Cybister

Genus of beetles

Cybister

Cybister fimbriolatus
Scientific classification
Domain:  | Eukaryota
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Arthropoda
Class:  | Insecta
Order:  | Coleoptera
Family:  | Dytiscidae
Subfamily:  | Cybistrinae
Tribe:  | Cybistrini
Genus:  | Cybister
Curtis, 1827
Cybister lateralimarginalis Comparison of Cybister and Dytiscus larvae

Cybister ('kybistētēr' = diver, tumbler), is a genus of beetle in family Dytiscidae. They are found in much of the world, including all continents except Antarctica.[1][2] As of 2021 there are 96 species and 9 additional subspecies among four subgenera in the genus.[3]

## Description

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Adult Cybister have broad hind legs with unequal tarsal claws (the inner claw being smaller and sometimes absent) and a fringe on the outer margin of the tarsus.[4] They range in length up to 43 mm (C. bimaculatus from the Afrotropics).[5] Adult males of the North American species have several ridges on the coxae of the hind legs, forming a stridulatory device.[5]

Larvae have a frontal tooth on the head and lack cerci. North American species can grow up to 80 mm long.[4]

## Ecology

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Cybister live in lentic (still fresh water) habitats that have vegetation.[6]

Like other diving beetles, Cybister are predatory. Larvae of C. japonicus prey on insects (mainly Odonata nymphs and the backswimmer Notonecta triguttata) in their first two instars, while third-instar larvae prey on vertebrates (tadpoles and fish).[7] Larvae of C. rugosus feed on both invertebrates and vertebrates in all instars.[8]

## Importance

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Cybister chinensis (sometimes misidentified as C. japonicus) is used in a game in Korea. The water beetle game (mul bang gae nori) is played in an oval, water-filled tank with vertical flanges along its inner edge and prizes on the tank rim. The game is played by dropping a C. chinensis through a funnel into the center of the tank, after which it swims towards the edge of the tank and stops in one of the slots formed by the metal flanges. If a prize is above this slot, the player wins it.[9]

The swimming behaviour of C. lateralimarginalis has inspired (biomimetics) the design of a legged underwater robot.[10]

## List of species

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### Subgenus Cybister Curtis, 1827

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* Cybister alluaudi Guignot, 1936
* Cybister bengalensis Aubé, 1838
* Cybister buqueti Aubé, 1838
* Cybister cardoni Severin, 1890
* Cybister celebensis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister cephalotes Sharp, 1882
* Cybister chinensis Motschulsky, 1854
* Cybister cinctus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister cognatus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister concessor Guignot, 1947
* Cybister confusus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister crassipes Sharp, 1882
* Cybister crassiusculus Régimbart, 1895
* Cybister dejeanii Aubé, 1838
* Cybister dytiscoides Sharp, 1882
* Cybister ellipticus LeConte, 1852
* Cybister explanatus LeConte, 1852
* Cybister extenuans (Walker, 1858)
* Cybister favareli Guignot, 1936
* Cybister fimbriolatus (Say, 1823)
* Cybister fumatus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister godeffroyi (Wehncke, 1876)
* Cybister gracilis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister gschwendtneri Guignot, 1935
* Cybister guerini Aubé, 1838
* Cybister guignoti Gschwendtner, 1936
* Cybister guignoti pseudosenegalensis Guignot, 1936
* Cybister hypomelas Régimbart, 1892
* Cybister janczyki Mouchamps, 1957
* Cybister javanus Aubé, 1838
* Cybister laevis Falkenström, 1936
* Cybister lateralimarginalis (De Geer, 1774)
* Cybister lateralimarginalis ponticus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister lateralimarginalis torquatus (Fischer von Waldheim, 1829)
* Cybister lewisianus Sharp, 1873
* Cybister limbatus (Fabricius, 1775)
* Cybister loxidiscus Wilke, 1920
* Cybister natalensis (Wehncke, 1876)
* Cybister nebulosus Gschwendtner, 1931
* Cybister occidentalis Aubé, 1838
* Cybister pectoralis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister pederzanii Rocchi, 1979
* Cybister poblanus Arce-Pérez, Novelo-Gutiérrez, & Fery, 2021
* Cybister reichei Aubé, 1838
* Cybister rugosus (W.S.Macleay, 1825)
* Cybister rugulosus (Redtenbacher, 1844)
* Cybister schoutedeni Gschwendtner, 1932
* Cybister semiaciculatus Schaufuss, 1887
* Cybister senegalensis Aubé, 1838
* Cybister straeleni Guignot, 1952
* Cybister tibialis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister tripunctatus (Olivier, 1795)
* Cybister tripunctatus africanus Laporte, 1835
* Cybister tripunctatus lateralis (Fabricius, 1798)
* Cybister tripunctatus temnenkii Aubé, 1838
* Cybister ventralis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister weckwerthi Hendrich, 1997
* Cybister wittmeri Brancucci, 1979
* Cybister yulensis Guignot, 1956

### Subgenus Megadytoides Brinck, 1945

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* Cybister marginicollis Boheman, 1848

### Subgenus Melanectes Brinck, 1945

[edit]

