Crivina Power Station

Official name| Termocentrala de la Crivina
Country| Romania
Location| Crivina
Coordinates| 45°02′1.59″N 21°48′57.69″E﻿ / ﻿45.0337750°N 21.8160250°E﻿ / 45.0337750; 21.8160250
Status| Decommissioned
Construction began| 1976
Commission date| 1983
Decommission date| 1988
Owner| Termoelectrica
Thermal power station
Primary fuel| Oil shale
Power generation
Units decommissioned| 3 x 330 MW
Nameplate capacity| 990 MW

[edit on Wikidata]

The Crivina Power Station (Romanian: Termocentrala de la Crivina) was a large thermal power plant located in Crivina, near Anina in Caraș-Severin County. It had three generating units of 330 MW each, altogether having a total electricity generating capacity of 990 MW.[1][2] It was intended to be the first oil shale power station built in Romania.[3] The total cost of the oil shale power plant was around US$1 billion.[4] The Crivina Power Station was supplied with 4 million tonnes of oil shale per year from the nearby Anina Mine.[3]

## History

[edit]

This power plant works only for 76 hours in reality. At the beginning of the 1970s Nicolae Ceaușescu, then President of Romania, decided to build a large thermal power station in Caraș-Severin County to exploit the large oil shale deposits located in the area.[5] At first the power station was intended to be built in Ticvaniu Mic commune, now part of the Ticvaniu Mare commune, near Oraviţa but the chosen site had a very small water supply that was not sufficient for the power station.[5] In 1976 a new location was found at Crivina, located in the mountains near Anina. In 1983 the construction of the power station was complete and the first 330 MW electric power generation unit was put online. The turbine could not reach its highest potential capacity due to the low quality of the oil shale deposits.[5] The communist regime also built a town that was used to house the power station's workers. It was intended to have 10,000 inhabitants, and a part of Anina had to move to this new location to make way for oil shale surface mines.[5]

The first of the three power generation units was completed in 1983, and in 1984 generated its first electricity from burning oil shale.[4] The unit functioned only around 2000 hours per year between 1984 and 1988 until it was shut down, its main generator having broken down and was sent to Bucharest for repairs, only for it to be sent to Rovinari in 1990. Eventually between 2003 and 2009, most of the power station was demolished and slowly sold for scrap.[4] The station also had a 220 metres (720 ft) tall flue gas stack that was at the time Romania's second tallest.[4]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Direct Combustion of Oil Shale" (PDF). Pace Synthetic Fuels Report. 19 (1). The Pace Company Consultants & Engineers: 2. March 1982. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 3, 2023. Retrieved 2012-11-03.
2. ^ "Principalele referinte". Energomontaj (in Romanian). 2009. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
3. ^ a b "Anina - termocentrala muzeu". Adevarul (in Romanian). 2002. Retrieved 2010-09-17.
4. ^ a b c d Curiţa, Nina (2009-03-30). "Mult zgomot pentru nimic" [Much ado about nothing]. Caras Online (in Romanian). Retrieved 2010-09-17.
5. ^ a b c d "Orașul frigului". apropo.ro (in Romanian). 2001. Retrieved 2010-09-17.

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High capacity power stations in Romania

(more than 100 MW installed capacity)

Thermal|

| Coal and oil|

* Turceni \- 1,320 MW
* Rovinari \- 990 MW
* Ișalnița \- 315 MW
* Craiova II \- 300 MW
* Borzești II \- 250 MW
* Halânga \- 247 MW
* Oradea \- 205 MW
* Paroșeni \- 150 MW
* Giurgiu \- 150 MW
* Pitești Sud \- 136 MW
* Arad \- 112 MW
* Brașov \- 100 MW
* Suceava \- 100 MW

|

Natural gas|

* Petrom Brazi \- 860 MW
* Borzești \- 655 MW
* Bucharest South \- 550 MW
* Galați \- 535 MW
* Bucharest West \- 310 MW
* Iernut \- 300 MW
* Alum Tulcea \- 250 MW
* Fântânele \- 250 MW
* Buzău \- 207 MW
* Govora \- 200 MW
* Progresu \- 200 MW
* Iaşi I \- 150 MW
* Brazi II \- 150 MW
* Brazi \- 130 MW
* Grozăvești \- 100 MW
* Iaşi II \- 100 MW
* Holboca \- 100 MW
* Palas \- 100 MW
* Mintia-Deva

|

Hydroelectric|

* Iron Gate I \- 1,168 MW
* Tarnița – Lăpuștești \- 1,000 MW
* Iron Gate II \- 591 MW
* Lotru-Ciunget \- 510 MW
* Râul Mare \- 335 MW
* Mărișelu \- 221 MW
* Vidraru \- 220 MW
* Bicaz-Stejaru \- 210 MW
* Ruieni \- 153 MW
* Nehoiașu \- 152 MW
* Oașa \- 150 MW
* Șugag \- 150 MW
* Remeți \- 146 MW
* Brădișor \- 115 MW
* Tismana \- 106 MW

Nuclear|

* Cernavodă Nuclear Power Plant \- 1,300 MW

Wind farms|

* Sinus Holding \- 700 MW
* Fântânele-Cogealac \- 600 MW
* Blackstone \- 500 MW
* Deleni \- 500 MW
* Eolica Cogealac \- 448 MW
* Mărişelu \- 300 MW
* Eolica Săcele \- 252 MW
* Eolica Casimcea \- 244 MW
* Văcăreni \- 240 MW
* Verbund Casimcea \- 225 MW
* Green Energy \- 200 MW
* Pechea \- 150 MW
* Sabloal Valea Dacilor \- 147 MW
* EDP Cernavodă \- 138 MW
* Eolica Beidaud \- 128 MW
* Eolica Baia \- 126 MW
* Eolica Sarichioi \- 102 MW
* Gheorgheni \- 100 MW

Solar parks|

* Arad 1 \- 1044 MW
* CEF Nadab 1 \- 363 MW
* CEF Nadab 2 \- 302 MW
* CEF Bucșsani \- 221 MW
* CEF Corbii Mari \- 217 MW
* CEF Iepurești \- 165 MW
* Rătești  \- 155 MW
* CEF Vadeni 1 \- 145 MW
* CEF Vadeni 2 \- 145 MW
* CEF Calugăreni 2 \- 121 MW
* CEF Dobra \- 117 MW
* CEF Vacarești \- 108 MW

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