Conservative Party (United States)

Parties that support conservatism in US

This article is part of a series on

Conservatism
in the United States

Schools

* Compassionate
* Fiscal
* Fusion
* Liberal
* Classical
* Libertarian
* Moderate
* Movement
* Nationalist
* Christian
* Neo-
* Paleo-
* Postliberal
* Populist
* Progressive
* Social
* Straussian
* Traditionalist
* Ultra-

Principles

* American exceptionalism
* Anti-communism
* Christian Zionism
* Communitarianism
* Constitutionalism
* Familialism
* Family values
* Federalism
* States' rights
* Subsidiarity
* Gender essentialism
* Judeo-Christian values
* Individualism
* Law and order
* Limited government
* Meritocracy
* Natural aristocracy
* Militarism
* Peace through strength
* Moral absolutism
* Natalism
* Pro-life
* Natural law
* Ordered liberty
* Patriotism
* Property rights
* Republicanism
* Right to bear arms
* Rule of law
* Supply-side economics
* Tradition

History

* Loyalists
* Federalist Era
* Southern chivalry
* Redeemers
* Boston Brahmins
* Solid South
* New Humanism
* Dunning School
* Southern Agrarians
* Old Right
* Conservative Manifesto
* Conservative coalition
* America First Committee
* McCarthyism
* Goldwater campaign
* New Right
* Reagan era
* Reagan Doctrine
* Reaganomics
* Republican Revolution
* W. Bush presidency
* Tea Party movement
* Neo- vs. paleoconservatism
* Trump era
* First term
* Second term
* Agenda 47

Intellectuals

* Adams
* Anton
* Babbitt
* Bacevich
* Bell
* Bellow
* Bloom
* Boorstin
* Bradford
* Buckley
* Burgess
* Burnham
* Calhoun
* Chambers
* Conquest
* Deneen
* Eliot
* Francis
* Genovese
* Gottfried
* Hanson
* Hardin
* Hazony
* Himmelfarb
* Hoppe
* Hurston
* Jaffa
* Kimball
* Kirk
* Kirkpatrick
* Kreeft
* Kristol
* Kuehnelt-Leddihn
* Lind
* Lovecraft
* Loury
* Lukacs
* Mansfield
* Mencken
* Meyer
* Molnar
* Murray
* Nisbet
* Pangle
* Ransom
* Reno
* Rieff
* Santayana
* Schaeffer
* Sowell
* Strauss
* Vermeule
* Viereck
* Voegelin
* Wattenberg
* Weaver
* Wolfe

Politicians

* Abbott
* Adams (John)
* Adams (John Quincy)
* Bolton
* Buchanan
* Bush (George H. W.)
* Bush (George W.)
* Calhoun
* Clay
* Cheney
* Cleveland
* Coolidge
* Cruz
* DeSantis
* Dirksen
* Dole
* Eisenhower
* Gingrich
* Goldwater
* Harding
* Hamilton
* Helms
* Hoover (Herbert)
* Huckabee
* Johnson
* Kissinger
* Lodge
* Luce
* Madison
* McCain
* McCarthy (Joseph)
* McCarthy (Kevin)
* McConnell
* McKinley
* Meese
* Nixon
* Palin
* Paul (Rand)
* Paul (Ron)
* Pence
* Pierce
* Randolph
* Reagan
* Romney
* Rubio
* Rumsfeld
* Ryan
* Sherman
* Taft (Robert)
* Taft (William)
* Thurmond
* Trump
* Vance
* Wallace
* Wolfowitz

Jurists

* Alito
* Barrett
* Bork
* Burger
* Colson
* Frelinghuysen
* George
* Goldsmith
* Gorsuch
* Harlan II
* Kavanaugh
* Kennedy
* Luttig
* O'Connor
* Parker
* Rehnquist
* Roberts (John)
* Sanford
* Scalia
* Sessions
* Sutherland
* Taft (William)
* Thomas (Clarence)
* Whittaker

