Counts and dukes of Savoy

Titles of nobility

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Greater coat of arms of the King of Italy (1890 - 1946)

The titles of the Count of Savoy, and then Duke of Savoy, are titles of nobility attached to the historical territory of Savoy. Since its creation, in the 11th century, the House of Savoy held the county. Several of these rulers ruled as kings at one point in history or another.

The County of Savoy was elevated to a duchy at the beginning of the 15th century, bringing together all the territories of the Savoyard state and having Amadeus VIII as its first duke.[1] In the 18th century, Duke Victor Amadeus II annexed the Kingdom of Sardinia to the historical possessions of the Duchy, and from then on, the Savoyard dukes also held the title of Kings of Sardinia. The House of Savoy later went on to rule the Kingdom of Italy from 1861 to 1946 when the monarchy was abolished.

Victor Amadeus II was the longest reigning monarch of Savoy, followed by Charles Emmanuel I, and Charles III or Amadeus VIII.

## Italy before the Unification

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### Counts of Savoy

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Name  | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death

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Humbert I
1003-1047/1048  |  | c. 980
Maurienne | Ancilla
c. 995/1000
four sons  | c. 1047/1048
Hermillon
aged around 68
Amadeus I
1047/1048-1052  |  | c. 1016
eldest son of Humbert I and Ancilla  | Adila
1030
three children  | c. 1052

aged around 36

Otto
1052-1057  |  | c. 1010/1020
fourth son of Humbert I and Ancilla  | Adelaide of Susa
1046
five children  | c. 1057
aged 47-57
Peter I
1060-1078  |  | c. 1048
eldest son of Otto and Adelaide of Susa | Agnes of Aquitaine
1064
two daughters  | 9 July 1078
aged 29-30
Amadeus II
1078-1080  |  | c. 1050
second son of Otto and Adelaide of Susa | Joan of Geneva
c. 1065
several children  | 26 January 1080
aged 29-30
Humbert II
1080-1103  |  | c. 1065
Carignano
son of Amadeus II and Joan of Geneva | Gisela of Burgundy
1090
seven children  | 14 October 1103
Moûtiers
aged 37-38
Amadeus III
1103-1148  |  | c. 1095
Carignano
eldest son of Humbert II and Gisela of Burgundy | (1) Adelaide
1120/23
no issue
(2) Mahaut of Albon
July 1134/1135
ten children  | April 1148
Nicosia
aged 52-53
Humbert III
1148-1189  |  | 4 August 1136
Avigliana
eldest son of Amadeus III and Mahaut of Albon | (1) Faidiva of Toulouse
c. 1151
no issue
(2) Gertrude of Flanders
1155
no issue
(3) Clementia of Zähringen
1164
two daughters
(4) Beatrice of Viennois
1175/77
one son  | 4 March 1189
Chambéry
aged 52
Thomas I
1189-1233  |  | 27 May 1178
Aiguebelle
only son of Humbert III and Beatrice of Viennois | Margaret of Geneva
May 1196
fourteen children  | 1 March 1233
Moncalieri
aged 54
Amadeus IV
1233-1253  |  | 1197
Montmélian
eldest son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | (1) Margaret of Burgundy
c 1217
two daughters
(2) Cecile of Baux
1244
four children  | 24 June 1253
Montmélian
aged 55-56
Boniface
1253-1263  |  | December 1244
Chambéry
only son of Amadeus IV and Cecile of Baux | never married | June 1263
Turin
aged 18
Peter II
1263-1268  |  | 1203
Susa
seventh son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | Agnes of Faucigny
1236
one daughter  | 15 May 1268
Château de Chillon or Pierre-Châtel
aged 66
Philip I
1268-1285  |  | 1207
Aiguebelle
eighth son of Thomas I and Margaret of Geneva | Adelaide, Countess of Burgundy
12 June 1267
no issue  | 16 August 1285
Roussillon, Isère
aged 78
Amadeus V
1285-1323  |  | 1249-1253
Le Bourget-du-Lac
second son of Thomas II, Count of Piedmont and Beatrice Fieschi  | (1) Sybille of Bâgé
5 July 1272
eight children
(2) Marie of Brabant
1297
four children  | 16 October 1323
Avignon
aged 69-74
Edward
1323-1329  |  | 8 February 1284
Baugé
second son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé | Bianca of Burgundy
18 October 1307
Château de Montbard
one daughter  | 4 November 1329
Gentilly
aged 45
Aymon
1329-1343  |  | 15 December 1291
Chambéry
youngest son of Amadeus V and Sybille of Bâgé | Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat
1 May 1330
Casale
five children  | 22 June 1343
Montmélian
aged 51
Amadeus VI
1343-1383  |  | 4 January 1334
Chambéry
eldest son of Aymon and Yolande Palaeologina of Montferrat | Bonne of Bourbon
1355
Paris
two children  | 1 March 1383
Naples
aged 49
Amadeus VII
1383-1391  |  | 24 February 1360
Avigliana
eldest son of Amadeus VI and Bonne of Bourbon | Bonne of Berry
18 January 1377
Paris
three children  | 1 November 1391
Château de Ripaille
aged 31
Amadeus VIII
1391-1416  |  | 4 September 1383
Chambéry
eldest son of Amadeus VII and Bonne of Berry | Mary of Burgundy
11 November 1386
Sluis
nine children  | 7 January 1451
Château de Ripaille
aged 67

