Dan Quayle

Vice President of the United States from 1989 to 1993

Not to be confused with Don Quayle.

"Senator Quayle" redirects here. For the Virginia state senator, see Fred Quayle.

Dan Quayle

Official portrait, 1989

44th Vice President of the United States
In office
January 20, 1989 – January 20, 1993
President| George H. W. Bush
Preceded by| George H. W. Bush
Succeeded by| Al Gore
United States Senator
from Indiana
In office
January 3, 1981 – January 3, 1989
Preceded by| Birch Bayh
Succeeded by| Dan Coats
Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Indiana's 4th district
In office
January 3, 1977 – January 3, 1981
Preceded by| Edward Roush
Succeeded by| Dan Coats
Personal details
Born|

James Danforth Quayle

(1947-02-04) February 4, 1947 (age 78)
Indianapolis, Indiana, U.S.
Political party| Republican
Spouse|

Marilyn Tucker

(m. 1972)​

Children| 3, including Ben
Parent(s)| James C. Quayle
Martha Pulliam
Relatives|

* Eugene C. Pulliam (grandfather)
* Eugene S. Pulliam (uncle)
* Myrta Pulliam (cousin)

Education| DePauw University (BA)
Indiana University, Indianapolis (JD)
Signature|
Military service
Allegiance| United States
Branch/service| United States Army
Years of service| 1969–1975
Rank| Sergeant
Unit| Indiana Army National Guard

Dan Quayle's voice

Dan Quayle gives thanks to Ronald Reagan for his presidency
Recorded November 9, 1988

James Danforth Quayle (/kweɪl/; born February 4, 1947) is an American retired politician who served as the 44th vice president of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush. A member of the Republican Party, Quayle represented Indiana in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1977 to 1981 and in the U.S. Senate from 1981 to 1989.

A native of Indianapolis, Quayle spent most of his childhood in Paradise Valley, a suburb of Phoenix, Arizona. He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. degree from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974. He and Marilyn practiced law in Huntington, Indiana, before his election to the United States House of Representatives in 1976. In 1980, he was elected to the U.S. Senate.

In 1988, incumbent vice president and Republican presidential nominee George H. W. Bush chose Quayle as his running mate. His vice presidential debate against Lloyd Bentsen was notable for Bentsen's "Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy" quip. The Bush–Quayle ticket defeated the Democratic ticket of Michael Dukakis and Bentsen, and Quayle succeeded Bush as vice president in January 1989. During his tenure, Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council. As vice president, he developed a reputation for making comments that some media outlets perceived to be gaffes.[1][2][3][4] He secured re-nomination for vice president in 1992, but was defeated by the Democratic ticket of Bill Clinton and Al Gore.

In 1994, Quayle published his memoir, Standing Firm. He declined to run for president in 1996 because of phlebitis. He sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2000 but withdrew his campaign early on and supported the eventual nominee, George W. Bush. He joined Cerberus Capital Management, a private-equity firm, in 1999. Since leaving office, Quayle has remained active in the Republican Party, including making presidential endorsements in 2000, 2012, 2016, and 2020. Quayle advised his successor Mike Pence to certify the 2020 election despite the attempt of then-president Donald Trump to overturn the election with the January 6, 2021 United States Capitol attack. Quayle became the earliest-serving surviving vice president with the death of Walter Mondale later that year.

## Early life, education, and career

[edit]

Quayle in Huntington North High School's 1965 yearbook

Quayle was born in Indianapolis, Indiana, to Martha Corinne (née Pulliam) and James Cline Quayle.[5] He has sometimes[6] been incorrectly referred to as James Danforth Quayle III. In his memoir he points out that his birth name was simply James Danforth Quayle. The name Quayle originates from the Isle of Man, where his great-grandfather was born.[7]

His maternal grandfather, Eugene C. Pulliam, was a wealthy and influential publishing magnate who founded Central Newspapers, Inc., and owned more than a dozen major newspapers, such as The Arizona Republic and The Indianapolis Star. James C. Quayle moved his family to Arizona in 1955 to run a branch of the family's publishing empire.

