Conservative Political Action Conference

Annual meeting in the US and other countries

This article is about an annual political conference in the US. For the Canadian parliamentary broadcaster, see CPAC (TV channel).

Conservative Political Action Conference

Logo of CPAC since 2014

Dates| February/March/July (dates vary)
Frequency| Annual
Location(s)| Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center, National Harbor, Maryland, U.S. (2024)
Inaugurated| 1974; 51 years ago (1974)
Most recent| February 19–22, 2025
Organized by| American Conservative Union
Website| cpac.conservative.org
This article is part of a series on

Conservatism
in the United States

Schools

* Compassionate
* Fiscal
* Fusion
* Liberal
* Classical
* Libertarian
* Moderate
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* Nationalist
* Christian
* Neo-
* Paleo-
* Postliberal
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* Straussian
* Traditionalist
* Ultra-

Principles

* American exceptionalism
* Anti-communism
* Christian Zionism
* Communitarianism
* Constitutionalism
* Familialism
* Family values
* Federalism
* States' rights
* Subsidiarity
* Gender essentialism
* Judeo-Christian values
* Individualism
* Law and order
* Limited government
* Meritocracy
* Natural aristocracy
* Militarism
* Peace through strength
* Moral absolutism
* Natalism
* Pro-life
* Natural law
* Ordered liberty
* Patriotism
* Property rights
* Republicanism
* Right to bear arms
* Rule of law
* Supply-side economics
* Tradition

History

* Loyalists
* Federalist Era
* Southern chivalry
* Redeemers
* Boston Brahmins
* Solid South
* New Humanism
* Dunning School
* Southern Agrarians
* Old Right
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* Conservative coalition
* America First Committee
* McCarthyism
* Goldwater campaign
* New Right
* Reagan era
* Reagan Doctrine
* Reaganomics
* Republican Revolution
* W. Bush presidency
* Tea Party movement
* Neo- vs. paleoconservatism
* Trump era
* First term
* Second term
* Agenda 47

Intellectuals

* Adams
* Anton
* Babbitt
* Bacevich
* Bell
* Bellow
* Bloom
* Boorstin
* Bradford
* Buckley
* Burgess
* Burnham
* Calhoun
* Chambers
* Conquest
* Deneen
* Eliot
* Francis
* Genovese
* Gottfried
* Hanson
* Hardin
* Hazony
* Himmelfarb
* Hoppe
* Hurston
* Jaffa
* Kimball
* Kirk
* Kirkpatrick
* Kreeft
* Kristol
* Kuehnelt-Leddihn
* Lind
* Lovecraft
* Loury
* Lukacs
* Luntz
* Mansfield
* Mencken
* Meyer
* Molnar
* Murray
* Nisbet
* Pangle
* Ransom
* Reno
* Rieff
* Santayana
* Schaeffer
* Sowell
* Strauss
* Vermeule
* Viereck
* Voegelin
* Wattenberg
* Weaver
* Wolfe

Politicians

* Abbott
* Adams
* Bolton
* Buchanan
* Bush (George H. W.)
* Bush (George W.)
* Calhoun
* Clay
* Cheney
* Cleveland
* Coolidge
* Cruz
* DeSantis
* Dirksen
* Dole
* Eisenhower
* Gingrich
* Goldwater
* Harding
* Hamilton
* Helms
* Hoover (Herbert)
* Huckabee
* Johnson
* Kissinger
* Lodge
* Luce
* Madison
* McCain
* McCarthy (Joseph)
* McCarthy (Kevin)
* McConnell
* McKinley
* Meese
* Nixon
* Palin
* Paul (Rand)
* Paul (Ron)
* Pence
* Pierce
* Randolph
* Reagan
* Romney
* Rubio
* Rumsfeld
* Ryan
* Sessions
* Sherman
* Taft (Robert)
* Taft (William)
* Thune
* Thurmond
* Trump
* Vance
* Wallace
* Wolfowitz

Jurists

* Alito
* Barrett
* Bork
* Burger
* Colson
* Field
* Frelinghuysen
* Fuller
* George
* Goldsmith
* Gorsuch
* Harlan
* Kavanaugh
* Kennedy
* Luttig
* O'Connor
* Parker
* Rehnquist
* Roberts (John)
* Sanford
* Scalia
* Sessions
* Sutherland
* Taft (William)
* Thomas (Clarence)
* Whittaker

Commentators

* Beck
* Bongino
* Breitbart
* Buchanan (Pat)
* Buckley
* Caldwell
* Carlson
* Cass
* Chodorov
* Coulter
* D'Souza
* Derbyshire
* Dreher
* Elder
* Goldberg
* Grant
* Griffin
* Van den Haag
* Hannity
* Hart
* Herberg
* Hoover (Margaret)
* Ingraham
* Jones
* Kelly
* Knowles
* Krauthammer
* Lahren
* Levin
* Limbaugh
* Mac Donald
* Neuhaus
* Ngo
* North
* Novak
* O'Reilly
* Owens
* Podhoretz
* Pool
* Portnoy
* Possony
* Prager
* Robertson
* Shapiro
* Shlaes
* Sullivan
* Walsh
* Watters
* Weyl
* Will
* Wintrich
* Woods

