Church of the Holy Cross (Skatin)

Church of the Holy Cross, Skatin

General information
Architectural style| Carpenter Gothic
Country| Canada
Completed| ca. 1905
Technical details
Structural system| wooden

National Historic Site of Canada

Official name| Church of the Holy Cross National Historic Site of Canada
Designated| 1981

The Church of the Holy Cross is a National Historic Site of Canada,[1] located on one of the Indian reserves of the Skatin First Nation, in southwestern British Columbia. It is located on the east side of the Lillooet River on BC's first inland Gold Rush trail, the Douglas Road. Skatin Nations is the St'at'imcets language rendition of the reserve-town's usual name in English, Skookumchuck Hot Springs (often just "Skookumchuck", which means "strong water(s)", is also the name of three other places in British Columbia and in general use means a rapids - a set of rapids, historically called the "Falls" of the Lillooet River are nearby).

## History

[edit]

Missionaries from the Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate had first traveled through the Lillooet River valley starting around 1860. They established missions at Port Douglas and Skookumchuck Hot Springs, and encouraged the native people of the area to settle together in small villages. Earlier churches are no longer standing. There has never been a resident priest assigned to the villages in the area; priests travelled through on their way north from St. Mary's Indian Residential School in Mission, or came down from Mount Currie. Usually they came only once a year, and there are many examples of five or six couples all being married or a number of babies being baptised on the same day, when the annual visit of the priest took place. The services often took place outdoors, or in the home of a community leader. There had been at least 2 other places of worship in Skatin before they embarked on the present building.

Some of the families travelled outside for seasonal work, and had seen the large churches in Sechelt, British Columbia, and New Westminster. They were also inspired by the prayer cards with pictures of European cathedrals, and chose to create a place of worship that is also a work of art. Although some men may have worked building other churches, they were not trained carpenters, and used the tools available to them at the time.

Local aboriginal craftsmen laboured for years on the elaborately carved altar and finely worked wood details of this remarkable building, which was completed about 1905. Materials from the local area were used, huge trees from the forests; some of the milling may have been done at Port Douglas or even as far away as Harrison Mills at the south end of Harrison Lake. Materials were transported by horse-drawn wagons, rafts and canoes, or carried on their backs.

Many generations have been baptized, married and buried from the Church which continues today as a place of worship and ceremony for people in the surrounding communities of Samahquam, Douglas First Nation and Mount Currie. The Church was blessed by the Catholic Archbishop in 1908, but the building belongs to the people of the communities who built it. Some restoration work was carried out in 1982 to 1984, and the church was blessed by Archbishop Carney. At that time, elders Henry Peters and Margaret Ann Peters (Williams) celebrated their 51st wedding anniversary, and baptized a great-grand daughter, Jessica.

## National Historic Site

[edit]

The Church was designated by the national Historic Sites and Monuments Board in 1981 because of its unique Carpenter Gothic architecture and hand-carved interior features. The church builders were commemorated with a bronze plaque erected on June 22, 2006. The tri-lingual plaque is in Ucwalmicwts, English and French. "Amha Lakwa Lamcalalhcw"

> Built about 1905 by members of the Stl'atl'imx Nation, the Church of the Holy Cross is remarkable for the beauty and originality of its interior decoration. The craftsmanship of the cedar sculptures, altar, pews, and grave markers of this wooden Carpenter Gothic style building attests to the exceptional skills of the local artisans. The corner towers, rose window, three spires, and arched windows also contribute to the distinctive character of this 'cathedral in the wilderness'

## Conservation

[edit]

In the winter of 2006, conservation work started, stabilizing the interior of the towers and steeples. The following year, work on the foundations was started; completed in 2008, the Church is now supported by in-ground concrete footings, which replace the old river rock. In some places where the original wood beams supporting the church were rotted, the ends of the beams were trimmed, and new wood inserted. When the front porch was removed, the long support beam under the front of the Church was found to be full of dry rot - easily 4 to 5 inches of the 16 inch timber had been destroyed. In order to complete the work before winter, a concrete bearing wall was installed under the front of the church. The two towers on the east and west are also now supported by concrete foundations. The building is now on a stable foundation, but deterioration of the envelope, towers, and decorative trims continue.