After spending much of his youth in Arizona,[8] Quayle returned to his native Indiana and graduated from Huntington North High School in Huntington in 1965. He then matriculated at DePauw University, where he received his B.A. degree in political science in 1969,[9] was the captain of the university golf team and a member of the fraternity Delta Kappa Epsilon (Psi Phi chapter).[10][11]

After graduation, Quayle joined the Indiana National Guard and served from 1969 to 1975, reaching the rank of sergeant; his joining meant that he was not subject to the draft.[12] In 1970, while serving in the Guard, Quayle enrolled at Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law. He was admitted under a program for students who could demonstrate "special factors" as his grades did not meet the regular admission standards. In 1974, Quayle earned a Juris Doctor (J.D.) degree.[13][14] At Indiana University, he met his future wife, Marilyn, who was taking night classes at the same law school at the time.[15]

Quayle became an investigator for the Consumer Protection Division of the Office of the Indiana Attorney General in July 1971. Later that year, he became an administrative assistant to Governor Edgar Whitcomb. From 1973 to 1974, he was the Director of the Inheritance Tax Division of the Indiana Department of Revenue. After graduating from law school in 1974, Quayle worked as associate publisher of his family's newspaper, the Huntington Herald-Press.

## Congressional tenure

[edit]

Quayle in 1977, his first term in the House of Representatives

In 1976, Quayle was elected to the House of Representatives from Indiana's 4th congressional district, defeating eight-term incumbent Democrat J. Edward Roush by a 55%-to-45% margin.[16] He was reelected in 1978, 64% to 34%.[17]

In November 1978, Congressman Leo Ryan of California invited Quayle to accompany him on a delegation to investigate unsafe conditions at the Jonestown settlement in Guyana, but Quayle was unable to participate. The decision likely saved Quayle's life, because Ryan and his entourage were subsequently murdered at the airstrip in Jonestown as the party tried to escape the massacre.[18]

In 1980, at age 33, Quayle became the youngest person ever elected to the Senate from the state of Indiana, defeating three-term incumbent Democrat Birch Bayh with 54% of the vote. Making Indiana political history again, Quayle was reelected to the Senate in 1986 with the largest margin ever achieved to that date by a candidate in a statewide Indiana race, taking 61% of the vote against his Democratic opponent, Jill Long.

In 1986, Quayle was criticized for championing the cause of Daniel Anthony Manion, a candidate for a federal appellate judgeship, who was in law school one year ahead of Quayle. The American Bar Association had evaluated Manion as "qualified/unqualified", its lower passing grade.[19] Manion was nominated for the Seventh Circuit of the U.S. Court of Appeals by President Ronald Reagan on February 21, 1986, and confirmed by the Senate on June 26, 1986.[20]

## 1988 campaign

[edit]

See also: George H. W. Bush 1988 presidential campaign and 1988 Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection

On August 16, 1988, at the Republican convention in New Orleans, Louisiana, George H. W. Bush chose Quayle to be his running mate in the 1988 United States presidential election. The choice immediately became controversial.[21] Outgoing President Reagan praised Quayle for his "energy and enthusiasm".[22] Press coverage of the convention was dominated by questions about "the three Quayle problems".[23] The questions involved his military service, a golf holiday in Florida where he and several other politicians shared a house with lobbyist Paula Parkinson,[24][12] and whether he had enough experience to be vice president. Quayle seemed at times rattled and at other times uncertain or evasive as he responded to questions.[23] Delegates to the convention generally blamed television and newspapers for the focus on Quayle's problems, but Bush's staff said they thought Quayle had mishandled the questions about his military record, leaving questions dangling.[21][23][25] Although Bush was trailing by up to 15 points in public opinion polls taken before the convention, in August the Bush–Quayle ticket took the lead,[26] which it did not relinquish for the rest of the campaign.

