Counts and dukes of Savoy

Titles of nobility

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Greater coat of arms of the King of Italy (1890–1946)

The titles of the count of Savoy, and then duke of Savoy, are titles of nobility attached to the historical territory of Savoy. Since its creation, in the 11th century, the House of Savoy held the county, the ruler of which was originally styled "count," then later as "duke"; several of these rulers were called "king" at one point in history or another.

The County of Savoy was elevated to a duchy at the beginning of the 15th century, bringing together all the territories of the Savoyard state under Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy.[1] In the 18th century, Victor Amadeus II annexed the Kingdom of Sardinia to the historical possessions of the Duchy, and from then on, the Savoyard dukes also held the title of Kings of Sardinia. The House of Savoy later went on to rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1946 when the monarchy was abolished.

Victor Amadeus II was the longest reigning monarch of Savoy, followed by Charles Emmanuel I, and Charles III or Amadeus VIII.

## Rulers of Savoy

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See also: List of monarchs of Sardinia, Unification of Italy, and Kings of Italy

### House of Savoy

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#### Partitions of Savoy under House of Savoy

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County of Savoy
(1000–1416)  | County of
Geneva
(1394–1401) | Lordship of Nemours
(1120–1274)
Annexed to France
Raised to Duchy
(1404–1516)[a]

|
|

Lordship
of Piedmont
(1233–1418)  |
Barony of Vaud
(1233–1359)[b] |
Raised to:

Duchy of Savoy
(1416–1720)  |

County of
Geneva
(1440–1724)  |
Duchy of
Nemours
(1516–1528)
|  |

Principality
of Carignano
(1620–1831)  |
County of
Soissons
(1656–1734)  |  |  | In 1652 Nemours
returned to France
Raised and merged into:

Kingdom of Sardinia
(1720–1861)
(Carignano line since 1831)

Raised and unified as

Kingdom of Italy
(1861–1946)

#### Table of rulers

[edit]

Ruler | Born | Reign | Ruling part | Consort | Death | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
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Humbert I the White-Handed |  | c.980
Maurienne
Son of Amadeus, Count of Belley | 1003 – 19 July 1048 | County of Savoy | Ancilla
c. 995/1000
four children  | 19 July 1048
Hermillon
aged 67-68 | First known member of the family and first owner of the county.
Amadeus I of the Tail |  | c.1016
First son of Humbert I and Ancilla | 1048 – 1052 | County of Savoy | Adila
1030
three children  | c.1052
aged 35-36 | Known by this nickname after appearing before Henry III, Holy Roman Emperor at Verona with a large "tail" of knights and vassals. Left no surviving descendants, beside his son, Aymon [fr], and a daughter who became Countess of Geneva. He was succeeded by his brother.
Otto |  | c.1020
Charbonnières Castle [fr]
Fourth son of Humbert I and Ancilla | 1052 – 1057 | County of Savoy | Adelaide the Great, Marchioness of Turin
1046
five children  | c.1057
Turin
aged 36-37 | Through his marriage with Adelaide, their descendants eventually inherited the important March of Turin.
Adelaide of Turin the Great |  | c.1020
Turin
Daughter of Ulric Manfred II, Marquis of Turin and Bertha of Milan | 1057 – 19 December 1091  | County of Savoy
(with the March of Turin) | Herman IV, Duke of Swabia
1036
no children

Henry, Marquis of Montferrat
1041
no children

Otto
1046
five children  | 19 December 1091
Canischio
aged 36-37 | Initially as regent for her children, she quickly took over the control of the County of Savoy, which ruled alongside her descendants until her death. She was also ruling, since 1034, the March of Turin. In 1078, Adelaide's co-rulers divided her possessions: her granddaughter Agnes and her husband co-ruled with her in Turin, while her second son Amadeus followed (also with her) in Savoy proper. After her death, Turin merged in Savoy.
Peter I |  | c. 1048
First son of Otto and Adelaide | 1057 – 9 July 1078 | Agnes of Aquitaine
1064
two children  | 9 July 1078
aged 29–30
Amadeus II |  | c. 1050
Second son of Otto and Adelaide | 9 July 1078 – 26 January 1080 | County of Savoy
(in co-rulership) | Joan of Geneva
c. 1065
four children  | 26 January 1080
aged 29–30
Agnes |  | c.1070
Daughter of Peter I and Agnes of Aquitaine | 9 July 1078 – 29 June 1091  | March of Turin
(in co-rulership) | 1080
two children  | c.1115
aged 44-45
Frederick of Montbéliard |  | c.1045
Bar-le-Duc
Son of Louis de Montbéliard [fr] and Sophie, Countess of Bar | 29 June 1091
Turin
aged 45-46
Humbert II the Reinforced[c] |  | c. 1065
Carignano
Son of Amadeus II and Joan of Geneva | 26 January 1080 – 14 October 1103 | County of Savoy | Gisela of Burgundy
1090
seven children  | 14 October 1103
Moûtiers
aged 37–38 | Co-ruled with his grandmother until 1091. His nickname may be explained by his unusual height.
Regency of Gisela of Burgundy, Conon, Bishop of Maurienne [fr], Aymon I, Count of Geneva [fr] and Guy de Miribel (1103-1109) |
Amadeus III the Crusader |
| c. 1095
Carignano
Son of Humbert II and Gisela of Burgundy | 14 October 1103 – 30 March 1148 | County of Savoy | Adelaide
1120/23
no children

