Chinatown, Vancouver

Neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia

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Neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

Chinatown

Neighbourhood

Millennium Gate on Pender Street in Chinatown

Coordinates: 49°16′48″N 123°5′58″W﻿ / ﻿49.28000°N 123.09944°W﻿ / 49.28000; -123.09944
Country| Canada
Province| British Columbia
City| Vancouver
Time zone| UTC−8 (Pacific)
• Summer (DST)| UTC−7 (PDT)
Area codes| 604, 778, 236

National Historic Site of Canada

Official name| Vancouver's Chinatown National Historic Site of Canada
Designated| July 19, 2011
Chinatown, Vancouver

Traditional Chinese| 溫哥華華埠
Simplified Chinese| 温哥华华埠
Hakka| Vunˊ goˊ faˇ faˇ pu
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Wēngēhuá Huá-bù
Wade–Giles| Wen1-ko1-hua2 Hua2-pu4
IPA| [wə́nkɤ́xwǎ xwǎpû]
Hakka
Romanization| Vunˊ goˊ faˇ faˇ pu
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping| Wan1go1waa4 Waa4fau6
Alternative Chinese name
Traditional Chinese| 溫哥華唐人街
Simplified Chinese| 温哥华唐人街
Hakka| Vunˊ goˊ faˇ tongˇ nginˇ gieˊ
| Transcriptions

Standard Mandarin
Hanyu Pinyin| Wēngēhuá Tángrénjiē
Wade–Giles| Wen1-ko1-hua2 T'ang2-jen2-chieh1
IPA| [wə́nkɤ́xwǎ tʰǎŋɻə̌ntɕjé]
Hakka
Romanization| Vunˊ goˊ faˇ tongˇ nginˇ gieˊ
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutping| Wan1go1waa4 Tong4jan4gaai1
Vancouver's Chinatown in 1927

Chinatown is a neighbourhood in Vancouver, British Columbia, and is Canada's largest Chinatown. Centred around Pender Street, it is surrounded by Gastown to the north, the Downtown financial and central business districts to the west, the Georgia Viaduct and the False Creek inlet to the south, the Downtown Eastside and the remnant of old Japantown to the northeast, and the residential neighbourhood of Strathcona to the southeast.

Due to the large ethnic Chinese presence in Vancouver—especially represented by mostly Cantonese-speaking multi-generation Chinese Canadians and first-generation immigrants from Hong Kong—the city has been referred to as "Hongcouver".[1] However, most immigration in recent years has been Mandarin-speaking residents from Mainland China. Chinatown remains a popular tourist attraction and is one of the largest historic Chinatowns in North America, but it experienced recent decline as newer members of Vancouver's Chinese community dispersed to other parts of the metropolitan area.

## Geography

[edit]

The approximate borders of Chinatown as designated by the City of Vancouver are the alley between Pender and Hastings Streets, Georgia Street, Gore Avenue, and Taylor Street,[2] although unofficially the area extends well into the rest of the Downtown Eastside. Main, Pender, and Keefer Streets are the principal areas of commercial activity.

90m
98yds

Selected locations in Chinatown, Vancouver

* Points of interest
* Parks and open spaces

Millennium Gate

Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden

Sam Kee Building

International Village

Andy Livingstone Park

Chinese Benevolent Association of Vancouver

Kuomintang Building

Carnegie Community Centre

## History

[edit]

### Early immigration and head tax

[edit]

Chinese railway construction workers for CP Rail, 1884

Chinese immigrants, primarily men, first came to Vancouver in large numbers during the late 19th century, attracted in part by the British Columbia gold rush of 1858 and then the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway in the 1880s.[3]: 3 In the census of 1880–81, the total Chinese population in Canada was 4,383, of which the overwhelming majority (4,350) resided in British Columbia.[4]: 7 By 1884, 17,000 Chinese immigrants had arrived in Canada to work on the railroad alone.[3]: 3 The 1891 census counted 9,129 Chinese in Canada (8,910 in British Columbia), and the population at the 1901 census had increased to 16,792 in Canada (14,376 in British Columbia as an incomplete count).[4]: 7–8 Of the estimated 16,000 Chinese immigrants in British Columbia in 1901, 2,715 lived in Victoria and another 2,011 lived in Vancouver.[4]: 8

After the completion of the railroad, under the Chinese Immigration Act of 1885, a head tax of CA$50 per person was levied solely on Chinese immigrants to discourage further settlement; the head tax was raised to $100 in 1900 and then $500 in 1903.[citation needed]

By 1900, Chinatown covered the four square blocks bounded by Canton Alley (on the west), Hastings Street (on the north), Keefer Street (on the south), and Main Street (on the east, named Westminster Avenue at the time), with Pender Street (then called Dupont) as the main commercial district.[3]: 4 During this time, Vancouver's Red Light district was present in the area, undergoing routine police checks and attempts to clean up the area. By 1906, the Dupont brothels were forced to close. As a result, several brothels and businesses moved to two parallel dirt paved, dead-end lanes off of Dupont, West of Carrall: Shanghai Alley and Canton Alley. While these immigrants were dispersed throughout Chinatown, they strongly concentrated these areas.[5] In 1896, the health officer for the City of Vancouver reported the city had to destroy houses in Chinatown "owing to their filthy condition" and that "one could hardly pass through the [Chinatown] quarter without holding one's nose."[4]: 14 Another health officer noted "The Chinese merchants and employers of labour endeavour to assist the health officials, and are, as a rule, willing to co-operate and help in this matter, but the lower classes of Chinese emigrants give a great deal of trouble unless constantly watched," concluding that continued immigration would lead to "circumstances and conditions which predispose to infectious disease, and serve to spread it rapidly when once it is roused into activity."[4]: 19 This perception only worsened with the turn of the district. Residents of the area where said to face continuous "white hostility and discrimination" due to three main vices, drug problems, gambling and sex work. As these perceptions grew, the discrimination turned to violence, resulting in a destructive raid in 1907 that caused irreversible damage to the area.[5]

### Clan societies and 1907 riot

[edit]

Boarded storefronts on Carrall Street following September 1907 riots

As more people of Chinese heritage came to Vancouver, clan associations were formed to help the newcomers assimilate in their adopted homeland and to provide friendship and support. Clan societies were often formed around a shared surname lineage, county (e.g., Kaiping, Zhongshan), or other feature of identity.[3]: 4

Despite these efforts, discrimination against residents of the area continued to grow and eventually turned to violence.[5] The Vancouver riots of September 1907 grew out of an anti-immigration rally being held by the Asiatic Exclusion League, resulting in significant damage to Chinatown businesses.[6] 2,000 Chinese immigrants were displaced from their homes, and total property damage resulting from the actions of the mob of 10,000 was estimated at $15,000.[7] One news report speculated the riot was held to intimidate a visiting Japanese delegate.[8] Another blamed the presence of American agitators.[9] Mackenzie King, then the Deputy Minister of Labour, was dispatched to investigate the riot and recommended the disbursement of $36,000 in compensation.[10][11]

The head tax was repealed via the Chinese Immigration Act of 1923, which instead abolished Chinese immigration to Canada entirely, except in limited circumstances.[12]

### Late 20th century improvements

[edit]

Chinatown c. 1950s Chinatown c. 1950s

In 1979, the Chinatown Historic Area Planning Committee sponsored a streetscape improvement program to add various Chinese-style elements to the area, such as specially paved sidewalks and red dragon streetlamps that demarcated the area's borders while emphasizing it as a destination for heritage tourism. Starting with its designation by the province as a historic area in 1971 and subsequent economic shifts, Chinatown shifted from a central business district to playing a largely cultural role. Murality, a local non-profit, is installing a mural on East Pender Street with the aim of bringing colour and vitality to the neighbourhood.[13]

The growth of Chinatown during much of the 20th century created a healthy, robust community that gradually became an aging one as many Chinese immigrants no longer lived nearby. Noticing local businesses suffering, the Chinatown Merchants Association cited the lack of parking and restrictive heritage district rules as impediments to new uses and renovations. Their concerns subsequently led to a relaxation of zoning laws to allow for a wider range of uses, including necessary demolition.[14] Additions in the mid-1990s included a large parkade, a shopping mall, and the largest Chinese restaurant in Canada. More residential projects around the community and a lowering of property taxes helped to maintain a more rounded community. Reinvigoration was a discussed topic along government members, symbolically embedded in the Millennium Gate project, which opened in 2002.[15]

### Recent immigration

[edit]

In addition to Han Chinese from Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Mainland China, Chinese Latin Americans have also settled in the Chinatown area.[citation needed] Most of them were from Peru and arrived shortly after Juan Velasco Alvarado took over that country in a military coup in 1968. Others have come from Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Nicaragua.