Commentators

* Beck
* Bongino
* Breitbart
* Buchanan (Pat)
* Buckley
* Caldwell
* Carlson
* Cass
* Chodorov
* Coulter
* D'Souza
* Derbyshire
* Dreher
* Elder
* Goldberg
* Grant
* Griffin
* Van den Haag
* Hannity
* Hart
* Herberg
* Hoover (Margaret)
* Ingraham
* Jones
* Kelly
* Knowles
* Krauthammer
* Lahren
* Levin
* Limbaugh
* Mac Donald
* Neuhaus
* Ngo
* North
* Novak
* O'Reilly
* Owens
* Podhoretz
* Pool
* Portnoy
* Possony
* Prager
* Robertson
* Shapiro
* Shlaes
* Sullivan
* Walsh
* Watters
* Weyl
* Will
* Wintrich
* Woods

Activists

* Abramoff
* Agostinelli
* Andreessen
* Atwater
* Bannon
* Bennett
* Bezmenov
* Bozell
* Cohn
* Dans
* Dobson
* Drudge
* Falwell
* Feulner
* Flynn
* Gabriel
* Hegseth
* Horowitz
* Kirk
* Krikorian
* Kristol
* LaHaye
* Lindell
* Lindbergh
* Leo
* McEntee
* Mercer (Rebekah)
* Mercer (Robert)
* Miller
* Murdoch
* Musk
* political views
* O'Keefe
* Park
* Phillips
* Posobiec
* Powell
* Raichik
* Reed
* Regnery
* Roberts (Kevin)
* Rove
* Rufo
* Scaife
* Schlafly (Andrew)
* Schlafly (Phyllis)
* Stone
* Thiel
* Thomas (Ginni)
* Weyrich
* Wiles
* Wood

Literature

* The Federalist Papers (1788)
* Democracy in America (1835–1840)
* Notes on Democracy (1926)
* I'll Take My Stand (1930)
* Our Enemy, the State (1935)
* The Managerial Revolution (1941)
* Ideas Have Consequences (1948)
* God and Man at Yale (1951)
* The Conservative Mind (1953)
* The Conscience of a Conservative (1960)
* A Choice Not an Echo (1964)
* A Conflict of Visions (1987)
* The Closing of the American Mind (1987)
* The Death of the West (2001)
* Hillbilly Elegy (2016)
* The Benedict Option (2017)
* Why Liberalism Failed (2018)
* The Age of Entitlement (2020)

Parties

Active

* American Party
* American Independent Party
* Conservative Party
* NY state
* Constitution Party
* Republican Party

Defunct

* Anti-Masonic Party
* Constitutional Union Party
* Democratic Party (historically, factions)
* Boll weevils
* Bourbon Democrats
* Conservative Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Reagan Democrats
* Southern Democrats
* Rhode Island Suffrage Party
* Federalist Party
* National Republican Party
* Native American Party
* Whig Party

Think tanks

* Acton Institute
* AdTI
* AEI
* AFP
* CSP
* CfNI
* Claremont Institute
* CEI
* CSPC
* EPPC
* FRI
* Gatestone Institute
* Heartland Institute
* The Heritage Foundation
* Heritage Action
* Mandate for Leadership
* Project Esther
* Project 2025
* Hoover Institution
* Hudson Institute
* ISI
* James Madison Program
* Leadership Institute
* Manhattan Institute
* Mises Institute
* PRI
* PNAC (Defunct)
* Ripon Society
* R Street Institute
* Rockford Institute
* SPN
* Sutherland Institute
* Tax Foundation
* Witherspoon Institute

Media

Newspapers

* Chicago Tribune
* The Epoch Times
* New Hampshire Union Leader
* The Jewish Voice
* The New York Observer
* New York Post
* The Remnant
* The Wall Street Journal (editorial board)
* The Washington Times

