Concordia University Texas

Private university in Austin, Texas, U.S.

Concordia University Texas

Former names

* Lutheran Concordia College of Texas (1926–1955)
* Concordia Lutheran College (1955–1995)
* Concordia University at Austin (1995–2007)

Motto| "Developing Christian Leaders"
Type| Private university
Established| 1926; 98 years ago (1926)

Religious affiliation

| Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod

Academic affiliations

| NAICU[1]
Endowment| US$13.3 million[2]
President| Kristi Kirk
Students| 2,565
Undergraduates| 1,531
Postgraduates| 1,034
Location|

Austin, Texas

30°25′12″N 97°50′13″W﻿ / ﻿30.42000°N 97.83694°W﻿ / 30.42000; -97.83694
Campus| Suburban, 380 acres (150 ha)
Colors|  Purple and gold
Nickname| Tornados

Sporting affiliations

| NCAA Division III – ASC
Website| www.concordia.edu
Main entrance

Concordia University Texas is a private university in Austin, Texas. The university offers undergraduate, graduate, and online degrees as well as an adult degree program for part-time and returning students.

Concordia University Texas was affiliated with the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod (LCMS) and a member of the Concordia University System (CUS)—the six-member association of LCMS colleges and universities—until November 2022, after which it adopted a new governance structure independent from the LCMS and CUS. As a Lutheran university, Concordia's stated mission is to develop Christian leaders.[3]

## History

[edit]

Historic Kilian Hall

Concordia was founded in 1926 as Lutheran Concordia College of Texas, a four-year high school that prepared young men for careers in ministry and teaching. The school opened with 26 students on its original site along East Avenue (now Interstate 35) on the then northern outskirts of Austin, Texas. In 1929, a two-story classroom building, later called the Music Building, and still later known as College Central, was built.

Concordia was founded by members of Texas's Wendish immigrant community. The original main building, Kilian Hall, is named for John Kilian, founder of the first Texas Lutheran church associated with the LCMS and leader of a large group of Wends (also called Sorbs) who settled in the Serbin area. Today, between 10 and 15 percent of Concordia's faculty, staff and students are of Wendish heritage.

Throughout the 1940s and 1950s, many buildings were added to the campus, such as Hirschi Memorial Library in 1949 and Kramer Hall, the college's first fully air-conditioned classroom building, in 1950, but dedicated on February 25, 1951. Also in 1951, Concordia started using a two-year junior college curriculum.

Old photograph of Concordia faculty in front of Kilian Hall

Building developments on campus continued throughout the 1950s and 1960s. The campus built its chapel, named Birkmann Memorial Chapel, in 1952. Texas Hall, which housed dining services and faculty offices was dedicated in 1953. Studtmann Hall, an all-girl's dormitory opened in 1955. The first Beto Hall on the Concordia campus was built in 1969 and housed science labs. In the early 21st century, this building was converted into the school's mail services facility.

In 1955, Concordia admitted women as students for the first time and the institution changed its name to Concordia Lutheran College in 1965. In 1969, the four-year high school program was disbanded and Concordia's curriculum expanded to four years after receiving permission to award Bachelor of Arts degrees in 1980.

Concordia joined the Concordia University System (CUS) in 1993. The CUS represents the colleges and universities run by the LCMS. In 1995, the name of the institution was changed to Concordia University at Austin. The Accelerated Degree Program (ADP), with sites in Austin, Fort Worth, Houston, and San Antonio, within the College of Adult Education, was launched in 1995 to offer working adults the opportunity to earn a degree. Harms Hall, a dormitory, opened in January 2000, more than doubling campus resident capacity. The first graduate program was developed during this period.

In 2002, Thomas E. Cedel, a former fighter pilot and colonel in the United States Air Force was named president of the university.

In 2007, Concordia University at Austin changed its name to Concordia University Texas.

