Cyber Partisans

Belarusian hacktivist group

Cyber PartisansКіберпартызаны

Telegram group logo

Formation| September 2020
Type| anonymous hacktivist collective
Purpose|

* Anti-cyber-surveillance
* Anti-cyber-censorship
* Internet activism
* Internet vigilantism
* Anti-government activism

Region served

| Belarus
Website| t.me/cpartisans

Cyber Partisans (Belarusian: кіберпартызаны, romanized: kiberpartyzany, Russian: киберпартизаны, romanized: kiberpartizany) is a Belarusian decentralized anonymous hacktivist collective emerged in September 2020, known for its various cyber attacks against the authoritarian Belarusian government. The group is part of the broader Belarusian opposition movement.

## Membership and aims

[edit]

Cyber Partisans consists of a group of Belarusian IT workers who live abroad.[1] In an August 2021 interview to Bloomberg, hackers shared some details about themselves: they are 15 people, none of whom are professional hackers; of them, only 3 or 4 perform the hacks, others deal with the analysis of obtained data; and some group members were penetration testers before joining the group.[2][3] Members are anonymous even to each other.[4] The group describes its activities as ethical hacking, as it goes only against the state and do not harm to ordinary citizens.[2][3][5] In late January 2022, the group reportedly consisted of some 30 people.[5] Its spokesperson, Yuliana Shemetovets, is based in New York.[6][7]

An anonymous spokesperson for the group told in an interview to MIT Technology Review: "What we want is to stop the violence and repression from the terroristic regime in Belarus and to bring the country back to democratic principles and rule of law."[3] In 2021 and 2022, the group affirmed that it was not collaborating with any foreign government, but "we are not against it, as long as it aligns with our depicted goals, to change the regime."[6]

## History and actions

[edit]

The Cyber Partisans originated in September 2020 after the 2020 Belarusian presidential election and subsequent protests against its falsification by Alexander Lukashenko. The protests were brutally suppressed by the government's police and security forces.[8][2]

Initially, actions by the group were symbolic: group members hacked state news websites (All-National TV, Belarus-1) and streamed videos showing scenes of police brutality, and inserted the names of Lukashenko and the minister of Internal Affairs, Yury Karayeu, to a police most wanted list.[9] The group also hacked government websites to add the white-red-white flag, which is favored by the Belarusian dissidents, over the official red and green flag of the country.[8][2]

Cyber Partisans work together with the BYPOL group, which consists of former Belarusian police officers working against Lukashenko's government. Their knowledge of database structure helps to plan and execute the Partisans' moves.[8][2]

In July 2021, Cyber Partisans cracked the Ministry of Internal Affairs' most sensitive databases. The group obtained a large volume of material, includes the archive of almost 2 million minutes of secretly recorded phone conversation audio; lists of alleged police informants; personal information about top government officials; and video footage gathered from police drones and detention centers. The group also obtained the databases for passports, all registered motor vehicles, recordings from the cameras in the Okrestina prison's isolation cells, and mortality statistics. The group shared these data with the journalists who calculated the excess mortality during the COVID-19 pandemic in Belarus. They concluded that from March 2020 to March 2021, this figure was 32,000 people, 14.4 times more than the authorities reported.[10][8] The group published passport data of Lukashenko and his sons to prove that they really hacked that database. The authenticity of the data was also demonstrated by data on journalists from Current Time TV, which the Partisans provided to Current Time at the outlet's request to prove the veracity of the leak.[10]

During the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Cyber Partisans was one of three main Belarusian dissident groups that worked to stymie the Belarusian involvement in the Russian invasion, specifically by targeting railroad supply lines. (The other groups were Belarusian railway workers and defectors from the government's security forces).[1] Cyber Partisans launched the first attack on the railway's systems in late January 2022, in the days immediately before the invasion slowing the movement of Russian troops before they had crossed the border.[1] The group said that it had penetrated the Belarusian Railway's network system the previous month, in December 2021.[6] A spokesperson for Cyber Partisans said that the railway company's system was vulnerable and ran on an outdated Windows XP operating system.[1] The group used a modified form of ransomware to paralyze the railway system, saying that it would return to computer network to normal if the Belarusian government released 50 political prisoners in need of medical treatment and stopped Russian forces from entering Belarus.[1][5] Partisans cracked and encrypted internal databases of the railway.[4] The group targeted freight rail to disrupt Russian military movements and cargo bound for China; the group said that it deliberately avoided affecting passenger rail.[6]

The group also obtained access to a database of all border crossing records. To prove it, one of the group members provided a Guardian journalist "a full list of his travel records to Belarus going back to 2016".[4] Cyber Partisans provided the border entry and exit data to the investigative journalism group Bellingcat.[6]

In February 2023 the group revealed that they cracked into Roscomnadzor, Russian internet censorship agency. The attack disrupted the internal network of the organization. The crackers obtained between 1.2 and 2 Terabytes of data including 1.5 million emails and 200 thousand of internal documents. Cyber Partisans gave the data to journalists, including Mediazona and Süddeutsche Zeitung.[11][12]

In July 2023, the group claimed that they attacked the Belarusian State University (BSU) and got 3 terabytes of data, encrypted and wiped the university's servers. BSU officials denied the fact of attack, though their website was down for several days. The reason of the attack was explained in a tweet:[13]

