Crown of Simón Bolívar

Civic crown of Simón Bolívar

Crown of Simón Bolívar

Bolívar's corolla at the National Museum of Colombia

Details
Country| Peru
Colombia (Gran Colombia)
Made| c. 1825
Owner| Government of Colombia
Weight| 762 grams (26.9 ounces)[1]
Material| Gold
Notable stones| Baroque pearls & diamonds

The Crown of Simón Bolívar is a civic crown, or corolla, presented to Simón Bolívar by the people of Cusco in 1825. The crown is exhibited and preserved in the permanent collection of the National Museum of Colombia in Bogotá.

## History

[edit]

Upon entering the city of Cusco in 1825 Simon Bolivar was presented by Francisca Zubiaga y Bernales with a gold corolla after having defeated the Royalists in the Battle of Ayacucho.[2]

Bolívar declined the crown and instead proclaimed that it rightfully belonged to Antonio José de Sucre who also declined its ownership and, by choice, sent it to the Congress of Colombia which accepted it under legislative authority for the newly established national museum.[3]

In 1860, during the 1860-1862 Colombia Civil War, the crown was stolen from the National Museum of Colombia by supporters of the liberalist José María Obando. The crown was missing one of its baroque pearls when returned to the government.[4]

In 1889, the crown was initially placed in the vaults of the Banco Nacional, the then central bank of the United States of Colombia. Later that year, it was moved to the presidential residence where it remained in an iron safe until 1938 when it was once again re-located but this time to the vaults of the Bank of the Republic, the newly established central bank of the Republic of Colombia.[4]

On 9 April 1948, during the Bogotazo riots, the crown was safely removed by Teresa Cuervo Borda [es] wrapped in newspaper and transported via taxi away from the resulting chaos which left much of downtown Bogotá destroyed.[4]

Since June 2017, the crown has been on display at the National Museum of Colombia in a specially designed vault along with other works of jewelry belonging to the Colombian Institute of Anthropology and History.[3]

## Composition

[edit]

The crown, which measures 7.5 x 22 cm and weighs about 762 grams,[5] is adorned with 47 gold laurel leaves which give it the appearance of a laurel wreath, itself a symbol of triumph in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. The crown is adorned with 49 baroque pearls, 9 diamonds, 274 diamond sparkles, and 10 gold beads.[6]

The making of the crown is attributed to Native American goldsmith Chungapoma.[5]

## See also

[edit]

* Crown of José María Córdova

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "UN MUSEO LO ESPERA". eltiempo.com (in Spanish). Bogotá, Colombia: El Tiempo. 21 August 1998. Retrieved 7 October 2024.
2. ^ "La coronación del Libertador Simón Bolívar". www.eltiempo.com (in Spanish). Bogotá, Colombia: El Tiempo. 27 June 2010. Retrieved 23 October 2024.
3. ^ a b "La corona de Bolívar: nuevamente se exhibe en el Museo Nacional". banrepcultural.org (in Spanish). Bogotá, Colombia: Bank of the Republic. 21 July 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
4. ^ a b c "Además de la espada, otras reliquias de Bolívar que se encuentran en Bogotá". colombiavisible.com (in Spanish). Colombia Visible. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
5. ^ a b "Gold civic wreath offered by the people of Cuzco to the Liberator Simón Bolívar, Chungapoma, ca. 1825, 7.5 x 22 cm". icom.museum. International Council of Museums. Retrieved 22 August 2024.
6. ^ "Gold civic wreath offered by the people of Cuzco to the Liberator Simón Bolívar, Chungapoma, ca. 1825, 7.5 x 22 cm". monedasdevenezuela.com (in Spanish). Monedas de Venezuela. 20 August 2023. Retrieved 17 January 2025.