Journals

* American Affairs
* The American Conservative
* The American Spectator
* American Thinker
* City Journal
* Claremont Review of Books
* Commentary
* Compact
* Chronicles
* The Dispatch
* First Things
* The Imaginative Conservative
* Jewish World Review
* Modern Age
* National Affairs
* The National Interest
* National Review
* The New American
* The New Atlantis
* The New Criterion
* Policy Review (defunct)
* Public Discourse
* Southern Partisan
* Spectator USA
* Tablet
* Taki's Magazine
* Telos
* Washington Examiner
* The Weekly Standard (defunct)

TV channels

* CBN
* Fox Business
* Fox News
* Newsmax TV
* One America News Network
* Real America's Voice
* VOZ

Websites

* 1819 News
* Babylon Bee
* Breitbart News
* The Bulwark
* Campus Reform
* The Center Square
* Conservative Review
* Daily Caller
* Daily Signal
* Daily Wire
* Discover the Networks
* The Federalist
* FrontPage Magazine
* Front Porch Republic
* Gateway Pundit
* Hot Air
* Human Events
* Independent Journal Review
* InfoWars
* Jihad Watch
* LifeZette
* NewsBusters
* PJ Media
* Rare
* RedState
* The Dispatch
* Townhall
* Twitchy
* Washington Examiner
* The Washington Free Beacon
* The Western Journal
* WorldNetDaily

Other

* Blaze Media
* Encounter Books
* Evie Magazine
* The First
* Imprimis
* The Political Cesspool
* Passage Publishing
* PragerU
* RealClearPolitics
* Red Scare
* Regnery Publishing
* RSBN
* The Rubin Report
* Sinclair Broadcast Group

Other organizations

Congressional caucuses

* Second Amendment Caucus
* RSC
* Liberty Caucus
* Freedom Caucus
* Republican Main Street Partnership
* Republican Governance Group
* Blue Dog Coalition

Economics

* ATR
* Club for Growth
* FreedomWorks (defunct)
* NFIB
* NTU
* Tea Party Patriots
* USCC

Gun rights

* GOA
* NAGR
* NRA

Identity politics

* ACT!
* CWA
* Council of Conservative Citizens
* GAG
* IWF
* LCR
* Moms for Liberty

Nativist

* CIS
* FAIR
* Immigration Restriction League
* NumbersUSA
* Patriot Prayer
* Proud Boys
* Oath Keepers
* Three Percenters

Religion

* ADF
* Court cases
* ACLJ
* AFA
* The American TFP
* Chalcedon Foundation
* CCA
* Christian Voice
* Eagle Forum
* FCR
* The Fellowship
* FFC
* Focus on the Family
* Foundation for Moral Law
* Liberty Counsel
* Moral Majority (defunct)
* NOM
* NRLC
* PTMC
* Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America
* Thomas More Law Center

Watchdog groups

* AIM
* Econ Journal Watch
* Franklin News Foundation
* JW
* MRC
* O'Keefe Media Group
* Project Veritas

Youth/student groups

* NJC
* TPUSA
* Young Americans for Freedom
* Young America's Foundation
* YAL

Social media

* Gab
* Gettr
* Parler
* The Right Stuff

Miscellaneous

* The 85 Fund
* AHI
* ACU
* AFPAC
* Bradley Foundation
* TCC
* CNP
* CPAC
* Hillsdale College
* IFF
* JBS
* John M. Olin Foundation (defunct)
* Liberty Fund
* LU
* NAS
* Philadelphia Society
* Regent University
* Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal
* TPPF

Other

* AFL
* Atlas Network
* CN
* ConservAmerica
* Donors Trust
* FedSoc
* NCPAC
* PJI
* Turning Point Action
* SACR
* YRNF
* Ziklag