Mahaut of Albon
July 1134/1135
ten children  | 30 March 1148
Nicosia
aged 52–53
Regency of Amadeus, Bishop of Lausanne (1148-1150) | Children of Amadeus III, divided their inheritance. Alix's properties were eventually inherited by her own descendants.
Humbert III the Blessed |  | 4 August 1136
Avigliana
Son of Amadeus III and Mahaut of Albon | 30 March 1148 – 4 March 1189 | County of Savoy | Faidiva of Toulouse
c. 1151
no children

Gertrude of Flanders
1155
no children

Clementia of Zähringen
1164
two children

Beatrice of Viennois
1175/77
one child  | 4 March 1189
Chambéry
aged 52
Alix |  | 1123
Daughter of Amadeus III and Adelaide | 30 March 1148 – c.1160 | County of Savoy
(at Châteauneuf-en-Valromey, Virieu-le-Grand and Cordon-en-Bugey)[2][3] | Humbert III, Lord of Beaujeu
1140
five children  | c.1160
aged 36-37?
Regency of Beatrice of Viennois and Boniface I, Marquis of Montferrat (1189-1191) |
Thomas I the Friend of the Communes[d] |  | 27 May 1178
Aiguebelle
Son of Humbert III and Beatrice of Viennois | 4 March 1189 – 1 March 1233 | County of Savoy | Margaret of Geneva
May 1196
fourteen children  | 1 March 1233
Moncalieri
aged 54
Amadeus IV |  | 1197
Montmélian
First son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 1 March 1233 – 24 June 1253 | County of Savoy
(at Savoy proper) | Margaret of Burgundy
c 1217
two children

Cecile of Baux, Passerose
1244
four children  | 24 June 1253
Montmélian
aged 55-56 | Children of Thomas I, divided their inheritance. Amadeus was the first in the family to call himself Count of Savoy . In 1239, Amadeus gave the lordships of Saint-Maurice and Monthey to his sister Margaret, which may have returned to Savoy after her death. The same may have happened to the properties of Aymon, who died with no descendants. Through marriage, Thomas II became also Count of Flanders. As with Peter, after his nephew's death with no descendants, he inherited the county of Savoy as a separate possession of his original barony, as both were inherited by different individuals after his own death.
Aymon |  | c.1200
Montmélian
Third son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 1 March 1233 – 30 August 1237 | County of Savoy
(at Agaune, Chablais, Chillon, Morges and Villeneuve) | Unmarried | 30 August 1237
Montmélian
aged 36-37
Margaret [fr] |  | 1212
Daughter of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 1239 – September 1273 | County of Savoy
(at Saint-Maurice and Monthey)[4] | Hartmann IV, Count of Kyburg [de]
1 June 1218
Moudon
no children

Eberhard I, Count of Habsburg-Laufenburg [bg]
November 1264
no children  | September 1273
aged 60-61
Thomas II |  | 1199
Montmélian
Fifth son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 1 March 1233 – 7 February 1259 | Lordship of Piedmont | Joan, Countess of Flanders
2 April 1237
no children