> We started working on this attack 2 months ago after BSU posted a video with a student who was humiliated & forced to apologize. Since 2020 many students were detained and staff let go for political positions

According to Yuliana Shametavets (Russian: Юлиана Шеметовец) on 26 April 2024, Cyberpartisans stated on their website that they had penetrated the Belarus KGB computer network in fall 2023 accessing the files of 8,600 Belarus KGB employees and that, beginning in February 2024, Cyber Partisans had suppressed the Belarus KGB computer network for at least two months and that this "was a response" to the Belarus KGB chief Ivan Tertel because "The KGB is carrying out the largest political repressions in the history of the country and must answer for it" and added that "We work to save the lives of Belarusians, and not to destroy them, like the repressive Belarusian special services do."[14][15][16][17][18][19]

## Response from Belarusian authorities

[edit]

In a speech on state TV in July 2021, head of the Belarusian KGB Ivan Tertel blamed "foreign special services" for cyberattacks on government targets.[2]

In 2021, the Belarusian government (through the Belarusian Supreme Court and Ministry of Internal Affairs) declared the information resources Cyber-Partizans, its subsidiary project Cyber-Leaks, and all their Telegram channels to be an "extremist" group and a terrorist organization.[20][21] Creating or participating in such a group is a crime in Belarus.[22]

## Reactions and analysis

[edit]

Anthropologist Gabriella Coleman, a professor at McGill University and an expert on hacktivism and the Anonymous, commented to Bloomberg: "I don't think there are a lot of parallels to this, that they are so sophisticated and are attacking on multiple levels, it's not something I've seen before except in the movies."[2]

According to associate professor Tetyana Lokot of Dublin City University, who specializes in protest and digital rights issues in Eastern Europe, "If ever Lukashenko ends up facing prosecution in the International Criminal Court, for example, these records are going to be incredibly important."[2]

The group was praised by the Belarusian opposition, including Franak Viačorka, a senior adviser to exiled opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya.[5] Andrei Sannikov, a former Belarusian diplomat and a candidate at the 2010 presidential election in Belarus, in an interview to MIT Technology Review said that "They’re making the regime's crimes transparent. The information they're getting by hacking the state really is very eloquent in witnessing the criminal activities of the regime against the citizens."[3]

The group was the subject of the BBC Radio 4 series Digital Human episode that aired in March 2022.[23]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e Liz Sly, The Belarusian railway workers who helped thwart Russia's attack on Kyiv, Washington Post (April 23, 2022).
2. ^ a b c d e f g h Gallagher, Ryan (August 24, 2021). "Hackers Release Data Trove From Belarus in Bid to Overthrow Lukashenko Regime". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2021-10-31. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
3. ^ a b c d Howell O'Neill, Patrick (August 26, 2021). "Hackers are trying to topple Belarus's dictator, with help from the inside". MIT Technology Review. Archived from the original on 23 October 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
4. ^ a b c Andrew Roth (January 25, 2022). "'Cyberpartisans' hack Belarusian railway to disrupt Russian buildup". The Guardian. Archived from the original on April 24, 2022. Retrieved April 24, 2022.
5. ^ a b c d Ryan Gallagher, 'Cyber Partisans' Say They Hacked Belarus Rail to Disrupt Russian Troops Archived 2022-04-24 at the Wayback Machine, Bloomberg (January 24, 2022).
6. ^ a b c d e Frank Bajak, Belarus hacktivists target railway in anti-Russia effort Archived 2022-04-24 at the Wayback Machine, Associated Press (January 24, 2022).
7. ^ How I became the spokesperson for a secretive Belarusian 'hacktivist' group Archived 2022-05-13 at the Wayback Machine, TRT World Magazine (February 10, 2022).
8. ^ a b c d Корелина, Ольга (August 27, 2021). "Белорусские "Киберпартизаны", кажется, взломали базы данных МВД и уже месяц публикуют компрометирующую силовиков информацию". Meduza. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
9. ^ "Сайт МВД Беларуси взломали — и добавили Лукашенко в список разыскиваемых". Meduza. September 4, 2020. Archived from the original on 18 November 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
10. ^ a b Сошников, Андрей (July 20, 2021). "Противостоящие Лукашенко "Киберпартизаны" получили паспортные данные и фото ВСЕХ белорусов. Фактчек Настоящего Времени и интервью с хакерами". Current Time TV. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 29 August 2021.
11. ^ "Нейроскомнадзор. Чем пользуется РКН, чтобы следить за интернетом — и кто ему в этом помогает". Медиазона.
12. ^ "Архитектура российской цензуры: что мы узнали из крупнейшей утечки в истории Роскомнадзора". BBC News Русская служба. February 9, 2023.
13. ^ "Belarusian hacktivists сlaim to breach country's leading state university". therecord.media. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
14. ^ Karmanau, Yuras (26 April 2024). "Hackers claim to have infiltrated Belarus' main security service". Associated Press. Archived from the original on 27 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
15. ^ RFE/RL's Belarus Service (26 April 2024). "Hacker Group Claims It Penetrated Belarusian KGB Network". Radio Free Europe. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
16. ^ Naprys, Ernestas (29 April 2024). "Belarusian KGB allegedly breached, hackers dox over 8600 agents: Cyber Partisans, a Belarusian group of hacktivists, have claimed that they infiltrated the KGB, the state's secret service. They shared data on more than 8600 KGB agents and also started to reveal the alleged KGB informants in other countries". cybernews.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
17. ^ Paranjape, Purva (27 April 2024). "Cyber Partisans Unleash Digital Retaliation Against Belarusian KGB". msn.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
18. ^ Paganini, Pierluigi (29 April 2024). "CYBER-PARTISANS HACKTIVISTS CLAIM TO HAVE BREACHED BELARUS KGB: A Belarusian group of activist group claims to have infiltrated the network of the country's main KGB agency". securityaffairs.com. Archived from the original on 29 April 2024. Retrieved 29 April 2024.
19. ^ Жупран, Антось (Zhupran, Antos) (28 August 2023). "Как «Киберпартизаны» вытянули милицейские базы и зачем по несколько раз взламывать Академию управления: Представительница «Киберпартизан» Юлиана Шеметовец в выпуске ютуб-канала «Ток» рассказала о том, как активисты выкачали милицейские базы и что в них, а также ответила, какой смысл взламывать сайты «Прессбола» и Академии управления Лукашенко" [How "Cyber Partisans" Pulled Out Police Bases and Why They Hacked the Academy of Management Several Times: Representative of "Cyber Partisans" Yuliana Shemetovets in an episode of the YouTube channel "Tok" spoke about how activists pumped out police bases and what was in them, and also answered what is the point of hacking the sites of "Pressball" and Lukashenko's Academy of Management.]. nashaniva.com (in Russian). Archived from the original on 15 July 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.`{{cite news}}`: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
20. ^ "МВД признало "экстремистским формированием" телеграм‑канал и чат "Кибер‑Партизан"". MediaZona (in Russian). 2021-10-21. Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
21. ^ "Верховный суд признал террористами "Киберпартизан" и еще несколько инициатив". Nasha Niva (in Russian). 2021-11-30. Archived from the original on 2022-01-11. Retrieved 2022-01-11.
22. ^ "BAJ demands to stop using anti-extremist legislation to restrict freedom of speech". Belarusian Association of Journalists. 17 November 2021. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 22 December 2021.
23. ^ "Partisan". BBC. March 14, 2022. Archived from the original on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 15 March 2022.