Vancouver experienced large numbers of immigrants from the Asia-Pacific region in the last two decades of the twentieth century, most notably from China, whose population in the Vancouver Census Metropolitan Area was estimated at 300,000 in the mid-1990s.[16]

## Businesses and development

[edit]

Street in Chinatown, 2012

Chinatown is becoming more prosperous as new investment and old traditional businesses flourish[citation needed]. Today the neighbourhood features many traditional restaurants, banks, markets, clinics, tea shops, clothing stores, and other shops catering to the local community and tourists alike. The Vancouver office of Sing Tao Daily, one of the city's four Chinese-language dailies, remains in Chinatown. OMNI British Columbia (formerly Channel M) had its television studio in Chinatown from 2003 to 2010. Vancouver Film School also has a satellite location in Chinatown. A bar & nightclub known as ‘Fortune Sound Club’ is situated within the heart of Chinatown.

Chinatown's businesses today predominantly consist of those selling lower-order, working-class goods, such as groceries, tea shops, and souvenir stores. While some businesses, such as restaurants, stand out, they are no longer the only Chinese food establishments in the city, a shift that contributed to a visible decline in foot traffic and nighttime activity in Chinatown. As the vacancy rate in Chinatown currently stands at 10%, it has been acknowledged that Chinatown needs a new approach to development, since some businesses have relocated to suburban shopping centres while others simply retired or went out of business. Examples include the closing of some restaurants and shops, sometimes in instances where the family did not have successors or where the business could not sustain itself any longer. Although there is a considerable business vacancy, Chinatown lease rates are considered the cheapest in the city, at $15–$30 per square foot—about one-tenth of the asking price on Vancouver's Downtown Robson Street, the city's upscale shopping district.[17]

The new Chinatown business plan encourages new entrepreneurs to move in—and has attracted a longboard store and German sausage shop—as ways of restoring storefronts and bringing in a younger crowd, and to make higher-income people more comfortable in the area.[18] Attracted to the lower rent and the building's heritage status, younger businesses have moved in, often with white owners who also live in apartments above the shops.[19] The general consensus is that Chinatown's priority is to attract people of all backgrounds to Chinatown, and it is believed that the opening of non-traditional stores will bring a new flow of energy and income to the streets.[20] As a result, the commercial activity is becoming more diversified, dotted with Western chain stores. Other additions include vintage stores, two art galleries, bars, and a nightclub, built on the site of the former Ming's restaurant,[21] in an attempt to bring something of a nightlife atmosphere, reminiscent of the 1950s and 1960s, back to the neighbourhood. The diversity of new shops and businesses is believed to be necessary in creating a new image for Chinatown in order to bring vibrancy back to the area and encourage commercial activities in general, and as a way to compete with suburban districts as well as nearby Gastown and Downtown Vancouver.

### Chinatown Revitalization Action Plan

[edit]

The Chinatown Historic Area planning committee, along with AECOM Economics, a US-based planning firm, helped to prepare a Chinatown Revitalization Action Plan for Vancouver's planning department in November 2011.[22] Vancouver planners surveyed 77 businesses and found that 64% reported a decrease in revenue between 2008 and 2011. The majority of consumers, 58%, were local residents, with 21% coming from elsewhere in the Lower Mainland. Tourist spending accounted for only 12% of Chinatown customers.[23]

### Condominium development

[edit]

Vancouver city councillors voted in 2011 to raise building height restrictions in Chinatown in order to boost its population density. A limit of 9 stories for most of the neighbourhood was set, with a maximum of 15 stories on the busiest streets.[24]

## Architecture

[edit]

Chinese themed street-light in Chinatown

Further information: List of heritage buildings in Vancouver

The neighbourhood was designated a National Historic Site of Canada in 2011.[25]

Ongoing efforts at revitalization include efforts by the business community to improve safety by hiring private security, considering new marketing promotions, and introducing residential units into the neighbourhood by restoring and renovating heritage buildings. The current focus is on the restoration and adaptive reuse of the distinctive association buildings.

Historically significant buildings and structures in Chinatown, Vancouver  Name  | №  | Street  | Builder / Designer  | Year  | Built by / for  | Notes  | Photo

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Sam Kee Building | 8  | West Pender Street  | Kennerly Bryan, William C. F. Gillam  | 1913  | Chang Toy (Sam Kee Company)  | Narrowest commercial building in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records; ground floor depth is only 4 ft 11 in (1.50 m).[26] |
Wing Sang Building  | 51  | East Pender Street  | Thomas Ennor Julian  | 1889–1901  | Yip Sang (Wing Sang Company)  | One of the oldest buildings in Chinatown. The 6-storey building was home to Yip Sang's Wing Sang Company (Wing Sang Limited) from 1889 to 1955. T.E. Julian added third storey in 1901.[27] |
Chinese Freemasons Building  | 1–5  | West Pender Street  | S.B. Birds  | 1906, 1913  |  | Modified by Samuel Buttrey Birds in 1913. Facade retained after building was demolished in 1975.[28] |
Chinese Benevolent Association of Vancouver | 104–108  | East Pender Street  |  | 1901–1910  | Chinese Benevolent Association  | The Association was organized by leading businessmen including Yip Sang, Chang Toy, and Wang Yu Shan.[29] |
Dr. Sun Yat-Sen Classical Chinese Garden | 578  | Carrall St  | Joe Wai, Donald Vaughan, Wang Zu-Xin  | 1986  |  |  |
Lim Sai Hor Association Building  | 525–531  | Carrall Street  | Samuel Buttrey Birds, W. H. Chow  | 1903, 1914  | Chinese Empire Reform Association  | Altered in 1914, keeping with the contemporary style of Chinatown buildings.[30] |
Mah Society of Canada  | 137–139  | East Pender Street  | H.B. Watson, E.J. Boughen  | 1913, 1921  |  | Originally housed street-level grocery with residences above; top storey added in 1921 for Mah Society.[31] |
Yue Shan Society  | 33–47  | East Pender St.  | W.H. Chow  | 1889, 1898, 1920  |  | Consists of three buildings around a central courtyard: 41–47 E Pender (1889), 33–39 E Pender (1920), and 37 E Pender (1914).[32] |
Chinese Times Building  | 1  | East Pender Street  | William Tuff Whiteway | 1902  | Yip Sang (Wing Sang Company)  | One of the first brick buildings in Chinatown; influenced later architecture.[33] |
Chinese School  | 121–125  | East Pender Street  | J.A. Radford and G.L. Southall  | 1910, 1921  | Mon Keang School | Altered by Radford in 1921. Mon Keang School established in 1925.[34] |
Lee Association Building  | 127–131  | East Pender Street  | Henriquez and Todd  | 1907, 1973  | Lee's Benevolent Association  | Original building was damaged in a 1972 fire and demolished; the facade was retained and a new building was constructed behind it in 1973, designed by Henriquez and Todd.[28] |
Carnegie Community Centre | 401  | Main Street  | G.W. Grant  | 1902–03  | Vancouver Public Library; later as Vancouver Museum and City Archives  | Carnegie library from its construction until 1957.[35] |
Commercial Buildings  | 235–257  | East Hastings Street  |  | 1901–1913  |  | Includes the Hotel Empress (235),[36] Phoenix Hotel (237),[37] Belmont Building (241),[38] and Afton Hotel (249).[39] |
Hotel East  | 445  | Gore Street  | S.B. Birds  | 1912  | Lee Kee  | Part of the expansion of Chinatown to east of Main.[40] |
Kuomintang Building | 296  | East Pender Street  | W.E. Sproat  | 1920  | The Kuomintang (KMT, or Chinese Nationalist League)  |  |
Chin Wing Chun Society  | 158–160  | East Pender Street  | R.A. McKenzie  | 1925  | Chin Wing Chun Society  | Meeting rooms above street-level commercial space.[41] |
Ho Ho Restaurant and Sun Ah Hotel  | 100–102  | East Pender Street  | R.T. Perry and White and Cockrill  | 1911  | Loo Gee Wing  | Ho Ho Restaurant opened in 1954.[42] |
May Wah Hotel  | 258  | East Pender Street  | William Frederick Gardiner  | 1913  | Messrs. Barrett and Deane  | SRO hotel; built in response to the Lodging House By-Law of 1910. Used by both Chau Luen Society and Shon Yee Benevolent Association of Canada.[43] |
Chau Luen Tower  | 325  | Keefer  |  | 1971  | Chau Luen Benevolent Society |  |