Beatrice Fieschi [it]
1251
six children  | 7 February 1259
Chambéry
aged 21-22
Peter II the Little Charlemagne |  | 1203
Susa
Seventh son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 1 March 1233 – 15 May 1268  | Barony of Vaud | Agnes, Lady of Faucigny
1236
one child  | 15 May 1268
Château de Chillon or Pierre-Châtel
aged 64-65
June 1263 – 15 May 1268 | County of Savoy
Regency of Cecile of Baux (1253-1260) and Thomas II, Lord of Piedmont (1253-1259) | Mortally wounded, died with no descendants. The county was inherited by his uncle Peter (then baron of Vaud).
Boniface |  | December 1244
Chambéry
Son of Amadeus IV and Cecile of Baux | 24 June 1253 – June 1263 | County of Savoy | Unmarried | June 1263
Turin
aged 18
Thomas III |  | 1246
First son of Thomas II and Beatrice Fieschi [it] | 7 February 1259 – 16 May 1282 | Lordship of Piedmont | Guyonne of Burgundy
(d.1316)
May 1274
five children  | 16 May 1282
Saint-Genix-sur-Guiers
aged 37-38 |
Philip I |  | 1207
Aiguebelle
Eighth son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | 15 May 1268 – 15 August 1285 | County of Savoy
(with Barony of Vaud from 1271) | Adelaide, Countess of Burgundy
12 June 1267
no issue  | 16 August 1285
Roussillon
aged 78 | Heirs of Peter II, redivided the inheritance. Beatrice abdicated of her father's barony to her uncle Philip, which determined the (brief) re-absortion of Vaud into her uncle's county of Savoy. She kept, however, her mother's lordship of Faucigny until her death, after which it passed to her descendants. Philip was the last count of the main line of Savoyard counts; afte his own death also with no children, the county was inherited by the Piedmont branch.
Beatrice |  | 1237
Daughter of Peter II and Agnes, Lady of Faucigny | 15 May 1268 – April 1310 | Barony of Vaud
(with Lordship of Faucigny; in Faucigny only since 1271) | Guigues VII, Dauphin of Viennois
April 1253
three children

Gaston VII, Viscount of Béarn
2 April 1273
no children  | April 1310
Faucigny
aged 72-73
Vaud returned (briefly) to Savoy; Faucigny inherited by the Dauphiné of Viennois
Regency of Guyonne of Burgundy and Otto IV, Count of Burgundy (1282-1292), with Adhémar of Roussillon, Archbishop of Lyon [fr] (1282-1283) |
Philip |  | 1278
Susa
Son of Thomas III and Guyonne of Burgundy | 16 May 1282 – 25 September 1334 | Lordship of Piedmont | Isabella of Villehardouin, Princess of Achaea
12 February 1301
Rome
three children

Catherine de la Tour du Pin
1312
eleven children  | 25 September 1334
Pinerolo
aged 55-56
Amadeus V the Great |  | 1252
Le Bourget-du-Lac
Second son of Thomas II, Lord of Piedmont and Beatrice Fieschi [it] | 15 August 1285 – 16 October 1323 | County of Savoy | Sybille of Bâgé
5 July 1272
eight children

Marie of Brabant
1297
four children  | 16 October 1323
Avignon
aged 73-74 | Heirs of their uncle Philip I of Savoy, divided the gained inheritance.
Louis I |  | 1253
Third son of Thomas II, Lord of Piedmont and Beatrice Fieschi [it] | 15 August 1285 – 13 January 1302 | Barony of Vaud | Adeline of Lorraine
(1245-1278)
c.1270
one child

Jeanne of Montfort-Chambéon
1283
eleven children

Isabelle d'Aulnay
(1270-30 October 1341)
1 May 1301
no children  | 13 January 1302
Naples
aged 48-49
Louis II |  | 1283
Son of Louis I and Jeanne of Montfort-Chambéon | 13 January 1302 – February 1349 | Barony of Vaud | Isabelle de Chalon-Arlay
(d.1359)
1309
three children  | February 1349
aged 48-49 |
Edward the Liberal |  | 8 February 1284
Baugé
Second son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé | 16 October 1323 – 4 November 1329 | County of Savoy | Blanche of Burgundy
18 October 1307
Château de Montbard
one daughter  | 4 November 1329
Gentilly
aged 45 | Left no male descendants. He was succeeded by his brother.
Aymon the Peaceful |  | 15 December 1291
Chambéry
Third son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé | 4 November 1329 – 22 June 1343 | County of Savoy | Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat
1 May 1330
Casale
five children  | 22 June 1343
Montmélian
aged 51 | During his reign, he had his rule contested by his niece:

* Joan of Savoy, daughter of Edward and Blanche of Burgundy. She had the support of her husband, John III, Duke of Brittany. By agreement, settled by John II of France, on 22 November 1339, she renounced her rights of succession in return for an annual income of 6,000 livres.[5]

James |  | January 1315
Pinerolo
Son of Philip and Catherine de la Tour du Pin | 25 September 1334 – 17 May 1367 | Lordship of Piedmont | Beatrice d'Este
(d.1339)
1338
no children

Sibylle de Baux
(d.1361)
9 June 1339
one child

Margaret of Beaujeu [it]
16 July 1362
two children  | 17 May 1367
Pinerolo
aged 52 |
Regency of Louis II, Baron of Vaud and Amadeus III, Count of Geneva (1343-1349) |
Amadeus VI the Green |  | 4 January 1334
Chambéry
Son of Aymon and Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat | 22 June 1343 – 1 March 1383 | County of Savoy | Bonne of Bourbon
1355
Paris
two children  | 1 March 1383
Naples
aged 49
Catherine |  | 1324
Daughter of Louis II and Isabelle de Chalon-Arlay | February 1349 – 1359 | Barony of Vaud | Azzone Visconti
1331
one child

