Chinese Kyakala language

Tungusic language

Not to be confused with Russian Kyakala language, a dialect group of Udege.

Chinese Kyakala

Region| Northeastern China
Ethnicity| Kyakala
Extinct| 1980s

Language family

Tungusic

* Southern
* Jurchenic
* Chinese Kyakala

Writing system

| None
Language codes
ISO 639-3| None (`mis`)

Chinese Kyakala (Chinese: 恰喀拉; pinyin: Qiàkālā) is an extinct Tungusic language that was spoken in northeastern China.

It is not to be confused with Russian Kyakala or Kekar, a southern Udeghe language or dialect cluster that was spoken in Far East Russia. In contrast, Chinese Kyakala belongs in the Jurchenic subgroup.[1]

## Documentation

[edit]

Chinese Kyakala has been documented in Mu & Ma (1983);[2] Mu’ercha & Mu’ercha (1983);[3] Mu’ercha & Meng (1986);[4] and Mu (1987).[5]

More recent discussions of Chinese Kyakala include Gu (2018);[6] Hölzl (2018);[7] and Hölzl & Hölzl (2019).[8]

## References

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1. ^ Hölzl, Andreas; Payne, Thomas E. (2022). Tungusic languages: past and present. Berlin: Language Science Press. ISBN 978-3-96110-395-9. OCLC 1356978751.
2. ^ Mu, Yejun 穆晔骏 & Wenye Ma 马文业. 1983. Qiakalaren minsu 恰喀拉人民俗. Heilongjiang minjian wenxue 黑龙江民间文学8. 191–209.
3. ^ Mu’ercha, Anbulonga 穆尔察安布隆阿 [= Mu Yejun 穆晔骏] & Yiling’a Mu’ercha 穆尔察依凌阿. 1983. Qiantan “qiakala hejinge” 浅谈《恰喀拉合卺歌》. Heilongjiang minjian wenxue 黑龙江民间文学9. 145–153.
4. ^ Mu’ercha, Yejun 穆尔察晔骏 [= Mu Yejun 穆晔骏] & Huiying Meng 孟慧英. 1986. Qiakalaren de gushi 恰喀拉人的故事. Heilongjiang minjian wenxue 黑龙江民间文学 19. 1–103.
5. ^ Mu, Yejun 穆晔骏. 1987. Balayu 巴拉语. Manyu yanjiu 满语研究 1987(2). 2–31, 128.
6. ^ Gu, Changchun 谷长春(ed.). 2018. Qiakala ren de gushi, xiao mo’ergen yiwen 恰喀拉人的故事，小莫尔根轶闻. Jilin: Jilin renmin chubanshe.
7. ^ Hölzl, Andreas. 2018. Udi, Udihe, and the language(s) of the Kyakala. International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction 15\. 111–146.
8. ^ Hölzl, Andreas & Yadi Hölzl. 2019. A wedding ceremony of the Kyakala in China: Language and ritual. International Journal of Diachronic Linguistics and Linguistic Reconstruction 16\. 87–144.

* v
* t
* e

Tungusic languages

Northern|

| Ewenic|

* Even
* Evenki
* Kili
* Negidal
* Oroqen

|

Udegheic|

* Oroch (†)
* Udege

Southern|

| Nanaic|

* Nanai
* Uilta
* Ulch

|

Jurchenic|

* Jurchen †
* Manchu
* Xibe
* Alchuka †
* Bala †
* Chinese Kyakala †

† dead, split or changed languages
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[†]: Extinct