Activists

* Abramoff
* Agostinelli
* Andreessen
* Atwater
* Bannon
* Bennett
* Bezmenov
* Bozell
* Cohn
* Dans
* Dobson
* Drudge
* Falwell
* Feulner
* Flynn
* Gabriel
* Hegseth
* Horowitz
* Kirk
* Krikorian
* Kristol
* LaHaye
* Lindell
* Lindbergh
* Leo
* McEntee
* Mercer (Rebekah)
* Mercer (Robert)
* Miller
* Murdoch
* Musk
* political views
* O'Keefe
* Park
* Phillips
* Posobiec
* Powell
* Raichik
* Reed
* Regnery
* Roberts (Kevin)
* Rove
* Rufo
* Scaife
* Schlafly (Andrew)
* Schlafly (Phyllis)
* Stone
* Thiel
* Thomas (Ginni)
* Weyrich
* Wiles
* Wood

Literature

* The Federalist Papers (1788)
* Democracy in America (1835–1840)
* Notes on Democracy (1926)
* I'll Take My Stand (1930)
* Our Enemy, the State (1935)
* The Managerial Revolution (1941)
* Ideas Have Consequences (1948)
* God and Man at Yale (1951)
* The Conservative Mind (1953)
* The Conscience of a Conservative (1960)
* A Choice Not an Echo (1964)
* A Conflict of Visions (1987)
* The Closing of the American Mind (1987)
* The Death of the West (2001)
* Hillbilly Elegy (2016)
* The Benedict Option (2017)
* Why Liberalism Failed (2018)
* The Age of Entitlement (2020)

Parties

Active

* American Party
* American Independent Party
* Conservative Party
* NY state
* Constitution Party
* Republican Party

Defunct

* Anti-Masonic Party
* Constitutional Union Party
* Democratic Party (historically, factions)
* Boll weevils
* Bourbon Democrats
* Conservative Democrats
* Dixiecrats
* Reagan Democrats
* Southern Democrats
* Rhode Island Suffrage Party
* Federalist Party
* National Republican Party
* Native American Party
* Whig Party

Think tanks

* Acton Institute
* AdTI
* AEI
* AFP
* CSP
* CfNI
* Claremont Institute
* CEI
* CSPC
* EPPC
* FRI
* Gatestone Institute
* Heartland Institute
* The Heritage Foundation
* Heritage Action
* Mandate for Leadership
* Project Esther
* Project 2025
* Hoover Institution
* Hudson Institute
* ISI
* James Madison Program
* Leadership Institute
* Manhattan Institute
* Mises Institute
* PRI
* PNAC (Defunct)
* Ripon Society
* R Street Institute
* Rockford Institute
* SPN
* Sutherland Institute
* Tax Foundation
* Witherspoon Institute

Media

Newspapers

* Chicago Tribune
* The Epoch Times
* New Hampshire Union Leader
* The Jewish Voice
* The New York Observer
* New York Post
* The Remnant
* The Wall Street Journal (editorial board)
* The Washington Times

Journals

* American Affairs
* The American Conservative
* The American Spectator
* American Thinker
* City Journal
* Claremont Review of Books
* Commentary
* Compact
* Chronicles
* The Dispatch
* First Things
* The Imaginative Conservative
* Jewish World Review
* Modern Age
* National Affairs
* The National Interest
* National Review
* The New American
* The New Atlantis
* The New Criterion
* Policy Review (defunct)
* Public Discourse
* Southern Partisan
* Spectator USA
* Tablet
* Taki's Magazine
* Telos
* Washington Examiner
* The Weekly Standard (defunct)

TV channels

* CBN
* Fox Business
* Fox News
* Newsmax TV
* One America News Network
* Real America's Voice
* VOZ

Websites

* 1819 News
* Babylon Bee
* Breitbart News
* The Bulwark
* Campus Reform
* The Center Square
* Conservative Review
* Daily Caller
* Daily Signal
* Daily Wire
* Discover the Networks
* The Federalist
* FrontPage Magazine
* Front Porch Republic
* Gateway Pundit
* Hot Air
* Human Events
* Independent Journal Review
* InfoWars
* Jihad Watch
* LifeZette
* NewsBusters
* PJ Media
* Rare
* RedState
* The Dispatch
* Townhall
* Twitchy
* Washington Examiner
* The Washington Free Beacon
* The Western Journal
* WorldNetDaily

Other

* Blaze Media
* Encounter Books
* Evie Magazine
* The First
* Imprimis
* The Political Cesspool
* Passage Publishing
* PragerU
* RealClearPolitics
* Red Scare
* Regnery Publishing
* RSBN
* The Rubin Report
* Sinclair Broadcast Group

Other organizations

Congressional caucuses

* Second Amendment Caucus
* RSC
* Liberty Caucus
* Freedom Caucus
* Republican Main Street Partnership
* Republican Governance Group
* Blue Dog Coalition

Economics

* ATR
* Club for Growth
* FreedomWorks (defunct)
* NFIB
* NTU
* Tea Party Patriots
* USCC

Gun rights

* GOA
* NAGR
* NRA

Identity politics

* ACT!
* CWA
* Council of Conservative Citizens
* GAG
* IWF
* LCR
* Moms for Liberty

Nativist

* CIS
* FAIR
* Immigration Restriction League
* NumbersUSA
* Patriot Prayer
* Proud Boys
* Oath Keepers
* Three Percenters