Movements

* Asian and Pacific Islander
* Black
* Christian right
* Reconstructionism
* Classical education movement
* Paideia
* Dark Enlightenment
* Election denial movement
* 2020 election disputes
* Female
* Green
* Hispanic and Latino
* LGBTQ
* Libertarian republicans
* Militia movement
* Monarchism
* Mormon
* White Horse Prophecy
* Theodemocracy
* New Apostolic Reformation
* Parental rights movement
* Fathers' rights
* Patriot movement
* Christian
* Radical right
* Reactionary feminism
* Right-libertarianism
* Paleolibertarianism
* Secessionism
* Neo-Confederates
* in Texas
* Trumpism
* Never Trump

Related

* Barstool conservatism
* Bibliography of US conservatism
* Conservative talk radio
* GOP factions
* List of American conservatives
* NatCon
* Timeline of modern American conservatism

* Conservatism portal
* United States portal

* v
* t
* e

In the United States, the Conservative Party refers to a collection of state-level parties that operate independently and advocate for conservative principles. Currently, there is no national Conservative Party.[1] Historically, many of these parties emerged from divisions within the Democratic and Republican parties, supporting a variety of conservative ideologies, including fiscal conservatism, social conservatism, states' rights, and nationalism.

Although there has not been a national Conservative Party, the Republican Party currently follows the conservative ideology, with third parties Constitution Party and American Independent Party following the Paleoconservatism ideology. In the late 1960s, the American Independent Party was rebranded as the American Conservative Party in some states. A separate American Conservative Party was later established in 2008 but was decommissioned in 2016. Meanwhile, the Conservative Party USA was organized on January 6, 2009, as a 527 organization aimed at building and managing state party affiliates under the national Conservative Party USA banner.[citation needed]

## 19th century

[edit]

### Connecticut

[edit]

In the 1838 and 1839 Connecticut gubernatorial elections, Elisha Phelps, a former Speaker of the Connecticut House of Representatives, ran as the Conservative Party candidate. He received 2.96% of the popular vote in 1838 and 2.09% in 1839. In the 1842, Luther Loomis ran as the Conservative Party candidate, garnering 1.20% of the popular vote.[citation needed]

### Virginia

[edit]

Main article: Conservative Party (Virginia, 1867)

In the late 19th century, a new Conservative Party of Virginia formed to oppose Reconstruction, uniting former Democrats, Whigs, and moderate Republicans. Led by Alexander H. H. Stuart and Raleigh T. Daniel, the party won majorities in the Virginia General Assembly in 1869. Though divided on black suffrage, the party supported economic reforms and established a segregated public school system. However, internal divisions over state debt repayment led to the formation of the Readjuster Party, which ultimately defeated the Conservatives. By 1883, most members of the Conservative Party merged with the Democratic Party.[citation needed]

In the Reconstruction era after the Civil War, former Whigs in several Southern states formed parties with the "Conservative" or "Democratic-Conservative" name. Eventually they all merged into the Democratic Party.[2][3]

### South Carolina

[edit]

James Chesnut Jr. established the Conservative Party of South Carolina in 1874.

In 1874, the Conservative Party of South Carolina was established by James Chesnut Jr. to mobilize white voters, as the South Carolina Democratic Party was inactive statewide. A convention of the State Tax Union was convened in Columbia on September 10 to prepare for the upcoming election and address President Ulysses S. Grant's comments on the Ku Klux Klan. Another convention on October 8 endorsed the Independent Republican ticket with a platform focused on honesty in government.[4]

Although the Independent Republican candidates were defeated in the general election, the Conservatives reduced Republican majorities in the legislature and saw some local success through collaboration with Independent Republicans. This cooperation enabled the election of Edmund W. M. Mackey to Congress from for the 2nd district.[5] Despite these limited gains, the failure of the Conservative Party in 1874 pushed the Democrats to reorganize, leading to their resurgence in the 1876 elections, which ultimately marked the end of the Conservative Party in South Carolina.

