Cincinnati Group

Geologic group in Kentucky and Ohio, United States

Cincinnati Group

Stratigraphic range: Late Ordovician

Brachiopod-rich Cincinnatian limestone (Waynesville/Bull Fork Formation, Ohio)

Type| Group
Sub-units| Drakes Formation, Preachersville Member, Whitewater Formation, Liberty Formation, Waynesville Formation, Arnheim Formation, Grant Lake Limestone, Bellevue Member, Corryville Member, Mount Auburn Member, and Straight Creek Member, Miamitown Shale, Fairview Formation, Kope Formation, Clays Ferry Formation Point Pleasant Tongue
Underlies| Cataract Group
Overlies| Trenton Group
Location
Region| Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana
Country| United States

The Cincinnati Group is a geologic group in Kentucky, Ohio and Indiana. It is Upper Ordovician in age. This geologic group is made up of member formations: Drakes Formation, Whitewater Formation, Liberty Formation, Arnheim Formation, Grant Lake Limestone, Miamitown Shale, Fairview Formation, and Kope Formation. There are also several members of the respective formations.[1] Most of these formations are highly fossiliferous.

## Stratigraphy

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### Drakes Formation

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Syneresis Cracks, Drakes Formation in Ohio

The Drakes Formation is a geologic formation in Kentucky. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician period.

The Drakes Formation was named by Weir for outcrops near the East Fork of Drakes Creek in the Paint Lick quadrangle, southwestern east-central Kentucky.[2] This formation ranges from 20ft to 150ft thick, thinning northward. It includes four members, Saluda Dolomite Member, Preachersville Member, Rowland Member and Bardstown Member. These formations are made up of interbedded limestone and shale with units of dolomite ranging from a few inches to a few feet think.

### Whitewater Formation

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The Whitewater Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio and Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician Period.[3]

The Whitewater was first named by J. M. Nickles in 1903.[4] He described exposures of limestone and interbedded calcareous shale along the Whitewater River at Richmond, Wayne County, Indiana.

An excellent exposure of the Whitewater Formation is a roadcut located on Route 27 south of Richmond, Indiana, at 39.7877 N, -84.9014 W. It is typically called "Richmond South" in field guides and other publications.

* Fossiliferous slab

* Rugosa corals

* Bryozoa

* Small brachiopod

* Another brachiopod

* Bivalve

### Liberty Formation

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The Liberty Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio and Indiana. It preserves fossils dating back to the Ordovician Period.

Carbonate hardground from the Liberty Formation of southern Ohio.

### Waynesville Formation

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The Waynesville Formation is a geologic formation in Ohio and Indiana. It preserves fossils from the Late Ordovician Period.

## See also

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* Geology portal
* Earth sciences portal
* United States portal
* Ohio portal
* Indiana portal
* Paleontology portal

* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Kentucky
* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Ohio
* List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Indiana

## References

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1. ^ Davis, R. A. (1986), "Cincinnati region", Southeastern Section of the Geological Society of America, Geological Society of America, pp. 21–24, ISBN 0-8137-5406-2, retrieved 2025-06-16
2. ^ Calloway Creek limestone and Ashlock and Drakes Formations (Upper Ordovician) in south-central Kentucky (Report). US Geological Survey. 1965.
3. ^ "Geolex — Whitewater". ngmdb.usgs.gov. Retrieved 2025-06-16.
4. ^ Nickles, J. M., 1903, The Richmond Group in Ohio and Indiana and its subdivisions, with a note on the genus Strophomena and its type: American Geologist, v. 32, p. 202–218.

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Chronostratigraphy of Ohio

Ph|

| Pz|

| P|

| Cisuralian|

Dunkard Group
Greene Formation
Washington Formation

|

| ⁋|

| Gzhelian|

Dunkard Group
Waynesburg Formation

Monongahela Group
Uniontown Formation
Pittsburgh Formation

|

Kasimovian|

Conemaugh Group
Casselman Formation
Glenshaw Formation

Moscovian|

Allegheny Group
Pottsville Group

| Viséan|

* Maxville Limestone

|

Tournaisian|

Cuyahoga Formation

Logan Formation

* Sunbury Shale

* Coldwater Shale
* Rushville Shale

| Upper|

| Famennian|

* Bedford Shale
* Berea Sandstone
* Cussewago Sandstone

Ohio Shale
Cleveland Shale
Chagrin Shale
Huron Shale

|

Frasnian|

* Burket Shale
* Olentangy Shale (upper)

* Antrim Shale
* Java Formation

West Falls Group
Angola Shale
Rhinestreet Shale

Middle|

| Givetian|

* Tully Formation
* Mahantango Formation
* Olentangy Shale (lower)
* Plum Brook Shale
* Prout Limestone
* Silica Formation

|

Eifelian|

* Marcellus Shale

* Amherstburg Dolomite
* Columbus Limestone/Onondaga Limestone
* Delaware Limestone
* Detroit River Group
* Hillsboro Sandstone

* Dundee Formation
* Lucas Dolomite
* Tenmile Creek Dolomite

Lower|

| Emsian|

* Amherstburg Dolomite
* Detroit River Group
* Hillsboro Sandstone

|

Lochkovian|

* Holland Quarry Shale

* Bass Islands Dolomite
* Bois Blanc Formation
* Helderberg Group
* Oriskany Sandstone
* Sylvania Sandstone

| Pridoli|

* Bertie Formation

|

Ludlow|

| Ludfordian|

* Salina Group

|

Gorstian|

* Salina Group
* Guelph Dolomite

* Salina Group
* Greenfield Dolomite
* Tymochtee Dolomite

Wenlock|

| Homerian|

Lockport Group
Gasport Dolomite
Guelph Dolomite
Goat Island Dolomite

|

* Bisher Formation
* Cedarville Dolomite
* Dayton Formation
* Estill Shale
* Euphemia Dolomite
* Laurel Limestone
* Lilley Formation
* Massie Shale
* Osgood Shale
* Peebles Dolomite
* Rochester Shale
* Springfield Dolomite

Llandovery|

* Brassfield Formation
* Cabot Head Shale
* Clinton Formation
* Drowning Creek Formation
* Manitoulin Dolomite

| Upper|

* Arnheim Formation
* Cincinnati Group
* Drakes Formation
* Fairview Formation
* Grant Lake Formation
* Kope Formation
* Liberty Formation
* Miamitown Shale
* Queenston Shale
* Saluda Formation
* Trenton Limestone
* Waynesville Formation
* Whitewater Formation

|

Middle|

* Black River Group
* Lexington Limestone
* Point Pleasant Formation
* Trenton Limestone
* Wells Creek Formation

| Furongian|

* Conasauga Formation
* Eau Claire Formation
* Kerbel Formation
* Knox Dolomite
* Rome Formation

|

* Mt. Simon Sandstone

pЄ|

| ♇|

| Z|

* Swift Run Formation

|

* Middle Run Formation

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