Religion

* ADF
* Court cases
* ACLJ
* AFA
* The American TFP
* Chalcedon Foundation
* CCA
* Christian Voice
* Eagle Forum
* FCR
* The Fellowship
* FFC
* Focus on the Family
* Foundation for Moral Law
* Liberty Counsel
* Moral Majority (defunct)
* NOM
* NRLC
* PTMC
* Susan B. Anthony Pro-Life America
* Thomas More Law Center

Watchdog groups

* AIM
* Econ Journal Watch
* Franklin News Foundation
* JW
* MRC
* O'Keefe Media Group
* Project Veritas

Youth/student groups

* NJC
* TPUSA
* Young Americans for Freedom
* Young America's Foundation
* YAL

Social media

* Gab
* Gettr
* Parler
* The Right Stuff

Miscellaneous

* The 85 Fund
* AHI
* ACU
* AFPAC
* Bradley Foundation
* TCC
* CNP
* CPAC
* Hillsdale College
* IFF
* JBS
* John M. Olin Foundation (defunct)
* Liberty Fund
* LU
* NAS
* Philadelphia Society
* Regent University
* Russell Kirk Center for Cultural Renewal
* TPPF

Other

* AFL
* Atlas Network
* CN
* ConservAmerica
* Donors Trust
* FedSoc
* NCPAC
* PJI
* Turning Point Action
* SACR
* YRNF
* Ziklag

Movements

* Asian and Pacific Islander
* Black
* Christian right
* Reconstructionism
* Classical education movement
* Paideia
* Dark Enlightenment
* Election denial movement
* 2020 election disputes
* Female
* Green
* Hispanic and Latino
* LGBTQ
* Libertarian republicans
* Militia movement
* Monarchism
* Mormon
* White Horse Prophecy
* Theodemocracy
* New Apostolic Reformation
* Parental rights movement
* Fathers' rights
* Patriot movement
* Christian
* Radical right
* Reactionary feminism
* Right-libertarianism
* Paleolibertarianism
* Secessionism
* Neo-Confederates
* in Texas
* Trumpism
* Never Trump

Related

* Barstool conservatism
* Bibliography of US conservatism
* Conservative talk radio
* GOP factions
* List of American conservatives
* NatCon
* Timeline of modern American conservatism

* Conservatism portal
* United States portal

* v
* t
* e

The Conservative Political Action Conference (CPAC /ˈsiːpæk/ SEE-pak) is an annual political conference attended by conservative activists and officials from across the United States. CPAC is hosted by the American Conservative Union (ACU).[1] The first CPAC took place in 1974.

The same name and acronym has been used for conferences in other countries.

## History

[edit]

President Ronald Reagan speaking at the 1985 CPAC President George W. Bush speaking at the 2008 CPAC President Donald Trump speaking at the 2018 CPAC

### 1974

[edit]

The conference was founded in 1974 by the American Conservative Union and Young Americans for Freedom as a small gathering of dedicated conservatives.[2][3][4] Ronald Reagan gave the inaugural keynote speech at CPAC in 1974.[5] The presidential hopeful used it to share his vision for the country—"A Shining City Upon a Hill," words borrowed from John Winthrop.[6]

### 2010–2017

[edit]

The 2010 CPAC featured co-sponsorship for the first time from GOProud, a gay conservative group. GoProud is credited in the media for initiating talks with ACU to invite Donald Trump to speak at CPAC 2011.[7] The 2011 CPAC speech Trump gave is credited with helping kick-start his political career within the Republican Party.[8][9][10] Christopher R. Barron, co-founder of GOProud, who later endorsed Trump's 2016 presidential campaign and launched LGBT for Trump, said he "would love to see Mr. Trump run for president".

In 2014, CPAC extended an invitation to American Atheists, which was immediately withdrawn on the same day due to controversial statements by AA's president David Silverman, who declared his group was going to "enlighten conservatives" and that "the Christian right should be threatened by us".[11] The 2015 CPAC featured Jamila Bey who became the first atheist activist to address CPAC's annual meeting.[12]

The 2016 CPAC featured co-sponsorship for the first time from the Log Cabin Republicans.[13] In December 2016, CPAC extended a speaking invitation to conservative blogger Milo Yiannopoulos, despite his history of controversial views on feminism, racial minorities, and transgender issues. The invitation was canceled when the Reagan Battalion[who?] re-posted a video of 2016 and 2015 YouTube videos[14] in which Yiannopoulos is heard making comments defending sexual relationships between adult men and 13-year-old boys, citing his own sexual experiences at that age with a Catholic priest.[15]

Richard Spencer, a figurehead of the alt-right and a white supremacist, entered the lobby of the Gaylord National Hotel on February 23, 2017, in an attempt to access CPAC. Organizers of the conference ejected him from the hotel as soon as his presence was discovered, citing his "repugnant [views which] ... have absolutely nothing to do with conservatism or what we do here" as cause for rejecting his admission to CPAC.[16] ACU's Executive Director Dan Schneider castigated Spencer and the alt-right in a main-stage speech, calling them "garden-variety, left-wing fascists," and saying that the alt-right "despises everything [conservatives] believe in".[17][18]

