Concavus

Genus of barnacles

Concavus

Temporal range: Early Miocene–Early Pleistocene[1][2]

PreꞒ

Fossil of Concavus concavus
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Arthropoda
Class:  | Thecostraca
Subclass:  | Cirripedia
Order:  | Balanomorpha
Family:  | Balanidae
Subfamily:  | Concavinae
Genus:  | Concavus
Newman, 1982[3][4]
Type species
†Balanus concavus

Bronn, 1831[a]

Concavus is a genus of barnacles.[4]

## Species

[edit]

As of 2021[update], WoRMS recognizes the following two species:[4]

* †Concavus concavus (Bronn, 1831)[5][a] — Pliocene–early Pleistocene; Western Europe.[1]
* †Concavus crassostricola Zullo, 1984[6] — Early Miocene; North Carolina and northern Florida.[1]

## Taxonomic history

[edit]

The genus was circumscribed by William A. Newman in 1982. His original list of subgenera and species for the genus was the following:[3]

* Concavus Newman, 1982 genus
* Concavus Newman, 1982 subgenus
* †C. concavus (Bronn, 1831)
* Menesiniella Newman, 1982 subgenus
* C. (M.) aquila Pilsbry, 1916
* C. (M.) regalis Pilsbry, 1916
* Arossia Newman, 1982 subgenus
* C. (A.) panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
* C. (A.) p. panamensis (Rogers, 1948)
* C. (A.) p. eyerdami (Henry, 1960)
* C. (A.) henryae Newman, 1982

Newman noted there were multiple fossil taxa in this genus, but didn't classify any except for the type species †C. concavus.[3]

In 1992, Victor A. Zullo revised the genus. He created a new subfamily, Concavinae, with Tamiosoma Conrad, 1856 (the senior synonym of Menesiniella according to Zullo[b]), Arossia and Concavus among its genera. With his revision, Concavus only consists of the two species C. concavus and C. crassostricola.[1]

## Fossil records

[edit]

This genus is known in the fossil records from the Oligocene to the Quaternary (age range: from 28.4 to 0.012 million years ago). Fossils are found in the marine strata of United States, Italy, Mexico, Morocco, Algeria, France, Haiti, Madagascar, Panama, Colombia and Slovenia.[7]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b Urszula Radwańska and Andrzej Radwański argue this species's author citation should be Darwin, 1854.[2]
2. ^ As of 2017[update], WoRMS recognizes both Tamiosoma and Menesiniella as valid, distinct genera.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d Zullo, Victor A. (1992). "Revision of the Balanid Barnacle Genus Concavus Newman, 1982, with the Description of a New Subfamily, Two New Genera, and Eight New Species". Memoir (The Paleontological Society). 27: 1–46\. JSTOR 1315604.1-46&rft.date=1992&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1315604#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Zullo&rft.aufirst=Victor+A.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Concavus" class="Z3988">
2. ^ a b Radwańska, Urszula; Radwański, Andrzej (2008). "Eco-taphonomy of mass-aggregated giant balanids Concavus (Concavus) concavus (Darwin, 1854) from the Lower Pliocene (Zanclean) of Rafina near Pikermi (Attica, Greece)". Acta Geologica Polonica. 58 (1): 93–94.93-94&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Radwańska&rft.aufirst=Urszula&rft.au=Radwański,+Andrzej&rft_id=https://geojournals.pgi.gov.pl/agp/article/view/9970&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Concavus" class="Z3988">
3. ^ a b c Newman, William A. (1982). "A Review of Extant Taxa of the "Group of Balanus concavus" (Cirripedia, Thoracica) and a Proposal for Genus-Group Ranks". Crustaceana. 43 (1): 25–36\. doi:10.1163/156854082X00056. JSTOR 20103743.25-36&rft.date=1982&rft_id=info:doi/10.1163/156854082X00056&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/20103743#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Newman&rft.aufirst=William+A.&rft_id=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249580010&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Concavus" class="Z3988">
4. ^ a b c Chan, Benny K. K. (2021). "Concavus Newman, 1982". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 23 August 2021.
5. ^ Bronn, Heinr. G. (1831). Italiens Tertiär-Gebilde und deren organische Einschlüsse. Heidelberg: Karl Gross. p. 127.
6. ^ Zullo, Victor A. (1984). "New Genera and Species of Balanoid Barnacles from the Oligocene and Miocene of North Carolina". Journal of Paleontology. 58 (5): 1328–1330\. JSTOR 1304855.1328-1330&rft.date=1984&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/stable/1304855#id-name=JSTOR&rft.aulast=Zullo&rft.aufirst=Victor+A.&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Concavus" class="Z3988">
7. ^ Fossilworks

Taxon identifiers

Concavus|

* Wikidata: Q18595928
* Wikispecies: Concavus
* EoL: 4319253
* GBIF: 4805920
* iNaturalist: 330861
* IRMNG: 1439398
* Open Tree of Life: 2958776
* Paleobiology Database: 22140
* WoRMS: 534801

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