Raoul II of Brienne, Count of Eu
1340
no children

William I, Marquis of Namur
March 1352
three children  | 18 June 1388
aged 63-64 | In 1359, indebted, she sold the barony to the Count of Savoy, who united Vaud to the rest of the Savoyard possessions.
Vaud re-merged in Savoy
Regency of Margaret of Beaujeu [it] (1367-1377) | In the beginning of his rule, his mother's regency was contested by a pretender:

* Philip (II) of Piedmont (1367-1368), son of James and Sibylle de Baux, was the original heir, but was disinherited by his father, after warring with his cousin, Amadeus VI, Count of Savoy. He fought Margaret, who sought for help from the Count of Savoy. Amadeus VI captured the rebel in Fossano in 1368.

Amadeus of Piedmont left no male heirs, and was succeeded by his brother Louis.

Amadeus |  | 1363
Pinerolo
First son of James and Margaret of Beaujeu [it] | 17 May 1367 – 7 May 1402 | Lordship of Piedmont | Catherine of Geneva
22 September 1380
Duingt Castle [fr]
four children  | 7 May 1402
Pinerolo
aged 38-39
Regency of Bonne of Bourbon (1383-1384) |
Amadeus VII the Red |  | 24 February 1360
Avigliana
Son of Amadeus VI and Bonne of Bourbon | 1 March 1383 – 1 November 1391 | County of Savoy | Bonne of Berry
18 January 1377
Paris
three children  | 1 November 1391
Château de Ripaille [fr]
aged 31
Regency of Bonne of Bourbon and Odon de Villars [fr] (1391-1398) | Abdicated in 1440 to join clergy. Between 1439 and 1449, he was also Antipope Felix V.
Amadeus VIII the Peaceful |  | 4 September 1383
Chambéry
Son of Amadeus VII and Bonne of Berry | 1 November 1391 – 6 January 1440 | County of Savoy
(until 1416)

Duchy of Savoy
(from 1416) | Mary of Burgundy
11 November 1386
Sluis
nine children  | 7 January 1451
Château de Ripaille [fr]
aged 67
Louis |  | 1364
Pinerolo
Second son of James and Margaret of Beaujeu [it] | 7 May 1402 – 11 December 1418 | Lordship of Piedmont | Bona of Savoy [it]
24 January 1403
no children  | 11 December 1418
Pinerolo
aged 53-54 | Founded, in 1405, the University of Turin. Left no legitimate male heirs. After his death Piedmont reverted to Savoy.
Piedmont annexed to Savoy
Louis the Generous |  | 21 February 1413
Geneva
Fourth son of Amadeus VIII and Mary of Burgundy | 6 January 1440 – 29 January 1465 | Duchy of Savoy
(at Savoy proper) | Anne of Cyprus
1 November 1433 (or 12 February 1434)
Chambéry
seventeen children  | 29 January 1465
Lyon
aged 51 | Children of Amadeus VIII, divided their inheritance. After Philip's death Geneva returned to Savoy.
Philip [it] |  | 1417
Château de Ripaille [fr]
Fifth son of Amadeus VIII and Mary of Burgundy | 6 January 1440 – 3 March 1444 | Duchy of Savoy
(at Geneva) | Unmarried | 3 March 1444
Annecy
aged 67
Amadeus IX the Saint |  | 1 February 1435
Thonon-les-Bains
First son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | 29 January 1465 – 30 March 1472 | Duchy of Savoy
(at Savoy proper) | Yolande of Valois
1452
ten children  | 30 March 1472
Vercelli
aged 37  | Children of Louis, divided their inheritance. Louis became King of Cyprus jure uxoris in 1459. In 1476, Jacques returned his barony to the main duchy.
Louis |  | 5 June 1436
Geneva
Second son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | 29 January 1465 – August 1482 | County of Geneva | Annabella of Scotland
14 December 1444
Stirling Castle
no children

Charlotte, Queen of Cyprus
7 October 1459
one child  | August 1482
Ripaille
aged 46
Jacques |  | 12 November 1450
Geneva
Ninth son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | 29 January 1465 – 1476 | Duchy of Savoy
(at Vaud) | Marie I, Countess of Saint-Pol and Soissons
1484
one child  | 30 June 1486
Château de Ham
aged 67
Regency of Yolande of Valois (1472-1479) |
Philibert I the Hunter |  | 17 August 1465
Chambéry
Third son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois | 30 March 1472 – 22 September 1482 | Duchy of Savoy | Bianca Maria Sforza
January 1474
no children  | 22 September 1482
Lyon
aged 17
Janus [fr] |  | 8 November 1440
Geneva
Fifth son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | August 1482 – 22 December 1491 | County of Geneva | Helena of Luxembourg
(d.1488)1465
one child