Media members across the political spectrum condemned the intrusion as yet another attempt by groups like the alt-right to conceal their extremist views within a legitimate philosophy. Opinion columns in The New York Times, and articles in Mother Jones and Rolling Stone voiced concern about the 2017 interview of former Trump adviser Steve Bannon and former Trump Chief-of-Staff Reince Priebus with ACU Chairman Matt Schlapp, advocating for the American Right to reject the tenets of the alt-right, including homophobia, xenophobia, sexism, and racism.[19][20][21]

### 2019

[edit]

Main article: 2019 Conservative Political Action Conference

The 2019 Conservative Political Action Conference was held at the Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center in Oxon Hill, Maryland, from February 27 to March 2, 2019. The event was headlined by President Trump, with many additional speakers. Themes throughout the conference were fighting against socialism; criminal justice reform; China; and criticizing Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez and the Green New Deal.[citation needed]

### 2020–2021

[edit]

Main article: 2021 Conservative Political Action Conference

In 2020, CPAC hosted its main event just prior to the federal emergency declaration regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. On Saturday, March 7, 2020, ACU confirmed that an attendee at the 2020 CPAC had tested positive for COVID-19. Senator Ted Cruz, Representatives Matt Gaetz, Paul Gosar, Doug Collins, and Mark Meadows had recent contact with the patient, who remained unnamed; none of whom would go on to test positive immediately after the event.[22][23]

The following year, the 2021 Conservative Political Action Conference was held during the COVID-19 pandemic. The previous customary venue for CPAC, (Gaylord National Resort & Convention Center) in National Harbor, Maryland was subject to restrictions in Maryland, issued by Republican governor Larry Hogan, who had restricted gathering sizes to a maximum of 10.[24][25]

As a result, the conference was relocated to Orlando, Florida,[25] which had removed all prior pandemic-related limits on gathering sizes.[26] The event was still subject to Orlando mandatory mask-wearing rules. Notwithstanding those restrictions, numerous attendees chose to not wear masks during the event, despite frequent announcements by the event's organizers and hotel staff, requesting attendees to comply with the local mask-wearing mandate.[27] Florida Governor Ron DeSantis characterized the state's resistance to pandemic gathering-size limits as comporting with the state's status as "an oasis of freedom."[27] The conference's theme, "America Uncancelled", sought to highlight alleged attempts by social media companies, the Democratic Party, U.S. universities and progressive organizations to censor conservatives' public expression of their political views. The conference's main event was a closing address by former U.S. president Donald Trump, his first public address and political speech since leaving office. Trump spent significant portions of the speech criticizing his successor, Joe Biden. The speech received significant media coverage in anticipation of Trump's announcement of his post-presidential political activity.

A second 2021 conference was held in Dallas from July 9 to 11 at the Hilton Anatole hotel.[28] The theme of the conference was immigration policy and border security, in the context of the ongoing migrant crisis at the U.S. Southern Border.

### 2022

[edit]

CPAC Florida 2022

The 2022 conference was held on February 24 to 27 in Orlando, Florida.[29] Speakers included Trump, Florida governor Ron DeSantis, and former Democratic congresswoman and presidential candidate Tulsi Gabbard.[30]

As in 2021, a second conference was held in Dallas, Texas from August 4 to 6. Speakers included Trump, Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán,[31] Arizona Republican Gubernatorial candidate Kari Lake, and many congressional representatives.

As part of one of the 2022 break-out sessions, the Dallas CPAC conference displayed a banner across their main stage with the phrase "We are all domestic terrorists."[32][33][34][35][36]

### 2023

[edit]

CPAC returned to National Harbor, Maryland for their 2023 conference. Major speakers at the winter event included Donald Trump, Steve Bannon, U.S. House members Marjorie Taylor Greene, Matt Gaetz and Lauren Boebert, presidential candidate Nikki Haley, and Donald Trump Jr.[37] Attendance was thinner than at previous conferences, with the main ballroom often half-full during speeches, though Trump drew a capacity crowd.[38][39] He said he would not withdraw from the 2024 presidential race if he was indicted as a result of federal and state investigations underway.[40] CNN fact checker Daniel Dale found that Trump "made some of his most thoroughly dishonest speeches" at the conference.[41] Trump said, in part:

> In 2016, I declared: I am your voice. Today, I add: I am your warrior. I am your justice. And for those who have been wronged and betrayed: I am your retribution.[42]

Also during the conference political commentator Michael Knowles called for the elimination of "transgenderism," arguing that those who identify as transgender are "laboring a delusion, and we need to correct that delusion." Knowles further stated that "there can be no middle way in dealing with transgenderism," and that "for the good of society, and especially for the good of the poor people who have fallen prey to this confusion, transgenderism must be eradicated from public life entirely."[43] Knowles' comments were criticized by several political media figures, including civil rights attorney Alejandra Caraballo, describing them as genocidal.[44] Knowles demanded that The Daily Beast retract a headline stating that he was calling for the eradication of the "transgender community".[45]

Presidential candidate Vivek Ramaswamy later alleged that a political consultant with ties to CPAC had offered to rig the straw poll in his favor in exchange for a fee exceeding $100,000, which Ramaswamy refused.[46]

