Comparison of the Turkic states

Sovereign Turkic States, with limitedly recognized Northern Cyprus.

This article is a comparison of the Turkic states.

## Contents

* 1 Geography
* 2 Politics
* 2.1 Government
* 2.2 International organisation membership
* 2.3 Freedom indices
* 3 Economy
* 4 Demographics
* 5 Telecommunication
* 6 See also
* 7 References

## Geography[edit]

Euler diagram showing the relationships among various supranational organisations in the territory of the Turkic countriesv • d • e

Country  | Area (km²)  | Land area (km²)  | Water area (km²)  | EEZ (km²)

|
|
|
|

Azerbaijan | 86,600 | 86,100 | 500 | 80,614[1]
Kazakhstan | 2,724,900 | 2,699,700 | 25,200 | 114,383[2]
Kyrgyzstan | 199,951 | 191,801 | 8,150 | N/A
Northern Cyprus[1] | 3,355 |  |  | No Data
Turkey | 783,562 | 769,632 | 13,930 | 262,233[3]
Turkmenistan | 488,100 | 469,930 | 18,170 | 61,226[4]
Uzbekistan | 447,400 | 425,400 | 22,000 | N/A

* EEZ of Turkey includes Marmara, which is an internal sea and Black Sea, which is established with treaties. Agean and Mediterranean EEZs are calculated with median lines. Turkey's Mavi Vatan claims have 462,000 km² EEZ.
* EEZ of Caspian Sea includes treaty between Russia, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan, other parts are calculated with median lines.

## Politics[edit]

### Government[edit]

Country  | Political systems  | Power source  | Power structure

|
|
|

Azerbaijan  | Semi-presidential system | Constitutional republic | Unitary state
Kazakhstan  | Presidential system | Constitutional republic
Kyrgyzstan  | Presidential system | Constitutional republic
Northern Cyprus[1] | Semi-presidential system | Constitutional republic
Turkey  | Presidential system | Constitutional republic
Turkmenistan  | Presidential system | Constitutional republic under a one-party authoritarian state (de facto)[5]
Uzbekistan  | Presidential system | Constitutional republic under an authoritarian state (de facto)[6]

### International organisation membership[edit]

Country  |  Council of Europe |  NATO | OECD |  UN |  WTO |  Organization Of Turkic States | Türksoy |  EAEU |  CIS | SCO |  OIC | ECO

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Azerbaijan  | 2001  | 1994 (PfP)  | See notes  | 1992  | 1997 (Observer)  | 2009  | 1993  | No  | 1993  | 2008 (Dialog partner)  | 1991  | 1992
Kazakhstan  | No  | 1994 (PfP)  | See notes  | 1992  | 2015  | 2009  | 1993  | 2015  | 1994  | 1996  | 1995  | 1992
Kyrgyzstan  | 2014 (Partner for democracy)  | 1994 (PfP)  | No  | 1992  | 1998  | 2009  | 1993  | 2015  | 1994  | 1996  | 1992  | 1992
Northern Cyprus[1] | 2004 (see notes)  | No  | No  | No  | No  | 2022 (Observer)  | 1993 (Observer)  | No  | No  | No  | 1979 (Observer)  | 2014 (Observer)
Turkey  | 1950  | 1952  | 1961  | 1945  | 1995  | 2009  | 1993  | No  | No  | 2012 (Dialog partner)  | 1969  | 1985 (1964)
Turkmenistan  | No  | 1994 (PfP)  | No  | 1992  | 2020 (Observer)  | 2021 (Observer)  | 1993  | No  | 2005 (Associate)  | No  | 1992  | 1992
Uzbekistan  | No  | 1994 (PfP)  | No  | 1992  | 1994 (Observer)  | 2019[7] | 1993  | 2020 (Observer)  | 1994  | 2001  | 1995  | 1992

* Azerbaijan participates in International Transport Forum and Joint OECD/ITF Transport Research Committee and Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes.[8]
* Kazakhstan signed Memorandum of understanding on 21 December 2018. Participates as a member of the Development Centre and Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes.[9]
* Northern Cyprus has two representatives as "Turkish Cypriot Community" in PACE.