Madeleine de de Brosse
1488
no children  | 22 December 1491
Annecy
aged 51 | Brother of Louis. Left no male descendants. Geneva returned to Savoy.
Geneva returned to Savoy
Charles I the Warrior |  | 28 March 1468
Carignano
Fifth son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois | 22 September 1482 – 13 March 1490 | Duchy of Savoy | Blanche of Montferrat
1 April 1485
two children  | 13 March 1490
Pinerolo
aged 21 |
Regency of Blanche of Montferrat (1490-1496) | Died as a child. Despite his sister being the heiress, the Duchy passed to his uncle Philip.
Charles II the Child |  | 23 June 1489
Turin
Son of Charles I and Blanche of Montferrat | 13 March 1490 – 16 April 1496 | Duchy of Savoy | Unmarried | 16 April 1496
Moncalieri
aged 6
Philip II the Landless |  | 4 February 1438
Chambéry
Fifth son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | 30 March 1472 – 22 September 1482 | Duchy of Savoy | Marguerite de Bourbon
6 April 1472
Moulins
three children

Claudine de Brosse
11 November 1485
Moulins
six children  | 7 November 1497
Chambéry
aged 59 |
Philibert II the Handsome[e] |  | 10 April 1480
Pont-d'Ain
Son of Philip II and Margaret of Bourbon | 7 November 1497 – 10 September 1504 | Duchy of Savoy | Yolande Louise of Savoy
1496
no children

Margaret of Austria
2 December 1501
Romainmôtier
no children  | 10 September 1504
Pont-d'Ain
aged 24 |
Charles III the Good |  | 10 October 1486
Chazey-sur-Ain
First son of Philip II and Claudine de Brosse | 10 September 1504 – 17 August 1553 | Duchy of Savoy | Beatrice of Portugal
29 September 1521
Villefranche-sur-Mer
nine children  | 17 August 1553
Vercelli
aged 66 | Brothers and sisters of Philibert II, expanded the Savoyard domain. Philiberta, as widow of the Duke of Nemours, inherited this duchy and passed it to her sister Louise, who adicated to her brother Philip. Charles gave to his brother Philip the County of Geneva, to which he annexed also the Duchy of Nemours. In contrast, Savoy itself lost some important lands. Vaud, for example, was sold to Switzerland in 1536.
Philip |  | 1490
Bourg-en-Bresse
Third son of Philip II and Claudine de Brosse | 14 August 1514 – 25 November 1533 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours since 1528) | Charlotte of Orléans-Longueville
(1512-1549)
October 1528
two children  | 25 November 1533
Marseille
aged 66
Philiberta [it] |  | 1487
Daughter of Philip II and Claudine de Brosse | 17 March 1516 – 4 April 1524 | Duchy of Nemours | Giuliano de' Medici, Duke of Nemours
22 February 1515
Paris
no children  | 4 April 1524
Virieu
aged 36-37
Louise |  | 11 September 1476
Pont-d'Ain
Daughter of Philip II and Margaret of Bourbon | 4 April 1524 – 22 December 1528 | Duchy of Nemours | Charles, Count of Angoulême
16 February 1488
Paris
two children  | 22 September 1531
Grez-sur-Loing
aged 55
Regency of Charlotte of Orléans-Longueville (1533-1549) |
Jacques |  | 12 October 1531
Vauluisant
Son of Philip and Charlotte of Orléans-Longueville | 25 November 1533 – 18 June 1585 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Anna d'Este
29 April 1566
four children  | 18 June 1585
Annecy
aged 53
Emmanuel Philibert the Iron-headed |  | 8 July 1528
Chambéry
Son of Charles III and Beatrice of Portugal | 17 August 1553 – 30 August 1580 | Duchy of Savoy | Margaret of France
9 July 1559
Saint-Paul's Church, Paris
one child  | 30 August 1580
Turin
aged 52 |
Charles Emmanuel I the Great[f] |  | 12 January 1562
Castle of Rivoli
Son of Emmanuel Philibert and Margaret of France | 30 August 1580 – 26 July 1630 | Duchy of Savoy | Catalina Micaela of Spain
18 March 1585
Zaragoza
ten children  | 26 July 1630
Savigliano
aged 68 |
Charles Emmanuel |  | 12 February 1567
Nanteuil-le-Haudouin
First son of Jacques and Anna d'Este | 15 June 1585 – 13 August 1595 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Unmarried | 13 August 1595
Annecy
aged 28 |
Henry I |  | 2 November 1572
Paris
Second son of Jacques and Anna d'Este | 13 August 1595 – 10 July 1632 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Anna of Lorraine-Aumale [fr]
18 April 1618
four children  | 10 July 1632
Paris
aged 59 | Through his marriage, Henry inherits the Duchy of Aumale, which was recovered for her by France after being confiscated from her father.
Victor Amadeus I the Lion of Susa |  | 8 May 1587
Turin
Second son of Charles Emmanuel I and Catalina Micaela of Spain | 26 July 1630 – 7 October 1637 | Duchy of Savoy | Christine Marie of France
10 February 1619
Louvre Palace
eight children  | 7 October 1637
Turin
aged 50 | Children of Charles Emmanuel, divided their inheritance.
Thomas Francis |  | 21 December 1596
Turin
Fifth son of Charles Emmanuel I and Catalina Micaela of Spain | 26 July 1630[6] – 22 January 1656 | Principality of Carignano | Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons
14 April 1625
Paris
seven children  | 22 January 1656
Turin
aged 59
Louis I |  | 1615
Paris
First son of Henry I and Anna of Lorraine-Aumale [fr] | 10 July 1632 – 16 September 1641 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Unmarried | 16 September 1641
Aire-sur-la-Lys
aged 20-21 | Left no children. The inheritance passed to his brother.
Regency of Christine Marie of France (1637-1638) | Died as a child. He was succeeded by his brother.
Francis Hyacinth |  | 14 September 1632
Castello del Valentino
Second son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France | 7 October 1637 – 4 October 1638 | Duchy of Savoy | Unmarried | 4 October 1638
Castello del Valentino
aged 6
Regency of Christine Marie of France (1638-1663) |
Charles Emmanuel II |  | 20 June 1634
Turin
Third son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France | 4 October 1638 – 12 June 1675 | Duchy of Savoy | Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans
4 March 1663
Louvre Palace
no children