Relations between the University and the LCMS leadership declined throughout the 2010s and 2020s. While multiple issues were involved, loosely speaking the Board of Regents wanted to refocus around the more successful areas of the school, such as business, education, and nursing training. This would potentially mean making cuts to the religion program, which has seen far fewer students in preseminary education than in earlier decades. In November 2022, the Concordia University Texas Board of Regents voted "to adopt a structure whereby Concordia University Texas will be governed solely by its Board of Regents, rather than the historic governance directed by the bylaws of Synod."[4][5] This vote was accompanied by amending the institution's certificate of formation with the state of Texas, effectively reorganizing its board and removing any governance control by the LCMS. This change in governance was reaffirmed by the Board of Regents in April 2023.[6] In September 2023, the LCMS filed a complaint in federal court seeking to overturn this action.[7]

## New campus

[edit]

In 2005, the Board of Regents approved the relocation of the Concordia University Texas campus. Since its founding the school had occupied a 23-acre (9.3 ha) campus near downtown Austin. The new campus is located in northwest Austin on 384 acres (155 ha) of land. Construction began in the spring of 2007, and the new campus opened in September 2008, with its formal dedication on October 26, 2008.

The city of Austin allowed the demolition of the former campus.[8] A developer bought the space with plans to construct a mixed-use development; however, the developer filed for bankruptcy in 2011.[9][10]

The site for Concordia's new campus is the former Schlumberger Austin Systems Center. The site, formerly a research and development facility, had six buildings connected by covered walkways and encircled by a nature trail. The six buildings, named with the letters A–F, while extensively renovated, retain their basic design and features, including solid oak trim, large windows, sky lights, and atria.

Three new structures were built prior to occupation of the new campus: student housing, a fieldhouse, and a front entry/guard house. In addition to the new structures, 600 additional parking spaces and new roads were built to handle the increased campus traffic. In 2014, Concordia broke ground on a softball field that was completed in 2016.

The campus includes a 250-acre (100 ha) nature preserve that has springs, wetlands, caves, dense trees, and wildlife. A 10-A federal permit is required and only one other higher education institution carries one. The inclusion of the nature preserve allows Concordia to devote time to urban environmentalism in the Austin community. The Concordia University Nature Preserve is part of the Balcones Canyonlands Preserve, a system of preserves in western Travis County that provides habitat for a number of rare and endangered plant and animal species such the Golden-cheeked warbler and Black-capped vireo, two rare species of songbirds that breed in Central Texas.

In 2013, Thomas E. Cedel, announced his retirement from Concordia University Texas. In 2014, the former dean of the College of Business, Don Christian, was named chief executive officer.

## Academics

[edit]

Concordia University Texas has majors, minors, and programs of study within four colleges: Business & Communication, Nursing (accredited by the Texas Nursing Board and CCNE[11]), Education, and Arts & Sciences. Concordia is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges.[12]

## Campus life

[edit]

Some of the many clubs and organizations that students participate in are: Concordia University Texas Collegiate DECA, Concordia Outdoor Ministry, Service-Learning, Missions Club, Communication Club, Student Government & Leadership Association (SGLA), Concordia Youth Ministry Team (CYMT), Fellowship of Christian Athletes, Helping Hands, History Club, Preseminarians of CTX, Society for Human Resource Management, Psychology Book Club, Kinesiology Club, Financial Management Association, Education Club, Directors of Christian Education Club, Biology Club, Behavioral Sciences Club, Association for Computing Machinery, Academic Advising Consultants, Model Organization of American States (MOAS), Moot Court, and the Spirit Squad. The school newspaper, The Mullet, was first published in 2006, and in 2013 was renamed The Spin. The Spin is published once a month during the semester.

## Athletics

[edit]

The Concordia mascot is the Tornados and the school colors are purple and gold. Concordia's intercollegiate athletic teams participate in NCAA Division III's American Southwest Conference (ASC). Concordia adopted the Tornados mascot in 1995, the year the school renamed itself; its previous team names were the Outlaws (1926-1936), the Cardinals (1936-1951), and the Stags (1951-1995).[13] Prior to moving to NCAA Division III and joining the ASC, the Stags/Tornados were members of the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics Heart of Texas Conference from 1994 to 1999.[14]

The athletic programs at Concordia are baseball, softball, men's basketball, women's basketball, cross country, golf, men's soccer, women's soccer, track and field, volleyball, tennis and athletic training. There were four athletic facilities on the old campus (Fascholz-Keller Field (baseball), Bartholomew Park (softball), Pharr Tennis Center, Woltman Gymnasium) and one off-campus (St. Francis School (soccer)). Currently, men's and women's soccer play at Round Rock Multipurpose Complex.