## External links

[edit]

* Gallagher, Ryan A Ragtag Band of Hackers Is Waging Cyberwar on Putin’s Supply Lines Bloomberg (June 15, 2022)

* v
* t
* e

Belarusian opposition

Protests|

* Minsk Spring
* Freedom March
* Jeans Revolution
* 2010 protests
* 2011 protests
* Teddybear Airdrop Minsk 2012
* 2017 protests
* 2020–2021 protests
* human rights issues
* related deaths
* international reactions

| Annual|

* Freedom Day
* Chernobyl Way
* Day of Solidarity with Belarus

|

Organisations|

* Tell the Truth!
* Charter 97
* Belarus Free Theatre
* Belarus Solidarity Foundation
* Rada of the Belarusian Democratic Republic
* Viasna Human Rights Centre
* Nexta
* Cyber Partisans
* Community of Railway Workers of Belarus
* Busly liaciać
* BYPOL

Coordination
Council|

| Head|

* Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya

|

Presidium|

* Svetlana Alexievich
* Sergei Dylevsky
* Pavel Latushko
* Maria Kalesnikava
* Olga Kovalkova
* Liliya Vlasova
* Maxim Znak

NAM|

| Head|

* Pavel Latushko

|

Team|

* deputy head + foreign policy: Vladzimir Astapenka

United
Transitional
Cabinet|

| Head|

* Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya

|

Members|

* transfer of power: Pavel Latushko
* law and order: (Aug 2022–Aug 2023: Aliaksandr Azarau)
* foreign relations: Valery Kavaleuski
* deputy: Vladzimir Astapenka
* defence and security: Aug 2022–Aug 2024: Valery Sakhashchyk, Aug 2024–present: Vadzim Kabanchuk
* finance, economy: (Sep–Oct 2022: Tatsiana Zaretskaya)
* national revival: Alina Koushyk
* social issues: Volha Harbunova
* youth policy: Marharyta Vorychava

Other people|

* Vitold Ashurak
* Viktar Babaryka
* Ales Bialiatski
* Mikalai Khalezin
* Ihar Losik
* Roman Protasevich
* Mikola Statkevich
* Ivonka Survilla
* Alexander Taraikovsky
* Sergei Tikhanovsky
* Valery Tsepkalo
* Veronika Tsepkalo
* Andrei Zeltser

See also|

* Belarusian partisan movement
* Rail war in Belarus
* New Belarus passport
* White-red-white flag

* v
* t
* e

Russian invasion of Ukraine

Part of the Russo-Ukrainian War

Overview

General|

* Outline
* Timeline
* Prelude
* Feb–Apr 2022
* Apr–Aug 2022
* Aug–Nov 2022
* Nov 2022 – Jun 2023
* Jun–Aug 2023
* Sep–Nov 2023
* Dec 2023 – Mar 2024
* Apr–Jul 2024
* Aug–Dec 2024
* Jan–May 2025
* Jun 2025 – present
* Aerial warfare
* Defense lines
* Foreign fighters
* Information war
* Naval warfare
* Legality
* Map
* Order of battle
* Peace negotiations
* Ukraine's Peace Formula
* China peace proposal
* June 2024 peace summit
* Proposed no-fly zone
* Red lines
* Reparations
* Territorial control
* Women