Longtime CPAC board member and vice-chair Charlie Gerow resigned in August 2023, calling for investigations of Matt Schlapp and the organization's financial practices. He said, "The situation at CPAC has become such that I felt compelled to resign." Four other longtime board members resigned earlier in the year, with one citing concerns over CPAC's financial reports.[47] In December 2023, CPAC was accused of covering up sexual assault allegations against Schlapp in a lawsuit against him.[48][49]

### 2024

[edit]

CPAC returned to National Harbor, Maryland, for their February 21–24, 2024 conference. Speakers included Donald Trump, Vivek Ramaswamy, Ben Carson, Steve Bannon, Nigel Farage, Liz Truss, Javier Milei, Nayib Bukele, Santiago Abascal, deposed Catholic bishop Joseph Strickland, as well as Senators and Members of Congress.[50][51][52] Politico noted that CPAC had been diminished due to the previous year's scandals involving Matt Schlapp and belief that the conference had "come to be seen as a mere adjunct of Trumpism".[52]

During an event at CPAC on February 23, alt-right commentator Jack Posobiec made a speech that was widely covered in the media, in which he stated, "Welcome to the end of democracy - we're here to overthrow it completely. We didn't get all the way there on January 6th, but we will endeavor to get rid of it and replace it with this right here" holding his clenched fist in the air. "Because all glory is not to government — all glory to God."[53][54][55][56] The event notably featured several neo-Nazis who were able to secure official CPAC badges to walk the show floor and were not ejected unlike previous years.[57][58]

In addition to the annual presidential straw poll, a poll was also taken on who should be presumptive nominee Trump's vice president. Kristi Noem and Vivek Ramaswamy tied at 15%, followed by Tulsi Gabbard at 9%, and Elise Stefanik and Tim Scott at 8%.[59]

Opposition to Donald Trump among some conservatives led to a rival conference held by the group Principles First.[60]

### 2025

[edit]

Trump at the 2025 CPAC

Speakers of the 2025 conference included Donald Trump, JD Vance,[61] Liz Truss[62] and Elon Musk. Argentine President Javier Milei gave Musk a chainsaw which Musk called the "chainsaw for bureaucracy".[63] Steve Bannon spoke, closing his pro-Trump remarks with what appeared to some as a Nazi salute. The incident came one month after Elon Musk made a similar salute during a Trump inaugural appearance.[64] The following day, Mexican actor Eduardo Verástegui made a similar salute after saying, "My heart goes out to all of you" and touching his chest, in a manner similar to the Musk incident.[65]

President of the French populist right-wing party National Rally (RN), Jordan Bardella canceled his speech to the conference (CPAC) after the Bannon incident.[66] Slovak Prime Minister Robert Fico delivered an enthusiastic endorsement of Donald Trump.[67]

At CPAC 2025, conservative groups, such as the Third Term Project, supported Tennessee representative Andy Ogles proposed resolution to amend the Twenty-Second Amendment, allowing for presidents who have served two non-consecutive terms to seek a third term and promoted the idea of Trump running for an as-yet unconstitutional third term.[68][69]

## Annual straw poll

[edit]

Straw poll results at the 2015 CPAC, showing Rand Paul as the apparent winner

The annual CPAC straw poll vote traditionally serves as a barometer for the feelings of the conservative movement. During the conference, attendees are encouraged to fill out a survey that asks questions on a variety of issues. The questions regarding the most popular possible presidential candidates are the most widely reported. One component of CPAC is evaluating conservative candidates for president, and the straw poll serves generally to quantify conservative opinion.

Year  | Straw poll winner  | % of votes  | Second place  | % of votes  | Eventual Republican nominee

|
|
|
|
|

1974–75  | Polling irregular?[citation needed] | Gerald Ford (1976)
1976 | Ronald Reagan[70] | 77.2 | George Wallace | 14.6
1977–79  | Polling irregular?[citation needed] | Ronald Reagan (1980)
1980 | Ronald Reagan[71] | n/a | n/a | n/a
1981–83  | Not held (Ronald Reagan's nomination presumptive)[71] | Ronald Reagan (1984)
1984 | Ronald Reagan[71] | n/a | n/a | n/a
1985  | Not held[71] | George H. W. Bush (1988)
1986 | Jack Kemp[72][73] | n/a | George H. W. Bush | n/a
1987 | Jack Kemp[74] | 68 | Pat Buchanan | 9
1988  | Not held[71]
1989–91  | Not held (George H. W. Bush's nomination presumptive)[71] | George H. W. Bush (1992)
1992  | Pat Buchanan[75] | ?  | ?  | ?
1993 | Jack Kemp[76] | n/a | n/a | n/a  | Bob Dole (1996)
1994  | Not held[71]
1995 | Phil Gramm[77] | 40 | Bob Dole | 12
1996  | Bob Dole[78] | 26  | Pat Buchanan  | 24
1997  | Not held[71] | George W. Bush (2000)
1998 | Steve Forbes[79] | 23 | George W. Bush | 10
1999 | Gary Bauer[80][81] | 28 | George W. Bush | 24
2000 | George W. Bush[82] | 42 | Alan Keyes | 23
2001–04  | Not held (George W. Bush's nomination presumptive)[83] | George W. Bush (2004)
2005 | Rudy Giuliani[84] | 19 | Condoleezza Rice | 18  | John McCain (2008)
2006 | George Allen[85] | 22 | John McCain | 20
2007 | Mitt Romney[85] | 21 | Rudy Giuliani | 17
2008 | Mitt Romney[85] | 35 | John McCain | 34
2009 | Mitt Romney[85][86] | 20 | Bobby Jindal | 14  | Mitt Romney (2012)
2010 | Ron Paul[85][87] | 31 | Mitt Romney | 22
2011 | Ron Paul[88] | 30 | Mitt Romney | 23
2012 | Mitt Romney[89] | 38 | Rick Santorum | 31
2013 | Rand Paul[90] | 25 | Marco Rubio | 23  | Donald Trump (2016)
2014 | Rand Paul[91] | 31 | Ted Cruz | 11
2015 | Rand Paul | 26 | Scott Walker | 21
2016 | Ted Cruz | 40 | Marco Rubio | 30
2017–18 | Not held (Donald Trump's nomination presumptive)[92] | Donald Trump (2020)
2019 | Donald Trump[93][94] | 82 | Mitt Romney | 6
2020 | Not held (Donald Trump's nomination presumptive)[95]
2021 (1) | Donald Trump[96] | 55 | Ron DeSantis | 21  | Donald Trump (2024)
2021 (2) | Donald Trump[97] | 70 | Ron DeSantis | 21
2022 (1) | Donald Trump[98] | 59 | Ron DeSantis | 28
2022 (2) | Donald Trump | 69 | Ron DeSantis | 24
2023 | Donald Trump | 62 | Ron DeSantis | 20
2024 | Donald Trump | 94 | Nikki Haley | 5
2025 | JD Vance[99] | 61 | Steve Bannon | 12 | TBD (2028)