### North Carolina

[edit]

After the collapse of the Whigs and then of the Know-Nothings, and the disruptions to politics caused by the start of the Civil War, some former Whigs and some former Unionist Democrats in North Carolina formed a loose coalition called the Conservative Party. The name continued to be used after the war for a coalition of those who opposed the Reconstruction policies of the Republican-led U.S. Congress. In 1876, the party re-branded itself as the Democratic Party.[6] Both during the Civil War and afterwards, the leading public figure in the Conservative Party was Governor Zebulon B. Vance.[7]

## 20th–21st centuries

[edit]

### Delaware

[edit]

In 2009, a Conservative Party of Delaware had a website with a mailing address in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. It was affiliated with the Conservative Party USA and had no formal leadership. In 2024, the party achieved official recognition after Delaware residents registered as Conservative and met the state’s qualification threshold. Libertarian activist Will McVay, formerly of the Libertarian Party of Delaware, took the opportunity to reorganize the party. In the same year, the party nominated perennial candidate Vermin Supreme and comedian Jonathan Realz for President and Vice President of the United States, while endorsing Jon Roe for the 2024 Delaware Senate election.[8][9]

### Illinois

[edit]

In 2018, Illinois State Senator Sam McCann left the Republican Party to establish the Conservative Party of Illinois for his gubernatorial campaign.[10] Positioning himself as an "independent conservative," he explained that his candidacy aimed to prevent "two billionaires from Chicago" (Bruce Rauner and J. B. Pritzker) from dominating the general election.[11] McCann secured his spot on the ballot by gathering 65,000 signatures but ultimately finished third in the general election, receiving 4.23% of the popular vote.[12][13]

### New Jersey

[edit]

Main article: New Jersey Conservative Party

In 1963, several candidates ran as Conservatives for the New Jersey Assembly in Essex and Bergen counties, reflecting a nationwide split within the Republican Party. This divide saw northeastern states, including New Jersey, dominated by the party's liberal faction. These Conservative candidates opposed the social liberal policies of the Dwight D. Eisenhower administration, advocating instead for the emerging socially conservative views championed by U.S. Senator Barry Goldwater. The split subsided after Goldwater secured the Republican nomination during the 1964 National Convention.

In 1992, a separate New Jersey Conservative Party was founded by Tom Blomquist, who had previously run in the 1989 gubernatorial election. Blomquist ran as a Conservative in the 1993 gubernatorial race, earning 0.21% of the vote.[14][15] The party gained the endorsement of United We Stand America in 1995 and fielded approximately 60 candidates for the New Jersey General Assembly, as well as candidates in all districts for the 1998 U.S. House of Representatives elections.[16][17] In 2001, it was involved in a lawsuit advocating for New Jersey voters to have the right to join third parties. Following the election of Donald Trump in 2016, third-party registrations surged across New Jersey, with the Conservative Party becoming the state's fourth-largest political party by 2018.[18]

### New York

[edit]

Donald Trump accepting the Conservative Party's nomination for President in 2016.

Main article: Conservative Party of New York State

In 1962, the Conservative Party of New York State was established in response to dissatisfaction with the perceived liberalism of New York's Republican Party. Using New York's fusion voting system, which allows candidates to appear on multiple party lines in the same election, the party sought to counterbalance the influence of the Liberal Party of New York.[19] While it often endorses Republican candidates, the party has withheld support from Republicans it considers too liberal.

In 1965, conservative author and commentator William F. Buckley Jr. ran for Mayor of New York City, securing 13.4% of the vote.[20] The following year, academic Paul L. Adams ran for Governor of New York, earning 8.5% of the vote.[21] In 1968, William F. Buckley Jr.'s brother, James L. Buckley, ran for U.S. Senate, garnering 17.31% of the vote.[22] James would later win a seat in the U.S. Senate in 1970, gaining a 38.75% plurality as the Conservative Party candidate.[23] In 1978, William Carney was elected as a Conservative to the U.S. House of Representatives.[24]

The party been described by The New York Times as having "a successful electoral record in a decidedly blue state in which the Conservatives have elbowed the Republican Party to the right."[25] As of 2018, the party holds Row C on New York ballots due to receiving the third-highest number of votes among political parties in multiple gubernatorial elections.