### Dukes of Savoy

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Name | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death

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Amadeus VIII
1416-1440  |  | 4 September 1383
Chambéry
eldest son of Amadeus VII and Bonne of Berry | Mary of Burgundy
11 November 1386
Sluis
nine children  | 7 January 1451
Château de Ripaille
aged 67
Louis
1440-1465  |  | 21 February 1413
Geneva
fourth son of Amadeus VIII and Mary of Burgundy | Anne of Cyprus
1 November 1433 (or 12 February 1434)
Chambéry
seventeen children  | 29 January 1465
Lyon
aged 51
Amadeus IX
1465-1472  |  | 1 February 1435
Thonon-les-Bains
eldest son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | Yolande of Valois
1452
ten children  | 30 March 1472
Vercelli
aged 37
Philibert I
1472-1482  |  | 17 August 1465
Chambéry
third son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois | Bianca Maria Sforza
January 1474
no issue  | 22 September 1482
Lyon
aged 17
Charles I
1482-1490  |  | 28 March 1468
Carignano
fifth son of Amadeus IX and Yolande of Valois | Blanche of Montferrat
1 April 1485
two children  | 13 March 1490
Pinerolo
aged 21
Charles II
1490-1496  |  | 23 June 1489
Turin
only son of Charles I and Blanche of Montferrat | never married | 16 April 1496
Moncalieri
aged 6
Philip II
1496-1497  |  | 4 February 1438
Chambéry
fifth son of Louis and Anne of Cyprus | (1) Marguerite de Bourbon
6 April 1472
Moulins
three children
(2) Claudine de Brosse
11 November 1485
Moulins
six children  | 7 November 1497
Chambéry
aged 59
Philibert II
1497-1504  |  | 10 April 1480
Pont-d'Ain
only son of Philip II and Marguerite de Bourbon | (1) Yolande Louise of Savoy
1496
no issue
(2) Margaret of Austria
2 December 1501
Romainmôtier
no issue  | 10 September 1504
Pont-d'Ain
aged 24
Charles III
1504-1553  |  | 10 October 1486
Chazey-sur-Ain
eldest son of Philip II and Claudine de Brosse | Beatrice of Portugal
29 September 1521
Villefranche-sur-Mer
nine children  | 17 August 1553
Vercelli
aged 66
Emmanuel Philibert
1553-1580  |  | 8 July 1528
Chambéry
third son of Charles III and Beatrice of Portugal | Margaret of France
9 July 1559
Saint-Paul's Church, Paris
one son  | 30 August 1580
Turin
aged 52
Charles Emmanuel I
1580-1630  |  | 12 January 1562
Castle of Rivoli
only son of Emmanuel Philibert and Margaret of France | Catherine Michelle of Spain
18 March 1585
Zaragoza
ten children  | 26 July 1630
Savigliano
aged 68
Victor Amadeus I
1630-1637  |  | 8 May 1587
Turin
second son of Charles Emmanuel I and Catherine Michelle of Spain | Christine Marie of France
10 February 1619
Louvre Palace
eight children  | 7 October 1637
Turin
aged 50
Francis Hyacinth
1637-1638  |  | 14 September 1632
Castello del Valentino
second son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France | never married | 4 October 1638
Castello del Valentino
aged 6
Charles Emmanuel II
1638-1675  |  | 20 June 1634
Turin
third son of Victor Amadeus I and Christine Marie of France | (1) Françoise Madeleine d'Orléans
4 March 1663
Louvre Palace
no issue

(2) Marie Jeanne of Savoy
10 May 1665
Turin
one son

| 12 June 1675
Turin
aged 40
Victor Amadeus II
1675-1730  |  | 14 May 1666
Royal Palace of Turin
only son of Charles Emmanuel II and Marie Jeanne of Savoy | (1) Anne Marie d'Orléans
10 April 1684
Palace of Versailles
Six Children
(2) Anna Canalis di Cumiana
12 August 1730
Chapel of the Holy Shroud
No Issue  | 31 October 1732
Castle of Rivoli
aged 66

### Kings of Sardinia

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Main article: List of monarchs of Sardinia

Main article: King of Sardinia

Name  | Portrait  | Birth  | Marriage(s)  | Death

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Victor Amadeus II
17 February 1720 – 3 September 1730

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14 May 1666
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy and Marie Jeanne of Savoy