### Gates

[edit]

As-built for Expo 86 (1995)

Rebuilt in 2005 (2010)

China Gate on Pender Street (by Chinese Cultural Centre)

The China Gate (next to the Chinese Cultural Centre, near the intersection with Carrall) facing Pender Street was donated to the City of Vancouver by the Government of the People's Republic of China following the Expo 86 world's fair, where it was on display. After being displayed for almost 20 years at its current location, the gate was rebuilt and received a major renovation of its façade employing stone and steel. Funding for the renovation came from government and private sources; the renovated gate was unveiled during the October 2005 visit of Guangdong governor Huang Huahua.

Temporary welcome arch (1901)

Millennium Gate (2015)

Gates straddling Pender Street

This is not to be confused with the larger Millennium Gate, which straddles Pender Street at the west end of Chinatown, near the intersection with Taylor Street. The Millennium Gate was approved on September 20, 2001,[44] and erected in 2002 at the same site as a temporary wooden arch built to celebrate the 1901 royal tour by the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York.[45][46] Joe Y. Wai designed the Millennium Gate.[47]

### Neon signs

[edit]

Reconstructed Sai Woo sign

Chinatown was once known for its neon signs, but like the rest of the city, lost many signs to changing times and a sign bylaw passed in 1974.[48][49] The last of these was the Ho Ho sign (which showed a rice bowl and chop sticks),[50] which was removed in 1997.

A large 45 ft (14 m) tall neon sign was approved for the Chinatown Plaza parkade project in 2008 under the City of Vancouver's Great Beginnings initiative.[51] The new sign was installed in March 2010.[52]

In 2017, a neon sign featuring a large green and yellow-coloured rooster for the Sai Woo Restaurant was installed on Pender Street. The new owner of the Sai Woo was made aware of the original sign that hung outside the earlier incarnation of the restaurant (1925–59) from a one-second clip from a movie of a 1958 parade in Chinatown, and launched a search for the original sign which was unsuccessful.[53] The sign was recreated from the archived footage.[54] At the same time, plans were announced to relight the tall Ho Ho sign in 2018 or 2019.[55][56]

### Laozi Mural

[edit]

Vancouver's Laozi (also referred to "Lao Tzu" and "Lao Tsu", 老子) mural is located on the Western wall of the Lee's Association building, at the corner of Gore Avenue and Pender Street, on the boundary of Chinatown. The mural was unveiled on October 2, 2010, by the Mayor of the City of Vancouver, Gregor Robertson.[57] as part of the celebration of the 125 years of Vancouver's Chinatown.[58] The mural is featured in multiple lists of notable Vancouver murals.[59][60]

It was designed by Kenson Seto and painted by Alex Li & Falk.[61] The mural is 223 square metres, and cost $18,000 [62] which was split between the City of Vancouver and Lee's Association of Vancouver. It was defaced multiple times by graffiti,[62] causing outrage in the community.[63]

On April 5, 2016, the City of Vancouver rezoned the lot at 303 E Pender St/450 Gore Avenue,[64] allowing construction of a six-story building [65] that hid the mural from sight.[58] The building, marketed as Brixton Flats [66] was designed by architect Gair Williamson and developed by GMC Projects Inc., whose website features an image of the Laozi mural. [67]

Vancouver City Council added a condition to the rezoning:

> "Design development to create a new mural to reflect the character and history of Chinatown;

> Note to Applicant: The intent is not to recreate the existing mural, but rather to seek a viable opportunity to create a new mural of a suitable size and location on the building, including possible location on the eastern side of the building."[68]

The developer is studying the possibility of painting a smaller version of the original mural on the new building.[69]

## Notable residents

[edit]

* Wong Foon Sien, journalist and social activist
* Bessie Lee, community organizer and civic activist
* Mary Lee Chan, civic activist
* Yip Sang, businessman
* Yucho Chow, photographer
* Wayson Choy, author, educator

## Community groups

[edit]

* Hua Foundation, non-profit building community engagement in environmentalism and sustainability

## See also

[edit]

* Chinese Benevolent Association of Vancouver
* Chinese Canadians in British Columbia
* Chinese Canadians in Greater Vancouver
* Chinese Canadians in the Greater Toronto Area
* History of Chinese immigration to Canada
* Chinese head tax in Canada
* Royal Commission on Chinese Immigration (1885)
* Chinese Immigration Act of 1885
* Chinese Immigration Act, 1923
* Everything Will Be, Julia Kwan's 2014 documentary film about Chinatown