Marie Jeanne, Countess of Geneva
10 May 1665
Turin
one child  | 12 June 1675
Turin
aged 40
Charles Amadeus |  | 12 April 1624
Paris
Second son of Henry I and Anna of Lorraine-Aumale [fr] | 16 September 1641 – 30 July 1652 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Élisabeth de Bourbon
11 July 1643
Louvre Palace
six children  | 30 July 1652
Paris
aged 28 | Left no male children. The inheritance passed to his brother.
Henry II |  | 7 November 1625
Paris
Third son of Henry I and Anna of Lorraine-Aumale [fr] | 30 July 1652 – 4 January 1659 | County of Geneva
(with Duchy of Nemours) | Marie of Orléans-Longueville
22 May 1657
Trie
no children  | 4 January 1659
Paris
aged 33 | Left the ecclesiastical career (and his post as Archbishop of Reims) to succeed his brother. Henry left no children. After his death, Geneva was inherited by his niece, succession not recognized in Nemours, which led to its annexation to France.
Nemours annexed to France
Emmanuel Philibert the Mute |  | 20 August 1628
Moûtiers
First son of Thomas Francis and Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons | 22 January 1656 – 23 April 1709 | Principality of Carignano | Maria Caterina d'Este
11 November 1684
Castle of Racconigi
four children  | 23 April 1709
Palazzo Carignano
aged 80 | Children of Thomas Francis, divided their patrimony. Emmanuel inherited Carignano, and his brother Eugene the County of Soissons.
Eugene Maurice |  | 2 March 1635
Chambéry
Fourth son of Thomas Francis and Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons | 22 January 1656 – 6 June 1673 | County of Soissons | Olympia Mancini
24 February 1657
eight children  | 6 June 1673
Unna
aged 38
Marie Jeanne |  | 11 April 1644
Paris
Daughter of Charles Amadeus and Élisabeth de Bourbon | 4 January 1659 – 15 March 1724 | County of Geneva | Charles Emmanuel II
10 May 1665
Turin
one child  | 15 March 1724
Palazzo Madama, Turin
aged 79 | Heir of Geneva, Aumale and other teritoies but not of Nemours, annexed to France. In 1686, she sold Aumale to Louis Auguste de Bourbon. The county of Geneva passed to her son, the Duke of Savoy.
Geneva inherited by Savoy
Louis Thomas |  | 15 December 1657
Paris
Son of Eugene Maurice and Olympia Mancini | 6 June 1673 – 14 August 1702 | County of Soissons | Uranie de la Cropte de Beauvais
(1655-1717)
24 February 1657
six children  | 14 August 1702
near Landau
aged 44 |
Regency of Marie Jeanne, Countess of Geneva (1675-1684) | In 1720, he conquered the island-kingdom of Sardinia, but ruled it from Turin.
Victor Amadeus II |  | 14 May 1666
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel II and Marie Jeanne, Countess of Geneva | 12 June 1675 – 17 February 1720

