Chinese compound surname

Chinese surname with multiple characters

Not to be confused with Double-barrelled name.

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A Chinese compound surname is a Chinese surname using more than one character. Many of these compound surnames derive from Zhou dynasty Chinese noble and official titles, professions, place names and other areas, to serve a purpose. Some are originally from various tribes that lived in ancient China, while others were created by joining two one-character family names. Only a few of these names (e.g. Ouyang [歐陽/欧阳], Shangguan [上官], Sima [司馬/司马], Zhuge [諸葛/诸葛], Situ [司徒], Xiahou [夏侯], Huangfu [皇甫], and Huyan [呼延]) can still be found quite commonly in modern times with Ouyang, Shangguan, Sima and Situ appearing most frequently. Many clans eventually took on a single-character surname for various reasons.[why?] Lists below are arranged alphabetically by their Mandarin pinyin spellings.

## Native Han compound surnames

[edit]

Chinese characters | Meaning or origin | Mandarin
(Pinyin) | Cantonese
(Jyutping) | Hokkien
(POJ) | Vietnamese | Korean | Japanese | Notable people

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百里 | Hundred li | Bǎilǐ | Baak3 Lei5 |  | Bách Lý | Baengni; Baengri
(백리) | Hyakuri | Baili Xi
淳于 | An ancient Chinese kingdom | Chúnyú | Seon4 Jyu1 |  | Thuần Vu | Sunu
(순우) | Jun'u | Chunyu Qiong
第五 | The fifth | Dìwǔ | Dai6 Ng5 |  | Đệ Ngũ | Jeo
(제오) | Daigo | Diwu Qi
東方 (东方) | "East", descendants of Fuxi clan according to legend | Dōngfāng | Dung1 Fong1 |  | Đông Phương | Dongbang
(동방) | Tōhō | Dongfang Shuo
(東方朔)
東閣 (东阁) | "Eastern Pavilion" | Dōnggé | Dung1 Gok3 |  | Đông Các | Donggak
(동각) | Tōkaku |
東郭 (东郭) | "Eastern Wall" | Dōngguō | Dung1 Gwok3 |  | Đông Quách | Donggwak
(동곽) | Tōkaku |
東門 (东门) | "East Gate", place of residence, from Zhou dynasty | Dōngmén | Dung1 Mun4 |  | Đông Môn | Dongmun
(동문) | Tōmon |
端木 |  | Duānmù | Dyun1 Muk6 | Tuan-bo̍k  | Đoan Mộc | Danmok
(단목) | Tanboku | Duanmu Ci
(端木賜),
San Duanmu
公孫 (公孙) | "Dukes' descendants", an address of the noble descendants in the Spring and Autumn period | Gōngsūn | Gung1 Syun1 | Kong-sun  | Công Tôn | Gongson
(공손) | Kōson | Gongsun Zan, Gongsun Long
公羊 | Branch of Gongsun | Gōngyáng | Gung1 Joeng4 | Kong-iông  | Công Dương | Gongyang
(공양) | Kōyō | Gongyang Gao
(公羊高)
公冶 | Branch of Ji, from courtesy name of Jiye (季冶) of Lu in the Eastern Zhou dynasty | Gōngyě | Gung1 Je5 |  | Công Dã | Gong-ya
(공야) | Kōya | Gongye Chang
(公冶長)
公西 |  | Gōngxī | Gung1 Sai1 |  | Công Tây | Gongseo
(공서) | Kōsai | Gongxi Chi
(公西赤)
毌丘 | Place name | Guànqiū | Kwun3 Jau1 |  | Quán Khâu | Gwan-gu
(관구) | Kankyū | Guanqiu Jian
穀梁 (谷梁) | Sorghum grains (?) | Gǔliáng | Guk1 Loeng4 |  | Cốc Lương | Gongnyang; Gongryang
(곡량) | Kokuryō |
皇甫 | Branch of Zi (子), from 皇父, the courtesy name of Huangfu Chongshi (皇父充石) of the Duchy of Song in the Eastern Zhou dynasty | Huángfǔ | Wong4 Pou2 | Hông-hú | Hoàng Phủ | Hwangbo
(황보) | Kōfu | Huangfu Song,
Huangfu Ran
(皇甫冉)
黄斯 |  | Huangsi |  |  | Hoàng Tư |  |  |
蘭向(兰向) |  | Lanxiang |  |  | Lan Hướng |  |  |