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Cernetig, Miro (June 30, 2007). "Chinese Vancouver: A decade of change". Archived from the original on October 30, 2007.
2. ^ "Chinatown Map". City of Vancouver. March 27, 2019. Archived from the original on April 27, 2006.
3. ^ a b c d Chinese Canadian Historical Society (July 2005). Historic Study of the Society Buildings in Chinatown (PDF) (Report). City of Vancouver. Archived (PDF) from the original on January 28, 2020. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
4. ^ a b c d e Report of the Royal Commission on Chinese and Japanese Immigration (Report). Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. 1902. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
5. ^ a b c Francis, Daniel (2006). Red Light Neon. Vancouver, BC.: Subway Books. pp. 7–191\. ISBN 0-9736675-2-4.
6. ^ "Japs attacked in Vancouver". The Morning Press. Santa Barbara. Associated Press. September 10, 1907. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
7. ^ "2000 Chinese driven out: Rioters at Vancouver attack Orientals". Los Angeles Herald. Associated Press. September 9, 1907. Archived from the original on December 27, 2019. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
8. ^ "Riot planned to impress Ishii, is belief at Seattle". Los Angeles Herald. Associated Press. September 11, 1907. Archived from the original on December 31, 2019. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
9. ^ "Blame American Agitators: London View of Vancouver Troubles". Chico Record. September 12, 1907. Archived from the original on December 28, 2019. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
10. ^ King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1908). Report by W. L. Mackenzie King, C.M.G., Deputy Minister of Labour, Commissioner appointed to investigate into the Losses Sustained by the Chinese Population of Vancouver, B.C. on the occasion of the riots in that city in September, 1907 (Report). Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
11. ^ King, William Lyon Mackenzie (1908). Report by W. L. Mackenzie King, C.M.G., Deputy Minister of Labour, Commissioner appointed to investigate into the Losses Sustained by the Japanese Population of Vancouver, B.C. on the occasion of the riots in that city in September, 1907 (Report). Ottawa: S.E. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. Retrieved June 26, 2019.
12. ^ Parks Canada Agency, Government of Canada (May 24, 2024). "Exclusion of Chinese Immigrants (1923–1947) — National Historic Event - Exclusion of Chinese Immigrants (1923–1947) National Historic Event". parks.canada.ca.
13. ^ Davis, Chuck (October 2011). The Chuck Davis History of Metropolitan Vancouver. Harbour Publishing. p. 351\. ISBN 978-1-55017-533-2. Archived from the original on June 15, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
14. ^ Yee, Paul (2006). Saltwater City. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre Ltd. p. 219\. ISBN 978-1-55365-174-1. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
15. ^ "Millennium Gate". Archived from the original on October 8, 2012. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
16. ^ Ng, Wing Chung (1999). The Chinese in Vancouver 1945–80. Vancouver: UBC Press. p. 137\. ISBN 0-7748-0733-4. Archived from the original on June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
17. ^ Bula, Frances (January 12, 2013). "Behind the changing face of Vancouver's Chinatown". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on April 23, 2017. Retrieved August 25, 2017.
18. ^ Bula, Frances (January 12, 2013). "Behind the Changing Face of Vancouver's Chinatown". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on March 2, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
19. ^ Quinn, Stephen (February 8, 2013). "Saving Chinatown, One Sausage and Pilates pose at a Time". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. Archived from the original on February 20, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
20. ^ Allingham, Jeremy (February 7, 2013). "Vancouver's Chinatown embraces change". CBC News. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
21. ^ "Fortune Sound Club". Archived from the original on February 19, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
22. ^ "Chinatown Revitalization". City of Vancouver. Archived from the original on May 23, 2013. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
23. ^ Howell, Mike (July 23, 2012). "Vancouver prepares plan to renew ailing Chinatown". Vancouver Courier. Archived from the original on December 1, 2014. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
24. ^ Hutchinson, Brian (September 28, 2012). "Can condo-zones save Vancouver's beleaguered Chinatown?". National Post. Retrieved February 12, 2013.
25. ^ Vancouver's Chinatown. Directory of Federal Heritage Designations. Parks Canada. Retrieved May 4, 2012.
26. ^ "Sam Kee Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on October 16, 2019. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
27. ^ "Wing Sang Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
28. ^ a b "Chinese Freemasons Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
29. ^ "Chinese Benevolent Association Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
30. ^ "Lim Sai Hor Association Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
31. ^ "Mah Society Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
32. ^ "Yue Shan Society Buildings". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
33. ^ "Chinese Times Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on March 8, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
34. ^ "Chinese School". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on March 3, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
35. ^ "Carnegie Centre". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
36. ^ "Hotel Empress". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on March 9, 2016. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
37. ^ "Phoenix Hotel". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
38. ^ "Belmont Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on November 23, 2020. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
39. ^ "Afton Hotel". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
40. ^ "445 Gore Avenue". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
41. ^ "Chin Wing Chun Society Building". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
42. ^ "Sun Ah Hotel". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
43. ^ "May Wah Hotel". www.historicplaces.ca. Archived from the original on December 1, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
44. ^ Herbert, Alan; Leduc, Janet (October 2001). "Chinatown Millennium Gate Approved" (PDF). Heritage Vancouver Newsletter. Vol. 10, no. 9\. Heritage Vancouver. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 18, 2021. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
45. ^ "Chinatown Millennium Gate". Lonely Planet. Archived from the original on June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
46. ^ Pope, Joseph (1903). "V. British Columbia and Return Journey". The Tour of Their Royal Highnesses the Duke and Duchess of Cornwall and York through the Dominion of Canada in the Year 1901. Ottawa: S. E. Dawson, Printer to the King's Most Excellent Majesty. pp. 88–89. Retrieved June 4, 2019. "After the presentation of [the mayor of Vancouver and prominent citizens] and of the officers of the warships in port, the Duke and Duchess proceeded to the court-house by a royally decorated route, spanned by a series of arches, erected by the city, by the Chinese residents, Japanese, firemen, and others. These arches were all strikingly handsome ..."
47. ^ "Historic Chinatown: Vancouver's Chinatown Map Guide" (PDF). Vancouver Heritage Foundation. May 2018. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 4, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
48. ^ Lederman, Marsha (January 28, 2012). "The 'anti-neon crusade,' Vancouver's light-pollution battle from another era". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on August 17, 2021. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
49. ^ Mackie, John (November 13, 2009). "Bright lights, old city: Remembering Vancouver's neon glory". Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
50. ^ Cannon, Paul (1983). "Item: CVA 1376-344 – Ho Ho Chop Suey neon sign". City of Vancouver. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
51. ^ Great Beginnings: Old Streets, New Pride | June 2009 Project Progress Report (PDF) (Report). City of Vancouver. June 2009. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
52. ^ "Chinatown Plaza". Vancouver Neon. Archived from the original on July 2, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
53. ^ "Vancouver restaurateur on the hunt for Sai Woo's original neon sign". CTV News. March 2, 2017. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
54. ^ Kurucz, John (August 7, 2017). "Sai Woo's neon sign returns to Chinatown". Vancouver Courier. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
55. ^ Chan, Cheryl (August 4, 2017). "Sai Woo's neon rooster sign crows over Chinatown once again". Vancouver Sun. Archived from the original on June 5, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
56. ^ MacEacheran, Mike (May 4, 2018). "North America's unexpected neon jungle". BBC Travel. Archived from the original on February 26, 2019. Retrieved June 5, 2019.
57. ^ Lee, Fred. "Mural Unveiling – Lee's Benevolent Association Of Canada". leesofcanada.com. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
58. ^ a b Staff, DH Vancouver (March 4, 2015). "City green lights Chinatown development blocking iconic mural | Daily Hive Vancouver". Daily Hive. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
59. ^ "5 Iconic Vancouver Murals". Vancouver Blog Miss604. January 26, 2015. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
60. ^ Staff, DH Vancouver (May 7, 2015). "7 best murals in Vancouver | Daily Hive Vancouver". Daily Hive. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
61. ^ "18. Lao Tsu Mural (Covered up) | Vancouver Mural Tour". vancouvermurals.ca. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
62. ^ a b "Suspect sought after iconic $18,000 Chinatown mural defaced". British Columbia. September 24, 2015. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
63. ^ ""It is a real insult," says Chinatown historian on 2nd mural defaced in a month". CBC News. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
64. ^ City of Vancouver "Zoning and Development By-law CD-1 (626)" Archived April 19, 2022, at the Wayback Machine
65. ^ Staff, DH Vancouver (July 8, 2014). "450 Gore Avenue development responds to the DTES Local Area Plan | Daily Hive Vancouver". Daily Hive. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
66. ^ "Welcome". Brixton Flats. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
67. ^ "Brixton Flats". GMC Projects. Archived from the original on March 23, 2018. Retrieved March 17, 2018.
68. ^ "CHAPC Agenda : 2015-10-13" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on April 14, 2021. Retrieved March 26, 2021.
69. ^ "CHAPC Minutes : 2015-12-08" (PDF).

### Further reading

[edit]

* Anderson, Kay (1991). Vancouver's Chinatown: Racial Discourse in Canada, 1875–1980. Montreal and Buffalo: McGill-Queen's University Press. Archived from the original on May 4, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
* Anderson, Kay (June 1988). "Cultural Hegemony and the Race Definition Process in Vancouver's Chinatown: 1880–1980". Environment and Planning D: Society and Space. 6 (2): 127–149\. doi:10.1068/d060127. S2CID 144784683. Reprinted in 1996, Social Geography: A Reader, ed. Hamnett C., (Arnold, London)
* Anderson, Kay (December 1987). "The Idea of Chinatown: The Power of Place and Institutional Practice in the Making of a Racial Category". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 77 (4): 580–598\. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.x. JSTOR 2563924. Reprinted in 1992, A Daunting Modernity: A Reader in Post-Confederation Canada ed. McKay, I (McGraw-Hill Ryerson, Ontario).
* Anderson, Kay (1986). 'East' as 'West': Place, State and the Institutionalization of Myth in Vancouver's Chinatown, 1880–1980. Department of Geography (Doctor of Philosophy thesis). University of British Columbia. Archived from the original on December 26, 2019. Retrieved June 4, 2019.
* Ng, Wing Chung (1999). The Chinese in Vancouver 1945–80: The Pursuit of Identity and Power. Vancouver: UBC Press. ISBN 9780774807326.
* Yee, Paul (1988). Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. ISBN 9780888946164.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chinatown, Vancouver.