17 February 1720 – 3 September 1730 | Duchy of Savoy

Kingdom of Sardinia | Anne Marie d'Orléans
10 April 1684
Versailles
six children

Anna Canalis di Cumiana
12 August 1730
Chapel of the Holy Shroud
(morganatic)
no children  | 31 October 1732
Castle of Rivoli
aged 66
Thomas Emmanuel |  | 8 December 1687
Paris
Fourth son of Thomas Francis and Marie de Bourbon, Countess of Soissons | 14 August 1702 – 28 December 1729 | County of Soissons | Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein, Duchess of Opava
24 October 1713
Vienna
one child  | 28 December 1729
Vienna
aged 42 |
Victor Amadeus I |  | 1 March 1690
Turin
Son of Emmanuel Philibert and Maria Caterina d'Este | 23 April 1709 – 4 April 1741 | Principality of Carignano | Maria Vittoria of Savoy
7 November 1714
Moncalieri Castle
five children  | 4 April 1741
Turin
aged 51 |
Regency of Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein (1729-1732) | After his death with no descendants, Soissons returned to the Crown of France.
Eugene John |  | 23 September 1714
Vienna
Son of Thomas Emmanuel and Maria Theresia of Liechtenstein | 28 December 1729 – 23 November 1734 | County of Soissons | Unmarried | 23 November 1734
Mannheim
aged 20
Soissons annexed to France
Charles Emmanuel III |  | 27 April 1701
Turin
Son of Victor Amadeus II and Anne Marie d'Orléans | 3 September 1730 – 20 February 1773 | Kingdom of Sardinia | Anne Christine of Sulzbach
15 March 1722
one child

Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg
20 August 1724
six children

Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine
5 March 1737
three children  | 20 February 1773
Turin
aged 72 |
Louis Victor |  | 25 September 1721
Hôtel de Soissons
Son of Victor Amadeus I and Maria Vittoria of Savoy | 4 April 1741 – 16 December 1778 | Principality of Carignano | Christine Henriette of Hesse-Rotenburg
12 April 1842
Palazzina di Caccia di Stupinigi
eight children  | 16 December 1778
Palazzo Carignano
aged 57 |
Victor Amadeus III |  | 26 June 1726
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel III and Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg | 20 February 1773 – 16 October 1796 | Kingdom of Sardinia | Maria Antonia of Spain
31 May 1750
twelve children  | 16 October 1796
Moncalieri
aged 70 |
Victor Amadeus II |  | 31 October 1743
Palazzo Carignano
Son of Louis Victor and Christine Henriette of Hesse-Rotenburg | 16 December 1778 – 10 September 1780 | Principality of Carignano | Joséphine of Lorraine
18 October 1768
Oulx
one child  | 10 September 1780
Turin
aged 36 |
Regency of Joséphine of Lorraine (1780-1788) |
Charles Emmanuel |  | 24 October 1770
Palazzo Carignano
Son of Victor Amadeus II and Joséphine of Lorraine | 10 September 1780 – 16 August 1800 | Principality of Carignano | Maria Christina of Saxony
24 October 1797
Tuin
two children  | 16 August 1800
Paris
aged 29
Charles Emmanuel IV |  | 24 May 1751
Turin
First son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia of Spain | 16 October 1796 – 4 June 1802 | Kingdom of Sardinia | Marie Clotilde of France
27 August 1775
no children  | 6 October 1819
Rome
aged 68 | Left no children. He was succeeded by his brother.
Victor Emmanuel I |  | 24 July 1759
Turin
Third son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia of Spain | 4 June 1802 – 12 March 1821 | Kingdom of Sardinia | Maria Teresa of Austria-Este
21 April 1789
seven children  | 10 January 1824
Moncalieri
aged 65 | Left no children. He was succeeded by his brother.
Charles Felix |  | 6 April 1765
Turin
Fifth son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonia of Spain | 12 March 1821 – 27 April 1831 | Kingdom of Sardinia | Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily
7 March 1807
no children  | 27 April 1831
Turin
aged 66 | Left no children. He was succeeded by his cousin.
Regency of Maria Christina of Saxony (1800-1816) | After his cousin's death with no descendants, the Carignano branch inherited the main Kingdom of Sardinia.
Charles Albert |  | 2 October 1798
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano and Maria Christina of Saxony | 16 August 1800 – 27 April 1831  | Principality of Carignano | Maria Theresa of Austria
30 September 1817
Florence
three children  | 28 July 1849
Porto
aged 50
27 April 1831 – 23 March 1849 | Kingdom of Sardinia
(Carignano branch)
Victor Emmanuel II the Gallant |  | 14 March 1820
Palazzo Carignano
Son of Charles Albert and Maria Theresa of Austria | 23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861

17 March 1861 – 9 January 1878 | Kingdom of Sardinia
(Carignano branch)

Kingdom of Italy | Adelaide of Austria
12 April 1842
Palazzina di Caccia di Stupinigi
eight children