In the October 1988 vice-presidential debate, Quayle debated Democratic candidate Lloyd Bentsen. During the debate, Quayle's strategy was to criticize Dukakis as too liberal. When the debate turned to Quayle's relatively limited experience in public life, he compared the length of his congressional service (12 years) with that of President John F. Kennedy (14 years); Kennedy had less experience than his rivals during the 1960 presidential nomination. It was a factual comparison, although Quayle's advisers cautioned beforehand that it could be used against him. Bentsen's response—"I served with Jack Kennedy. I knew Jack Kennedy. Jack Kennedy was a friend of mine. Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy"—subsequently became a part of the political lexicon.[27]

The Bush–Quayle ticket won the November election by a 53–46 percent margin, sweeping 40 states and capturing 426 electoral votes. He was sworn in on January 20, 1989. Quayle cast no tie-breaking votes as president of the Senate, becoming only the second vice-president (after Charles W. Fairbanks) not to do so while serving a complete term.

### Indiana National Guard controversy

[edit]

Since the 1988 United States elections, Quayle has been the subject of controversy regarding his service in the Indiana National Guard from 1969 to 1975. Many of Quayle's political opponents, media outlets, and Vietnam veterans have speculated that Quayle joined the Indiana National Guard as a means to avoid the draft or to avoid being deployed to Vietnam. In August 1988, Quayle denied the accusations.[28] Quayle's draft controversy received renewed attention during the 1992 United States elections after Democratic nominee Bill Clinton was accused of similar draft dodging measures.[29] In September 1992, Quayle acknowledged that joining the Indiana National Guard cut his risks of being deployed to Vietnam, although he defended his decision.[30] In a 1992 interview with NBC's Meet the Press, Quayle was pressed on whether his main motivation was to avoid being sent to fight in Vietnam. Quayle stated that he had preferences for joining the reserves, and that he never asked for preferential treatment.[29] Quayle also noted that had his unit been called, he would have deployed, stating:

> Of course you had much less chance to go to Vietnam, but my unit could have been called up to go to Vietnam. And had it been called up, I would have gone.[31]

In a resurfaced 1989 interview with David Hoffman, filmmaker and Vietnam veteran Oliver Stone commented on Quayle and made contrasts between him and then-Nebraska governor Bob Kerrey, noting:

> I'm hopeful of people like Bob Kerrey, for example, [the] governor of Nebraska, would be a presidential candidate. He's about forty-two and lost a leg in Vietnam. [He's a] very bright man, compassionate, he's been there. I think he'd make a fine president. Against him would be a guy like Dan Quayle, who is also about the same age, early forties—a heartbeat away from the presidency—a man who has never really suffered pain—a man who went to the National Guard to avoid Vietnam, and yet he's one who always calls for military intervention in Central America, with other people's bodies. You have that hypocrisy at work.[32]

## Vice presidency (1989–1993)

[edit]

Main article: Vice presidency of Dan Quayle

See also: Presidency of George H. W. Bush

Quayle with President George H. W. Bush in 1989

During his vice presidency, Quayle made official trips to 47 countries.[8] Bush named Quayle head of the Council on Competitiveness and the first chairman of the National Space Council. As head of the NSC he called for greater efforts to protect Earth against the danger of potential asteroid impacts.[33]

After a briefing by Lt. General Daniel O. Graham, (USA Ret.), Max Hunter, and Jerry Pournelle, Quayle sponsored the development of an experimental Single Stage to Orbit X-Program, which resulted in the building of the McDonnell Douglas DC-X. Quayle has since described the vice presidency as "an awkward office. You're president of the Senate. You're not even officially part of the executive branch—you're part of the legislative branch. You're paid by the Senate, not by the executive branch. And it's the president's agenda. It's not your agenda. You're going to disagree from time to time, but you salute and carry out the orders the best you can".[34]