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Gastown-Chinatown.

* "For the love of Chinatown," 1968 clip from CBC Radio
* Chinese Community Policing Centre
* Vincent Miller, "Mobile Chinatowns: The Future of Community in a Global Space of Flows." Article analyzing the differences between Vancouver's Chinatown and the Chinese community in Richmond. Archived June 3, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
* "Yin and Yang: Chinatown Past and Present," Multimedia site from Knowledge Network based on Paul Yee's book, Saltwater City: An Illustrated History of the Chinese in Vancouver,Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre, 1988.
* Walking Tour: Chinatown
* "Chinatown Revitalization Project on the City of Vancouver Planning Department"
* Vancouver Chinatown – Simon Fraser University

* v
* t
* e

Neighbourhoods in Vancouver, British Columbia

Downtown peninsula|

| Official|

* Downtown
* West End

|

Unofficial|

* Chinatown
* Coal Harbour
* Davie Village
* Downtown Eastside
* English Bay
* Financial District
* Gastown
* Granville Mall and the Granville Entertainment District
* International Village
* Japantown
* Robson
* Stanley Park
* Victory Square
* Yaletown

West Side|

| Official|

* Arbutus Ridge
* Dunbar–Southlands
* Fairview
* Kerrisdale
* Kitsilano
* Marpole
* Oakridge
* Shaughnessy
* South Cambie
* West Point Grey

|

Unofficial|

* Greektown
* South Granville

East Side|

| Official|

* Grandview–Woodland
* Hastings–Sunrise
* Kensington–Cedar Cottage
* Killarney
* Mount Pleasant
* Renfrew–Collingwood
* Riley Park
* Strathcona
* Sunset
* Victoria–Fraserview

|

Unofficial|

* Champlain Heights
* Commercial Drive and Little Italy
* Hogan's Alley
* Punjabi Market / Little India

Other locations|

* False Creek
* Granville Island
* Stanley Park
* University Endowment Lands
* UBC Vancouver

Italics indicate neighbourhoods now defunct.

* v
* t
* e

Landmarks in Greater Vancouver

Buildings|

* BC Place
* Beatty Street Drill Hall
* Bentall Centre (Bentall 5)
* BowMac sign
* Canada Place
* CBC Regional Broadcast Centre Vancouver
* Central Heat Distribution
* Dominion Building
* Former Vancouver Public Library
* Fort Langley National Historic Site
* Gulf of Georgia Cannery
* H. R. MacMillan Space Centre
* Harbour Centre
* Hotel Europe
* Hotel Georgia
* Hotel Vancouver
* International Buddhist Temple
* Living Shangri-La
* Marine Building
* One Wall Centre
* Orpheum
* Pacific Central Station
* Pacific Coliseum
* Park Royal
* Parq Vancouver
* Rogers Arena
* Royal Centre
* Royal Vancouver Yacht Club
* Science World
* Seaforth Armoury
* Shaw Tower
* Sinclair Centre
* Stanley Theatre
* Sun Tower
* Sylvia Hotel
* Vancouver Art Gallery
* Vancouver City Hall
* Vancouver Public Library
* Waterfront Station
* Wooden Roller Coaster
* List of tallest buildings in Vancouver
* Hyatt Regency Vancouver

Metro Vancouver

Bridges|

* Alex Fraser Bridge
* Arthur Laing Bridge
* Burrard Bridge
* Cambie Bridge
* Capilano Suspension Bridge
* Georgia Viaduct
* Golden Ears Bridge
* Granville Street Bridge
* Ironworkers Memorial Second Narrows Crossing
* Knight Street Bridge
* Lions Gate Bridge
* Oak Street Bridge
* Pattullo Bridge
* Pattullo Bridge replacement
* Pitt River Bridge
* Port Mann Bridge
* Queensborough Bridge
* Skybridge

Locations|

* Chinatown
* Commercial Drive
* Gastown
* Golden Village
* Granville Island
* Kitsilano Beach
* Metrotown
* Punjabi Market
* Robson Square
* Stanley Park / Vancouver Aquarium

Natural|

* Burnaby Mountain
* Burrard Inlet
* Burrard Peninsula
* Cypress Mountain
* English Bay
* False Creek
* Fraser River
* Golden Ears
* Grouse Mountain
* Indian Arm
* The Lions
* Mount Seymour
* Point Grey
* Little Mountain

* v
* t
* e

Chinese Canadian topics

Topics|

* Chinese Canadian
* Hong Kong Canadians
* Taiwanese Canadians
* History of Chinese immigration to Canada
* Chinese Immigration Act of 1885
* Chinese Immigration Act, 1923
* Chinese Canadians
* Canadian Chinese cuisine
* Chinese Canadian National Council
* List of Chinese Canadians

Chinatowns and
Chinese communities|

* Chinatowns in Canada

* Calgary
* Edmonton
* Lethbridge
* Montreal
* Ottawa
* Toronto
* Vancouver
* Victoria
* Windsor
* Winnipeg

* v
* t
* e

Chinatowns in Canada

* Calgary
* Edmonton
* Lethbridge
* Montreal
* Ottawa
* Toronto
* Vancouver
* Victoria
* Windsor
* Winnipeg

* v
* t
* e

National Historic Sites of Canada by location

Provinces|

* Alberta
* British Columbia
* Manitoba
* New Brunswick
* Newfoundland and Labrador
* Nova Scotia
* Ontario
* Hamilton
* Kingston
* Niagara
* Ottawa
* Toronto
* Prince Edward Island
* Quebec
* Montreal
* Quebec City
* Saskatchewan

Territories|

* Northwest Territories
* Nunavut
* Yukon

Other countries|

* France

* Category
* History portal
* Canada portal

* v
* t
* e

Protected areas of British Columbia

CRHP
Alberni-Clayoquot RD
BC Coast
Capital RD
Kootenay RD
Columbia-Shuswap RD
Comox Valley RD
Cowichan Valley RD
East Kootenay RD
Fraser Valley RD
Kootenay Boundary RD
Nanaimo RD
New Westminster
North Okanagan RD
North Shore
Northern/Central BC Interior
Okanagan-Similkameen RD
Squamish-Lillooet RD
Strathcona RD
Surrey
Thompson-Nicola RD
Vancouver
Victoria

International Recognition

| World Heritage Sites|

* Canadian Rocky Mountain Parks
* Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs (proposed)
* Kluane / Wrangell–St. Elias / Glacier Bay / Tatshenshini-Alsek
* SGang Gwaay
* Stein Valley (proposed)

|

Biosphere Reserves|

* Clayoquot Sound Biosphere Reserve
* Mount Arrowsmith Biosphere Region

National Parks and affiliated areas

| National Parks|

* Glacier
* Gulf Islands Reserve
* Gwaii Haanas Reserve
* Kootenay
* Mount Revelstoke
* Pacific Rim Reserve
* South Okanagan—Similkameen (proposed)
* Yoho

|

Marine Conservation Areas|

* Gwaii Haanas Reserve
* Southern Strait of Georgia Reserve (proposed)

National Historic Sites|

* Chilkoot Trail
* Fisgard Lighthouse
* Fort Langley
* Fort Rodd Hill
* Fort St. James
* Gitwangak Battle Hill
* Gulf of Georgia Cannery
* Kicking Horse Pass
* Kootanae House
* Nan Sdins
* Rogers Pass
* Stanley Park
* Twin Falls Tea House
* more...