Rosa Vercellana
18 October 1869
Pisa
(morganatic)
two children  | 9 January 1878
Quirinal Palace
aged 57 | Acquired land in Lombardy–Venetia and the Papal States, uniting most of the Italian Peninsula.
Umberto I the Good[7] |  | 14 March 1844
Turin
Son of Victor Emmanuel II and Adelaide of Austria | 9 January 1878 – 29 July 1900 | Kingdom of Italy | Margherita of Savoy
22 Apil 1868
Turin
one child  | 29 July 1900
Monza
aged 56 | Acquired land in modern-day Eritrea and Somalia, being the first Italian King to have a colonial empire. Died assassinated.
Victor Emmanuel III |  | 11 November 1869
Naples
Son of Umberto I and Margherita of Savoy | 29 July 1900 – 9 May 1946 | Kingdom of Italy | Elena of Montenegro
21 October 1896
Bari
five children  | 28 December 1947
Alexandria
aged 78 | Acquired land in Libya, South Tyrol, and the Istria during World War I. Reigned during the Fascist Period, while also gaining a bit more land in Libya and occupied Ethiopia. He reigned during World War II, in which he surrendered to the Allies. Abdicated in favor of his son, Umberto in 1946 before departing to Egypt.
Umberto II the May King |  | 15 September 1904
Racconigi
Son of Victor Emmanuel III and Elena of Montenegro | 9 May – 12 June 1946 | Kingdom of Italy | Marie-José of Belgium the May Queen
8 January 1930
Quirinal Palace
four children  | 18 March 1983
Geneva
aged 78 | The last King of Italy. On 2 June, the Italians voted for a Republic, and the Monarchy was abolished on 12 June.[8]

## Pretenders to the throne

[edit]

Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

|
|
|
|
|

Umberto II |  | 15 September 1904  | 18 March 1983  | 9 May 1946[9] | 18 March 1983

### Disputed Claimants

[edit]

After the death of Umberto II in 1983, Prince Vittorio Emanuele succeeded him. On 7 July 2006, Amadeo claimed that Vittorio Emanuel had lost his royal rights when he married without Umberto II's permission in 1971, in which Amadeo declared himself the Head of the Royal House on the same day.

#### Descendants of Umberto II

[edit]

Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

|
|
|
|
|

Vittorio Emanuele |  | 12 February 1937  | 3 February 2024  | 18 March 1983  | 3 February 2024
Emanuele Filiberto |  | 22 June 1972  | Still living | 3 February 2024  | Still claims the throne

#### Descendants of Amadeo I of Spain

[edit]

Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

|
|
|
|
|

Prince Amedeo |  | 27 September 1943  | 1 June 2021  | 7 July 2006  | 1 June 2021
Prince Aimone |  | 13 October 1967  | Still living | 1 June 2021  | Still claims the throne

## See also

[edit]

* House of Savoy
* History of Savoy
* List of consorts of Savoy
* County of Savoy
* Duchy of Savoy
* Kingdom of Sardinia
* List of monarchs of Sardinia
* List of Sardinian consorts
* Kingdom of Italy
* King of Italy
* List of Italian queens

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Duchy ruled successively by Évreux (1404–1504), Foix (1507–1512) and Medici families (1515–1516)
2. ^ Between 1271 and 1285, Vaud was briefly annexed to the main county of Savoy.
3. ^ Alternatively nicknamed the Fat.
4. ^ Alternatively nicknamed the Ghibelline.
5. ^ Alternatively nicknamed the Good.
6. ^ Alternatively nicknamed The Hot-headed.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Hearder, Harry (2002). Italy: A Short History.
2. ^ ES XI 156 (Das Haus Savoyen I).
3. ^ Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Scriptores (in Folio) (SS), tomus XXIII, Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium, anno 1222, pag 912 (in Latin).
4. ^ Guichenon 1660, pp. 258–259
5. ^ Cox 1967, pp. 53–55.
6. ^ Officially ruling sicne 29 Apil 1620, during his father's lifetime
7. ^ Strangely, the numbering of Humberts restarted, while the Victor Emmanuel's counting followed the one from the Duchy of Savoy.
8. ^ "The Last King of Italy". Italy Segreta. 2023-03-17. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
9. ^ Umberto II also became King of Italy in the same day.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Cox, Eugene L. (1967). The Green Count of Savoy. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press. LCCN 67-11030.
* Guichenon, Samuel (1660). "Noblesse romain". Histoire généalogique de la royale maison de Savoie ou Histoire généalogique de la royale maison de Savoie justifiée par titres, fondations de monastères, manuscrits, anciens monumens, histoires, et autres preuves authentiques (in French). Vol. I. Jean-Michel Briolo.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rulers of Savoy.

* Savoy Genealogy