1) Anne Marie d'Orléans
10 April 1684
Versailles
Six children

(2) Anna Canalis di Cumiana
12 August 1730
Chapel of the Holy Shroud
No Issue

31 October 1732
Castle of Rivoli
Aged 66

Charles Emmanuel III
3 September 1730 – 20 February 1773

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27 April 1701
Turin
Son of Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia and Anne Marie d'Orléans

Anne Christine of Sulzbach
15 March 1722
One child

Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg
20 August 1724
Six children

Elisabeth Therese of Lorraine
5 March 1737
Three children

20 February 1773
Turin
Aged 72

Victor Amadeus III
20 February 1773 – 16 October 1796

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26 June 1726
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia and Polyxena of Hesse-Rotenburg

Maria Antonietta of Spain
31 May 1750
12 children

16 October 1796
Moncalieri
aged 70

Charles Emmanuel IV
16 October 1796 – 4 June 1802

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24 May 1751
Turin
son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain

Marie Clotilde of France
27 August 1775
No children

6 October 1819
Rome
aged 68

Victor Emmanuel I
4 June 1802 – 12 March 1821

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24 July 1759
Turin
Son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain

Maria Teresa of Austria-Este
21 April 1789
7 children

10 January 1824
Moncalieri
Aged 65

Charles Felix
12 March 1821 – 27 April 1831

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6 April 1765
Turin
Son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Spain

Maria Cristina of Naples and Sicily
7 March 1807
No children

27 April 1831
Turin
aged 66

Charles Albert
27 April 1831 – 23 March 1849

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2 October 1798
Turin
Son of Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignan and Princess Maria Christina of Saxony

Maria Theresa of Austria
30 September 1817
3 children

28 July 1849
Porto
Aged 50

Victor Emmanuel II
23 March 1849 – 17 March 1861

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14 March 1820
Turin
Son of Charles Albert of Sardinia and Maria Theresa of Austria

Adelaide of Austria
12 April 1842
8 children

Rosa Vercellana
18 October 1869
2 children

9 January 1878
Rome
Aged 57

## Kings of the Kingdom of Italy

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Main article: King of Italy

Name  | Photo  | Life  | Became King  | Ceased to be King  | Coat of Arms  | Notes

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Victor Emmanuel II |  | 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878  | 17 March 1861  | 9 January 1878  |  | Son of Charles Albert. Acquired land in Lombardy–Venetia and the Papal States. Uniting most of the Italian Peninsula.
Umberto I |  | 14 March 1844 – 29 July 1900  | 9 January 1878  | 29 July 1900  |  | Son of Victor Emmanuel II. Acquired land in modern-day Eritrea and Somalia, being the first Italian King to have a colonial empire. Assassinated on 29 July 1900.
Victor Emmanuel III |  | 11 November 1869 – 28 December 1947  | 29 July 1900  | 9 May 1946  |  | Son of Umberto I. Acquired land in Libya, South Tyrol, and the Istria during World War I. Reigned during the Fascist Period, while also gaining a bit more land in Libya and occupied Ethiopia. He reigned during World War II, in which he surrendered to the Allies. Abdicated in favor of his son, Umberto in 1946 before departing to Egypt.
Umberto II |  | 15 September 1904 – 18 March 1983  | 9 May 1946  | 12 June 1946  |  | Son of Victor Emmanuel III. The last King of Italy. On 2 June, the Italians voted for a Republic, and the Monarchy was abolished on 12 June.[2]

## Pretenders to the throne

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Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

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Umberto II |  | 15 September 1904  | 18 March 1983  | 9 May 1946[3] | 18 March 1983

### Disputed Claimants

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After the death of Umberto II in 1983, Prince Vittorio Emanuele succeeded him. On 7 July 2006, Amadeo claimed that Vittorio Emanuel had lost his royal rights when he married without Umberto II's permission in 1971, in which Amadeo declared himself the Head of the Royal House on the same day.

#### Descendants of Umberto II

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Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

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Vittorio Emanuele |  | 12 February 1937  | 3 February 2024  | 18 March 1983  | 3 February 2024
Emanuele Filiberto |  | 22 June 1972  | Still living | 3 February 2024  | Still claims the throne

#### Descendants of Amadeo I of Spain

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Name  | Photo  | Birth  | Death  | Became Head  | Ceased to be Head

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Prince Amedeo |  | 27 September 1943  | 1 June 2021  | 7 July 2006  | 1 June 2021
Prince Aimone |  | 13 October 1967  | Still living | 1 June 2021  | Still claims the throne

## See also

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* House of Savoy
* History of Savoy
* List of consorts of Savoy
* County of Savoy
* Duchy of Savoy
* Kingdom of Sardinia
* List of monarchs of Sardinia
* List of Sardinian consorts
* Kingdom of Italy
* King of Italy
* List of Italian queens

## Notes

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## References

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1. ^ Hearder, Harry (2002). Italy: A Short History.
2. ^ "The Last King of Italy". Italy Segreta. 2023-03-17. Retrieved 2024-06-29.
3. ^ Umberto II also became King of Italy in the same day.

## External links

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rulers of Savoy.

* Savoy Genealogy