In spring 2011, "Purple Out" events were started to encourage students, staff, and the community to support athletics. On designated "Purple Out" days, everyone is encouraged to wear purple and those attending a sporting event receive purple "Tornado Towels". In 2011–2012, Concordia Texas experienced its most successful year athletically. This was accomplished by winning ASC Championships in women's cross country, women's basketball, and men's baseball (second consecutive championship).

### Basketball

[edit]

In the 2011–2012 season, the Concordia University Texas' women's basketball team won the American Southwest Conference.

The Concordia Men's basketball team has been coached by Stanley Bonewitz Jr. since 2004. He is a former Texas Tech basketball standout. As a player, he was named Texas "Mr. Basketball" in 1995.[15]

### Baseball

[edit]

The Concordia men's baseball team is coached by Clint Mokry, who was hired in December 2022 following the death of former major leaguer Tommy Boggs.[16] Coach Boggs led the team to victory in 2011 as the ASC Conference Champions, and later to the NCAA championship tournament where they fell two games short of advancing to the College World Series. In 2012, the team recorded its best record ever and swept the ASC conference tournament to win the conference title outright for a second consecutive year. Prior to Boggs' tenure, Mike Gardner had been head coach since 1998. He retired at the end of the 2009 season as the winningest coach in school baseball history and led the team to its only appearance in the College World Series in 2002.[17] Tornado Field, home of the baseball team, debuted on the new campus in February 2011 and was dedicated in April 2011.

### Other sports

[edit]

Chris Randle became the first student athlete from Concordia to qualify for the NCAA track and field championship tournament. His 6-foot-7-inch (201 cm) high jump earned him a sixth-place finish in the tournament. Randle's participation marked the first time in school history that Concordia was represented at the NCAA Division III Championships in two sports during the same academic year, as the baseball team won the ASC title and won two games over nationally ranked opponents – Linfield and Redlands – at the West Regional.

In 2009, Concordia inducted its first Hall of Fame class, including the 2002 baseball team that played for the NCAA Division III College World Series and Atlanta Braves reliever Scott Linebrink.

In 2011, three more members were inducted: Kenneth DeBord 2002, basketball; Lisa Hintz 1988, volleyball and basketball: and Linda Lowery, who served stints as the athletic director, volleyball coach, and men's and women's golf coach from 1980 to 2008.

## Alumni

[edit]

* Kristi Kirk, academic administrator
* Scott Linebrink, baseball player
* Richard John Neuhaus, theologian and cultural commentator
* Randy Phillips, musician, of Phillips, Craig and Dean

## Gallery

[edit]

* Aerial view of Concordia University's new campus in Northwest Austin

* Wendish bell that used to sit in front of the chapel on Concordia's former campus

## References

[edit]

1. ^ NAICU – Member Directory Archived November 9, 2015, at the Wayback Machine
2. ^ Overview : Concordia University Texas
3. ^ "United Concordia Mission Move Analysis" (PDF). Concordia.edu. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 27, 2010.
4. ^ Christian, Don (November 8, 2022). "Memo, RE: Board of Regents Governance Conversation" (PDF).
5. ^ LCMS, The (November 11, 2022). "A joint statement from LCMS President Harrison and the Chairman of the LCMS Board of Directors about Concordia University Texas". Reporter. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
6. ^ LCMS, The (April 18, 2023). "LCMS statement on Concordia University Texas". Reporter. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
7. ^ LCMS, The (September 1, 2023). "Synod seeks reversal of CTX governance change". Reporter. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
8. ^ "Historic Landmark Commission Regular Meeting March 26, 2007 - 7:00 PM." City of Austin. Accessed September 28, 2008.
9. ^ Hu, Elise (April 25, 2008). "Concordia University makes way for new development". KVUE. Archived from the original on April 27, 2008. Retrieved October 3, 2008.
10. ^ "Developing Stories". austinchronicle.com.
11. ^ "Concordia University Texas Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing". Accelerated BSN. Retrieved March 20, 2018.
12. ^ "Member, Candidate and Applicant List" (PDF). Commission on Colleges - Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. April 2008. Archived from the original (PDF) on May 28, 2008. Retrieved May 4, 2009.
13. ^ "CTX 101: History of Concordia University Texas Mascots".
14. ^ "Heart of Texas Conference - NCAA History".
15. ^ "Concordia University Coaching Staff - Basketball". CTX.edu. Archived from the original on August 12, 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2008.
16. ^ "Concordia Texas Announces Clint Mokry as Head Baseball Coach". Concordia University Texas Athletics. December 2, 2022. Retrieved December 27, 2022.
17. ^ "Concordia University Coaching Staff - Baseball". CTX.edu. Archived from the original on August 12, 2007. Retrieved February 11, 2008.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Concordia University Texas.