In total, current U.S. President Donald Trump holds the record for the most wins in CPAC straw polls with seven (as of February 2024[update]). Mitt Romney follows with four, and Ronald Reagan, Jack Kemp, and Rand Paul follow with three wins each, followed by Ron Paul with two wins. Of these five, the Pauls are the only two to win more than one straw poll, yet never appear on a Republican presidential ticket in any election, although Ron Paul did receive one Electoral College vote in 2016.[100]

Despite his former popularity, Romney was not invited from CPAC in 2020 because of his vote to hear additional witnesses in the first impeachment trial of Donald Trump[101] and was also not invited to the 2021 CPAC after he voted to convict Trump on one count in his second impeachment trial.[102] CPAC's chairman said he could not ensure Romney's "physical safety" at the 2020 CPAC conference.[103]

Florida Governor Ron DeSantis has had more second-place finishes in the CPAC straw poll than anyone else, being the runner-up five consecutive times from 2021 to 2023. Mitt Romney has the second-highest number of second-place finishes, with three, followed by Pat Buchanan, George W. Bush, John McCain, and Marco Rubio, all with two each.

## Foreign CPACs

[edit]

### Argentina

[edit]

The first CPAC in Argentina took place on December 4, 2024, in the city of Buenos Aires. Speakers included Argentinian President Javier Milei, Lara Trump, Kari Lake, Santiago Abascal, Agustín Laje, Patricia Bullrich, Ben Shapiro, Eduardo Verástegui, Rafael López Aliaga, Ricardo Salinas Pliego, Luis Caputo and Eduardo Bolsonaro, with video messages by: Steve Bannon, Jair Bolsonaro and Maria Corina Machado.[104]

### Australia

[edit]

Australia's first CPAC was held in August 2019 by Andrew Cooper,[105] founder of conservative think-tank LibertyWorks. Guest speakers included former prime minister Tony Abbott, Brexit campaign leader Nigel Farage, former Breitbart News editor-in-chief Raheem Kassam and NSW One Nation leader Mark Latham. Liberal Senator Amanda Stoker and Craig Kelly MP were at the event. There were calls for Kassam to be banned from coming into the country before the event.[106][107]

The second conference was held in November 2020.[108] Canadian alt-right YouTuber Lauren Southern was initially scheduled to appear, but her invitation was rescinded by the organizers.[109]

The 2022 conference was held in Sydney on October 1. Attendees included Tony Abbott, Eric Abetz, Katherine Deves, Nigel Farage, Jacinta Price and Amanda Stoker.[110]

The 2023 conference was held in Sydney from August 19–20.[111][112][113] One prominent speaking point of the conference was in opposition to the proposed constitutional amendment to create an Indigenous voice to parliament. Tony Abbott, Warren Mundine and Jacinta Nampijinpa Price were among the speakers at the conference.[114]

### Brazil

[edit]

The first CPAC in Brazil took place on October 11–12, 2019, in the city of São Paulo, attended by leading American conservatives including ACU chairman Matt Schlapp and his wife Mercedes Schlapp, Utah senator Mike Lee, Fox News specialist Walid Phares, as well as Brazilian figures including President Jair Bolsonaro's son Eduardo Bolsonaro, the Minister of Foreign Affairs Ernesto Araújo, and the Prince Imperial of Brazil Bertrand Maria José de Orléans e Bragança and others.[115][116]

The ACU Foundation announced that the event would take place annually in Brazil from 2019.[117][118]