Prelude|

* Reactions
* Disinformation
* Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory
* Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction
* 2021 Russia–United States summit
* 2021 Black Sea incident
* Belarus–European Union border crisis
* "On the Historical Unity of Russians and Ukrainians"
* Crimea Platform
* Zapad 2021
* December 2021 ultimatum
* 2022 Ukraine cyberattacks
* Zametil 2022
* Union Resolve 2022
* Stanytsia Luhanska kindergarten bombing
* British–Polish–Ukrainian trilateral pact
* Evacuation of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* Mobilization in Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* "Address concerning the events in Ukraine"
* "On conducting a special military operation"

Background|

* Dissolution of the Soviet Union
* 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
* Annexation of Crimea
* reactions
* War in Donbas
* 2022 timeline
* Minsk agreements
* humanitarian situation
* international recognition of the Donetsk PR and Luhansk PR
* Putinism
* Foundations of Geopolitics
* Novorossiya
* Ruscism
* Russian irredentism
* Russian imperialism

Foreign
relations|

* Russia–Ukraine
* Belarus–Ukraine
* Belarus–Russia
* Russia–United States
* Ukraine–United States
* Russia–NATO
* Ukraine–NATO
* enlargement of NATO
* eastward expansion controversy in Russia
* open door policy

Military engagements

Southern
Ukraine|

* Snake Island campaign
* Siege of Mariupol
* Battle of Kherson
* Capture of Melitopol
* Battle of Mykolaiv
* Battle of Enerhodar
* Battle of Voznesensk
* Kherson counteroffensive
* Liberation of Kherson
* Dnieper campaign
* Destruction of the Kakhovka Dam
* 2025 spring offensive

Eastern
Ukraine|

* Battle of Volnovakha
* Battle of Kharkiv
* Battle of Izium
* Battle of Rubizhne
* Battle of Popasna
* Battle of Marinka
* Battle of Donbas
* Battle of the Siverskyi Donets
* Battle of Sievierodonetsk
* Battle of Lysychansk
* Battle of Pisky
* Battle of Bakhmut
* Battle of Soledar
* Battle of Vuhledar
* Kharkiv counteroffensive
* Battle of Lyman (September–October 2022)
* Luhansk Oblast campaign
* Kupiansk
* Northeast Donetsk
* Battle of Avdiivka
* Battle of Chasiv Yar
* Battle of Krasnohorivka
* Battle of Ocheretyne
* Battle of Toretsk
* Pokrovsk offensive
* Battle of Kurakhove

Northern
Ukraine|

* Capture of Chernobyl
* Russian Kyiv convoy
* Battle of Kyiv
* Battle of Antonov Airport
* Battle of Hostomel
* Battle of Bucha
* Battle of Irpin
* Battle of Makariv
* Battle of Moshchun
* Destruction of the Kozarovychi Dam
* Battle of Brovary
* Battle of Slavutych
* Battle of Sumy
* Siege of Chernihiv
* Northeastern border skirmishes
* 2025 Sumy Oblast incursion

Russia|

* Bryansk Oblast raid
* Kremlin drone attack
* Moscow drone strikes
* 2023 Belgorod Oblast incursions
* 30 December 2023 Belgorod shelling
* February 2024 Belgorod missile strike
* May 2024 Belgorod missile strike
* March 2024 western Russia incursion
* 2024 Kursk offensive
* occupation
* Battles for Olgovskiy Forest
* Toropets depot explosions
* 2025 Belgorod Oblast incursion

Airstrikes
by city|

* Chernihiv strikes
* Dnipro strikes
* Huliaipole strikes
* Ivano-Frankivsk strikes
* Kharkiv strikes
* Kherson strikes
* Khmelnytskyi strikes
* Kryvyi Rih strikes
* Kyiv strikes
* Lviv strikes
* Mykolaiv strikes
* Odesa strikes
* Rivne strikes
* Vinnytsia strikes
* Zaporizhzhia strikes
* Zhytomyr strikes

Airstrikes
on military
targets|

* Chuhuiv air base attack
* Millerovo air base attack
* Chornobaivka attacks
* 7 March 2022 Mykolaiv military barracks attack
* Yavoriv military base attack
* 18 March 2022 Mykolaiv military quarters attack
* Berdiansk port attack
* Sinking of the Moskva
* Desna barracks airstrike
* Attack on Nova Kakhovka
* Crimea attacks
* Saky air base attack
* Drone attack on the Sevastopol Naval Base
* Missile strike on the Black Sea Fleet headquarters
* Dyagilevo and Engels air bases attacks
* Makiivka military quarters shelling
* Machulishchy air base attack
* Zarichne barracks airstrike
* Operation Spider's Web

