Colerain, Georgia

Colerain (variously spelled "Coleraine" and "Colrane") is an extinct American town in Camden County, Georgia. The GNIS classifies it as a populated place.[1]

## History

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Coleraine originated as a settlement that developed around a small trading post located along the St. Marys River, on the border of northeastern Florida and southeastern Georgia. The first governor of British East Florida, Colonel James Grant, financed the creation of a portion of King's Road, stretching from New Smyrna Beach in Florida and terminating in Coleraine.

The settlement was the first location of the United States factory for trade with the Creek Indians in the mid-1790s, until the factory relocated to the newly-constructed Fort Wilkinson in 1797. It was also the site of the signing of the Treaty of Colerain between the Creeks and the United States government on June 29, 1796 - which expanded the U.S.-Creek border westward, allowed for Fort Wilkinson's construction, and mandated the removal of the factory from Colerain to the new fort.[2][3][4]

According to one tradition, the community was named after "Coleraine", a local Indian chieftain, while another tradition states the name is a transfer from Coleraine, in Ireland.[5]

The federal military road was financed by the U.S. Congress and constructed between 1824 - 1827; spanning from Colerain down to Tampa Bay, erstwhile bisecting the site of present-day Middleburg (which included settlements then called Clark's Ferry [later Garey's Ferry] and adjacent Whitesville.[6] The Federal government constructed the road in order to develop military infrastructure in the area and increase the population of white settlers.

## References

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1. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Colerain
2. ^ Robbie Ethridge, Creek Country: The Creek Indians and Their World, (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003), 129.
3. ^ J. Leitch Wright, Creeks and Seminoles: The Destruction and Regeneration of the Muscogulge People (Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1986), 141
4. ^ "Treaty with the Creeks, 1796," in Charles J. Kappler, ed., Indian Affairs: Laws and Treaties, Vol. II: Treaties (Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1904), http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/Vol2/treaties/cre0046.htm Accessed Mar. 25, 2012
5. ^ Krakow, Kenneth K. (1975). Georgia Place-Names: Their History and Origins (PDF). Macon, GA: Winship Press. p. 48\. ISBN 0-915430-00-2.
6. ^ "Journal of the Military Service Institution of the United States". 1910.

30°49′59″N 81°54′02″W﻿ / ﻿30.83306°N 81.90056°W﻿ / 30.83306; -81.90056

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Municipalities and communities of Camden County, Georgia, United States

County seat: Woodbine

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* Kingsland
* St. Marys
* Woodbine

Map of Georgia highlighting Camden County

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* Kings Bay Base
* Waverly

Other
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* Dover Bluff
* Hopewell
* Jefferson
* Seals
* Silco
* Spring Bluff
* White Oak

Ghost towns|

* Burnt Fort
* Ceylon
* Colerain

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