* Official website
* Official athletics website

* v
* t
* e

Concordia University System

Current|

* Ann Arbor
* Chicago
* Irvine
* Nebraska
* Saint Paul
* Texas
* Wisconsin

Defunct|

* Alabama
* New York
* Oregon

* v
* t
* e

Colleges and Universities of the Lutheran Church–Missouri Synod

Concordia University System|

* Chicago (1864)
* Wisconsin (1881)
* Saint Paul (1893)
* Nebraska (1894)
* Texas (1926)
* Ann Arbor (1963)
* Irvine (1976)

Seminaries|

* St. Louis (1839)
* Ft. Wayne (1846)

Former colleges|

* Concordia Bronxville (NY) 1881–2021
* Concordia University Portland (OR) 1905–2020
* Concordia Selma (AL) 1922–2018†
* St. Paul's College (MO) 1883–1986
* St. John's College (KS) 1893–1986‡
* Concordia Senior College (IN) 1957–1977
* Concordia Oakland (CA) 1906–1973
* Immanuel Lutheran College & Seminary (Greensboro, NC) 1903–1961†
* Concordia Jr. College Ft. Wayne (IN) 1839–1957
* Concordia College (Conover, NC) 1878–1935‡
* Luther College (New Orleans, LA) 1903–1925†
* Concordia College (New Orleans, LA) 1904-1917

Institutions Donated to the LCC (LCMS Founded)|

* Concordia Alberta (1921)#
* Edmonton Seminary (1984)
* Ontario Seminary (1976)

Hispanophone/Lusophone Institutions (Founded)|

* Lutheran University of Brazil
* Seminario Concorida (Buenos Aires, Argentina)
* Seminario Concordia El Reformador (Dominican Republic)

†Founded by the Synodical Conference

‡Formerly under the English Synod

#Since secularized

* v
* t
* e

Private colleges and universities in Texas

* Abilene Christian University
* Amberton University
* Arlington Baptist University
* Austin College
* Baylor University
* Fisher More College
* Concordia University Texas
* Dallas Baptist University
* Dallas Christian College
* Dallas Theological Seminary
* Dallas International University
* East Texas Baptist University
* Hardin-Simmons University
* Houston Christian University
* Howard Payne University
* Huston–Tillotson University
* Jarvis Christian University
* The King's University
* LeTourneau University
* Lubbock Christian University
* McMurry University
* Nelson University
* North American University
* Northwood University
* Our Lady of the Lake University
* Paul Quinn College
* Rice University
* St. Edward's University
* St. Mary's University
* Schreiner University
* Southern Methodist University
* Southwestern Adventist University
* Southwestern Christian College
* Southwestern University
* Texas Christian University
* Texas College
* Texas Lutheran University
* Texas Wesleyan University
* Trinity University
* University of Dallas
* University of Mary Hardin–Baylor
* University of St. Thomas
* University of the Incarnate Word
* Wayland Baptist University
* Wiley University

* Private junior colleges: Bay Ridge Christian College
* Jacksonville College

* v
* t
* e

American Southwest Conference

Full members|

* East Texas Baptist
* LeTourneau (departing 2025)
* Hardin–Simmons
* Howard Payne
* Mary Hardin–Baylor
* UT Dallas (departing 2025)