令狐 | Place name | Línghú | Ling6 Wu4 | Lîng-hô· | Lệnh Hồ | Yeongho; Ryeongho
(령호) | Reiko | Linghu Chu
甪里 | Place name | Lùlǐ | Luk6 Lei5 |  | Lộ Lý | Nongni; Rongri
(록리) | Rokuri |
閭丘 (闾丘) | Place name | Lǘqiū | Leoi4 Jau1 |  | Lư Khâu | Yeogu; Ryeogu
(려구) | Ryokyū | Luqiu Luwei
(閭丘露薇)
南宮 (南宫) | Southern Palace | Nángōng | Naam4 Gung1 |  | Nam Cung | Namgung
(남궁) | Nankyū | Nangong Kuo (Western Zhou)
歐陽 (欧阳) | South of Mt. Ou Yu | Ōuyáng | Au1Joeng4 | Au-iông | Âu Dương | Guyang
(구양) | Ōyō | Jimmy O. Yang
上官 | High official (place name) | Shàngguān | Soeng6 Gun1 | Siōng-koan | Thượng Quan | Sanggwan
(상관) | Shōkan | Empress Shangguan, Shangguan Wan'er, Shangguan Yunxiang
申屠 | "butcher from Shen" | Shēntú | San1 Tou4 |  | Thân Đồ | Sindo
(신도) | Shinto | Shentu Jian
(申屠建)
司馬 (司马) | "Master of the Horse" or "Marshal", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han dynasty | Sīmǎ | Si1 Maa5 | Su-má | Tư Mã | Sama
(사마) | Shiba | Sima Qian, emperors of the Jin dynasty
司徒 | "Minister over the Masses", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han dynasty | Sītú | Si1 Tou4 (SooHoo in Toisan) | Su-tô·  | Tư Đồ | Sado
(사도) | Shito | Szeto Wah, Sitoh Yih Pin
司空 | "Minister of Works", one of the Three Excellencies from the Han dynasty | Sīkōng | Si1 Hung1 |  | Tư Không | Sagong
(사공) | Shikū | Sikong Ting
(司空頲)
司寇 | "Minister of Justice" | Sīkòu | Si1 Kau3 |  | Tư Khấu | Sagu
(사구) | Shikō |
太史 | "Grand Historian", an imperial official title | Tàishǐ | Taai3 Si2 |  | Thái Sử | Taesa
(태사) | Taishi | Taishi Ci
澹臺 (澹台) |  | Tántái | Taam4 Toi4 |  | Đam Đài | Damdae
(담대) | Tantai | Tantai Mieming
聞人 (闻人) | "famous person", descendants of Shaozheng Mao (少正卯) | Wénrén | Man4 Jan4 |  | Văn Nhân | Munin
(문인) | Bunjin |
巫馬 (巫马) | "Horse" | Wūmǎ | Ng5 Maa5 |  | Vu Mã | Uma
(우마)) | Goba | Wuma Shi
(巫馬施)
夏侯 | "Marquess Xia", from noble title granted to the descendants of Yu the Great by Duke of Lu in the Spring and Autumn period | Xiàhóu | Haa6 Hau6 | Hā-hô͘ | Hạ Hầu | Hahu
(하후) | Kakō | Xiahou Ying,
Xiahou Dun
鮮于 (鲜于) |  | Xiānyú | Sin1 Jyu1 |  | Tiên Vu | Seonu
(선우) | Sen'u | Xianyu Zhongtong
(鮮于仲通)
西門 (西门) | "West Gate", place of residence, from Marquessate of Zheng in the Spring and Autumn period | Xīmén | Sai1 Mun4 |  | Tây Môn | Seomun
(서문) | Saimon | Ximen Bao
軒轅 (轩辕) | The (personal) name of the Yellow Emperor | Xuānyuán | Hin1 Jyun4 | Hian-oàn  | Hiên Viên | Heonwon
(헌원) | Ken'en | Yellow Emperor
楊子 (杨子) | A branch of 楊 (Yang) | Yángzǐ | Joeng4 Zi2 |  | Dương Tử | Yangja
(양자) | Yōshi |
樂正 (乐正) | Minister of music | Yuèzhèng | Ngok6 Zing3 |  | Nhạc Chính | Akjeong
(악정) | Gakusei |
鍾離 (钟离) | A country in Chunqiu | Zhōnglí | Zung1 Lei4 |  | Chung Ly | Jongni; Jongri
(종리) | Shōri | Zhongli Mu
(鐘離牧),
Zhongli Mo
諸葛 (诸葛) | A branch of 葛 (Ge) | Zhūgě | Zyu1 Got3 | Chu-kat | Gia Cát
(Chư Cát) | Jegal
(제갈) | Shokatsu | Jegal Je-min
Zhuge Liang
祝融 | God of Fire | Zhùróng | Zuk1 Jung4 |  | Chúc Dung | Chugyung
(축융) | Shukuyū | Lady Zhurong
子車 (子车) |  | Zǐjū | Zi2 Geoi1 |  | Tử Xa | Jageo
(자거) | Shikyo |
左人 | Left-handed man | Zuǒrén | Zo2 Jan4 |  | Tả Nhân | Jwa-in
(좌인) | Sajin |