## External links

[edit]

* Google Arts & Culture

* v
* t
* e

Simón Bolívar

Family and contemporaries|

| Family|

* Parents: Juan Vicente Bolívar y Ponte [es], María de la Concepción Palacios y Blanco [es]
* Wife: María Teresa Rodríguez del Toro y Alaysa
* Siblings: María Antonia Bolívar Palacios [es], Juana Bolívar Palacios [es], Juan Vicente Bolívar Palacios [es]
* Slave: Hipólita Bolívar [es]

|

Contemporaries|

* Latin American: Francisco de Miranda, José de San Martín, Francisco de Paula Santander, José Antonio Páez, Andrés Bello, Simón Rodríguez
* North American: James Monroe, Andrew Jackson
* European: Napoleon, Marquis de Lafayette, George Canning, Alexander von Humboldt

Battles and wars|

* Venezuelan War of Independence (Spanish reconquest of New Granada (1815–16), Liberation of New Granada (1819–20), Battle of Boyacá (1819), Battle of Carabobo (1822))
* Ecuadorian War of Independence
* Peruvian War of Independence
* Bolivian War of Independence

Politics and ideology|

| Bolivarian canon|

* Cartagena Manifesto (1812)
* Jamaica Letter (1815)
* Angostura Address (1819)

|

Constitutions|

* Constitution of Bolivia (1826)
* Constitution of Peru (1826)

Legacy|

* Bolivarianism
* International Simón Bolívar Prize

Cultural depictions|

| Literature|

* The General in His Labyrinth (1989)

|

Films and television|

* Simón Bolívar (1942 film)
* Simón Bolívar (1969 film)
* Bolívar, a Tropical Symphony (1980 film)
* Bolívar soy yo (2002 film)
* Bolívar el héroe (2003 film)
* The Liberator (2013 film)
* Bolívar (2019 TV series)

Sculptures|

* Bust of Simón Bolívar, Houston, TX
* Simón Bolívar (Tadolini)
* Statue of Simón Bolívar, London
* Statue of Simón Bolívar, Washington, D.C.

Other|

* Birthplace of Simón Bolívar
* Crown of Simón Bolívar
* Quinta de Bolívar
* List of places and things named after Simón Bolivar

* v
* t
* e

Crowns

Albania|

* Helmet of Skanderbeg (Vienna)

Austria|

* Archducal hat of Austria (Klosterneuburg)
* Imperial Crown of Austria (Vienna)
* Brilliant Crown of Empress Elisabeth (de) (missing)
* Archducal hat of Tyrol (Mariastein)
* Ducal hat of Styria (Graz)
* Archducal hat of Joseph II (Vienna)

Bohemia|

* Crown of Saint Wenceslas (Prague)
* Crown of the Środa Treasure (Środa Śląska)

Brazil|

* Crown of Pedro I (Petrópolis)
* Imperial Crown of Brazil (Petrópolis)
* Coronet of the Imperial Prince of Brazil
* Coronet of Laurels of Princess Isabel

British Isles|

* Crown of Princess Blanche (Munich)
* Crown of Margaret of York (Aachen)
* Crown of Scotland (Edinburgh)
* St Edward's Crown (London)
* State Crown of Mary of Modena (London)
* Tudor Crown (destroyed)
* Crown of James I (destroyed)
* State Crown of Charles II (broken up)
* State Crown of George I (London)
* Coronet of Frederick, Prince of Wales (London)
* Coronation Crown of George IV (London)
* Diamond Diadem
* Crown of Queen Adelaide (London)
* Imperial State Crown (London)
* Small Diamond Crown of Queen Victoria (London)
* Crown of Queen Alexandra (London)
* Coronet of George, Prince of Wales (London)
* Crown of Queen Mary (London)
* Imperial Crown of India (London)
* Crown of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother (London)
* Coronet of Charles, Prince of Wales (London)

Bulgaria|

* Diamond Crown of Bulgaria (missing)