In September 2021, Jason Miller, a former senior adviser to Donald Trump, and other American right-wing media personalities in his traveling party, were detained and questioned for three hours at Brasília International Airport following participation in the 2021 CPAC Brazil Conference. The investigation was part of an inquiry by Brazilian Supreme Court Justice Alexandre de Moraes into misinformation allegedly perpetuated by the administration of President Jair Bolsonaro. Miller had praised Bolsonaro's supporters as "proud patriots" and claimed they had been deplatformed and shadow banned by Brazilian authorities.[119] Miller continued to advise Jair Bolsonaro after his October 2022 election defeat, meeting with the president's son, Eduardo Bolsonaro, in November 2022, as protests and election challenges continued.[120]

The 2024 CPAC Brazil featured Jair Bolsonaro, Eduardo Bolsonaro, Argentinian President Javier Milei, Chilean Republican Party leader José Antonio Kast and Salvadoran Justice and Public Security Minister Gustavo Villatoro.[121]

### Hungary

[edit]

Viktor Orbán speaking at CPAC Hungary Rick Santorum speaking at CPAC Hungary 2022

A conference, billed by the organizers[clarification needed] as CPAC Hungary, was held on May 19–20, 2022 in Budapest, Hungary.[122][123][124] Speakers included Hungary's Prime Minister Viktor Orbán; Spain's Vox party leader Santiago Abascal; Eduardo Bolsonaro; right-wing US commentator Candace Owens; Ernst Roets, the Deputy CEO of AfriForum;[125] and former US White House chief of staff Mark Meadows,[126] as well as far-right US conspiracy theorist Jack Posobiec and Hungarian journalist Zsolt Bayer.[127]

CPAC 2024 in Hungary attracted attention by refusing registration to journalists from various national media, using 'CPAC is a no woke zone' as an argument.[128] The event was attended by 3000 participants, among them 500 from abroad, from 6 continents: two prime ministers in office, Irakli Kobakhidze (Georgia) and Viktor Orbán (Hungary); three former Prime Ministers (Tony Abbott, Mateusz Morawiecki, and Janez Janša); seven ministers in office (5 Hungarians and 2 Israelis); ten presidents of political parties (amongst them: Santiago Abascal, Geert Wilders, and Tom Van Grieken); three American congressmen (Andy Harris, Paul Gosar, and Keith Self); and seven high ranking Polish political leaders. Participants of the conference were greeted with video messages by Donald Trump, the 45th president of the United States of America, Vivek Ramaswamy, former candidate for the Republican nomination for President of the United States, and André Ventura, founder of the Portuguese party Chega!.[129]

2025 CPAC Hungary billed itself as the largest gathering of patriots ever. Mr. Miklós Szánthó said: ‘We are facing a global conspiracy, and the age of patriots has arrived—when we must provide an anti-globalist response to globalist aspirations.’ [130]

* Martin Helme \- CPAC Hungary 2023

* Irakli Garibashvili on CPAC Hungary, May 2023

* ANO leader, Andrej Babiš, speaking at the 2023 CPAC Hungary

* Eva Vlaardingerbroek speaking at CPAC Hungary 2023

* Alice Weidel speaking at CPAC Hungary 2025

* Liz Truss speaking at CPAC Hungary 2025

### Japan

[edit]

The first international CPAC was hosted in Tokyo on December 16–17, 2017 by the Japanese Conservative Union (JCU) in conjunction with the American Conservative Union (ACU).[131] JCU and ACU have continued to co-host J-CPACs every year since. Participants have included notable lawmakers and conservatives from the U.S., Japan, and around the world. They include ACU chairman Matt Schlapp and executive director Dan Schneider, White House chief of staff Mick Mulvaney, U.S. Representatives Bruce Westerman, and Paul Gosar, Fmr. METI Minister Akira Amari, Fmr. Defense Minister Gen Nakatani, Fmr. Defense Minister Tomomi Inada, Fmr. Taiwanese Finance Minister and WTO ambassador Ching-Chang Wen [zh], journalist Sara Carter, then-SEC commissioner Michael Piwowar, Asia expert and commentator Gordon G. Chang, to name just a few. Hong Kong localist activist Andy Chan Ho-tin attended Japanese CPAC 2019 by video after he was arrested in Hong Kong on his way to Tokyo to make a live appearance.[132]

### Mexico

[edit]

The first CPAC in Mexico (CPAC México) took place on November 18–19, 2022 at a Westin hotel in Santa Fe, Mexico City. Speakers included former Trump White House advisor Steve Bannon, American anti-abortion activist Abby Johnson, Eduardo Bolsonaro, Argentinian presidential candidate Javier Milei, former Chilean presidential candidate José Antonio Kast, and Juan Iván Peña Neder, the President of the Mexican Republicans.[133] It was organized by Mexican anti-abortion activist Eduardo Verástegui.[134][133] At the start of the conference, a group of anti-fascist protesters wearing Che Guevara shirts and waving red hammer and sickle flags showed up at the hotel; Matt Schlapp dubbed the protest "CPAC Derangement Syndrome".[133]

### Poland

[edit]

On May 27, 2025 took place first CPAC meeting in Poland close to Rzeszów city. The list of speakers include politicians from Law and Justice and Confederation Liberty and Independence, include current president of Poland Andrzej Duda and then candidate for presidency Karol Nawrocki. From the United States the speakers include Kristi Noem.

