Coconut production in Kerala

Kerala or Keralam (as it is known in the region's Malayalam language) are called ‘alam’ meaning ‘the land of’, and ‘kera’ meaning ‘coconut’. Jammed between the sea and coastal mountains, Kerala is subject to the monsoon rains that flood the land and the rice paddies on the subcontinent’s southern tip. Long growing seasons yield a coconut crop every 40 days, with each tree producing 20 to 30 coconuts per harvest. Keralites, most of whom seem to have at least four or five trees on their small plots of land, claim they are Kalpa Vriksham —“the trees of heaven.” They use the coconuts themselves for food, tender coconuts for water and spirituous toddy for drinking; the fronds for mats and roofs; the oil for cooking; and the husk fibre for a thriving rope industry. They are intrinsically tied to the culture and folklore well. It is a part of every celebration —as an ingredient in the Keralan delicacies prepared, as offering to the gods and to mark an auspicious occasion (by breaking a coconut). Various terms like copra and coir are derived from the native Malayalam language.

By the late 1970s it accounted for some 68% of total production in India and at one stage some 8,99,198 hectares were reportedly under cultivation.[1] Today Kerala produces roughly 45% of India's coconuts, with some 92% of total production lying in the southern Indian states and Kerala's neighbours. The Coconut Development Board which plays an important role in the development of coconut production in India has its headquarters in Kochi, Kerala.[2] One problem which poses a major threat to production in Kerala is 'Root Wilt Disease'.[3]

## Places with high cultivation

[edit]

Coastal regions have sandy soils which is the best for coconut trees which results in a higher yield of the produce (fruit). In Kerala Interior places with fertile soils and plain regions also give good growth to coconut trees.

### Places (List)

[edit]

* Trivandrum
* Kochi
* Kollam
* Alappuzha
* Ponnani
* Tanur
* Kozhikode
* Kannur
* Places in plain fertile regions of Kottayam and Pathanamthitta District.[4]

## Uses

[edit]

In Kerala, the coconut tree is called as "Kalpa Vriksham" which essentially means all parts of a Coconut tree is useful some way or other. Cocus nucifera dominate the landscape in many parts, rising up to a height of 25m, and bearing over 50 fruits on average in a year. The trees have many uses; their leaves are used to make sheds, baskets, and doormats, the husk for making coir, the shell for making ladles and spoons, and fruits used for making hair oil or for eating. Coconut is a staple ingredient in many Kerala dishes and coconut oil is widely consumed and used to make drinks such as coconut toddy and dishes such as appam. Coconut is also used for making coconut paste which is essential for making traditional curries.[5]

A number of places in Kerala such as Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Kumarakom, Paravur, Mararikulam and Periyar offer coconut tours to visitors in their plantations, providing an insight into coconut cultivation in Kerala.

## Picture gallery

[edit]

* A coconut tree in Kerala

* Coconut trees and paddy field

* Intercropping coconut with Tagetes erecta

* Kallar, Kerala

* Toddy shop

* Varambu

* Vadavannur Rice Fields

* Coconut Tree

* CoconutTree on a beach (Varkala)

* Beautiful Sea Coconut Trees

* Ashtamichira

* Coconuts arrangement in kerala

* തേങ്ങ പൊതിക്കാനുള്ള ഉപകരണം

* Coir fibers

* Coir worker

* Making coir rope in Kerala

* Women at work in a small scale coir spinning unit at Kollam

* Ola madanjathu

* Vallom

* Kuruthola kalari

* Coconut craft at Fort Kochi

* Coconut Leaf Gate

* Coconut Apple - പൊങ്ങ്

* Puttu with Kadala

* Appam and Curry

* Kozhukatta - Cuisine of Kerala

* Vada (Kerala style, with coconut chutney)

## See also

[edit]

* Coir
* Copra
* Coconut production in India
* Coconut Development Board
* Geography of Kerala
* Tourism in Kerala
* Cuisine of Kerala

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Oommen, M. A. (1979). Kerala economy since independence. Oxford & IBH Pub. Co. pp. 48–52. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
2. ^ Coconut Development Board
3. ^ Sankhyā B. Statistical Pub. Society. 1 January 1976. pp. 73–4. Retrieved 15 November 2011.
4. ^ Coconut Development Board
5. ^ Osella, Filippo; Osella, Caroline (2000). Social mobility in Kerala : modernity and identity in conflict. Pluto Press. p. 235\. ISBN 978-0-7453-1693-2. Retrieved 15 November 2011.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Coconuts in Kerala.