## Double-barrelled surnames

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Double-barrelled surname (雙姓) occurs sometimes when both families of a marriage wish to pass down their surnames, or when a child wishes to commemorate both the biological and foster parents. This is often distinguished from compound surnames (複姓), which cannot be split into two single-character surnames. A doubled-barrelled surname is also distinguished from a married name (冠夫姓), as married names are not passed down to the next generations.

Chinese Characters | Mandarin
(Pinyin) | Cantonese
(Jyutping) | Hokkien
(POJ) | Vietnamese | Korean | Japanese | Notable People

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范姜 | Fànjiāng |  | Hoān-khiong | Phạm Khương |  |  | Fan Chiang Tai-chi
陸費 (陆费) | Lùfèi (Lùbì) | Luk6 Fai3 |  | Lục Phí | Yugbi; Ryugbi
(륙비) | Rikuhi | Lufei Kui
葉劉 (叶刘) | Yèliú |  | Ia̍p-lâu | Diệp Lưu |  |  | Regina Ip
張簡 (张简) | Zhāngjiǎn |  | Tiuⁿ-kán | Trương Giản |  |  | Louis Ozawa Changchien
張廖 (张廖) | Zhāngliào |  | Tiuⁿ-liāu | Trương Liêu |  |  | Chang Liao Wan-chein

(Taiwanese politician)

## Non-Han surnames

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Peoples other than Han have resided in China and have their names transliterated into Chinese. A large number of these non-Han surnames contain more than one Chinese character.

Chinese Characters | Meaning/Origin | Origin | Mandarin
(Pinyin) | Cantonese
(Jyutping) | Hokkien
(POJ) | Vietnamese | Korean | Japanese | Notable People