### Virginia

[edit]

In 1965, a new Conservative Party of Virginia was formed in response to Mills Godwin's nomination as the Democratic candidate for governor, which the party opposed due to his outreach to African-American voters.[26] Around 300 delegates gathered in Richmond, Virginia, to officially establish the party. They nominated William J. Story Jr., the assistant superintendent of schools from Chesapeake, for governor, Reid T. Putney, a forestry consultant from Goochland, for lieutenant governor, and John W. Carter for attorney general.[27][28] In 1969, the party nominated Beverly McDowell for governor, but he placed fourth in the election, receiving 1.16% of the popular vote.[29]

### Washington

[edit]

In 1966, Floyd Paxton and other ultra-conservatives founded the Conservative Party of Washington, nominating two candidates for the U.S. House of Representatives and seven for the Washington State Legislature.[30][31] The party attracted disaffected Republicans critical of Governor Daniel J. Evans and his allies.[32] Though some party leaders supported George Wallace’s 1968 presidential bid, they ultimately ran under the American Independent Party instead of the Conservative Party.[33][34] In 1968, the party fielded candidates for state offices and Congress under the Constitution Party label, but neither label appeared in the 1970 election.[citation needed]

## See also

[edit]

* Conservative Party (disambiguation)
* Conservatism in the United States
* Republican Party
* National Conservative Political Action Committee
* American Conservative Union

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Mark J. Rozell; Ted G. Jelen (2015). American Political Culture: An Encyclopedia vol 3. ABC-CLIO. pp. 207–9\. ISBN 978-1-61069-378-3.
2. ^ Michael Perman (2004). The Road to Redemption: Southern Politics, 1869-1879. U of North Carolina Press. pp. 151–53.
3. ^ Sheldon Hackney (2005). Magnolias Without Moonlight: The American South From Regional Confederacy To National Integration. Transaction. p. 30.
4. ^ Reynolds 1969, pp. 281.
5. ^ Reynolds 1969, pp. 283–285.
6. ^ NCpedia: Conservative Party
7. ^ McKinney, Gordon. Zeb Vance: North Carolina's Civil War Governor and Gilded Age Political Leader. University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
8. ^ Winger, Richard (2024-09-17). "Former Delaware Libertarian Activist Activates Delaware Conservative Party". Ballot Access News. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
9. ^ Evans, Jordan Willow (2024-08-14). "Vermin Supreme Qualifies for Delaware State Ballot via Conservative Party Nomination". Independent Political Report.
10. ^ Schutz, Paris (April 19, 2018). "Third Candidate Enters Race for Illinois Governor". WTTW.
11. ^ Otwell, Rachel (October 4, 2018). "A Conversation With Sam McCann - Conservative Party Nominee For Illinois Gov". NPR.
12. ^ Garcia, Monique (May 15, 2019). "Third-party governor candidate McCann will get to stay on November ballot". Chicago Tribune.
13. ^ Bremer, Shelby (October 30, 2018). "Pritzker Wins Race for Illinois Governor, Ousting Rauner: NBC News". NBC 5 Chicago.
14. ^ McLarin, Kimberly J. (2 November 1993). "The 1993 CAMPAIGN: The Long Shots; Candidates Who March To Different Drummers". The New York Times. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
15. ^ Peterson, Iver (8 October 1992). "Big 'C' Conservative Makes Big Plans for New Jersey". The New York Times.
16. ^ Peterson, Iver (29 October 1995). "Perot Commands Enthusiasm For New Jersey Conservatives". The New York Times.
17. ^ "Political Diversity: Third party in N.J. would enlarge the ring". Asbury Park Press. 27 April 1995. p. 17. Retrieved 16 April 2019 – via Newspapers.com.
18. ^ Wildstein, David (9 July 2018). "Independent parties double registration since Trump election". New Jersey Globe. Retrieved 13 September 2023.
19. ^ Perez-Pena, Richard (1999-12-13). "Despite Size, Conservative Party Is a Force to Reckon With". The New York Times. Retrieved 2018-07-24.
20. ^ Chan, Sewell (February 28, 2008). "Remembering Buckley's 1965 Run for Mayor". The New York Times.
21. ^ Sabel, Charles F. (November 8, 1966). "New York's Three-Way Race For Governor: Vote Hinges on Rockefeller's Unpopularity". The Harvard Crimson.
22. ^ "James Buckley Nominated By Conservative Party as U.S. Senate Candidate". The Glens Falls Times. April 3, 1968. p. 15\. Archived from the original on October 12, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
23. ^ "Buckley's Machine Securing His Position". Star-Gazette. December 13, 1970. p. 29\. Archived from the original on June 3, 2020 – via Newspapers.com.
24. ^ McQuiston, John T. (November 9, 1978). "L.I. Conservative a First in House". The New York Times.
25. ^ Roberts, Sam (28 June 2012). "New York Conservative Party Extends Influence at Polls and in Capital". The New York Times.
26. ^ "1965 Election Results: Omens for Liberal Republicans".
27. ^ Kappatos, Nicole (January 26, 2016). "The 1965 Virginia Gubernatorial Election". Richmond Times-Dispatch.
28. ^ Hunter 1972, pp. 22.
29. ^ "Wallace Slates' Status Cloudy". Richmond Times-Dispatch. June 18, 1968. p. 13.
30. ^ Associated Press. "State Politics: Threat to GOP Seen in Conservative Party" Spokane Daily Chronicle September 19, 1966; p. 7, col. 4 via Newspapers.com
31. ^ Associated Press. "Conservative Party Files" The Spokesman-Review September 23, 1966; p. 8, col. 7
32. ^ Associated Press. "Yakima Rebels' Action Pleases GOP Chairman" The Spokesman-Review October 29, 1966; p. 13, col. 6
33. ^ Turner, Wallace. "Rightists Strong in Wallace Drive - Birchers and Others Play Key Role in the West" New York Times September 29, 1968; p. 75, col. 3
34. ^ Cummings, Robert. "Backstage Olympia" The Bellingham Herald February 2, 1968; p. 12, col. 1 via Newspapers.com