The work on the foundations was taped by PTV Productions, and a one-hour documentary "Saving Places" will be broadcast on History TV.[2]

In August 2009, the Society received notice from Parks Canada that the Canadian government is prepared to enter into a cost-sharing agreement, with funds of up to $202,060 for 'eligible' expenses. The volunteers will still have to raise matching funds for the work to proceed. An official Ministerial announcement by MP Randy Kamp was celebrated on November 14, 2009.

Since then, there has been an Emergency Intervention at the Church; damaged windows, trim, and woodwork have been removed from the two towers and stored safely. Exposed holes have been covered with plywood and Typar to keep out the weather. Over the winter, a team of architects, engineer and consultants will be completed a detailed analysis and plans for conservation work. Conservation will include repair and replacement of decorative trim and exterior cladding, repair of windows, frames, mullions and trim, scraping and repainting the exterior, replacement of the roof which is nearing 30 years old, upgrading the electrical system, and other safety and fire suppression measures.

The Ama Liisaos Heritage Trust Society is raising funds for the conservation of the building; total budget is expected to exceed $450,000 with about half of that coming from the federal cost-sharing agreement. An "Adopt a Window" campaign has been started, giving families and supporters the opportunity to honour a family member or special event on a memorial plaque. Anyone interested in supporting conservation of this special site should contact Ama Liisaos Heritage Trust Society. A book Spirit in the Land: Our Place of Prayer tells the story of the Church and its builders.

A local elder explains that the people built this church because they were devout Catholics. "They were devoutly spiritual people. Originally, they would have prayed on the land, wherever they were. It was the priests who taught the people to pray in a church. This building has become a centre for our culture and our communities. Our ancestors built this church by working together. It can bring our people back together once again."

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Church of the Holy Cross. Canadian Register of Historic Places. Retrieved 30 October 2011.
2. ^ you can enquire from them about broadcast date, or contact [Ama Liisaos Heritage Trust Society]

## External links

[edit]

* Church of the Holy Cross new website
* Society President Yvonne Peters website
* Story from BC Catholic magazine
* Skookumchuck Village in Vanishing BC website, painter/author Michael Kluckner
* Skookumchuck Church photos
* The Church of the Holy Cross episode of Saving Places

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* Boyle Point
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* Bamberton
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* Andy Bailey
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* Vaseux Lake

Peace River RD|

* Bearhole Lake
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qathet RD|

* Anderson Bay
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Squamish-Lillooet RD|

* Alice Lake
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* Blackcomb Glacier
* Brackendale Eagles
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* Edge Hills
* Fred Antoine
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* Joffre Lakes
* Marble Canyon
* Murrin
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* Seton Portage Historic
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* South Chilcotin Mountains
* Stawamus Chief
* Tantalus
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* Yalakom

Stikine Region|

* Atlin/Áa Tlein Téix'i
* Dall River Old Growth
* Denetiah
* Dune Za Keyih
* Horneline Creek
* Hyland River
* Omineca
* Spatsizi Headwaters
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* Stikine River
* Sustut
* Tā Ch’ilā (Boya Lake)
* Tarahne
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* Tuya Mountains