National Wildlife Areas

| National Wildlife Areas|

* Alaksen
* Columbia
* Qualicum
* Scott Islands Marine
* Vaseux-Bighorn
* Widgeon Valley

|

Migratory Bird Sanctuaries|

* Christie Islet
* Esquimalt Lagoon
* George C. Reifel
* Nechako River
* Shoal Harbour
* Vaseux Lake
* Victoria Harbour

Marine Protected Areas

| Marine Protected Areas|

* Endeavour Hydrothermal Vents
* Hecate Strait and Queen Charlotte Sound Glass Sponge Reefs
* SGaan Kinghlas-Bowie Seamount

|

Marine Refuges|

* Gwaxdlala/Nalaxdlala (Lull/Hoeya)
* Offshore Pacific Seamounts and Vents
* Strait of Georgia and Howe Sound Glass Sponge Reef

Provincial Parks and affiliated areas

| Parks|

| Alberni-Clayoquot RD|

* Clayoquot Arm
* Clayoquot Plateau
* Dawley Passage
* Epper Passage
* Flores Island
* Fossli
* Gibson Marine
* Hesquiat Lake
* Hesquiat Peninsula
* Hitchie Creek
* Kennedy Lake
* Kennedy River Bog
* Maquinna
* Nitinat River
* Sproat Lake
* Stamp River
* Strathcona
* Sulphur Passage
* Sydney Inlet
* Taylor Arm
* Tranquil Creek
* Vargas Island

|

Bulkley-Nechako RD|

* Atna River
* Babine Lake Marine
* Babine Mountains
* Babine River Corridor
* Beaumont
* Burns Lake
* Call Lake
* Dead Man's Island
* Driftwood Canyon
* Entiako
* Ethel F. Wilson Memorial
* Finger-Tatuk
* François Lake
* Little Andrews Bay Marine
* Morice Lake
* Mount Blanchet
* Mount Pope
* Mudzenchoot
* Nadina Mountain
* Nation Lakes
* Nenikëkh/Nanika-Kidprice
* Netalzul Meadows
* Nilkitkwa Lake
* Old Man Lake
* Omineca
* Paarens Beach
* Rainbow Alley
* Red Bluff
* Rubyrock Lake
* Stuart Lake
* Stuart Lake Marine
* Stuart River
* Sutherland River
* Takla Lake Marine
* Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea
* Topley Landing
* Trembleur Lake
* Tweedsmuir North
* Tweedsmuir South
* Tyhee Lake
* Uncha Mountain Red Hills
* Wistaria

Capital RD|

* Beaver Point
* Bellhouse
* Bodega Ridge
* Burgoyne Bay
* Collinson Point
* Dionisio Point
* Discovery Island Marine
* French Beach
* Goldstream
* Gowland Tod
* ȽÁU,WELṈEW̱/John Dean
* Juan de Fuca
* Montague Harbour
* Mount Erskine
* Mount Maxwell
* Ruckle
* Sooke Mountain
* Sooke Potholes
* Wallace Island

Cariboo RD|

* Beaver Valley
* Big Creek
* Bowron Lake
* Bridge Lake
* Bull Canyon
* Canim Beach
* Cariboo Mountains
* Cariboo Nature
* Cariboo River
* Cedar Point
* Cottonwood River
* Donnely Lake
* Dragon Mountain
* Flat Lake
* Horsefly Lake
* Itcha Ilgachuz
* Junction Sheep Range
* Kluskoil Lake
* Lac La Hache
* Moose Valley
* Nazko Lake
* Nuntsi
* Pinnacles
* Puntchesakut Lake
* Punti Island
* Rainbow-Qiwentem
* Ruth Lake
* Schoolhouse Lake
* Ten Mile Lake
* Titetown
* Tsʼilʔos
* Wells Gray
* Wendle
* White Pelican

Central Coast RD|

* Codville Lagoon Marine
* Oliver Cove Marine
* Penrose Island Marine
* Sir Alexander Mackenzie
* Tweedsmuir South

Central Kootenay RD|

* Arrow Lakes
* Champion Lakes
* Cody Caves
* Drewry Point
* Erie Creek
* Gladstone
* Goat Range
* Grohman Narrows
* Kianuko
* Kokanee Creek
* Kokanee Glacier
* Kootenay Lake
* Lockhart Beach
* Lockhart Creek
* McDonald Creek
* Pilot Bay
* Purcell Wilderness Conservancy
* Rosebery
* Ryan
* Stagleap
* Summit Lake
* Syringa
* Valhalla
* West Arm
* Yahk

Central Okanagan RD|

* Bear Creek
* Browne Lake
* Fintry
* Graystokes
* Kalamalka Lake
* Myra-Bellevue
* Okanagan Mountain
* Trepanier
* Wrinkly Face

Columbia-Shuswap RD|

* Adams Lake
* Anstey-Hunakwa
* Arrow Lakes
* Blanket Creek
* Bugaboo
* Burges James Gadsden
* Cinnemousun Narrows
* Cummins Lakes
* English Lake
* Hamber
* Herald
* Kingfisher Creek
* Marl Creek
* Martha Creek
* Oregana Creek
* Pukeashun
* Shuswap Lake Marine
* Shuswap Lake
* Shuswap River Islands
* Silver Beach
* Skookumchuck Rapids
* Sunnybrae
* Tsútswecw
* Upper Seymour River
* Victor Lake
* White Lake
* Yard Creek

Comox Valley RD|

* Boyle Point
* Denman Island
* Fillongley
* Helliwell
* Jáji7em and Kw’ulh (Sandy Island) Marine
* Kin Beach
* Kitty Coleman
* Miracle Beach
* Mount Geoffrey Escarpment
* Rosewall Creek
* Strathcona
* Tribune Bay

Cowichan Valley RD|

* Bamberton
* Carmanah Walbran
* Chemainus River
* Cowichan River
* Eves
* Gordon Bay
* Koksilah River
* Memory Island
* Nitinat River
* Spectacle Lake
* Wakes Cove
* West Shawnigan Lake
* Whaleboat Island Marine

East Kootenay RD|

* Akamina-Kishinena
* Bugaboo
* Columbia Lake
* Crowsnest
* Dry Gulch
* Elk Lakes
* Elk Valley
* Gilnockie
* Height of the Rockies
* Inonoaklin
* James Chabot
* Jimsmith Lake
* Kikomun Creek
* Morrissey
* Mount Assiniboine
* Mount Fernie
* Moyie Lake
* Norbury Lake
* Purcell Wilderness Conservancy
* Premier Lake
* Ryan
* St. Mary's Alpine
* Thunder Hill
* Top of the World
* Wardner
* Wasa Lake
* Whiteswan Lake
* Windermere Lake

Fraser-Fort George RD|

* Ancient Forest/Chun T’oh Whudujut
* Arctic Pacific Lakes
* Bijoux Falls
* Bobtail Mountain
* Carp Lake
* Close-To-The-Edge
* Crooked River
* Dahl Lake
* Erg Mountain
* Eskers
* Evanoff
* Fort George Canyon
* Fraser River
* Heather-Dina Lakes
* Jackman Flats
* Kakwa
* Monkman
* Mount Robson
* Mount Terry Fox
* Pine Le Moray
* Ptarmigan Creek
* Purden Lake
* Rearguard Falls
* Slim Creek
* Small River Caves
* Sowchea Bay
* Sugarbowl-Grizzly Den
* Three Sisters Lakes
* Tudyah Lake
* West Lake
* West Twin
* Whiskers Point

Fraser Valley RD|

* Alexandra Bridge
* Bridal Veil Falls
* Chilliwack River
* Coquihalla Canyon
* Coquihalla River
* Cultus Lake
* Davis Lake
* E.C. Manning
* Emory Creek
* F.H. Barber
* Ferry Island
* Garibaldi
* Golden Ears
* Kilby
* Mehatl Creek
* Nahatlatch
* Nicolum River
* Rolley Lake
* Sasquatch
* Silver Lake
* Skagit Valley
* Sx̱ótsaqel/Chilliwack Lake