Resistance|

| Russian-occupied Ukraine|

* Popular Resistance of Ukraine
* Berdiansk Partisan Army
* Yellow Ribbon
* Atesh

|

Belarus and Russia|

* Assassination of Vladlen Tatarsky
* Civic Council
* Irpin Declaration
* Killing of Darya Dugina
* National Republican Army
* Military commissariats arsons
* Ust-Ilimsk military commissariat shooting
* Black Bridge
* Rail war in Russia
* Stop the Wagons
* Combat Organization of Anarcho-Communists
* Rail war in Belarus
* Busly liaciać
* BYPOL
* Community of Railway Workers
* Cyber Partisans

Russian
occupations|

* Flags used in Russian-occupied Ukraine

Ongoing|

* Annexation referendums
* Annexation of Donetsk, Kherson, Luhansk and Zaporizhzhia oblasts
* Elections in Russian-occupied Ukraine
* Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine
* Autonomous Republic of Crimea and Sevastopol
* Donetsk Oblast
* Kharkiv Oblast
* Kherson Oblast
* Luhansk Oblast
* Mykolaiv Oblast
* Zaporizhzhia Oblast
* Sumy Oblast (2025, reentry)

Previous|

* Chernihiv Oblast
* Kyiv Oblast
* Odesa Oblast
* Sumy Oblast (2022)
* Zhytomyr Oblast

Potentially
related|

* Black Sea drone incident
* Bridge collapses in Russia
* Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant drone strike
* Mystery fires in Russia
* Nord Stream pipeline sabotage
* Transnistria attacks
* Zagreb Tu-141 crash

Other|

* 2022 Crimean Bridge explosion
* 2023 Crimean Bridge explosion
* 2025 Crimean Bridge explosion
* Assassination attempts on Volodymyr Zelenskyy
* Coup d'état attempt in Ukraine
* Bridges in the Russo-Ukrainian War
* Dragon drone
* Violations of non-combatant airspaces
* Missile explosion in Poland
* Operation Synytsia
* Ukraine and electronic warfare
* Use of long-range weapons by Ukraine in Russia
* 2023 Ukrainian counteroffensive
* 2024 Ukrainian cyberattacks against Russia
* Wagner Group rebellion

War crimes

General|

* Accusations of genocide in Donbas
* Allegations of genocide of Ukrainians
* child abductions
* Attacks on hospitals
* Cluster munitions
* Incendiary weapons
* Landmines
* Russian filtration camps
* Russian mobile crematoriums
* Russian theft of Ukrainian grain
* Russian torture chambers
* Looting
* Sexual violence
* Mistreatment of prisoners of war

Attacks on
civilians|

* February 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Kharkiv government building airstrike
* 3 March Chernihiv bombing
* Irpin refugee column shelling
* Mariupol hospital airstrike
* Stara Krasnianka care house attack
* Mykolaiv cluster bombing
* March 2022 Donetsk attack
* 2022 Borodianka airstrikes
* Chernihiv breadline attack
* Mariupol theatre airstrike
* Kyiv shopping centre bombing
* Sumykhimprom ammonia leak
* March 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Mykolaiv government building missile strike
* Bucha massacre
* Kramatorsk railway station attack
* April 2022 Kharkiv cluster bombing
* Bilohorivka school bombing
* Shooting of Andrii Bohomaz
* Maisky Market attack
* Kremenchuk shopping mall attack
* Serhiivka missile strike
* Chasiv Yar missile strike
* Olenivka prison massacre
* Kharkiv dormitories missile strike
* Chaplyne railway station attack
* Izium mass graves
* September 2022 Donetsk attack
* Zaporizhzhia civilian convoy attack
* Kupiansk civilian convoy shelling
* Zaporizhzhia residential building airstrike
* Russian strikes against Ukrainian infrastructure
* 2023 Dnipro residential building airstrike
* Sloviansk airstrike
* Uman missile strike
* Kramatorsk restaurant missile strike
* Lyman cluster bombing
* 2023 Pokrovsk missile strike
* Chernihiv missile strike
* Kostiantynivka missile strike
* Hroza missile attack
* Volnovakha massacre
* December 2023 strikes
* 2024 Pokrovsk missile strike
* 2024 Donetsk attack
* Lysychansk missile strike
* 6 March 2024 Odesa strike
* March 2024 strikes
* Human safari (terror campaign)
* May 2024 Kharkiv strikes
* 8 July 2024 strikes
* 2024 Kostiantynivka supermarket missile attack
* 26 August 2024 strikes
* September 2024 Poltava strike
* November 2024 strikes
* February 2025 Poltava strike
* 2025 Sumy airstrike

Crimes
against
soldiers|

* Torture of Russian soldiers in Mala Rohan
* Torture and castration of a Ukrainian POW in Pryvillia
* Rape of Donetsk People's Republic soldiers by Kadyrovites
* Murder of Yevgeny Nuzhin
* Makiivka surrender incident
* Execution of Oleksandr Matsievskyi
* 2022 Ukrainian prisoner of war beheading

Legal cases|

* ICC investigation
* Arrest warrants
* ICJ court case
* Task Force on Accountability
* Universal jurisdiction
* Crime of aggression tribunal
* Criminal proceedings
* Vadim Shishimarin
* Alexander Bobikin and Alexander Ivanov
* Anton Cherednik