Strathcona RD|

* Artlish Caves
* Big Bunsby Marine
* Bishop River
* Bligh Island
* Catala Island Marine
* Dixie Cove Marine
* Elk Falls
* Gold Muchalat
* Háthayim (Von Donop) Marine
* Homathko Estuary
* Loveland Bay
* Main Lake
* Mansons Landing
* Mitlenatch Island Nature
* Morton Lake
* Mquqᵂin/Brooks Peninsula
* Nuchatlitz
* Octopus Islands Marine
* Read Island
* Rebecca Spit Marine
* Rendezvous Island South
* Rock Bay Marine
* Roscoe Bay
* Rugged Point Marine
* Santa Gertrudis - Boca del Infierno Marine
* Small Inlet Marine
* Smelt Bay
* Strathcona
* Strathcona-Westmin
* Surge Narrows
* Tahsish-Kwois
* Teakerne Arm
* Thurston Bay Marine
* Walsh Cove
* Weymer Creek
* White Ridge
* White River

Sunshine Coast RD|

* Buccaneer Bay
* Francis Point
* Garden Bay Marine
* Halkett Bay Marine
* Hardy Island Marine
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* Mount Elphinstone
* Mount Richardson
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* Porpoise Bay
* Princess Louisa Marine
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* Simson Marine
* Skookumchuck Narrows
* Smuggler Cove Marine
* Spipiyus
* Tetrahedron

Thompson-Nicola RD|

* Arrowstone
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* Bedard Aspen
* Big Bar Lake
* Blue Earth Lake
* Blue River Black Spruce
* Blue River Pine
* Bonaparte
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* Castle Rock Hoodoos
* Chasm
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* Churn Creek
* Coldwater River
* Copper Johnny
* Cornwall Hills
* Downing
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* Eakin Creek Canyon
* Eakin Creek Floodplain
* Edge Hills
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* Emar Lakes
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* Finn Creek
* Flat Lake
* French Bar Creek
* Goldpan
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* Greenstone Mountain
* Harbour Dudgeon Lakes
* Harry Lake Aspen
* High Lakes Basin
* Juniper Beach
* Kentucky Alleyne
* Loon Lake
* Marble Canyon
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* McConnell Lake
* Momich Lakes
* Monck
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* Monte Lake
* Mount Savona
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* Niskonlith Lake
* North Thompson Islands
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* North Thompson Oxbows Jensen Island
* North Thompson River
* Oregon Jack
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* Paul Lake
* Pennask Creek
* Pennask Lake
* Pillar
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* Pritchard
* Pyramid Creek Falls
* Roche Lake
* Skihist
* Steelhead
* Stein Valley Nlaka'pamux
* Taweel
* Tsintsunko Lakes
* Tunkwa
* Upper Adams River
* Walhachin Oxbows
* Walloper Lake
* Wells Gray
* Wire Cache