### South Korea

[edit]

The first CPAC in South Korea (KCPAC) took place between October 3, 2019, in the city of Seoul. They include ACU chairman Matt Schlapp and executive director Dan Schneider, Fmr. acting United States Attorney General Matthew Whitaker, Fmr. Deputy National Security Advisor of the United States K. T. McFarland, Asia expert and commentator Gordon G. Chang, Fox News host Jeanine Pirro, Founder of the New Institute Andrew Crilly, Fox News Contributor Sara A. Carter, Professor of law at Handong International Law School Eric Enlow, Professor emeritus at Yonsei University Kim Dong-gil, Fmr. public security prosecutor Koh Young-ju, Co-chairperson KCPAC Annie M. H. Chan, Fmr. Prime minister of South Korea Hwang Kyo-ahn, Liberty Korea Party members of the National Assembly Kim Jin-tae and Chun Hee-kyung and Min Kyung-wook, Director of the International Strategic Research Institute Kim Jung-min, Director of Korea Institute for Crisis Management Analysis Huh Nam-sung, Fmr. Director of Korea Institute for National Unification Kim Tae-woo, Founder and former Chief of Pennmike Chung Kyu-jae, Lawyer Chae Myung-sung, Leader of Dawn of Liberty Party Park Kyul, Leader of Truth Forum Kim Eun-koo.[135] In Korea, Min Kyung-wook and Ryu Chulwoong presented at CPAC2021 in the United States.

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117. ^ @jairbolsonaro (August 14, 2019). "-É com grande satisfação que após meses de trabalho anunciamos que o maior evento conservador do mundo, CPAC, será realizado pela 1ª vez no Brasil. Em breve divulgaremos grandes nomes da direita mundial que se farão presentes em São Paulo nos dias 11 e 12/OUT. Sigam: @cpacbrasil" (Tweet) - via Twitter.
118. ^ "Eduardo Bolsonaro tenta trazer ao Brasil maior evento conservador do mundo" (in Portuguese). Poder 360. May 18, 2019. Archived from the original on March 14, 2021. Retrieved August 14, 2019.
119. ^ Sonmez, Felicia; McCoy, Terrence (September 7, 2021). "Former Trump adviser Jason Miller briefly detained in Brazil as political tumult grips country". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 8, 2021. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
120. ^ Dwoskin, Elizabeth; Sá Pessoa, Gabriela (November 23, 2022). "Trump aides Bannon, Miller advising the Bolsonaros on next steps". Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 27, 2022. Retrieved November 28, 2022.
121. ^ "Junto a Milei y Bolsonaro: El viaje de Kast a la cumbre de la ultraderecha brasileña". July 2, 2024. Archived from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved July 6, 2024.
122. ^ "Budapest to Host CPAC Hungary Conference in March". Hungarytoday.hu. January 26, 2022. Archived from the original on February 2, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
123. ^ "Budapest to Host the Largest American Conservative Conference". Hungarianconservative.com. October 13, 2021. Archived from the original on December 9, 2021. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
124. ^ Garamvolgyi, Flora; Walker, Shaun (February 11, 2022). "Viktor Orbán invites Trump to Hungary to boost re-election campaign". The Guardian. Archived from the original on February 11, 2022. Retrieved February 15, 2022.
125. ^ "Ernst Roets at CPAC Hungary 2022 – Don't be derailed by the Keepers of the Script". YouTube. May 22, 2022. Archived from the original on May 23, 2022. Retrieved May 23, 2022.
126. ^ Garamvolgyi, Flora (May 20, 2022). "Viktor Orbán tells CPAC the path to power is to 'have your own media'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 21, 2022. Retrieved May 21, 2022.
127. ^ Garamvolgyi, Flora; Borger, Julian (May 21, 2022). "Trump shares CPAC Hungary platform with notorious racist and antisemite". The Guardian. Archived from the original on May 22, 2022. Retrieved May 22, 2022.
128. ^ "VRT NWS niet welkom op conservatief congres CPAC in Boedapest, wegens "te woke"". vrtnws.be (in Dutch). April 10, 2024. Archived from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved April 10, 2024.
129. ^ "CPAC: Létrejött a nemzeti erők nemzetközi összefogása". Magyar Nemzet (in Hungarian). April 26, 2024. Archived from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved April 28, 2024.
130. ^ "CPAC Hungary Kicks Off Tomorrow Featuring Orbán, Fico, and Weidel". Hungarian Conservative. June 2, 2025. Retrieved June 2, 2025.
131. ^ "American Conservative Union announces 'Japanese CPAC' in Tokyo". Washington Examiner. November 17, 2017. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
132. ^ Fordham, Evie (September 6, 2019). "Conservatives visit Hong Kong activist arrested on his way to CPAC in Japan". FOXBusiness. Archived from the original on August 28, 2024. Retrieved July 31, 2020.
133. ^ a b c Tomson, Danielle (November 23, 2022). "CPAC México wants to unite a fractured international far-right". Coda Media. Archived from the original on November 24, 2022. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
134. ^ O'Boyle, Brendan (November 19, 2022). "At CPAC Mexico, 'orphaned' right tries to build home as region tacks left". Reuters. Retrieved November 24, 2022.
135. ^ "KCPAC 2019 | KCPAC". cpackorea.com. Archived from the original on May 19, 2021. Retrieved May 19, 2021.

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Philosophy|

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