### Murphy Brown

[edit]

On May 19, 1992, Quayle gave a speech titled Reflections on Urban America to the Commonwealth Club of California on the subject of the Los Angeles riots.[35] In the speech he blamed the violence on a decay of moral values and family structure in American society.[35] In an aside, he cited the single mother title character in the television program Murphy Brown as an example of how popular culture contributes to this "poverty of values", saying, "It doesn't help matters when prime-time TV has Murphy Brown—a character who supposedly epitomizes today's intelligent, highly paid, professional woman—mocking the importance of fathers, by bearing a child alone, and calling it just another 'lifestyle choice'."[36]

The "Murphy Brown speech" became one of the most memorable of the 1992 campaign. Long after the outcry had ended, the comment continued to have an effect on U.S. politics. Stephanie Coontz, a professor of family history and the author of several books and essays about the history of marriage, said that this brief remark by Quayle about Murphy Brown "kicked off more than a decade of outcries against the 'collapse of the family'".[37] In 2002, Candice Bergen, the actress who played Brown, said "I never have really said much about the whole episode, which was endless, but his speech was a perfectly intelligent speech about fathers not being dispensable and nobody agreed with that more than I did." Others interpreted it differently; singer Tanya Tucker was widely quoted as saying "Who the hell is Dan Quayle to come after single mothers?"[38]

### Perceived gaffes

[edit]

Quayle speaking at Race for the Cure in Washington, D.C. in 1990

Throughout his time as vice president, Quayle was characterized by some media outlets and journalists as being unprepared for the position. Given his position, his comments were heavily scrutinized for factual and grammatical errors. Contributing to this perception of Quayle was his tendency to make public statements that were either impossible ("I have made good judgments in the past. I have made good judgments in the future"[2]), self-contradictory ("I believe we are on an irreversible trend toward more freedom and democracy, but that could change"[39]), self-contradictory and confused ("The Holocaust was an obscene period in our nation's history. ... No, not our nation's, but in World War II. I mean, we all lived in this century. I didn't live in this century, but in this century's history"[3]), or just confused (such as the comments he made in a May 1989 address to the United Negro College Fund (UNCF). Commenting on the UNCF's slogan—which is "a mind is a terrible thing to waste"—Quayle said, "You take the UNCF model that what a waste it is to lose one's mind or not to have a mind is being very wasteful. How true that is").[40][41]

On June 15, 1992, Quayle altered 12-year-old student William Figueroa's correct spelling of "potato" to "potatoe" at the Muñoz Rivera Elementary School spelling bee in Trenton, New Jersey.[42][43] He was the subject of widespread ridicule for his error. According to The New York Times[44] and Quayle's memoirs, he was relying on cards provided by the school, which Quayle says included the misspelling. Quayle said he was uncomfortable with the version he gave, but did so because he decided to trust the school's incorrect written materials instead of his own judgment.

### 1992 campaign

[edit]

Main articles: George H. W. Bush 1992 presidential campaign and 1992 United States presidential election

In the 1992 election, Bush and Quayle were challenged in their bid for reelection by the Democratic ticket of Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton and Tennessee Senator Al Gore and the independent ticket of Texas businessman Ross Perot and retired Vice Admiral James Stockdale.

As Bush lagged in the polls in the weeks preceding the August 1992 Republican National Convention, some Republican strategists (led by Secretary of State James Baker) viewed Quayle as a liability to the ticket and pushed for his replacement.[45] Quayle ultimately survived the challenge and secured renomination.[46]

During the 1992 presidential campaign, Quayle told the news media that he believed homosexuality was a choice, and "the wrong choice".[47]