Reactions

States
and
official
entities|

| General|

* Sanctions
* people and organizations
* restrictions on transit to Kaliningrad Oblast
* Military aid
* European Union Military Assistance Mission in support of Ukraine
* People's Bayraktar
* Signmyrocket.com
* Humanitarian aid
* Sanctioned yachts
* Relations with Russia

|

Ukraine|

* Application to NATO
* Be Brave Like Ukraine
* Brave1
* Bring Kids Back UA
* Ban on Russia-associated religious groups
* Coordination Headquarters for the Treatment of Prisoners of War
* Decolonization and derussification law
* Delta
* Destroyed Russian military equipment exhibition
* For Courage and Bravery (Ukraine)
* Grain From Ukraine
* Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief
* Hero City
* I Want to Live
* International Legion and other foreign units
* Belarusian Volunteer Corps
* Terror Battalion
* Black Maple Company
* Canadian-Ukrainian Brigade
* Freedom of Russia Legion
* German Volunteer Corps
* Karelian National Battalion
* Kastuś Kalinoŭski Regiment
* Norman Brigade
* Pahonia Regiment
* Polish Volunteer Corps
* Romanian Battlegroup Getica
* Russian Volunteer Corps
* Separate Special Purpose Battalion
* Sibir Battalion
* Turan Battalion
* International Sponsors of War
* Forced confiscation law of Russian property [ru; uk]
* Look for Your Own
* Lukoil sanctions
* Martial law
* Mobilization
* Media Center Ukraine
* National Council for the Recovery of Ukraine from the War [uk]
* National Multi-Subject Test [uk]
* North Korea–Ukraine relations
* Points of Invincibility
* Recognition of Ichkeria
* Rescuer City
* Save Ukrainian Culture [uk]
* Syria–Ukraine relations
* Ukrainian Freedom Orchestra
* United24
* United News

Russia|

* highways in the annexed territories
* A290
* A291 "Tavrida"
* R260
* R280 "Novorossiya"
* 2022 Moscow rally
* 2023 Moscow rally
* 2022 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2023 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2024 Moscow Victory Day Parade
* 2023 Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly
* Blockade of Ukraine [ru]
* Bohdan Khmelnytsky Battalion
* Censorship in Russia [ru]
* Chechnya
* Pro-Ukrainian Chechen fighters
* Conmemorative Medal "Participant of a Special Military Operation" [ru]
* Conversations about Important Things
* Krasovsky case
* Legalization of parallel imports [ru]
* Manifesto of the South Russian People's Council
* Martial law
* Masha Moskalyova case
* Metropolis of Crimea
* Mikhail Simonov case
* Mobilization
* Recruitment of irregular forces [ru]
* Operation Doppelgänger
* Opinion polling [ru]
* Orthodox Christmas truce proposal
* Wagner Group–Ministry of Defense conflict
* Russian Orthodox clergymen appeal against war
* Salvation Committee for Peace and Order
* Special Coordinating Council
* Ukraine bioweapons conspiracy theory
* Unfriendly countries list
* War censorship laws
* We Are Together. Sports
* "What Russia Should Do with Ukraine"

United States|

* 2022 Joe Biden speech in Warsaw
* 2022 State of the Union Address
* Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2022
* Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023
* Disinformation Governance Board
* Executive Order 14071
* Pentagon document leaks
* Task Force KleptoCapture
* Ukraine Defense Contact Group
* Ukraine Democracy Defense Lend-Lease Act
* Ukraine Security Assistance Initiative

Other countries|

* Belarus
* Canada
* Canada–Ukraine authorization for emergency travel
* China
* Closer ties with Russia
* Chinese peace plan
* Hong Kong
* Croatia
* Denmark
* Danish European Union defence opt-out referendum
* France
* Mission Aigle
* Georgia
* Germany
* German Taurus controversy
* Taurus leak
* Zeitenwende speech
* Hungary
* India
* Operation Ganga
* Iran
* Closer ties with Russia
* Israel
* Operation Israel Guarantees
* Lithuania
* Moldova
* New Zealand
* Russia Sanctions Act
* North Korea
* Poland
* border crisis with Ukraine
* Syria [ru]
* Taiwan
* United Kingdom
* Economic Crime Act
* Homes for Ukraine
* Operation Interflex
* 2025 London Summit on Ukraine
* Coalition of the willing

United Nations|

* Emergency special session
* Resolution ES-11/1
* Resolution ES-11/2
* Resolution ES-11/3
* Resolution ES-11/4
* Resolution ES-11/5
* Resolution ES-11/6
* Resolution ES-11/7
* Security Council Resolution 2623
* Resolution A/RES/77/229
* Easter truce

International
organizations|

* Accession of Moldova to the EU
* Accession of Ukraine to the EU
* Brussels summit
* European Political Community
* 1st summit
* 2nd summit
* 3rd summit
* Madrid summit
* NATO virtual summit
* Operation Oscar
* Ramstein Air Base meeting
* EU–Ukraine Summit
* REPowerEU
* Steadfast Defender 2024
* SWIFT ban against Russian banks
* Ukraine Recovery Conference
* Versailles declaration
* 2023 Vilnius summit
* 15th BRICS summit
* 2024 Washington summit
* Weimar+