Kitimat-Stikine RD|

* Anderson Flats
* Bear Glacier
* Border Lake
* Boulder Creek
* Bulkley Junction
* Tazdli Wyiez Bin/Burnie-Shea
* Choquette Hot Springs
* Coste Rocks
* Dala-Kildala Rivers Estuaries
* Eagle Bay
* Exchamsiks River
* Foch-Gilttoyees
* Gitnadoiks River
* Great Glacier
* Green Inlet Marine
* Hai Lake–Mount Herman
* Iskut River Hot Springs
* Jackson Narrows Marine
* Kinaskan Lake
* Kitimat River
* Kitsumkalum
* Kitwanga Mountain
* Kleanza Creek
* Lakelse Lake
* Lakelse Lake Wetlands
* Lava Forks
* Lowe Inlet Marine
* Meziadin Lake
* Mount Edziza
* Nalbeelah Creek Wetlands
* Netalzul Meadows
* Ningunsaw
* Nisga'a Memorial Lava Bed
* Owyacumish River
* Ross Lake
* Seeley Lake
* Seven Sisters Protected Area
* Sleeping Beauty Mountain
* Stikine River
* Sue Channel
* Swan Lake Kispiox River
* Todagin South Slope
* Union Passage Marine

Kootenay Boundary RD|

* Beaver Creek
* Boothman's Oxbow
* Boundary Creek
* Champion Lakes
* Christina Lake
* Conkle Lake
* Gilpin Grasslands
* Gladstone
* Granby
* Jewel Lake
* Johnstone Creek
* King George VI
* Nancy Greene

Metro Vancouver RD|

* Apodaca
* Cypress
* Golden Ears
* Mount Seymour
* Peace Arch
* Pinecone Burke
* Say Nuth Khaw Yum (Indian Arm)

Mount Waddington RD|

* Allison Harbour Marine
* Broughton Archipelago
* Cape Scott
* Claud Elliott Lake
* Cormorant Channel Marine
* Echo Bay Marine
* God's Pocket Marine
* Lanz and Cox Islands
* Lawn Point
* Lower Nimpkish
* Lower Tsitika
* Marble River
* Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula
* Nimpkish Lake
* Quatsino
* Raft Cove
* Schoen Lake
* Woss Lake

Nanaimo RD|

* Arbutus Grove
* Drumbeg
* Englishman River Falls
* Gabriola Sands
* Gerald Island
* Hemer
* Horne Lake Caves
* Little Qualicum River Falls
* MacMillan
* Morden Colliery Historic
* Petroglyph
* Pirates Cove Marine
* Rathtrevor Beach
* Roberts Memorial
* Sandwell
* Saysutshun (Newcastle Island)
* Spider Lake

North Coast RD|

* Diana Lake
* Khutzeymateen
* Kitson Island Marine
* Klewnuggit Inlet Marine
* Lower Skeena River
* Naikoon
* Prudhomme Lake
* Pure Lake

North Okanagan RD|

* Denison - Bonneau
* Echo Lake
* Ellison
* Enderby Cliffs
* Granby
* Graystokes
* Kalamalka Lake
* Kekuli Bay
* Kingfisher Creek
* Mabel Lake
* Mara
* Mara Meadows
* Monashee
* Mount Griffin
* Shuswap River Islands
* Silver Star
* Skookumchuck Rapids
* Upper Violet Creek
* Wap Creek

Northern Rockies RM|

* Andy Bailey
* Jackpine Remnant
* Kotcho Lake Village
* Liard River Corridor
* Liard River Hot Springs
* Maxhamish Lake
* Muncho Lake
* Northern Rocky Mountains
* Scatter River Old Growth
* Sikanni Old Growth
* Smith River Falls – Fort Halkett
* Stone Mountain
* Tetsa River
* Toad River Hot Springs

Okanagan-Similkameen RD|

* Allison Lake
* Bromley Rock
* Cathedral
* Darke Lake
* E.C. Manning
* Eneas Lakes
* Inkaneep
* Keremeos Columns
* Kickininee
* Nickel Plate
* Okanagan Lake
* Okanagan Mountain
* Otter Lake
* Skaha Bluffs
* Stemwinder
* Sun-Oka Beach
* sw̓iw̓s (Haynes Point)
* sx̌ʷəx̌ʷnitkʷ (Okanagan Falls)
* Vaseux Lake

Peace River RD|

* Bearhole Lake
* Beatton
* Beatton River
* Bocock Peak
* Buckinghorse River Wayside
* Butler Ridge
* Charlie Lake
* Chase
* East Pine
* Ed Bird – Estella Lakes
* Finlay-Russel
* Graham-Laurier
* Gwillim Lake
* Hole-in-the-Wall
* Kakwa
* Kiskatinaw
* Kwadacha Wilderness
* Milligan Hills
* Moberly Lake
* Monkman
* Muscovite Lakes
* Omineca
* One Island Lake
* Peace River Corridor
* Pine Le Moray
* Pine River Breaks
* Pink Mountain
* Prophet River Hotsprings
* Prophet River Wayside
* Redfern-Keily
* Sukunka Falls
* Swan Lake
* Tatlatui
* Taylor Landing
* Wapiti Lake

qathet RD|

* Anderson Bay
* Copeland Islands Marine
* Desolation Sound Marine
* Inland Lake
* Malaspina
* Okeover Arm
* Jedediah Island Marine
* Sabine Channel Marine
* Saltery Bay
* South Texada Island
* Squitty Bay

Squamish-Lillooet RD|

* Alice Lake
* Birkenhead Lake
* Blackcomb Glacier
* Brackendale Eagles
* Brandywine Falls
* Bridge River Delta
* Callaghan Lake
* Clendinning
* Duffey Lake
* Edge Hills
* Fred Antoine
* Garibaldi
* Gwyneth Lake
* Joffre Lakes
* Marble Canyon
* Murrin
* Nairn Falls
* Porteau Cove
* Seton Portage Historic
* Shannon Falls
* South Chilcotin Mountains
* Stawamus Chief
* Tantalus
* Upper Lillooet
* Yalakom

Stikine Region|

* Atlin/Áa Tlein Téix'i
* Dall River Old Growth
* Denetiah
* Dune Za Keyih
* Horneline Creek
* Hyland River
* Omineca
* Spatsizi Headwaters
* Spatsizi Plateau Wilderness
* Stikine River
* Sustut
* Tā Ch’ilā (Boya Lake)
* Tarahne
* Tatshenshini-Alsek
* Tuya Mountains

Strathcona RD|

* Artlish Caves
* Big Bunsby Marine
* Bishop River
* Bligh Island
* Catala Island Marine
* Dixie Cove Marine
* Elk Falls
* Gold Muchalat
* Háthayim (Von Donop) Marine
* Homathko Estuary
* Loveland Bay
* Main Lake
* Mansons Landing
* Mitlenatch Island Nature
* Morton Lake
* Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula
* Nuchatlitz
* Octopus Islands Marine
* Read Island
* Rebecca Spit Marine
* Rendezvous Island South
* Rock Bay Marine
* Roscoe Bay
* Rugged Point Marine
* Santa Gertrudis - Boca del Infierno Marine
* Small Inlet Marine
* Smelt Bay
* Strathcona
* Strathcona-Westmin
* Surge Narrows
* Tahsish-Kwois
* Teakerne Arm
* Thurston Bay Marine
* Walsh Cove
* Weymer Creek
* White Ridge
* White River

Sunshine Coast RD|

* Buccaneer Bay
* Francis Point
* Garden Bay Marine
* Halkett Bay Marine
* Hardy Island Marine
* Harmony Islands Marine
* Mount Elphinstone
* Mount Richardson
* Musket Island Marine
* Plumper Cove Marine
* Porpoise Bay
* Princess Louisa Marine
* Roberts Creek
* Sargeant Bay
* Sechelt Inlets Marine
* Simson Marine
* Skookumchuck Narrows
* Smuggler Cove Marine
* Spipiyus
* Tetrahedron