Conservancies|

* Alty
* Banks Nii Łuutiksm
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach
* Bishop Bay – Monkey Beach Corridor
* Broughton Archipelago
* Burdwood Group
* Calvert Island
* Cascade-Sutslem
* Cetan/Thurston Bay
* Crab Lake
* Daawuuxusda Heritage
* Dean River
* Duu Guusd Heritage
* Dzawadi/Upper Klinaklini River
* Ecstall Headwaters
* Ecstall-Sparkling
* Ecstall-Spokskuut
* Ellerslie-Roscoe
* Ethelda Bay – Tennant Island
* Europa Lake
* Fiordland
* Forward Harbour/ƛəx̌əᵂəyəm
* Gitxaala Nii Luutiksm/Kitkatla
* Gunboat Harbour
* Hakai Lúxvbálís
* Hanna-Tintina
* Hotsprings-No Name Creek
* Kamdis
* Huchsduwachsdu Nuyem Jees / Kitlope Heritage
* Hunwadi/Ahnuhati-Bald
* Indian Lake – Hitchcock Creek/Át Ch'îni Shà
* Jump Across
* Kennedy Island
* K'distsausk/Turtle Point
* Khtada Lake
* Khutzeymateen Inlet
* Khyex
* Kitasoo Spirit Bear
* K’lgaan/Klekane
* K’mooda/Lowe-Gamble
* K'nabiyaaxl/Ashdown
* Koeye
* K’ootz/Khutze
* Ksgaxl/Stephens Island
* Ksi X’anmaas
* Ksi xts'at'kw/Stagoo
* Ktisgaidz/MacDonald Bay
* Kts'mkta'ani/Union Lake
* Kun⨱alas Heritage
* K'uuna Gwaay Heritage
* K'waal
* Lady Douglas-Don Peninsula
* Lax ka’gaas/Campania
* Lax Kul Nii Luutiksm/Bonilla
* Lax Kwaxl/Dundas and Melville Islands
* Lax Kwil Dziidz/Fin
* Lockhart-Gordon
* Lucy Islands
* Mahpahkum-Ahkwuna/Deserters-Walker
* Maxtaktsm'aa/Union Passage
* Moksgm’ol/Chapple–Cornwall
* Monckton Nii Luutiksm
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers (Kuthai Area)/Yáwu Yaa
* Nakina – Inklin Rivers/Yáwu Yaa
* Namu
* Nang Xaldangaas Heritage
* Neʼāhʼ
* Outer Central Coast Islands
* Owikeno
* Pa-aat
* Polkinghorne Islands
* Q’altanaas/Aaltanhash
* Qudǝs/Gillard-Jimmy Judd Island Conservancy
* Qwiquallaaq/Boat Bay
* Shearwater Hot Springs
* Tenh Dẕetle
* Tlall Heritage
* Tsa-Latĺ/Smokehouse
* Tutshi Lake/T’ooch’ Áayi
* Ugʷiwa’/Cape Caution
* Upper Elaho Valley
* Upper Gladys River/Watsíx Deiyi
* Upper Kimsquit River
* Upper Rogers kóḻii7
* Upper Soo
* Willison Creek – Nelson Lake/Sít’ Héeni
* Yaaguun Gandlaay
* Yaaguun Suu

Ecological reserves|

* Aleza Lake
* Ambrose Lake
* Anne Vallée (Triangle Island)
* Baeria Rocks
* Ballingall Islets
* Baynes Island
* Bednesti Lake
* Beresford Island
* Big Creek
* Big White Mountain
* Blackwater Creek
* Bowen Island
* Bowser
* Browne Lake
* Buck Hills Road
* Burnt Cabin Bog
* Byers-Conroy-Harvey-Sinnett Islands
* Canoe Islets
* Checleset Bay
* Claud Elliott Creek
* Columbia Lake
* Drizzle Lake
* Duke of Edinburgh (Pine/Storm/Tree Islets)
* Dewdney and Glide Islands
* East Redonda Island
* Gingietl Creek
* Gladys Lake
* Ilgachuz Range
* Klanawa River
* Misty Lake
* Mount Derby
* Mount Elliott
* Mount Tzouhalem
* Nitinat Lake
* Race Rocks
* Robson Bight
* Rose Spit
* San Juan River Estuary
* Sikanni Chief River
* Solander Island
* Tow Hill
* Trial Islands
* Tsitika Mountain
* Vladimir J. Krajina

Protected areas|

* Anarchist
* Brent Mountain
* Brim River Hot Springs
* Chukachida
* Churn Creek
* Craig Headwaters
* Damdochax
* Homathko River - Tatlayoko
* Klua Lakes
* Lac du Bois Grasslands
* Lucy Islands
* Nechako Canyon
* Pitman River
* Snowy
* South Okanagan Grasslands
* Thinahtea
* Thunderbird's Nest (T'iitsk'in Paawats)
* Upper Raush
* Vaseux
* White Lake Grasslands

Recreation areas|

* Coquihalla Summit
* Kettle River
* Mount Edziza (former)