China|

* Futou
* Yishanguan
* Tongtianguan
* Mianguan

Colombia|

* Crown of the Andes (New York City)
* Crown of Simón Bolívar (Bogotá)
* Crown of José María Córdova (Rionegro)

Croatia|

* Crown of Zvonimir (missing)

Denmark|

* Crown of Christian IV (Copenhagen)
* Crown of Christian V (Copenhagen)
* Crown of the Queen (Copenhagen)

France|

* Crown of Charlemagne (destroyed)
* Crown of Saint Louis (destroyed)
* Crown of Henry IV (destroyed)
* Crown of Louis XV (Paris)
* Crown of Napoleon I (Paris)
* Crown of Napoleon III (destroyed)
* Crown of Empress Eugénie (Paris)

Germany|

* German State Crown (heraldic)
* Baden:
* Grand Ducal Crown of Baden (Karlsruhe)
* Bavaria:
* Royal Crown of Bavaria (Munich)
* Crown of the Queen of Bavaria (de) (Munich)
* Crown of Queen Therese of Bavaria (Munich)
* Brandenburg:
* Electoral Hat of Brandenburg (Berlin)
* Brunswick-Lüneburg:
* Ducal Crown of Brunswick-Lüneburg
* Hanover:
* Royal Crown of Hanover
* Mecklenburg:
* Wendish Crown (heraldic)
* Prussia:
* Crown of Frederick I (Berlin)
* Crown of Sophia Charlotte of Hanover (Berlin)
* Crown of Wilhelm I (missing)
* Crown of Queen Augusta (missing)
* Crown of Wilhelm II (Hohenzollern Castle)
* Saxony:
* Electoral Hat of Saxony (Dresden)
* Crown of Augustus II the Strong (Dresden)
* Funeral Crown of Augustus II the Strong (Dresden)
* Württemberg:
* Royal Crown of Württemberg (Stuttgart)

Greece|

* Crown of Greece (Athens)

Haiti|

* Crown of Faustin I

Hawaii|

* Crown of King Kalākaua (Honolulu)
* Crown of Queen Kapiʻolani (Honolulu)

Holy Roman
Empire|

* Imperial Crown of the Holy Roman Empire (Vienna)
* Iron Crown (Monza)
* Crown of Rudolf II (Vienna)
* Imperial Crowns of Charles VII (Munich)
* Essen Crown (Essen)
* Reliquary Crown of John the Baptist (Aachen)
* Reliquary Crown of Charlemagne (Aachen)
* Crown of Empress Cunigunde (de) (Munich)
* Lily Crown of Empress Cunigunde (Munich)
* Reliquary Crown of Henry II (Munich)
* Salian Funeral Crowns of Spires (Speyer)
* Reliquary Crown of Otto II (Halle (Saale))

Holy See|

* Papal tiaras
* Papier-mâché Tiara (Vatican City)
* Napoleon Tiara (Vatican City)
* Tiara of Pope Pius IX (1846) (Vatican City)
* Spanish Tiara (Vatican City)
* Tiara of Pope Pius IX (Notre Dame, Indiana)
* Palatine Tiara (Vatican City)
* Tiara of Pope John XXIII (Bergamo)
* Tiara of Pope Paul VI (Washington, D.C.)

Hungary|

* Holy Crown of Hungary (Budapest)
* Crown of Stephen Bocskai (Vienna)

Iran|

* Sasanian crowns
* Empress's Crown (Tehran)
* Kiani Crown (Tehran)
* Pahlavi Crown (Tehran)

Italy|

* Iron Crown (Monza)
* Royal Crown of Savoy (it) (Turin)
* Crown of Theodelinda (it) (Monza)
* Grand Ducal Crown of Tuscany (missing)
* Crown of Constance of Sicily (Palermo)

Japan|

* Imperial Crowns of Emperor Shōmu and Empress Kōmyō (Surviving Portions)
* Benkan
* Emperor Kōmei Variant
* Kanmuri
* Raikan
* Imperial Crown of Empress Go-Sakuramachi

