Chronic eosinophilic leukemia

Medical condition

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia

Other names| CEL
Specialty| Hematology, oncology

Chronic eosinophilic leukemia is a form of cancer in which too many eosinophils are found in the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues. Most cases are associated with fusion genes. [1]

## Signs and symptoms

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Signs and symptoms may include weight loss, fever, malaise, cough, skin and mucosal lesions, diarrhea, and peripheral neuropathy. Cardiac symptoms are also possible.[2]

In cases associated with PDGFRB and FGFR1 mutations, splenomegaly is common. Lymphadenopathy is also common with FGFR1 mutations.[2]

Infiltration of eosinophils causes organ damage.[3]

## Causes

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Most cases of CEL are associated with rearrangements in PDGFRA, PDGFRB, or FGFR1.[4]

CEL not otherwise specified (CEL NOS) is a form in which BCR-ABL1 fusion genes and PDGFRA, PDGFRB, and FGFR1 rearrangements are not found.[5]

## Diagnosis

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For a diagnosis of CEL, hypereosinophilia with greater than 30% eosinophils is required.[4] Serum IgE is usually normal. In cases associated with PDGFRB, serum vitamin B12 and tryptase may be elevated.[2]

## Prognosis

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CEL associated with a mutation in PDGFRA is treatable with imatinib and has an excellent prognosis. On the other hand, CEL associated with FGFR1 mutations has a very poor prognosis.[4] Progression can occur from CEL to AEL or AML in rare cases.[4]

## Epidemiology

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Cases occur in people of all ages. The disease is more common in males than females.[2]

## References

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1. ^ "Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia". The Lecturio Medical Concept Library. Retrieved 8 July 2021.
2. ^ a b c d Jaffe, Elaine (2016-08-25). Hematopathology (2 ed.). pp. 931–941\. ISBN 978-0-323-29613-7.
3. ^ McPherson (2011). Henry's Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods (23 ed.). Elsevier. pp. 606–658. ISBN 9781437709742.
4. ^ a b c d Hoffman, Ronald (2017-08-15). Hematology: basic principles and practice (Seven ed.). pp. 1151–1169\. ISBN 978-0-323-35762-3.
5. ^ Stonecypher, Mark; Chen, Benjamin J. (2013). "Chronic Eosinophilic Leukemia (CEL)". In Aster, J.C.; Pozdnyakova, O.; Kutok, J.L. (eds.). Hematopathology. High-Yield Pathology. Elsevier. pp. 222–3\. doi:10.1016/B978-1-4377-1758-7.00174-3. ISBN 978-1-4377-1758-7.

## External links

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* Chronic eosinophilic leukemia entry in the public domain NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms
* Cancer.Net: Eosinophilic Leukemia

Classification|

* ICD-O: 9964/3
* MeSH: C580364

|

External resources|

* Orphanet: 168940

* v
* t
* e

Myeloid-related hematological malignancy

CFU-GM/
and other granulocytes|

| CFU-GM|

| Myelocyte|

| AML|

* Acute myeloblastic leukemia
* M0
* M1
* M2
* APL/M3

|

MP|

* Chronic neutrophilic leukemia

Monocyte|

| AML|

* AMoL/M5
* Myeloid dendritic cell leukemia

|

CML|

* Philadelphia chromosome
* Accelerated phase chronic myelogenous leukemia

Myelomonocyte|

| AML|

* M4

|

MD-MP|

* Juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia
* Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia

Other|

* Histiocytosis

CFU-Baso|

| AML|

* Acute basophilic

|

CFU-Eos|

| AML|

* Acute eosinophilic

|

MP|

* Chronic eosinophilic leukemia/Hypereosinophilic syndrome

MEP|

| CFU-Meg|

| MP|

* Essential thrombocythemia

* Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia

|

CFU-E|

| AML|

* Erythroleukemia/M6

|

MP|

* Polycythemia vera

MD|

* Refractory anemia
* Refractory anemia with excess of blasts
* Chromosome 5q deletion syndrome
* Sideroblastic anemia
* Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
* Refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia

CFU-Mast|

| Mastocytoma|

* Mast cell leukemia
* Mast cell sarcoma
* Systemic mastocytosis

|

Mastocytosis|

* Diffuse cutaneous mastocytosis
* Erythrodermic mastocytosis
* Adult type of generalized eruption of cutaneous mastocytosis
* Urticaria pigmentosa
* Mast cell sarcoma
* Solitary mastocytoma

Systemic mastocytosis|

* Xanthelasmoidal mastocytosis

Multiple/unknown|

| AML|

* Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis
* Myeloid sarcoma

|

MP|

* Primary myelofibrosis
* Biphenotypic acute leukaemia

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