Other|

* Consecration of Russia
* F-16 training coalition
* Finland–NATO relations
* Finland–Russia border barrier
* Iron diplomacy
* Proposed Russian annexation of South Ossetia
* Recognition of Russia as a terrorist state
* Removal of monuments and memorials
* Streets renamed
* Ukraine Square, Oslo
* Serving heads of state and government that have visited Ukraine during the invasion
* Sweden–NATO relations
* Swedish anti-terrorism bill

Public|

| Protests|

* In Ukraine
* in Russian-occupied Ukraine
* demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin
* ArmWomenNow
* Ukrainian Artistic Front
* In Russia
* Angry patriots
* Club of Angry Patriots
* Anti-War Committee
* Suspicious deaths of Russian businesspeople
* Congress of People's Deputies
* Council of Mothers and Wives
* Feminist Anti-War Resistance
* Flower protests
* Marina Ovsyannikova
* Russian Action Committee
* North Caucasian protests
* 2022 Russian Far East protests
* State Duma initiative for charging Vladimir Putin of high treason
* White-blue-white flag
* In Belarus
* In China
* Great Translation Movement
* In Czech Republic
* Czech Republic First!

|

Companies|

* Address of the Russian Union of Rectors
* Boycott of Russia and Belarus
* "Do not buy Russian goods!"
* E.N.O.T. Corp.
* Igor Mangushev
* McDonald's in Russia
* Vkusno i tochka
* NashStore [ru]
* People's Satellite
* Starlink satellites
* Stop Bloody Energy
* Wagner Group
* Andrey Aleksandrovich Medvedev
* Death of Nemes Tarimo
* Yale CELI List of Companies

Technology|

* Anonymous and the invasion
* alerts.in.ua
* DDoS attacks on Romania
* DeepStateMap.Live
* Denys Davydov
* IT Army of Ukraine
* Killnet
* Liveuamap
* Open-source intelligence
* peacenotwar
* Russian Asset Tracker
* Squad303 [pl]
* Ukraine Siren Alerts
* Wikipedia
* threat to block in Russia
* detention of Mark Bernstein

Spies|

* Diplomatic expulsions during the Russo-Ukrainian War
* Russian spies in the Russo-Ukrainian War

Other|

* Association of Azovstal Defenders' Families
* Black Sea Grain Initiative
* Collaboration with Russia
* We Are Together with Russia
* Concert for Ukraine
* Free Buryatia Foundation
* Free Nations of Post-Russia Forum
* Game4Ukraine
* Get Lost
* Global Tour for Peace
* Go by the Forest
* Guide to the Free World
* Mozart Group
* Olena Zelenska Foundation
* Open letter from Nobel laureates
* Pavel Sudoplatov Battalion
* Rubikus.HelpUA
* Ruslan Shostak Charitable Foundation
* Russia's War Crimes House
* Save Ukraine
* Saving Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online
* Serhiy Prytula Charity Foundation
* Spain letter bomb attacks
* Yermak-McFaul Expert Group on Russian Sanctions
* Pavel Filatyev
* True Russia
* Volos Declaration
* Wimbledon ban

Impact

Effects|

* Aircraft losses
* Casualties
* journalists killed
* Russian generals killed
* Economic impact
* Inflation surge
* 2022 Moldovan energy crisis
* protests
* 2025 Moldovan energy crisis
* Russia–EU gas dispute
* 2022 Nord Stream pipeline sabotage
* Russian debt default
* 2022 Russian oil price cap
* 2022-2024 German economic crisis
* 2023 Russian oil products sanctions and price cap
* EU natural gas price cap
* Education
* End of the Whisky War
* Environmental impact
* European re-armament
* Eurovision Song Contest 2022
* Russia
* Ukraine
* Eurovision Song Contest 2023
* Food crises
* Impact on theatre [uk]
* List of notable deaths
* Lukoil oil transit dispute
* Nuclear power plants
* Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant crisis
* Nuclear risk
* Religion
* Russian emigration
* The Ark
* Ship losses
* Ukrainian cultural heritage
* art theft and looting
* damaged cultural sites
* Trauma
* Urengoy–Pomary–Uzhhorod pipeline explosion
* Ukrainian energy crisis
* Violations of non-combatant airspaces
* Women

Human
rights|

* Humanitarian impact
* Ukrainian refugee crisis
* 2025 Amsterdam stabbing attack
* Sobieskiego 100
* UN Commission of Inquiry
* UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission

Terms and
phrases|

* "And now I will show you where the attack on Belarus was prepared from"
* "Anglo-Saxons"
* "Bavovna"
* "Grandpa in his bunker"
* "Good evening, we are from Ukraine"
* "Orc"
* "Putin khuylo!"
* "Khuy Voyne!"
* "Russia is here forever [uk]"
* "Russian warship, go fuck yourself"
* "Slava Ukraini!"
* "Special military operation"
* "To bomb Voronezh"
* "Strength is in truth"
* "Westsplaining"
* "Where have you been for eight years?"
* "Without you"