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阿史那 | Wolf (cf. Asena) | Possibly Turkic | Āshǐnà | Aa3 Si2 Naa5 |  | A Sử Na | Asana
(아사나) | Ashina | Empress Ashina
愛新覺羅
(爱新觉罗) | Gold | Manchu | Àixīnjuéluó
(Aisin Gioro) | Oi3 San1 Gok3 Lo4 | Ài-sin-kak-lô  | Ái Tân Giác La | Aesin-gangna; Aesin-gangra
(애신각라) | Aishinkakura | Qing rulers
孛兒只斤
(孛儿只斤) | Dark blue eyes | Mongol | Bó'érzhījīn
(Borjigin) | But6 Ji4 Zi2 Gan1 |  | Bột Nhi Chỉ Cân
(Bát Nhĩ Tế Cát Đặc) | Barajigeun
(발아지근) | Botsujishikin | Genghis Khan
獨孤 (独孤) |  | Xianbei | Dúgū | Duk6 Gu1 |  | Độc Cô | Dokgo
(독고) | Dokko/Dokuko | Dugu Qieluo
爾朱 (尔朱) |  | Xiongnu | Erzhu | Ji5 Zyu1 |  | Nhĩ Chu | Iju
(이주) | Jishu | Erzhu Rong,
Erzhu Zhao
賀蘭 (贺兰) | Helan Mountains | Xianbei | Hèlán | Ho6 Laan4 |  | Hạ Lan | Haran
(하란) | Garan | Princess Dowager Helan
赫連 (赫连) |  | Xiongnu | Hèlián | Haak1 Lin4 |  | Hách Liên | Hyeongnyeon; Hyeongryeon
(혁련) | Kakuren | Helian Bobo
賀若 (贺若) |  | Xianbei | Hèruò | Ho6 Joek6 |  | Hạ Nhược | Hayak
(하약) | Kajaku | Heruo Bi
(賀若弼)
赫舍里 | Water spring | Manchu | Hèsheli | Haak1 Se2 Lei5 |  | Hách Xá Lý | Hyeoksari
(혁사리) | Kakushari | Hešeri Sonin, Empress Xiaochengren, Songgotu
万俟 |  | Xianbei | Mòqí | Mak6 Kei4 |  | Mặc Kỳ | Mukgi
(묵기) | Bokuji | Moqi Chounu
(万俟醜奴)
慕容 |  | Xianbei | Mùróng | Mou6 Jung4 | Bō·-iông  | Mộ Dung | Moyong
(모용) | Boyū | Murong Huang
納蘭 (纳兰) | Variant of 叶赫那拉 (Yehenala) | Manchu | Nàlán | Naap6 Laan4 |  | Nạp Lan | Namnan; Namran
(납란) | Nōran | Nalan Xingde
星團 (星团) | Band/group/cluster of stars |  | Xīngtuán | Sing1 Tyun4 |  |  | Shindan
(신단) | Seidan |
呼延 |  | Xiongnu | Hūyán | Fu1 Jin4 |  | Hô Diên | Hoyeon
(호연) | Koen | Empress Huyan,
Huyan Zan
沙吒 |  | Göktürk | Shāzhā | Saa1 Zaa1 |  | Sa Tra | Sata
(사타) | Sata | Shazha Zhongyi
(沙吒忠義)
拓跋 |  | Xianbei | Tuòbá | Tok3 Bat6 |  | Thác Bạt | Takbal
(탁발) | Takubatsu | Emperors of Northern Wei, formerly surname of Tangut rulers, Western Xia
完顏 (完颜) |  | Jurchen | Wányán | Jyun4 Ngaan4 |  | Hoàn Nhan | Wanan
(완안) | Kangan | Wanyan Aguda
耶律 |  | Khitan | Yēlǜ | Ye4 Leut6 |  | Da Luật
(Gia Luật) | Yayul
(야율) | Yaritsu/Jaritsu | Emperors of Liao dynasty,
Yelü Chucai
尉遲 (尉迟) |  | Xianbei | Yùchí | Wat1 Ci4 |  | Uất Trì
(Úy Trì) | Ulji
(울지) | Utchi/Utsuchi | Yuchi Jingde,
Yuchi Jiong
宇文 |  | Xianbei | Yǔwén | Jyu5 Man4 |  | Vũ Văn | Umun
(우문) | Ubun | Yuwen Tai, emperors of Northern Zhou
長孫 (长孙)[1] | Eldest grandson | Xianbei | Zhǎngsūn | Zoeng2 Syun1 |  | Trưởng Tôn | Jangson
(장손) | Chōson | Zhangsun Wuji, Empress Zhangsun (wife of Emperor Taizong of Tang)
山口 | Gateway/opening of the mountain | Japanese | Shānkǒu | San1 Hau2 | Soaⁿ-kháu | Sơn Khẩu | Sangu
(산구) | Yamaguchi | Yoshiko Yamaguchi (Shānkǒu Shūzǐ)
川島 | River on the island | Japanese | Chuāndǎo | Cyun1 Dou2 | Chhoan-tó | Đảo Xuyên | Cheondo
(천도) | Kawashima | Yoshiko Kawashima (Chuāndǎo Fāngzi)
伊達 | Elegance | Japanese | Yīdá | Ji1 Daat6 | I-ta̍t | Y Đạt | Idal
(이달) | Date | Date Junnosuke (Yīdá Shùnzhīzhù)

## See also

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* Chinese surname
* Japanese surname
* Korean surname
* Vietnamese name

## References

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1. ^ 遠東簡明漢英辭典 (in Chinese). 遠東圖書公司. 編審委員會. 1997. p. 861\. ISBN 9789576123467.

## External links

[edit]

Look up Category:Chinese compound surnames in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

* The Ten-Thousand Families of Surnames from Netor (NETOR纪念:万家姓氏) (in simplified Chinese only)

* v
* t
* e

100 most common family names in mainland China (2020)

1–25|

* Wáng 王
* Lǐ 李
* Zhāng 张/張
* Liú 刘/劉
* Chén 陈/陳
* Yáng 杨/杨
* Huáng 黄/黃
* Zhào 赵
* Wú 吴/吳
* Zhōu 周
* Xú 徐
* Sūn 孙/孫
* Mǎ 马/馬
* Zhū 朱
* Hú 胡
* Guō 郭
* Hé 何
* Lín 林
* Luó 罗/羅
* Gāo 高
* Zhèng 郑/鄭
* Liáng 梁
* Xiè 谢/謝
* Sòng 宋
* Táng 唐