### Freedom indices[edit]

Country  | Freedom in the World 2022[10] | 2022 Index of Economic Freedom[11] | 2022 Press Freedom Index[12] | 2021 Democracy Index[13]

|
|
|
|

Azerbaijan | 5 not free  | 3 moderately free  | 5 very serious situation  | 5 authoritarian regime
Kazakhstan | 5 not free  | 3 moderately free  | 4 difficult situation  | 5 authoritarian regime
Kyrgyzstan | 5 not free  | 4 mostly unfree  | 3 noticeable problems  | 5 authoritarian regime
Northern Cyprus[1] | 1 free  | n/a  | 3 noticeable problems  | n/a
Turkey | 5 not free  | 4 mostly unfree  | 4 difficult situation  | 4 hybrid regime
Turkmenistan | 5 not free  | 5 repressed  | 5 very serious situation  | 5 authoritarian regime
Uzbekistan | 5 not free  | 4 mostly unfree  | 4 difficult situation  | 5 authoritarian regime

## Economy[edit]

Country  | GDP total (PPP)  | GDP per capita (PPP)  | GDP total (nominal)  | GDP per capita (nominal)  | Gini | HDI | IHDI (2021)  | Currency

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Azerbaijan | $160.7 billion  | $15,843  | $54.62 billion  | $5,384  | 26.6  | 0.745  | 0.685  | Azerbaijani manat
Kazakhstan | $543.5 billion  | $28,600  | $190.8 billion  | $10,041.5  | 27.8  | 0.811  | 0.755  | Kazakhstani tenge
Kyrgyzstan | $35.4 billion  | $5,288  | $8.543 billion  | $1,276.2  | 29  | 0.692  | 0.627  | Kyrgyzstani som
Northern Cyprus[1] | $  | $  | $4.234 billion  | $11,129  |  |  | not recognized  | Turkish lira
Turkey | $2,591 billion  | $30,472  | $815.3 billion  | $9,586.6  | 41.9  | 0.838  | 0.717  | Turkish lira
Turkmenistan | $96.23 billion  | $16,194  | $45.23 billion  | $7,612  | 40.8  | 0.745  | 0.619  | Turkmenistani manat
Uzbekistan | $296.7 billion  | $8,497  | $69.24 billion  | $1,983.1  | 35.3  | 0.727  | unknown  | Uzbekistani soum

## Demographics[edit]

Country  | Population  | Density (per km²)  | Immigration (per 1000 people) (2022)

|
|
|

Azerbaijan | 10,145,212 | 117 | 0[14]
Kazakhstan | 19,002,586 | 7 | 0.39[15]
Kyrgyzstan | 6,694,200 | 33 | -4.87[16]
Northern Cyprus[1] | 390,745 | 116 |
Turkey | 84,680,273 | 108 | -1.54[17]
Turkmenistan | 6,117,933 | 13 | -1.71[5]
Uzbekistan | 34,915,100 | 78 | -1.78[6]

## Telecommunication[edit]

Country  | Internet TLD  | ISO 3166 code  | Calling code

|
|
|

Azerbaijan | .az | AZ | +994
Kazakhstan | .kz .қаз | KZ | +7-6xx, +7-7xx
+997 (future)[18]
Kyrgyzstan | .kg | KG | +996
Northern Cyprus[1] | None, uses .nc.tr or .ct.tr | None | +90 392
Turkey | .tr | TR | +90
Turkmenistan | .tm | TM | +993
Uzbekistan | .uz | UZ | +998

## See also[edit]

* Azerbaijan portal
* Turkey portal
* Turkmenistan portal
* Uzbekistan portal

* Comparison of the Baltic states
* Comparison of the Benelux countries
* Comparison of the Nordic countries

## References[edit]

^ 1: Only recognized by Turkey

1. ^ "Marine Regions (Azerbaijan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
2. ^ "Marine Regions (Kazakhstan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
3. ^ "Marine Regions (Turkey)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
4. ^ "Marine Regions (Turkmenistan)". www.marineregions.org. Retrieved 5 November 2022.
5. ^ a b "Central Asia :: Turkmenistan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
6. ^ a b "Central Asia :: Uzbekistan — The World Factbook - Central Intelligence Agency". www.cia.gov. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
7. ^ "STATEMENT OF THE SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE TURKIC COUNCIL ON THE MEMBERSHIP OF THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN AT THE TURKIC COUNCIL | News". Türk Keneşi. Retrieved 16 September 2019.
8. ^ "Countries - OECD Eurasia Regional Platform". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
9. ^ "Countries - OECD Eurasia Regional Platform". www.oecd.org. Retrieved 14 July 2019.
10. ^ Archived 2020-10-03 at the Wayback Machine, Freedom House, March 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
11. ^ Heritage Foundation (2021). "Country Rankings". 2021 Index of Economic Freedom. Archived from the original on 2017-09-16. Retrieved 2014-08-07.
12. ^ "Press Freedom Index 2022" Archived 2015-10-30 at the Wayback Machine, Reporters Without Borders, May 2022.
13. ^ [1] Archived 2021-03-03 at the Wayback Machine, Economist, January 2021. Retrieved 20 April 2021.
14. ^ "Azerbaijan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 17 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
15. ^ "Kazakhstan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 15 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
16. ^ "Kyrgyzstan". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 15 May 2022. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
17. ^ "Turkey". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 16 May 2022. Archived from the original on January 10, 2021. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
18. ^ "Turkic Weekly 2021/245" (PDF). TWESCO. Retrieved 27 September 2021.