* v
* t
* e

Austin, Texas

Slogan: Live Music Capital of the World

Attractions|

* Austin Zoo
* Circuit of the Americas
* Darrell K Royal–Texas Memorial Stadium
* Dell Diamond
* Driskill Hotel
* Frank Erwin Center
* NLand
* State Capitol
* Texas Governor's Mansion
* Treaty Oak
* UFCU Disch-Falk Field
* University of Texas Tower
* Zach Theatre

History|

* 1839 city plan
* 1928 city plan
* Austin Dam failure
* Capitol View Corridors
* COVID-19 pandemic
* French Legation
* Greater Austin
* Stephen F. Austin
* Texas Archive War
* Timeline
* Treaty Oak
* Waterloo, Texas

Education|

| Tertiary|

* Austin Community College
* Concordia University Texas
* Huston–Tillotson University
* St. Edward's University
* University of Texas

|

School districts|

* Austin ISD
* template
* Del Valle ISD
* Eanes ISD
* Hays CISD
* Leander ISD
* Lake Travis ISD
* Manor ISD
* Pflugerville ISD

State schools|

* Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired
* Texas School for the Deaf

| Closed|

* Texas Blind, Deaf, and Orphan School

|

Libraries|

* Austin Public Library
* Lorenzo de Zavala State Archives and Library Building

Government|

* City Hall
* Camp Mabry
* City Council (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9,10)
* Fire
* Health
* Police

Industry|

| General|

* Amy's Ice Creams
* Golfsmith
* Keller Williams Realty
* Schlotzsky's
* Torchy's Tacos
* Whole Foods Market

|

Creative arts|

* Alamo Drafthouse Cinema/Drafthouse Films
* Austin Film Society
* Collings Guitars
* Devolver Digital
* Gunfire Games
* Inner Sanctum Records
* Powerhouse Animation Studios
* Retro Studios
* Rooster Teeth
* Troublemaker Studios
* Waterloo Records
* Western Vinyl

Technology|

* Advanced Technology Development Facility (ATDF)
* Cirrus Logic
* Dell
* Freescale Semiconductor
* Luminex Corporation
* MCC
* National Instruments
* Silicon Labs
* Valence Technology

Museums|

* Austin History Center
* Austin Museum of Digital Art
* Blanton Museum of Art
* Bullock Texas State History Museum
* The Contemporary Austin
* The Contemporary Austin - Laguna Gloria
* The Contemporary Austin – Jones Center on Congress Avenue
* Dolph Briscoe Center for American History
* Elisabet Ney Museum
* French Legation Museum
* George Washington Carver Museum and Cultural Center
* Harry Ransom Humanities Research Center
* Jacob Fontaine Religious Museum
* Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center
* Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
* Mexic-Arte Museum
* Neill-Cochran House Museum
* O. Henry Museum
* South Austin Museum of Popular Culture
* Texas Memorial Museum
* Texas Military Forces Museum
* Texas State Capitol Visitors Center
* Umlauf Sculpture Garden and Museum
* Women and Their Work

Music|

* Antone's
* Armadillo World Headquarters
* Austin City Limits
* Austin Opera
* Austin Symphony Orchestra
* Cinematic Symphony
* Emo's
* Germania Insurance Amphitheater
* SXSW

Neighborhoods|

* Allandale
* Anderson Mill
* Barton Hills
* Blackland
* Bouldin Creek
* Bremond Block Historic District
* Brentwood
* Bryker Woods
* Canyon Creek
* Chinatown
* Circle C Ranch
* Clarksville
* Congress Avenue
* Copperfield
* Crestview
* Dawson
* Dove Springs
* Downtown Austin
* The Drag
* East Cesar Chavez
* East Riverside-Oltorf
* Easton Park
* French Place
* Galindo
* Granada Hills
* Hancock
* Hyde Park Historic District
* Jollyville
* Montopolis
* Moore's Crossing Historic District
* Mueller Community
* North Burnet–Gateway
* North Shoal Creek
* Northwest Hills
* Oak Hill
* Old West Austin
* Onion Creek
* Pemberton Heights
* Rainey Street
* Rosedale
* Saint John
* Scenic Brook
* Shadow Lawn Historic District
* Sixth Street
* South Congress
* South Lamar
* South River City
* Spyglass-Barton's Bluff
* Swedish Hill
* Tarrytown
* Travis Heights
* Waters Park
* West Campus
* Westgate
* West Line
* Willow-Spence Streets
* Windsor Hills
* Windsor Park
* Wooten
* Zilker