Quayle faced off against Gore and Stockdale in the vice presidential debate on October 13, 1992.[48] He attempted to avoid the one-sided outcome of his debate with Bentsen four years earlier by staying on the offensive.[49] Quayle criticized Gore's book Earth in the Balance with specific page references, though his claims were subsequently criticized by the liberal group FAIR for inaccuracy.[50] In Quayle's closing argument, he sharply asked voters, "Do you really believe Bill Clinton will tell the truth?" and "Do you trust Bill Clinton to be your president?" Gore and Stockdale talked more about the policies and philosophies they espoused.[51] Republican loyalists were largely relieved and pleased with Quayle's performance, and his camp attempted to portray it as an upset triumph against a veteran debater, but post-debate polls were mixed on whether Gore or Quayle had won.[52] It ultimately proved to be a minor factor in the election, which Bush and Quayle lost, 168 electoral votes to 370.

## Initial post–vice presidency (1993-1999)

[edit]

In 1993, Quayle became the trustee of the Hudson Institute.[53] From 1993 to January 1999, he served on the board of Central Newspapers, Inc.,[53] and from 1995 until January 1999, he headed the Campaign America political action committee.[53]

Quayle authored a 1994 memoir, Standing Firm, which became a bestseller. Quayle's second book, The American Family: Discovering the Values That Make Us Strong, was co-authored with Diane Medved and published in 1996.[53] He later published his third book Worth Fighting For, in 1999.

Quayle moved to Arizona in 1996.[54] He considered but decided against running for governor of Indiana in 1996, and decided against running for the 1996 Republican presidential nomination, citing health problems related to phlebitis.[55]

In 1997 and 1998, Quayle was a "distinguished visiting professor of international studies" at the Thunderbird School of Global Management.[53]

In 1999, Quayle joined Cerberus Capital Management, a multibillion-dollar private-equity firm, where he serves as chair of the company's Global Investments division.[56] As chair of the international advisory board of Cerberus Capital Management, he recruited former Canadian prime minister Brian Mulroney, who would have been installed as chair if Cerberus had acquired Air Canada.[57]

## 2000 presidential campaign

[edit]

Main article: Dan Quayle 2000 presidential campaign

Logo from Quayle's 2000 presidential campaign.

During a January 1999 appearance on Larry King Live, Quayle said he would run for president in 2000.[58] On January 28, 1999, he officially created an exploratory committee.[53] On April 14, 1999, at a rally held at his alma mater Huntington North High School's gymnasium, Quayle officially launched his campaign for the 2000 Republican presidential nomination.[53] In July 1999, he published his book Worth Fighting For.[53]

During campaign appearances, Quayle criticized fellow candidate George W. Bush. Early on, he criticized Bush's use of the term "compassionate conservative".[59]

Quayle finished eighth in the August 1999 Ames Straw Poll. He withdrew from the race the next month and supported Bush.[55]

## 21st-century career

[edit]

Quayle with Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld in 2001.

The Dan Quayle Center and Museum, in Huntington, Indiana, features information on Quayle and all U.S. vice presidents. Quayle is an Honorary Trustee Emeritus of the Hudson Institute and president of Quayle and Associates. He has also been a member of the board of directors of Heckmann Corporation, a water-sector company, since the company's inception and serves as chair of the company's Compensation and Nominating & Governance Committees. Quayle is a director of Aozora Bank, based in Tokyo, Japan.[60] He has also been on the boards of directors of other companies, including K2 Sports, AmTran Inc., Central Newspapers Inc.,[61] BTC Inc.[62] and Carvana Co.[63]

Quayle, then working as an investment banker in Phoenix, was mentioned as a candidate for governor of Arizona before the 2002 election,[64] but declined to run. Quayle attended the second inauguration of George W. Bush in 2005 and the first inauguration of Barack Obama in 2009.

