Cubitus varus

Deformity involving inward deviation of an extended forearm

Medical condition

Cubitus varus

Cubitus varus versus cubitus valgus
Specialty| Rheumatology, medical genetics

Cubitus varus is a varus deformity in which the extended forearm is deviated towards midline of the body.

Cubitus varus is often referred to as "Gunstock deformity", due to the crooked nature of the healing.[1][2]

The "opposite" condition is cubitus valgus.

## Signs and symptoms

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### Complications

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Instances in which the medial epicondyle of the distal humerus is malformed due to the initial fracture at the humeral endplate may result in subluxation (snapping) of the ulnar nerve over the medial epicondyle with active flexion and extension of the elbow. In such instances, conductance of the ulnar nerve may be compromised due to chronic irritation, potentially resulting in irreversible ulnar neuropathy.

## Causes

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A common cause is a supracondylar fracture of the humerus. It can be corrected via a corrective osteotomy of the humerus and either internal or external fixation of the bone until union.[3]

## Diagnosis

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Cubitus varus is not able to be diagnosed until after healing of the prior fracture, as the arm must be in full extension, not flexion, for the deformity to be noticed.[citation needed]

## Prognosis

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A cubitus varus deformity is more cosmetic than limiting of any function,[4] however internal rotation of the radius over the ulna may be limited due to the overgrowth of the humerus. This may be noticeable during an activity such as using a computer mouse.[citation needed]

## References

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1. ^ "Medcyclopaedia - Gunstock deformity". Archived from the original on 2012-02-07. Retrieved 2008-02-25.
2. ^ Stimson LA (Sep 1900). "I. Cubitus Varus; or, "Gunstock" Deformity following Fracture of the Lower End of the Humerus". Ann. Surg. 32 (3): 301–8\. doi:10.1097/00000658-190007000-00021. PMC 1425131. PMID 17860875.
3. ^ Rüdiger Döhler: Suprakondyläre Korrekturosteotomie beim posttraumatischen Cubitus varus. Unfallchirurg 105 (2002), p. 397-400
4. ^ "Cubitus Varus - Wheeless' Textbook of Orthopaedics". Retrieved 2008-02-25.

## External links

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Classification|

* ICD-10: M21.1, Q68.8
* ICD-9-CM: 736.02, 755.59

|

* v
* t
* e

Acquired musculoskeletal deformities

Upper limb|

| shoulder|

* Adhesive capsulitis
* Rotator cuff tear
* Subacromial bursitis
* Winged scapula

|

elbow|

* Cubitus valgus
* Cubitus varus

hand|

* Boutonniere deformity
* Mallet finger
* Swan neck deformity
* Wrist drop

Lower limb|

| hip|

* Coxa valga
* Coxa vara
* Protrusio acetabuli
* Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

|

leg|

* Angular limb deformity
* Unequal leg length

knee|

* Chondromalacia patellae
* Genu recurvatum
* Luxating patella
* Patella alta
* Patella baja
* Patellofemoral pain syndrome

foot|

* Club foot
* Flat feet
* Foot drop
* Bunion/hallux valgus
* Hallux varus
* Hallux rigidus
* Hammer toe

Head and neck|

* Cauliflower ear
* Torticollis

General terms|

* Joint stiffness
* Contracture
* Ligamentous laxity
* Abnormal angulation
* Valgus deformity/Varus deformity
* Bone malrotation
* Joint dislocation

* v
* t
* e

Bone and joint disease

Bone|

| Inflammation|

| endocrine:|

* Osteitis fibrosa cystica
* Brown tumor

|

infection:|

* Osteomyelitis
* Sequestrum
* Involucrum
* Sesamoiditis
* Brodie abscess
* Periostitis
* Vertebral osteomyelitis

Metabolic|

* Bone density
* Osteoporosis
* Juvenile
* Osteopenia
* Osteomalacia
* Paget's disease of bone
* Hypophosphatasia

Bone resorption|

* Osteolysis
* Hajdu–Cheney syndrome
* Ainhum
* Gorham's disease

Other|

* Ischaemia
* Avascular necrosis
* Osteonecrosis of the jaw
* Complex regional pain syndrome
* Hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
* Nonossifying fibroma
* Pseudarthrosis
* Stress fracture
* Fibrous dysplasia
* Monostotic
* Polyostotic
* Skeletal fluorosis
* bone cyst
* Aneurysmal bone cyst
* Hyperostosis
* Infantile cortical hyperostosis
* Osteosclerosis
* Melorheostosis
* Pycnodysostosis

Joint|

| Chondritis|

* Costochondritis
* Relapsing polychondritis

|

Other|

* Slipping rib syndrome
* Tietze syndrome

Combined|

| Osteochondritis|

* Osteochondritis dissecans

|

Child|

| leg:|

* hip
* Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease
* tibia
* Osgood–Schlatter disease
* Blount's disease
* foot
* Köhler disease
* Sever's disease

|

spine|

*     * Scheuermann's disease

arm:|

* wrist
* Kienböck's disease
* elbow
* Panner disease

* v
* t
* e

Congenital malformations and deformations of musculoskeletal system / musculoskeletal abnormality

Appendicular
limb / dysmelia|

| Arms|

| clavicle / shoulder|

* Cleidocranial dysostosis
* Sprengel's deformity
* Wallis–Zieff–Goldblatt syndrome

|

hand deformity|

* Madelung's deformity
* Clinodactyly
* Oligodactyly
* Polydactyly

Leg|

| hip|

* Hip dislocation / Hip dysplasia
* Upington disease
* Coxa valga
* Coxa vara

|

knee|

* Genu valgum
* Genu varum
* Genu recurvatum
* Discoid meniscus
* Congenital patellar dislocation
* Congenital knee dislocation

foot deformity|

* varus
* Club foot
* Pigeon toe
* valgus
* Flat feet
* Pes cavus
* Rocker bottom foot
* Hammer toe

Either / both|

| fingers and toes|

* Polydactyly / Syndactyly
* Webbed toes
* Arachnodactyly
* Cenani–Lenz syndactylism
* Ectrodactyly
* Brachydactyly
* Stub thumb

|

reduction deficits / limb|

* Acheiropodia
* Ectromelia
* Phocomelia
* Amelia
* Hemimelia

multiple joints|

* Arthrogryposis
* Larsen syndrome
* RAPADILINO syndrome

Axial|

| Skull and face|

| Craniosynostosis|

* Scaphocephaly
* Oxycephaly
* Trigonocephaly

|

Craniofacial dysostosis|

* Crouzon syndrome
* Hypertelorism
* Hallermann–Streiff syndrome
* Oto-palato-digital syndrome
* Treacher Collins syndrome

other|

* Macrocephaly
* Platybasia
* Craniodiaphyseal dysplasia
* Dolichocephaly
* Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome
* Plagiocephaly
* Saddle nose

Vertebral column|

* Spinal curvature
* Scoliosis
* Klippel–Feil syndrome
* Spondylolisthesis
* Spina bifida occulta
* Sacralization

Thoracic skeleton|

| ribs:|

* Cervical
* Bifid

|

sternum:|

* Pectus excavatum
* Pectus carinatum

other:|

* Poland syndrome

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