Parks and
recreation|

* Auditorium Shores
* Barton Creek
* Barton Springs
* Big Walnut Creek
* Bull Creek
* Colorado River
* Deep Eddy Pool
* Emma Long
* Hippie Hollow
* Lady Bird Lake
* Lake Austin
* Lake Travis
* Lake Walter E. Long
* McKinney Falls
* Mount Bonnell
* Pease Park
* Republic Square
* Rosewood Park
* Walnut Creek Park
* Wild Basin
* Zilker Park

Transportation|

| Public|

* Austin–Bergstrom International Airport
* CapMetro
* CapMetro Bus
* CapMetro Rail
* CapMetro Rapid
* Capital Area Rural Transportation System

|

Freeways|

* MoPac Expressway
* Interstate 35
* Pickle Parkway
* SH 71
* US 290
* US 183

Streets|

* Congress Avenue
* Guadalupe Street
* Sixth Street

Bridges|

* Ann W. Richards Congress Avenue Bridge
* Lamar Boulevard Bridge
* Larry Monroe Forever Bridge
* Montopolis Bridge
* Pennybacker Bridge
* Pfluger Pedestrian Bridge
* West Fifth Street Bridge
* West Sixth Street Bridge

Culture|

* Chili's at 45th and Lamar
* Keep Austin Weird
* Leslie Cochran
* Occupy Austin
* Spamarama
* Weird City

Sports|

* Austin Aztex FC
* Austin Bold FC
* Austin FC
* Austin FC II
* Austin Gilgronis
* Austin Huns
* Austin Lightning
* Austin Lady Lone Stars
* Austin Lone Stars
* Austin Outlaws
* Austin Rise FC
* Austin Spurs
* Austin Thunder
* Austin United FC
* FC Austin Elite
* Round Rock Express
* Texas Stars

* v
* t
* e

Education in Travis County, Texas

Public high schools

Austin ISD|

* See template

Del Valle ISD|

* Del Valle High

Eanes ISD|

* Westlake

Lago Vista ISD|

* Lago Vista High

Lake Travis ISD|

* Lake Travis High

Leander ISD|

* Vandegrift
* Other schools are in Williamson County

Manor ISD|

* Manor

Pflugerville ISD|

* Connally
* Hendrickson
* Pflugerville
* Weiss

Round Rock ISD|

* McNeil (campus partially in Travis County)
* Other schools are in entirely Williamson County

State-controlled|

* Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired
* Texas School for the Deaf

| Closed|

* Texas Blind, Deaf, and Orphan School

|

Independent schools

Secular
schools|

* Headwaters School (formerly Khabele School)

| Closed|

* Sri Atmananda Memorial

|

Religious private
high schools|

* Austin Peace Academy
* Concordia Academy
* Hyde Park Schools
* Regents School of Austin
* San Juan Diego Catholic High
* St. Andrew's Episcopal School
* St. Michael's Catholic Academy
* St. Stephen's Episcopal
* Summit Christian Academy (part)

Tertiary

Community colleges|

* Austin Community College District (for most of Travis County)
* Central Texas College (for areas in Marble Falls ISD)

4-year|

* University of Texas at Austin
* template
* St. Edward's University
* Concordia University Texas
* Huston–Tillotson University

Libraries

Public libraries|

* Austin Public Library

Some districts may extend beyond the boundaries of Travis County
Elgin ISD, Hays CISD, Hutto ISD, Johnson City ISD, and Marble Falls ISD serve sections of the county but do not operate high schools there.

* v
* t
* e

Tertiary education in Greater Austin

Universities

Public|

* University of Texas at Austin
* Template
* Texas State University
* Template

Private|

* Concordia University Texas
* Huston–Tillotson University
* St. Edward's University
* Southwestern University

Community colleges

Public|

* Austin Community College District (most areas)
* Central Texas College (for Marble Falls ISD and Florence ISD)
* Temple Junior College District (for Granger, Hutto, Taylor, and Thrall ISDs)
* Blinn Junior College District (for Lexington ISD)

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF

National|

* United States

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template