Korea|

* Crown of Baekje (Gongju)
* Crown of Gaya (Yongin)
* Crowns of Silla
* Gold Crown of Geumgwanchong (Gyeongju)
* Gold Crown of Cheonmachong (Gyeongju)
* Gold Crown of Hwangnamdaechong (Seoul)
* Gold Crown of Geumnyeongchong Tumulus (Seoul)
* Gold Crown of Seobongchong Tumulus (Gyeongju)
* Silver Crown (Gyeongju)

Liechtenstein|

* Ducal hat of Liechtenstein (missing; replica: Vaduz)

Lithuania|

* Gediminas' Cap (missing)

Madagascar|

* Crown of Madagascar
* Crown of Ranavalona III

Mexico|

* Imperial Crown of Mexico (First Mexican Empire)
* Imperial Crown of Mexico (Second Mexican Empire) (destroyed)
* Funerary crown of Maximilian I (Vienna)

Netherlands|

* Crown of the Netherlands

Norway|

* Norwegian Crown Prince's Coronet (Trondheim)
* Crown of Norway (Trondheim)
* Crown of the Queen of Norway (Trondheim)

Poland|

* Crown of Bolesław I the Brave (destroyed; replica: Stará Ľubovňa)
* Swedish Crown (destroyed)
* Muscovy Crown (destroyed)
* Hungarian Crown (destroyed)
* Homagial Crown (destroyed)
* Funeral Crown (missing)
* Queen's Crown (destroyed)
* Crown of Augustus II (Dresden)
* Funeral Crown of Augustus II (Dresden)
* Crown of Augustus III (Warsaw)
* Crown of Maria Josepha (Warsaw)
* Płock Diadem (Płock)

Portugal|

* Crown of João VI (Lisbon)
* Diadem of the Stars (Lisbon)

Romania|

* Crown of Elisabeta (Bucharest)
* Crown of Maria (Bucharest)
* Steel Crown of Romania (Bucharest)

Russia|

* "Cap of Monomakh"
* Crown of Kazan Tzardom
* Crown of Tsar Michael Fyodorovich
* Cap of Monomakh of the second set
* Diamond Crown of Tsar Peter I
* Diamond Crown of Tsar Ivan V
* Altabas crown of the third set
* Crown of Empress Catherine I
* Crown of Empress Anna Ivanovna
* Great Imperial Crown
* Maltese Crown
* Small Imperial Crown

Serbia|

* Karađorđević Crown (Belgrade)
* Nemanjić Crowns
* Crown of Stefan Uroš III (Cetinje)
* Crown of Stephen Bocskai (Vienna)

Spain|

* Royal Crown of Spain (heraldic)
* Royal Crown of Spain (Tumular Crown) (Madrid)
* Crown of Sancho IV (Toledo)
* Crown of Isabella I of Castile (Granada)
* Crown of the Crowned Virgin of the Kings (Seville)
* Crown of the Virgin of the Tabernacle of Toledo (Toledo)

Sweden|

* Crown of Eric XIV (Stockholm)
* Crown of the Queen (Stockholm)
* Crown of Queen Christina (Stockholm)
* Crown of the Heir Apparent (Stockholm)

Tahiti|

* Crown of Tahiti (Punaauia)

Tonga|

* Crown of Tonga (Nukuʻalofa)

Ukraine|

* Crown of Rus (missing)

Africa|

* Crowns of Egypt
* Silver Crown of Emperor Tewodros (Ethiopia)

Asia|

* Raven Crown (Bhutan)
* Shripech (Nepal)
* Crown of Sri Vikrama Rajasinha (Sri Lanka)
* Great Crown of Victory (Thailand)

See also|

* Coronation
* Crown jewels
* Heir apparent
* Heir presumptive
* King
* Monarchy
* Queen
* Regalia
* Royal family

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