family planning
* Hukou system
* Human rights in China
* Chinese intelligence activity abroad

China portal

* Other countries

* v
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* e

The chief executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region (Chinese: 澳門特別行政區行政長官; Portuguese: Chefe do Executivo da Região Administrativa Especial de Macau) is the head of government of Macau, a special administrative region of China. The position replaced the office of Governor of Macau, the former head of Macau as an overseas province of Portugal. Under the Basic Law of Macau, the chief executive's role is to:

> ...be the head of the Macau Special Administrative Region and shall represent the Region. The Chief Executive of the Macau Special Administrative Region shall be accountable to the Central People's Government and the Macau Special Administrative Region in accordance with the provisions of this Law.

The current chief executive is Sam Hou Fai. His office is located at the Macau Government Headquarters, formerly the Governor's House (from 1883 to 1926) and the Governor's office (from 1926 to 1999). The CE has used this as his office since 2009.

## History

[edit]

The office was created by the first session of the 8th National People's Congress of the People's Republic of China on 31 March 1993 and came into effect on 20 December 1999.

## Election

[edit]

Main article: List of Macanese Chief Executive elections

The chief executive is selected by election or through consultations held locally and must be appointed by the Central People's Government (State Council) headed by the Premier before taking office. The term of office of the chief executive shall be five years and may serve for not more than two consecutive terms.

Any candidate running for Chief Executive are required to satisfy the following requirements:

* has reached 40 years of age upon the end of the nomination period;
* is a permanent resident of Macau;
* is a Chinese citizen
* has no right of abode in any country other than the People’s Republic of China, or pledges to renounce his or her right of abode in any country other than the PRC before his or her inauguration;
* has ordinary resided in Macau upon the end of the nomination period; and
* is registered as an elector and logged onto the Registers, and is not a person without rights to stand for elections.

## Powers

[edit]

The powers of the chief executive are outlined in the region's Basic Law:

1. To lead the government of the region;
2. To be responsible for the implementation of this Law and other laws which, in accordance with this Law, apply in the Macau Special Administrative Region;
3. To sign bills passed by the Legislative Council and to promulgate laws; To sign budgets passed by the Legislative Council and report the budgets and final accounts to the Central People's Government for the record;
4. To decide on government policies and to issue executive orders;
5. To formulate the administrative regulations and promulgate them for implementation;
6. To nominate and to report to the Central People's Government for appointment the following principal officials: secretaries of departments, the commissioner against corruptions, the director of audit, the leading members of the police and the customs and excise; and to recommend to the Central People's Government the removal of the above-mentioned officials;
7. To appoint part of the members of the Legislative Council;
8. To appoint or remove members of the Executive Council;
9. To appoint or remove presidents and judges of the courts at all levels and procurators in accordance with legal procedures;
10. To nominate and report to the Central People's Government for appointment of the procurator-General and recommend to the Central People's Government the removal of the procurator-general in accordance with legal procedures;
11. To appoint or remove holders of public office in accordance with legal procedures;
12. To implement the directives issued by the Central People's Government in respect of the relevant matters provided for in this Law;
13. To conduct, on behalf of the Government of the Macau Special Administrative Region, external affairs and Other affairs as authorized by the Central Authorities;
14. To approve the introduction of motions regarding revenues or expenditure to the Legislative Council;
15. To decide, in the light of security and vital interests, whether government officials or other personnel in charge of government affairs should testify or give evidence before the Legislative Council or its committees;
16. To confer medals and titles of honour of the Macau Special Administrative Region in accordance with law;
17. To pardon persons convicted of criminal offences or commute their penalties in accordance with law; and
18. To handle petitions and complaints.

