Clubs (suit)

Suit in French playing cards

Not to be confused with the suit of clubs in Spanish-suited cards.

Clubs

Native name| French: Trèfle
Deck| French-suited playing cards
Invented| 15th century

Clubs () (French: Trèfle) is one of the four playing card suits in the standard French-suited playing cards. The symbol was derived from that of the suit of Acorns in a German deck when French suits were invented, around 1480.[1]

In Skat and Doppelkopf, Clubs are the highest-ranked suit (whereas Diamonds and Bells are the trump suit in Doppelkopf). In Bridge, Clubs are the lowest suit.

## Name

[edit]

Its original French name is Trèfle which means "clover" and the card symbol depicts a three-leafed clover leaf. The Italian name is Fiori ("flower"). However, the English name "Clubs" is a translation of basto, the Spanish name for the suit of batons, suggesting that Spanish-suited cards were used in England before French suits were invented.[2]

In Germany, this suit is known as Kreuz ("cross"), especially in the International Skat Regulations. In Austria, by contrast, it is almost exclusively called Treff in reference to the French name, especially in the game of Bridge, where French names generally predominate. For example, Cœur is used instead of Herz.

## Characteristics

[edit]

The symbol for the suit of Clubs depicts a very stylised three-leaf clover with its stalk oriented downwards.

Generally, the suit of Clubs is black in colour so they can be used in some games as a pair with Spades (suit), like Klondike (solitaire). However, the suit may also be green, for example as sometimes used in Bridge (where it is one of the two minor suits, along with Diamonds).

The gallery below shows a suit of Clubs from a French-suited playing cards of 52 cards. Not shown is the Knight of Clubs used in tarot card games:

* Ace

* 2

* 3

* 4

* 5

* 6

* 7

* 8

* 9

* 10

* Jack

* Queen

* King

## Four-colour packs

[edit]

The four aces of a four-colour deck; here, Clubs are green.

Four-colour packs are sometimes used in tournaments or online.[3] In four-colour packs, clubs may be:

* green  in American Bridge and Poker,[4] English Poker, French and Swiss four-colour decks,[5]
* black  in German Skat packs,[5]
* blue  in English Bridge and some American packs or
* pink  in some other four-colour packs.

## Coding

[edit]

The symbol ♣ is already in the CP437 and thus also part of Windows WGL4. In Unicode a black ♣ and a white ♧ Club symbol are defined:

Character information  Preview | ♣ | ♧

|
|

Unicode name  | BLACK CLUB SUIT  | WHITE CLUB SUIT
Encodings | decimal | hex | dec | hex
Unicode | 9827 | U+2663 | 9831 | U+2667
UTF-8 | 226 153 163 | E2 99 A3 | 226 153 167 | E2 99 A7
Numeric character reference | &#9827; | &#x2663; | &#9831; | &#x2667;
Named character reference | &clubs;, &clubsuit; |
CP437 | 5 | 05 |  |

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Dummett (1980), p. 22.
2. ^ Parlett (2008), p. xiv.
3. ^ Allan & Mackay (2007), p. 155.
4. ^ Four-Color Deck at pokernews.com. Retrieved 4 August 2020.
5. ^ a b Gallery 3 - Sizes, Shapes and Colours at a_pollett.tripod.com. Retrieved 4 Aug 2020.

## Literature

[edit]

* Allan, Elkan and Hannah Mackay. The Poker Encyclopedia. London: Portico ISBN 978-1906-03209-8
* Dummett, Michael (1980). The Game of Tarot. Duckworth, London. ISBN 0 7156 1014 7
* Parlett, David (2008). The Penguin Book of Card Games London: Penguin ISBN 978-0-141-03787-5

* v
* t
* e

Playing cards

Standard
52-card deck|

| Playing card suits (French)|

* Spades
* Hearts
* Diamonds
* Clubs

|

Ranks|

* Ace
* Ace of spades
* Ace of hearts
* King
* Queen
* Queen of spades
* Jack
* Curse of Scotland
* Beer card

Specific decks|

* Ambraser Hofjagdspiel
* Archaeology awareness
* Charruan
* Flemish Hunting Deck
* Hamas most wanted
* Hofämterspiel
* Jerry's Nugget
* Most-wanted Iraqi
* Politicards
* Stuttgart pack
* Transformation