* v
* t
* e

World coconut production

* Brazil
* India
* Kerala
* Indonesia
* Mexico
* Philippines
* Sri Lanka
* Thailand
* Vietnam

* v
* t
* e

Coconut

Production|

* Brazil
* India
* Indonesia
* Kerala
* Mexico
* Niue
* Philippines
* Sri Lanka
* Thailand
* Vietnam

Products|

* Butter
* Cadjan
* Coir
* Copra
* Cream of coconut
* Jam
* Coconut cup
* Coco chocolatero
* Jewelry
* Latík
* Macapuno
* Milk
* Milk beverage
* Nata de coco
* Oil
* Powder
* Skim milk
* Sprouted coconut
* Sugar
* Tempe bongkrèk
* Timber
* Vinegar
* Water
* Wine (Arrack)

Dishes|

* List of coconut dishes
* List of dishes made using coconut milk

Diseases|

* Sago worm
* Bipolaris incurvata
* Botryosphaeria cocogena
* Bursaphelenchus cocophilus
* Cadang-cadang
* Capnodium footii
* Cephaleuros virescens
* Corticium penicillatum
* Cytospora palmarum
* Marasmiellus cocophilus
* Periconiella cocoes
* Pestalotiopsis palmarum
* Phaeochoropsis mucosa
* Phyllosticta palmetto
* Phytophthora palmivora
* Pseudoepicoccum cocos
* Ramularia necator
* Stigmina palmivora

Organizations|

* Asian and Pacific Coconut Community
* Coconut Development Board
* Franklin Baker Company
* KERAFED
* Philippine Coconut Authority

Culture|

* August Engelhardt
* Coconut Palace
* Coconut pearl
* Coconut Religion
* Hainuwele
* World Coconut Day
* "You think you just fell out of a coconut tree?"

* Category

* v
* t
* e

Agriculture in India

Industries|

* Areca nut
* Coconut (in Kerala)
* Coffee
* Dairy
* Fenugreek
* Olive
* Rice
* Sugar

Executive|

* Ministry of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
* Department of Agriculture, Co-operation and Farmers' Welfare
* Indian Council of Agricultural Research
* Krishi Bhavan

Law|

* Biological Diversity Act, 2002
* Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers' Rights Act, 2001
* 2020 Indian agriculture acts

Schemes|

* Atal Bhujal Yojana
* Gramin Bhandaran Yojana
* Micro Irrigation Fund (MIF)
* National Mission For Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
* Krishi Sinchai Yojana (PMKSY)
* Kisan Samman Nidhi
* Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY)
* Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana
* Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)
* Farmer Income Protection Scheme (PM AASHA)

History|

* Farming systems
* Operation Flood
* Agriculture in ancient Tamil country
* History of tea
* Women in agriculture
* National Commission on Farmers

| Green Revolution|

* Jaunti

|

Companies|

* Bayer CropScience Limited
* Mahyco
* Pantnagar Seeds
* Reuters Market Light
* Suminter India Organics
* UPL

Protests|

* 2017 Tamil Nadu farmers' protest
* 2020–2021 Indian farmers' protest
* Samyukt Kisan Morcha
* 2021 Farmers' Republic Day protest
* Lakhimpur Kheri violence

Unions|

* Bharatiya Kisan Union
* All India Kisan Sangharsh Coordination Committee
* All India Kisan Sabha

Issues and challenges|

* Minimum support price (India)
* Farmers' suicides in India
* Doubling farmers' income

Education and research|

* Indian Council of Agricultural Research
* Central Institute for Cotton Research
* Indian Agricultural Research Institute
* Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal and more

Others|

* E-NAM
* Tractors in India
* Krishi Darshan

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template