26–50|

* Xǔ 许/許
* Hán 韩/韓
* Dèng 邓/鄧
* Féng 冯/馮
* Cáo 曹
* Péng 彭
* Zēng 曾
* Xiāo 萧/蕭
* Tián 田
* Dǒng 董
* Pān 潘
* Yuán 袁
* Cài 蔡
* Jiǎng 蒋/蔣
* Yú 余
* Yú 于
* Dù 杜
* Yè 叶/葉
* Chéng 程
* Wèi 魏
* Sū 苏/蘇
* Lǚ 吕/呂
* Dīng 丁
* Rén 任
* Lú 卢/盧

51–75|

* Yáo 姚
* Shěn 沈/沉
* Zhōng 钟/鍾
* Jiāng 姜
* Cuī 崔
* Tán 谭/譚
* Lù 陆/陸
* Fàn 范
* Wāng 汪
* Liào 廖
* Shí 石
* Jīn 金
* Wéi 韦/韋
* Jiǎ 贾/賈
* Xià 夏
* Fù 傅
* Fāng 方
* Zōu 邹/鄒
* Xióng 熊
* Bái 白
* Mèng 孟
* Qín 秦
* Qiū 邱
* Hóu 侯
* Jiāng 江

76–100|

* Yǐn 尹
* Xuē 薛
* Yán 阎/閻
* Duàn 段
* Léi 雷
* Lóng 龙/龍
* Lí 黎
* Shǐ 史
* Táo 陶
* Hè 贺/賀
* Máo 毛
* Hǎo 郝
* Gù 顾/顧
* Gōng 龚/龔
* Shào 邵
* Wàn 万/萬
* Qín 覃
* Wǔ 武
* Qián 钱/錢
* Dài 戴
* Yán 严/嚴
* Mò 莫
* Kǒng 孔
* Xiàng 向
* Cháng 常

Related|

* Hundred Family Surnames
* List of common Chinese surnames
* 101–200 Most Common Family Names in mainland China

* v
* t
* e

101–200 Most Common Family Names in Mainland China (2013, Fuxi Culture Association)

#101–125|

* Tāng 汤/湯
* Xiàng 向
* Cháng 常
* Wēn 温/溫
* Kāng 康
* Shī 施
* Wén 文
* Niú 牛
* Fán 樊
* Gě 葛
* Xíng 邢
* Ān 安
* Qí 齐/齊
* Yì 易
* Qiáo 乔/喬
* Wǔ 伍
* Pāng 庞/龐
* Yán 颜/顏
* Ní 倪
* Zhuāng 庄/莊
* Niè 聂/聶
* Zhāng 章
* Lǔ 鲁/魯
* Yùe 岳
* Zhāi 翟

#126–150|

* Yīn 殷
* Zhān 詹
* Shēn 申
* Ōu 欧/歐
* Gěng 耿
* Guān 关/關
* Lán 兰/蘭
* Jiāo 焦
* Yú 俞
* Zuǒ 左
* Liǔ 柳
* Gān 甘
* Zhù 祝
* Bāo 包
* Níng 宁/寧
* Shàng 尚
* Fú 符
* Shū 舒
* Ruǎn 阮
* Kē 柯
* Jǐ/Jì 纪/紀
* Méi 梅
* Tóng 童
* Líng 凌
* Huá/Huà 华/華

#151–175|

* Shàn 单/單
* Jì 季
* Péi 裴
* Huò 霍
* Tú 涂
* Chéng 成
* Miáo 苗
* Gǔ 谷
* Shèng 盛
* Qǔ 曲
* Wēng 翁
* Rán 冉
* Luò 骆/駱
* Lán 蓝/藍
* Lù 路
* Yóu 游
* Xīn 辛
* Jìn 靳
* Ōuyáng 欧阳/歐陽
* Guǎn 管
* Chái 柴
* Méng 蒙
* Baò 鲍/鮑
* Bì 毕/畢
* Yù 喻

#176–200|

* Qí 祁
* Pú 蒲
* Fáng 房
* Téng 滕
* Qū 屈
* Ráo 饶/饒
* Xiè/Jiě 解
* Móu 牟
* Ài 艾
* Yóu 尤
* Yáng 阳/陽
* Shí 时/時
* Mù 穆
* Nóng 农/農
* Sī 司
* Zhuó 卓
* Gǔ 古
* Jí 吉
* Miào 缪
* Jiǎn 简/簡
* Chē 车/車
* Xiàng 项/項
* Lián 连/連
* Lú 芦/蘆
* Mài 麦/麥

Related|

* Hundred Family Surnames
* List of common Chinese surnames
* 100 Most Common Family Names in Mainland China

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