Other packs
and decks|

* As-Nas
* Chinese
* Four-colour pack
* Ganjifa
* ganjapa
* Karuta
* hanafuda
* Hyakunin Isshu
* kabufuda
* uta-garuta
* Kvitlech
* Polish
* Portuguese-suited
* Russian
* Tarot pack
* Tujeon
* Zi pai

Cards|

* Banner
* Blank
* Court card
* knight
* Ober
* Unter
* Pip card
* deuce
* Weli
* Joker
* Nicknames
* Stripped deck
* Talon
* Unicode

Other suits|

| German|

* Leaves

|

Swiss|

* Shields
* Roses

German and Swiss|

* Acorns
* Bells

Latin (Italian/Spanish/Portuguese)|

* Cups
* Coins
* Batons
* Swords
* Japanese
* Guru (circular whirls)

Chinese (Money)|

* Cash
* Strings of Cash
* Myriads of Strings
* Tens of Myriads

Manufacturers
and brands|

| Manufacturers|

* ASS Altenburger
* Cartamundi
* Copag
* Dal Negro
* Fournier
* France Cartes
* F.X. Schmid
* Gemaco
* J.O. Öberg & Son
* Modiano
* Nintendo
* Nürnberger-Spielkarten-Verlag
* Oishi Tengudo
* Piatnik
* Ravensburger
* Trefl
* U.S. Games Systems
* United States Playing Card Company

|

Brands|

* Bicycle
* Grimaud

Defunct|

* Aspioti-ELKA
* Bielefelder Spielkarten
* C.L. Wüst
* Charles Goodall
* Dondorf
* Lewis Cohen
* Waddingtons

Notable people|

* Lee Asher
* Hubert Auer
* Bryan Berg
* David Blaine
* Derren Brown
* Lewis Cohen
* Dan and Dave
* Thierry Depaulis
* S. W. Erdnase
* Lennart Green
* Richard Harding
* Johann Kaspar Hechtel
* Ricky Jay
* Sekiryo Kaneda
* René Lavand
* Ed Marlo
* Master of the Playing Cards
* John McLeod
* Anton Moser
* Samuel J. Murray
* David Parlett
* Ferdinand Piatnik
* Richard Valentine Pitchford
* Franco Pratesi
* Johann Georg Rauch
* Juan Tamariz
* Howard Thurston
* Charles Troedel
* Dai Vernon
* Fusajiro Yamauchi

Groups and
organisations|

| Skat|

* British Skat Association
* German Skat Association
* International Skat Court
* International Skat Players Association

|

* 52 Plus Joker
* Cary Collection of Playing Cards
* Fournier Museum of Playing Cards
* German Doppelkopf Association
* German Playing Card Museum
* International Playing-Card Society
* The Playing-Card
* Musée Français de la Carte à Jouer
* Saga Arashiyama Museum of Arts and Culture
* Worshipful Company of Makers of Playing Cards

Card manipulation
and cardistry|

| Tricks|

* The Acme of Control
* Ambitious Card
* Blackstone's Card Trick Without Cards
* The Circus Card Trick
* The Four Burglars
* Out of This World
* Rising Card
* Spelling Bee
* Twenty-One Card Trick

|

* Bottom dealing
* Card marking
* Card sharp
* Card throwing
* Cards in the hat
* Cardistry-Con
* Cutting
* Double lift
* The Expert at the Card Table
* Herrmann pass
* History of cardistry
* House of cards
* One-way deck
* Palms and grips
* gambler's
* magician's
* mechanic's
* Tenkai
* The Phantom of the Card Table
* Second dealing
* Shuffling
* faro
* Gilbreath
* Zarrow
* Si Stebbins stack
* Spoke card
* Three-card monte
* Trick decks

Art and media|

| Paintings|

* The Acrobats
* The Bezique Game
* The Card Players
* The Card Players II
* Card Players in a Rich Interior
* The Card Sharp with the Ace of Diamonds
* Cardplayers in a Sunlit Room
* The Cardsharps
* Dogs Playing Poker
* Still Life with a Poem
* Violin and Playing Cards on a Table

|

Film and television|

* Card Sharks
* Playing Cards (1896)
* Play Your Cards Right

Video games|

* Balatro

Literature|

* Alice's Adventures In Wonderland (1865)

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