On January 31, 2011, Quayle wrote a letter to President Barack Obama urging him to commute Jonathan Pollard's sentence.[65] In December 2011, Quayle endorsed Mitt Romney for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination.[66]

In early 2014, Quayle traveled to Belfast, Northern Ireland, in an attempt to speed approval for a deal in which Cerberus acquired nearly £1.3 billion in Northern Ireland loans from the Republic of Ireland's National Asset Management Agency. The Irish government is investigating the deal, and the US Securities and Exchange Commission, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, and the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York are investigating Quayle's involvement as a potentially "very serious" misuse of the vice president's office.[67] As of December 2018, Quayle served as chair of Global Investments at Cerberus.[68]

## 2020 counsel to Mike Pence

[edit]

Main articles: January 6 United States Capitol attack and Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election

Dan and Marilyn Quayle with Vice President Mike Pence in 2019, two years before the 2021 Capitol attack.

In the 2016 presidential election, Quayle endorsed Jeb Bush.[69] After Bush failed to win the nomination, Quayle endorsed Donald Trump;[70] he was later seen visiting with Trump at Trump Tower in Manhattan before Trump's inauguration.[71]

According to the book Peril, by Bob Woodward and Robert Costa, Quayle played a central role in advising his fellow Hoosier and Vice President Mike Pence to certify the 2020 presidential election as per the Senate rules, rather than cooperate with a plan by then-president Donald Trump that sought to overturn the election.[72][73] Quayle attended President Joe Biden's inauguration on January 20, 2021.[74]

Quayle attended President Donald Trump's second inauguration on January 20, 2025.[75]

## Personal life

[edit]

External videos

Booknotes interview with Quayle on Standing Firm, July 24, 1994, C-SPAN

Quayle lives with his wife, Marilyn Quayle, in Paradise Valley, Arizona.[68] They married in November 1972[76] and have three children: Tucker, Benjamin, and Corinne.[77] Benjamin Quayle served in the U.S. House of Representatives from 2011 to 2013,[78] representing Arizona's 3rd congressional district.[79]

## Electoral history

[edit]

Main article: Electoral history of Dan Quayle

## Published material

[edit]

* Standing Firm: A Vice-Presidential Memoir, HarperCollins, May 1994. Hardcover. ISBN 0-06-017758-6; mass market paperback, May 1995; ISBN 0-06-109390-4; limited edition, 1994. ISBN 0-06-017601-6.
* The American Family: Discovering the Values That Make Us Strong (with Diane Medved), Harpercollins, April 1996. ISBN 0-06-017378-5 (hardcover). ISBN 0-06-092810-7 (paperback).
* Worth Fighting For, W Publishing Group, July 1999. ISBN 0-8499-1606-2.

## See also

[edit]

* Biography portal

## Footnotes

[edit]