Works cited

* Reynolds, John S. (1969). Reconstruction in South Carolina. Negro University Press. ISBN 0-8371-1638-4.
* Hunter, Jack R. (1972). Linwood Holton's long quest for the governorship of Virginia and its impact on the growth of the Republican Party. University of Richmond.

* v
* t
* e

Conservatism in the United States

Schools|

* Compassionate
* Fiscal
* Fusion
* Libertarian
* Moderate
* Movement
* Neo-
* Paleo-
* Postliberal
* Progressive
* Social
* Traditionalist

Principles|

* American exceptionalism
* Anti-communism
* Christian nationalism
* Classical liberalism
* Communitarianism
* Constitutionalism
* Familialism
* Family values
* Federalism
* States' rights
* Gender essentialism
* Complementarianism
* Judeo-Christian values
* Individualism
* Law and order
* Limited government
* Militarism
* Moral absolutism
* Natural law
* Ordered liberty
* Patriotism
* Protectionism
* Republicanism
* Right to bear arms
* Rule of law
* Tradition

People|

| Presidents|

* Adams (John)
* Adams (John Quincy)
* G. H. W. Bush
* G. W. Bush
* Cleveland
* Coolidge
* Harding
* Hoover
* McKinley
* Nixon
* Reagan
* W. H. Taft
* Trump
* Washington

|

Jurists|

* Alito
* Barrett
* Bork
* Burger
* Colson
* George
* Goldsmith
* Gorsuch
* Harlan II
* Kavanaugh
* Kennedy
* O'Connor
* Parker
* Rehnquist
* Roberts
* Scalia
* Sessions
* Sutherland
* Taft
* Thomas
* Vermeule
* Yoo