Thompson-Nicola RD|

* Arrowstone
* Banana Island
* Bedard Aspen
* Big Bar Lake
* Blue Earth Lake
* Blue River Black Spruce
* Blue River Pine
* Bonaparte
* Buse Lake
* Caligata Lake
* Castle Rock Hoodoos
* Chasm
* Chu Chua Cottonwood
* Churn Creek
* Coldwater River
* Copper Johnny
* Cornwall Hills
* Downing
* Dunn Peak
* Eakin Creek Canyon
* Eakin Creek Floodplain
* Edge Hills
* Elephant Hill
* Emar Lakes
* Epsom
* Finn Creek
* Flat Lake
* French Bar Creek
* Goldpan
* Green Lake
* Greenstone Mountain
* Harbour Dudgeon Lakes
* Harry Lake Aspen
* High Lakes Basin
* Juniper Beach
* Kentucky Alleyne
* Loon Lake
* Marble Canyon
* Marble Range
* McConnell Lake
* Momich Lakes
* Monck
* Monte Creek
* Monte Lake
* Mount Savona
* Mud Lake Delta
* Niskonlith Lake
* North Thompson Islands
* North Thompson Oxbows East
* North Thompson Oxbows Jensen Island
* North Thompson River
* Oregon Jack
* Painted Bluffs
* Paul Lake
* Pennask Creek
* Pennask Lake
* Pillar
* Porcupine Meadows
* Pritchard
* Pyramid Creek Falls
* Roche Lake
* Skihist
* Steelhead
* Stein Valley Nlaka'pamux
* Taweel
* Tsintsunko Lakes
* Tunkwa
* Upper Adams River
* Walhachin Oxbows
* Walloper Lake
* Wells Gray
* Wire Cache

Conservancies|

* Alty
* Banks Nii Łuutiksm
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach Corridor
* Broughton Archipelago
* Burdwood Group
* Calvert Island
* Cascade-Sutslem
* Cetan/Thurston Bay
* Crab Lake
* Daawuuxusda Heritage
* Dean River
* Duu Guusd Heritage
* Dzawadi/Upper Klinaklini River
* Ecstall Headwaters
* Ecstall-Sparkling
* Ecstall-Spokskuut
* Ellerslie-Roscoe
* Ethelda Bay – Tennant Island
* Europa Lake
* Fiordland
* Forward Harbour/ƛəx̌əᵂəyəm
* Gitxaala Nii Luutiksm/Kitkatla
* Gunboat Harbour
* Hakai Lúxvbálís
* Hanna-Tintina
* Hotsprings-No Name Creek
* Kamdis
* Huchsduwachsdu Nuyem Jees / Kitlope Heritage
* Hunwadi/Ahnuhati-Bald
* Indian Lake – Hitchcock Creek/Át Ch'îni Shà
* Jump Across
* Kennedy Island
* K'distsausk/Turtle Point
* Khtada Lake
* Khutzeymateen Inlet
* Khyex
* Kitasoo Spirit Bear
* K’lgaan/Klekane
* K’mooda/Lowe-Gamble
* K'nabiyaaxl/Ashdown
* Koeye
* K’ootz/Khutze
* Ksgaxl/Stephens Island
* Ksi X’anmaas
* Ksi xts'at'kw/Stagoo
* Ktisgaidz/MacDonald Bay
* Kts'mkta'ani/Union Lake
* Kun⨱alas Heritage
* K'uuna Gwaay Heritage
* K'waal
* Lady Douglas-Don Peninsula
* Lax ka’gaas/Campania
* Lax Kul Nii Luutiksm/Bonilla
* Lax Kwaxl/Dundas and Melville Islands
* Lax Kwil Dziidz/Fin
* Lockhart-Gordon
* Lucy Islands
* Mahpahkum-Ahkwuna/Deserters-Walker
* Maxtaktsm'aa/Union Passage
* Moksgm’ol/Chapple–Cornwall
* Monckton Nii Luutiksm
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers (Kuthai Area)/Yáwu Yaa
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers/Yáwu Yaa
* Namu
* Nang Xaldangaas Heritage
* Neʼāhʼ
* Outer Central Coast Islands
* Owikeno
* Pa-aat
* Polkinghorne Islands
* Q’altanaas/Aaltanhash
* Qudǝs/Gillard-Jimmy Judd Island Conservancy
* Qwiquallaaq/Boat Bay
* Shearwater Hot Springs
* Tenh Dẕetle
* Tlall Heritage
* Tsa-Latĺ/Smokehouse
* Tutshi Lake/T’ooch’ Áayi
* Ugʷiwa’/Cape Caution
* Upper Elaho Valley
* Upper Gladys River/Watsíx Deiyi
* Upper Kimsquit River
* Upper Rogers kóḻii7
* Upper Soo
* Willison Creek – Nelson Lake/Sít’ Héeni
* Yaaguun Gandlaay
* Yaaguun Suu

Ecological reserves|

* Aleza Lake
* Ambrose Lake
* Anne Vallée (Triangle Island)
* Baeria Rocks
* Ballingall Islets
* Baynes Island
* Bednesti Lake
* Beresford Island
* Big Creek
* Big White Mountain
* Blackwater Creek
* Bowen Island
* Bowser
* Browne Lake
* Buck Hills Road
* Burnt Cabin Bog
* Byers-Conroy-Harvey-Sinnett Islands
* Canoe Islets
* Checleset Bay
* Claud Elliott Creek
* Columbia Lake
* Drizzle Lake
* Duke of Edinburgh (Pine/Storm/Tree Islets)
* Dewdney and Glide Islands
* East Redonda Island
* Gamble Creek
* Gingietl Creek
* Gladys Lake
* Ilgachuz Range
* Klanawa River
* Misty Lake
* Mount Derby
* Mount Elliott
* Mount Tzouhalem
* Nitinat Lake
* Race Rocks
* Robson Bight
* Rose Spit
* San Juan River Estuary
* Sikanni Chief River
* Solander Island
* Tow Hill
* Trial Islands
* Tsitika Mountain
* Vladimir J. Krajina

Protected areas|

* Anarchist
* Brent Mountain
* Brim River Hot Springs
* Chukachida
* Churn Creek
* Craig Headwaters
* Damdochax
* Homathko River - Tatlayoko
* Klua Lakes
* Lac du Bois Grasslands
* Lucy Islands
* Nechako Canyon
* Pitman River
* Snowy
* South Okanagan Grasslands
* Thinahtea
* Thunderbird's Nest (T'iitsk'in Paawats)
* Upper Raush
* Vaseux
* White Lake Grasslands

Recreation areas|

* Coquihalla Summit
* Kettle River
* Mount Edziza (former)

Wildlife Management Areas

* Bert Brink
* Boundary Bay
* Chilanko Marsh
* Cluxewe
* Columbia Wetlands
* Coquitlam River
* Cranberry Marsh/Starratt
* Dewdrop-Rosseau Creek
* East Side Columbia Lake
* Green Mountain
* Hamling Lakes
* Lhá:lt/Harrison-Chehalis
* Lazo Marsh-North East Comox
* McTaggart-Cowan/Nsək'łniw't
* Midge Creek
* Parksville-Qualicum Beach
* Pemberton Wetlands
* Pitt-Addington Marsh
* Quatse Estuary
* Roberts Bank
* S'amunu
* Serpentine
* Skwelwil'em Squamish Estuary
* South Arm Marshes
* South Okanagan
* Stellako River
* Sturgeon Bank
* Swan Lake
* Todagin
* Tofino Mudflats
* Tranquille

Regional Parks

* Burnaby Lake
* Campbell Valley
* Capilano River
* Cascade Falls
* Derby Reach
* Elk/Beaver Lake
* Island View Beach
* Kanaka Creek
* Minnekhada
* Mount Arrowsmith
* Mount Douglas
* Pacific Spirit
* Sooke Potholes
* Surrey Bend
* təmtəmíxʷtən/Belcarra

Other

* Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area
* Hidden Grove/Sechelt Heritage Forest
* Maplewood Flats Conservation Area
* Muskwa-Kechika Management Area
* Sacred Headwaters (proposed)
* Sea to Sea Green Blue Belt
* Swan Lake Nature Sanctuary

* Category
* BC Parks
* Commons

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* United States
* Israel

Other|

* Yale LUX

*[c.]: circa
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*[CRHP]: Canadian Register of Historic Places