* v
* t
* e

Turkic topics

Languages|

* Afshar
* Altai
* Northern
* Southern
* Äynu
* Azerbaijani
* Bashkir
* Bulgar
* Chagatai
* Chulym
* Chuvash
* Crimean Tatar
* Cuman
* Dolgan
* Fuyü Gïrgïs
* Gagauz
* Ili Turki
* Karachay-Balkar
* Karaim
* Karakalpak
* Karamanli Turkish
* Kazakh
* Khakas
* Khalaj
* Khazar
* Khorasani Turkic
* Kipchak
* Krymchak
* Kumyk
* Kipchak languages
* Kyrgyz
* Nogai
* Old Turkic
* Ottoman Turkish
* Pecheneg
* Qashqai
* Sakha/Yakut
* Salar
* Shor
* Siberian Tatar
* Tatar
* Tofa
* Turkish
* Turkmen
* Tuvan
* Urum
* Uyghur
* Uzbek
* Western Yugur

| Alphabets|

* Old Turkic
* Common Turkic
* Cyrillic
* Old Uyghur
* Persian

|

Peoples|

* Afshars
* Altaians
* Chelkans, Kumandins, Telengits, Teleuts, Tubalars
* Azerbaijanis
* in Iran, Armenia, Georgia1
* Balkars
* Bashkirs
* Chulyms
* Chuvash
* Crimean Karaites
* Crimean Tatars
* Dolgans
* Gagauz
* Karachays
* Karakalpaks
* Kazakhs
* in China1
* Khakas
* Khalaj
* Khorasani Turks
* Krymchaks
* Kyrgyz
* in China1
* Kumyks
* Naimans
* Nogais
* Qashqai
* Salar
* Shors
* Siberian Tatars
* Baraba Tatars
* Tatars
* Astrakhan, Chinese, Lipka, Kryashens, Mishar, Nağaybäk, Volga
* Tofalar
* Turkmens
* Afghan, Iranian1
* Turkish
* in Abkhazia, Algeria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Crete, Cyprus, Dodecanese, Egypt, Iraq, Israel, Kosovo, Lebanon, Libya, North Macedonia, Meskhetia (Ahiska), Montenegro, Romania, Serbia, Syria, Tunisia, Western Thrace, Yemen1
* Tuvans
* Uyghurs
* Uzbeks
* in Afghanistan1
* Yakuts (Sakha)
* Yugurs

| Extinct Turkic groups|

* Bulaqs
* Bulgars
* Cumans
* Dughlats
* Karluks
* Khazars
* Kimek
* Kipchaks
* Oghuz Turks
* Shatuo
* Türgesh
* Uzes

|

Politics|

* Grey Wolves
* Kemalism
* Burkhanism
* Jadid
* Pan-Turkism
* Turkesism
* Turanism (Hungarian)

Origins|

* Turkestan
* Mongolia
* History
* Timeline of the Göktürks
* Timeline 500–1300
* Migration
* Turkification
* Nomadic empire
* Turco-Mongol
* Tian Shan / Altai Mountains
* Otuken

Locations|

| Sovereign states (comparison)|

* Azerbaijan
* Kazakhstan
* Kyrgyzstan
* Northern Cyprus2
* Turkey
* Turkmenistan
* Uzbekistan

|

Autonomous areas|

* Altai Republic
* Bashkortostan
* Chuvashia
* Gagauzia
* Kabardino-Balkaria
* Karachay-Cherkessia
* Karakalpakstan
* Khakassia
* Nakhchivan
* Sakha
* Tatarstan
* Tuva
* Xinjiang

Studies|

* Old Turkic script
* Proto-Turkic language
* Turkology

Religions|

* Turkic mythology
* Tengrism
* Shamanism
* Aiyy Faith
* Tibetan Buddhism
* Islam
* Alevism
* Batiniyya
* Bayramiye
* Bektashi Order
* Burkhanism
* Christianity
* Hurufism
* Khalwati order
* Malamatiyya
* Qadiri
* Qalandariyya
* Rifaʽi*
* Safaviyya
* Zahediyeh
* Vattisen Yaly

Traditional sports|

* Kyz kuu
* Jereed
* Kokpar
* Jigit
* Chovgan

Organizations|

* Organization of Turkic States
* International Organization of Turkic Culture (TÜRKSOY)
* Parliamentary Assembly (TURKPA)
* Organization of the Eurasian Law Enforcement Agencies with Military Status (TAKM)
* World Turks Qurultai

1These are traditional areas of settlement; the Turkic group has been living in the listed country/region for centuries and should not be confused with modern diasporas.
2State with limited international recognition.
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