Intellectuals|

* Adams
* Anton
* Babbitt
* Bacevich
* Bell
* Bellow
* Bloom
* Boorstin
* Buckley
* Burnham
* Calhoun
* Chambers
* Conquest
* Deneen
* Eastman
* Eliot
* Genovese
* Gottfried
* Hanson
* Hazony
* Hoppe
* Hurston
* Jaffa
* Kendall
* Kimball
* Kirk
* Kirkpatrick
* Kreeft
* Kristol
* Kuehnelt-Leddihn
* Lasch
* Lind
* Lovecraft
* Loury
* Lukacs
* Mansfield
* Mencken
* Meyer
* Molnar
* Murray
* Nisbet
* O'Connor
* Ong
* Ransom
* Rieff
* Santayana
* Sowell
* Strauss
* Viereck
* Voegelin
* Washington
* Weaver
* Yarvin

Other figures|

* Ailes
* Atwater
* Beck
* Breitbart
* Carlson
* Cheney
* Coulter
* Cruz
* DeSantis
* Dilling
* Elder
* Falwell
* Gingrich
* Giuliani
* Goldwater
* Hannity
* Ingraham
* Levin
* Limbaugh
* Lindbergh
* Lodge
* Lovecraft
* McCain
* McCarthy
* McConnell
* Novak
* O'Reilly
* Palin
* Rand Paul
* Ron Paul
* Pence
* Perot
* Quayle
* Romney
* Rove
* Rumsfeld
* Ryan
* Sessions
* Schlafly
* Shapiro
* Stone
* Robert A. Taft
* Booker T. Washington

Parties|

* American Party
* American Independent Party
* Conservative Party of New York State
* Constitution Party
* Republican Party
* Anti-Masonic Party
* Constitutional Union Party
* Democratic Party (historically, factions)
* Boll weevils
* Conservative Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Reagan Democrats
* Southern Democrats
* Rhode Island Suffrage Party
* Federalist Party
* National Republican Party
* Native American Party
* Whig Party

Movements|

* Alt-right
* Asian and Pacific Islander
* Black
* Christian right
* Dark Enlightenment
* Female
* Green
* Hispanic and Latino
* LGBT
* Libertarian Republicans
* Militia movement
* Patriot movement
* Christian
* Radical Right
* Reactionary feminism
* Tea Party movement
* Trumpism

Think tanks|

* Acton Institute
* AdTI
* AEI
* AFP
* CSP
* CfNI
* Claremont Institute
* CEI
* CSPC
* EPPC
* FRI
* Gatestone Institute
* Heartland Institute
* The Heritage Foundation
* Heritage Action
* Mandate for Leadership
* Project Esther
* Project 2025
* Hoover Institution
* Hudson Institute
* ISI
* James Madison Program
* Leadership Institute
* Manhattan Institute
* Mises Institute
* PRI
* PNAC (Defunct)
* Ripon Society
* R Street Institute
* Rockford Institute
* SPN
* Sutherland Institute
* Tax Foundation
* Witherspoon Institute

Historical factions|

* Bourbon Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Loyalists
* Old Right
* Redeemers
* Southern Agrarians

Literature|

* Democracy in America (1835–1840)
* Democracy and Leadership (1924)
* I'll Take My Stand (1930)
* Our Enemy, the State (1935)
* The Managerial Revolution (1941)
* Ideas Have Consequences (1948)
* God and Man at Yale (1951)
* The Conservative Mind (1953)
* The Conscience of a Conservative (1960)
* A Choice Not an Echo (1964)
* Losing Ground (1984)
* A Conflict of Visions (1987)
* The Closing of the American Mind (1987)
* The Bell Curve (1994)
* A Republic, Not an Empire (1999)
* Hillbilly Elegy (2017)
* The Benedict Option (2017)
* Why Liberalism Failed (2018)

See also|

* American nationalism
* Bibliography of conservatism in the United States
* List of American conservatives
* National conservatism
* Southern strategy

* Conservatism portal

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template