## Resignation

[edit]

Under Section 54 of the Basic Law, the chief executive can resign if:

1. When he or she loses the ability to discharge his or her duties as a result of serious illness or other reasons;
2. When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because he or she twice refuses to sign a bill passed by it, the new Legislative Council again passes by a two-thirds majority of all the members the original bill in dispute, but he or she still refuses to sign it within 30 days; and
3. When, after the Legislative Council is dissolved because it refuses to pass a budget or any other bill concerning the overall interests of the Macau Special Administrative Region, the newly elected Legislative Council still refuses to pass the original bill in dispute.

Section 55 covers the temporary assignment of the role of the CE proceeding resignation.

## List of chief executives

[edit]

No.  | Portrait  | Name
Chinese name
(Birth–Death) | Term of office

* * *

Duration in years and days  | Election  | Political alignment  | Term
[n 1] | Government
(supporting parties) | Appointer
(Premier) | Ref.

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1 |

| Edmund Ho
何厚鏵

(born 1955)

| 20 December
1999  | 20 December
2009  | 1999 | Pro-Beijing | 1  | Ho E. I
(UPP) | Zhu Rongji |
2004 | 2  | Ho E. II
(UPP • UIEM • UIPM • CCCAE) | Wen Jiabao
10 years and 0 days
2 |

| Fernando Chui
崔世安

(born 1957)

| 20 December
2009  | 20 December
2019  | 2009 | 3  | Chui I
(UPP • UIEM • UIPM • ACUM) |
2014 | 4  | Chui II
(UPP • UIEM • UIPM • ACUM • UE) | Li Keqiang
10 years and 0 days
3 |

| Ho Iat Seng
賀一誠

(born 1957)

| 20 December
2019  | 20 December
2024  | 2019 | 5  | Ho I.
(TBD) |
5 years and 0 days
4 |

| Sam Hou Fai
岑浩輝

(born 1962)

| 20 December
2024  | Incumbent | 2024 | 6  | Sam I.
(TBD) | Li Qiang |
229 days

1. ^ Successive fixed five-year CE terms in which incumbent

## Executive Council

[edit]

Main article: Executive Council of Macau

## See also

[edit]

* Chief Executive of Hong Kong
* Legislative Council of Macau

## References

[edit]

* Macao SAR Chief Executive Office Website
* Role of the Chief Executive - Basic Law of Macau
* Biography of the CE of Macau

* v
* t
* e

Macau

History|

* Historic structures
* Portuguese Macau
* Governors
* Postal history
* Military of Portuguese Macau
* Handover

Geography|

* Macau Peninsula
* Coloane
* Taipa
* Cotai
* UM Hengqin
* Birds
* Geocode
* Municipalities

Politics|

* Basic Law
* Commission Against Corruption
* Elections
* Foreign relations
* Gaming law
* Independence
* Legal system
* Legislative Council
* Military
* Municipal Council
* Municipality of Ilhas
* One country, two systems
* Political parties
* Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration

Government|

* Administration and Justice
* Economy and Finance
* Security
* Social Affairs and Culture
* Transport and Public Works

Economy|

* Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement (CEPA)
* Companies
* Hengqin
* Immigration
* Monetary Authority
* Pataca (currency)
* Telecommunications

Tourism|

* Canidrome
* Gambling
* Individual Visit Scheme
* Macau Tower

Transport|

* Air
* Airlines
* Air Macau
* Airport
* Ferry Pier
* Mass transit system
* Road
* List of Roads
* Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge
* Reolian
* Transmac
* TCM

Society|

* Prostitution
* Sex trafficking

Culture|

* Architecture
* Cuisine
* Cantonese
* Education
* universities
* Events and festivals
* Films set in Macau
* Honours system
* Languages
* Cantonese
* Macanese
* Portuguese
* Literature
* José dos Santos Ferreira
* Luís de Camões
* Music
* Cantopop
* Opera
* Names of Macau
* People
* Demographics
* Women
* Youth
* Religion
* Science and Culture Centre
* Scouting
* Sport
* Grand Prix
* Jockey Club
* Rugby union

Symbols|

* Emblem
* Flag

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*[e]: Edit this template
*[Ref.]: Reference