Wildlife Management Areas

* Bert Brink
* Boundary Bay
* Chilanko Marsh
* Cluxewe
* Columbia Wetlands
* Coquitlam River
* Cranberry Marsh/Starratt
* Dewdrop-Rosseau Creek
* East Side Columbia Lake
* Green Mountain
* Hamling Lakes
* Lhá:lt/Harrison-Chehalis
* Lazo Marsh-North East Comox
* McTaggart-Cowan/Nsək'łniw't
* Midge Creek
* Parksville-Qualicum Beach
* Pemberton Wetlands
* Pitt-Addington Marsh
* Quatse Estuary
* Roberts Bank
* S'amunu
* Serpentine
* Skwelwil'em Squamish Estuary
* South Arm Marshes
* South Okanagan
* Stellako River
* Sturgeon Bank
* Swan Lake
* Todagin
* Tofino Mudflats
* Tranquille

Regional Parks

* Burnaby Lake
* Campbell Valley
* Capilano River
* Cascade Falls
* Derby Reach
* Elk/Beaver Lake
* Island View Beach
* Kanaka Creek
* Minnekhada
* Mount Arrowsmith
* Mount Douglas
* Pacific Spirit
* Sooke Potholes
* Surrey Bend
* təmtəmíxʷtən/Belcarra

Other

* Creston Valley Wildlife Management Area
* Hidden Grove/Sechelt Heritage Forest
* Maplewood Flats Conservation Area
* Muskwa-Kechika Management Area
* Sacred Headwaters (proposed)
* Sea to Sea Green Blue Belt
* Swan Lake Nature Sanctuary

* Category
* BC Parks
* Commons

* v
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Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Vancouver

* v
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Ordinaries of the Archdiocese of Vancouver

Apostolic Vicars of British Columbia|

* Louis-Joseph d'Herbomez
* Pierre-Paul Durieu

Bishops of New Westminster|

* Pierre-Paul Durieu
* Augustin Dontenwill

Archbishops of Vancouver|

* Augustin Dontenwill
* Neil McNeil
* Timothy Casey
* William Mark Duke
* Martin Michael Johnson
* James Carney
* Adam Exner
* Raymond Roussin
* J. Michael Miller

Auxiliary bishops, former|

* Edward Jennings
* Lawrence Sabatini

Bishops who served as
priests in the Archdiocese|

* Gary Franken
* Richard Gagnon
* Gary Gordon
* Mark Hagemoen
* Stephen Jensen
* Peter Mallon
* David Monroe
* Joseph Phuong Nguyen

* Catholicism portal
* The Diocese of New Westminster was elevated to the status of archdiocese and renamed as the Archdiocese of Vancouver in 1908.

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Churches in the Archdiocese of Vancouver

Cathedral|

Holy Rosary Cathedral

Parishes|

* Church of the Assumption, Powell River
* Our Lady of Good Hope Church, Hope
* Our Lady of Lourdes Church, Coquitlam
* Sacred Heart Church, Vancouver
* St. Augustine's Church, Vancouver
* St. Mark's Church, Vancouver
* St. Mary's Church, Chilliwack
* St. Patrick's Church, Vancouver
* St. Paul's Indian Church, North Vancouver
* St. Peter's Church, New Westminster
* Sts. Peter & Paul's Church, Vancouver

Former parishes|

* Church of the Holy Cross, Skatin

Abbey|

* Westminster Abbey, Mission

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Education in the Archdiocese of Vancouver

Higher education|

* Catholic Pacific College
* Corpus Christi College
* St. Mark's College

Seminaries|

* Seminary of Christ the King

High schools|

* Archbishop Carney Regional Secondary School
* Holy Cross Regional High School
* Little Flower Academy
* Notre Dame Regional Secondary School
* St. John Brebeuf Regional Secondary
* St. John Paul II Academy
* St. Patrick Regional Secondary School
* St. Thomas Aquinas Regional Secondary School
* Traditional Learning Academy
* Vancouver College

Former|

* Convent of the Sacred Heart High School

* Catholicism portal
* Canada portal

49°56′13″N 122°24′30″W﻿ / ﻿49.9370°N 122.4082°W﻿ / 49.9370; -122.4082
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*[CRHP]: Canadian Register of Historic Places