Popular
culture|

| Songs|

* "12"
* "Bakhmut Fortress"
* "Bayraktar"
* "Bilia topoli"
* "City of Mary"
* "Flowers of Minefields"
* "Generation Cancellation"
* "Generation Z"
* "I'm Russian"
* "Oyda"
* "Hey, Hey, Rise Up!"
* "Mama ŠČ!"
* "Oi u luzi chervona kalyna"
* "Slava Ukraini!"
* "Stefania"
* "Ukraine"
* "Crushed"

|

Films|

* 20 Days in Mariupol
* A Rising Fury
* Follow Me
* Intercepted
* Russians at War
* Turn in the Wound
* Ukraine on Fire 2 [uk]

Other|

* Babylon'13
* Back to the Cold War
* Borodianka cat [uk]
* Ghost of Kyiv
* Kherson watermelon
* Královec Region
* Madonna of Kyiv
* North Atlantic Fella Organization
* Newspeak in Russia
* Patron
* "Putler"
* "Putinversteher"
* Raccoon of Kherson
* Saint Javelin
* Saint Mariuburg [ru; uk]
* Vasylkiv maiolica rooster
* Vladimir Putin's meeting table
* Walk of the Brave
* "Z" military symbol

Key people

Ukrainians|

* Volodymyr Zelenskyy
* speeches during the invasion
* visit to the United States
* visit to the United Kingdom
* visits to Europe
* Anatolii Kryvonozhko
* Anatoliy Barhylevych
* Andrii Hnatov
* Andriy Biletsky
* Andriy Yermak
* Denys Shmyhal
* Denys Kireyev  X
* Denys Monastyrsky  †
* Denys Prokopenko
* Ihor Klymenko
* Iryna Venediktova
* Kyrylo Budanov
* Mykhailo Drapatyi
* Mykola Oleschuk
* Oleksandr Pavlyuk
* Oleksandr Syrskyi
* Oleksii Reznikov
* Oleksiy Danilov
* Oleksiy Neizhpapa
* Ruslan Khomchak
* Rustem Umerov
* Sergiy Kyslytsya
* Serhiy Shaptala
* Serhii Sternenko
* Valerii Zaluzhnyi
* Vasyl Malyuk
* Vitali Klitschko
* Yevhen Moisiuk

Russians|

* Vladimir Putin
* Aleksandr Dvornikov
* Aleksandr Lapin
* Aleksey Dyumin
* Aleksey Nagin  †
* Alexander Bortnikov
* Andrei Kolesnikov
* Andrei Sychevoi
* Andrey Belousov
* Andrey Vorobyov
* Dmitry Medvedev
* Gennady Zhidko  #
* Igor Kastyukevich
* Ivan Popov
* Mikhail Mishustin
* Maria Lvova-Belova
* Nikolai Patrushev
* Oleg Salyukov
* Oleg Tsokov  †
* Ramzan Kadyrov
* Roman Berdnikov
* Rustam Muradov
* Sergey Kobylash
* Sergey Lavrov
* Sergey Naryshkin
* Sergei Shoigu
* Sergey Surovikin
* Timur Ivanov
* Valery Gerasimov
* Viktor Sokolov
* Viktor Zolotov
* Vitaly Gerasimov
* Vyacheslav Gladkov
* Vyacheslav Volodin
* Yevgeny Prigozhin  X

Other|

* Alexander Lukashenko
* Denis Pushilin
* Leonid Pasechnik
* Sergey Aksyonov
* Vitaly Ganchev
* Vladimir Saldo
* Yevgeny Balitsky
* Yuriy Barbashov

Related

* 2023 North Korea–Russia summit
* 2023 visit by Joe Biden to Ukraine
* 2023 visit by Fumio Kishida to Ukraine
* 2023 visit by Xi Jinping to Russia
* 2023 visit by Yoon Suk Yeol to Ukraine
* 2025 Putin–Trump call
* Anti-drone mesh
* Anti-Russian sentiment
* Anti-Ukrainian sentiment
* Antonov An-225 Mriya
* Axis of Upheaval
* Azerbaijan Airlines Flight 8243
* Azovstal Iron and Steel Works
* Brovary helicopter crash
* Bryansk Oblast military aircraft crashes
* Claims of Vladimir Putin's incapacity and death
* Decolonization in Ukraine
* Decommunization in Ukraine
* Derussification in Ukraine
* Demolition of monuments to Alexander Pushkin in Ukraine
* Foreign leaders that have visited during the invasion
* Institute for the Study of War
* Irkutsk Su-30 crash
* Ivanovo Ilyushin Il-76 crash
* Korochansky Ilyushin Il-76 crash
* Kyivstar cyberattack
* Lady R incident
* Moldovan coup d'état attempt allegations
* Nord Stream 2
* Proposed Russian annexation of Transnistria
* Punisher
* Russian nuclear weapons
* Sarmat
* Rico Krieger
* Russian military presence in Transnistria
* Ryazan Il-76 crash
* Siberian wildfires
* Sinhury mid-air collision [uk; zh]
* Soloti military training ground shooting
* Soviet imagery
* Territorial Center of Recruitment and Social Support
* Turtle tank
* U-24 association
* Ukrainian-African Renaissance
* Ukrainian conscription crisis
* Western long-range weapons in Russia
* Ural Airlines Flight 1383
* "The Vladimir Putin Interview"
* Voronezh An-26 crash
* Wagner Group plane crash
* Yeysk Su-34 crash
* Yaroslav Hunka scandal
* Time of Heroes

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