* Cybister alemon Guignot, 1948
* Cybister aterrimus Régimbart, 1899
* Cybister basilewskyi Guignot, 1950
* Cybister bellicosus Guignot, 1947
* Cybister bimaculatus Aubé, 1838
* Cybister blotei Guignot, 1936
* Cybister brevis Aubé, 1838
* Cybister burgeoni Guignot, 1947
* Cybister convexus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister dehaanii Aubé, 1838
* Cybister desjardinsii Aubé, 1838
* Cybister dissentiens Mouchamps, 1957
* Cybister distinctus Régimbart, 1878
* Cybister ertli Zimmermann, 1917
* Cybister feraudi Guignot, 1934
* Cybister griphodes Guignot, 1942
* Cybister immarginatus Fabricius, 1798)
* Cybister insignis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister insignis caprai Guignot, 1949
* Cybister insignis purpureovirgatus Guignot, 1946
* Cybister irritans (Dohrn, 1875)
* Cybister longulus Gschwendtner, 1932
* Cybister lynceus J.Balfour-Browne, 1950
* Cybister mesomelas Guignot, 1942
* Cybister mocquerysi Régimbart, 1895
* Cybister modestus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister nigrescens Gschwendtner, 1933
* Cybister nigripes Wehncke, 1876
* Cybister operosus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister owas Laporte, 1835
* Cybister papuanus Guignot, 1956
* Cybister pinguis Régimbart, 1895
* Cybister posticus Aubé, 1838
* Cybister procax Guignot, 1947
* Cybister procax vicinatus Mouchamps, 1957
* Cybister prolixus Sharp, 1882
* Cybister semirugosus Harold, 1878
* Cybister siamensis Sharp, 1882
* Cybister smaragdinus Régimbart, 1895
* Cybister sugillatus Erichson, 1834
* Cybister sumatrensis Régimbart, 1883
* Cybister thermolytes Guignot, 1947
* Cybister vicinus Zimmermann, 1917
* Cybister vulneratus Klug, 1834
* Cybister zimmermanni Mouchamps, 1957

### Subgenus Neocybister K.B. Miller, Bergsten & Whiting, 2007

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* Cybister festae Griffini, 1895
* Cybister puncticollis (Brullé, 1837)

### Fossil species

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These seven extinct species are known only from fossils:

* †Cybister agassizi Heer, 1862
* †Cybister atavus Heer, 1862
* †Cybister fractus Riha, 1974
* †Cybister imperfectus Riha, 1974
* †Cybister mancus Riha, 1974
* †Cybister nicoleti Heer, 1862
* †Cybister rotundatus Riha, 1974

## References

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1. ^ Miller, K.B.; J. Bergsten (2016). Diving Beetles of the World: Systematics and Biology of the Dytiscidae. JHU Press. pp. 131–132. ISBN 978-1-4214-2054-7.
2. ^ Roberts, C H (1905). "The Distinctive Characters of the Eastern Species of the Genera Dytiscus and Cybister". Journal of the New York Entomological Society. 13: 103–107.
3. ^ Nilsson, Anders N.; Hájek, Jiří (2021). "A World Catalogue of the Family Dytiscidae or the Diving Beetles (Coleoptera, Adephaga)" (PDF) (1.I.2021 ed.).
4. ^ a b "Genus Cybister". bugguide.net. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
5. ^ a b Arce-Pérez, Roberto; Novelo-Gutiérrez, Rodolfo; Fery, Hans (2021-11-04). "Cybister (s. str.) poblanus sp. n. from Mexico and notes on other species of Cybistrinae (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae)". Zootaxa. 5061 (2): 323–339. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5061.2.5. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 34810625.
6. ^ Liao, Wenfei (2018-08-19). "Cybister, an Immigrant in Finland". Wenfei's Blog. Retrieved 2023-03-02.
7. ^ Ohba, Shin-Ya (2009-06-01). "Ontogenetic Dietary Shift in the Larvae of Cybister japonicus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) in Japanese Rice Fields". Environmental Entomology. 38 (3): 856–860. doi:10.1603/022.038.0339. ISSN 0046-225X. PMID 19508796.
8. ^ Yamasaki, Shun; Watanabe, Kohei; Ohba, Shin-ya (2022). "Larval feeding habits of the large-bodied diving beetle Cybister rugosus (Coleoptera: Dytiscidae) under laboratory conditions". Entomological Science. 25 (2). doi:10.1111/ens.12510. ISSN 1343-8786.
9. ^ Pemberton, R. W. (1990). "The Korean water beetle game". Pan-Pacific Entomologist. 66 (2): 172–174.
10. ^ Kim, Heejoong; Lee, Jihong (2017). "Design, swimming motion planning and implementation of a legged underwater robot (CALEB10: D.BeeBot) by biomimetic approach". Ocean Engineering. 130: 310–327. doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2016.11.006.

## External links

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* Cybister on Fauna Europaea
* Cybister on BugGuide.Net
* Synopsis of the described coleoptera of the world

* Media related to Cybister at Wikimedia Commons
* Data related to Cybister at Wikispecies

Taxon identifiers

Cybister|

* Wikidata: Q1188989
* Wikispecies: Cybister
* ADW: Cybister
* AFD: Cybister
* BioLib: 4780
* BOLD: 105851
* BugGuide: 14512
* CoL: 62Q32
* EoL: 45355
* EPPO: 1CYBIG
* Fauna Europaea: 119194
* Fauna Europaea (new): 045f90ac-3029-481e-a052-1d91f061c78c
* GBIF: 1038678
* iNaturalist: 117510
* ITIS: 112364
* NBN: NHMSYS0001717780
* NCBI: 50516
* Open Tree of Life: 66503
* Paleobiology Database: 153712
* uBio: 4131820