1. ^ Lionel Van Deerlin (July 21, 2004). "The value and vitality of V.P.s". San Diego Union-Tribune. Archived from the original on May 5, 2015. Retrieved April 12, 2013.
2. ^ a b "Quayle Hunting turned up some real turkeys". Watertown Daily Times. March 18, 2015. Retrieved September 22, 2018.[permanent dead link]
3. ^ a b Dan Kenny (May 30, 2014). "10 things politicians definitely wish they had not said ..." Irish Examiner. Archived from the original on September 22, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
4. ^ Borowitz, Andy, Complete Knowledge of Dan Quayle Archived September 20, 2022, at the Wayback Machine, Profiles in Ignorance: How America’s Politicians Got Dumb and Dumber, Avid Reader Press, Simon and Schuster, 2022
5. ^ "Dan Quayle born, Feb. 4, 1947". Politico. Archived from the original on September 19, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
6. ^ Meyer, Richard E. (August 21, 1998). "Campaign Becomes Confrontation With Past : Privilege, Wealth Shaped Quayle". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on December 21, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
7. ^ "Ancestry of Dan Quayle (b. 1947)". Wargs.com. Archived from the original on August 28, 2018. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
8. ^ a b Dan Quayle: Biography Archived December 6, 2018, at the Wayback Machine Retrieved December 10, 2016.
9. ^ Lawrence, Jill (August 4, 1999). "Quayle on a quest to get the last laugh". USA Today. Archived from the original on March 24, 2016. Retrieved August 6, 2015.
10. ^ "Past Ubben Lectures: Dan Quayle '69". DePauw University. Archived from the original on June 5, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
11. ^ "Virtual Museum: Letters from Leaders". Delta Kappa Epsilon. February 13, 2023. Archived from the original on March 3, 2024. Retrieved June 1, 2024.
12. ^ a b "Quayle and Paula Parkinson". www.orlandosentinel.com. Orlando Sentinel. August 24, 1988. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
13. ^ Lauter, Davie; Jehl, Douglas (September 10, 1988). "'Special Factors' Helped Quayle Law School Admission". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on November 28, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
14. ^ "Father says Quayle 'pretty good salesman'". United Press International. August 21, 1988. Archived from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2021.
15. ^ Alessandra Stanley, "Marilyn Quayle: A New Second Lady" Archived August 25, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, Time, January 23, 1989. Accessed September 28, 2014.
16. ^ "Statistics of the Presidential and Congressional Election of November 2, 1976" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on July 20, 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
17. ^ "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 7, 1978" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on October 21, 2011. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
18. ^ Quayle, Dan (1995). Standing Firm: A Vice-Presidential Memoir. Harpercollins. p. 176\. ISBN 0-06-109390-4.
19. ^ "Reagan Judges Get Lower Bar Rating". The New York Times. May 25, 1986. Archived from the original on August 19, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
20. ^ "Senate reaffirms Daniel Manion as judge, 50–49". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. July 24, 1986. Archived from the original on February 18, 2022. Retrieved June 15, 2012.
21. ^ a b Shapiro, Walter (August 29, 1988). "The Republicans: The Quayle Quagmire". Time. p. 32\. Archived from the original on June 15, 2013. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
22. ^ Roberts, Steven (August 21, 1988). "Reagan Praises Quayle, Citing 'Enthusiasm'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved December 9, 2016.
23. ^ a b c Oreskes, Michael (August 19, 1988). "The Republicans in New Orleans; Convention Message Is Garbled by Quayle Static". The New York Times. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved September 1, 2008.
24. ^ Maxa, Rudy (March 29, 1981). "The Paula Parkinson Story". The Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved December 7, 2020.
25. ^ Ander Plattner et al., "Quayle Under Glass", U.S. News & World Report, August 29, 1988, p. 32.
26. ^ 1988 Presidential Trial Heats  Archived June 30, 2017, at the Wayback Machine Gallup.
27. ^ Dan Quayle Interview Archived November 8, 2017, at the Wayback Machine PBS. December 2, 1999. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
28. ^ "Quayle Denies Joining Guard to Avoid Vietnam : Hasn't Offered to Quit Ticket, He Says as Angry Hometown Crowd Boos Reporters Quizzing Him". Los Angeles Times. August 20, 1988. Archived from the original on March 25, 2024. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
29. ^ a b "Quayle defends avoiding Vietnam". Tampa Bay Times. Archived from the original on March 25, 2024. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
30. ^ "Quayle Admits Joining Guard Cut Risks : Draft: Vice president defends his actions during Vietnam in light of questions Bush camp has raised about Clinton's avoidance of military service". Los Angeles Times. September 21, 1992. Archived from the original on March 25, 2024. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
31. ^ "Quayle dismisses questions about his military record - UPI Archives". UPI. Retrieved March 25, 2024.
32. ^ Young Film Director Oliver Stone On Vietnam -- My Complete Interview, January 12, 2020, archived from the original on March 25, 2024, retrieved March 25, 2024
33. ^ "Quayle Backs Group's Effort To Head Off Asteroid Threat", The Seattle Times, May 16, 1990.
34. ^ "Dan Quayle on Running for Vice President: 'It's Not the Easiest Job'" Archived December 20, 2016, at the Wayback Machine. Indianapolis Monthly. October 4, 2016. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
35. ^ a b Fortin, Jacey (January 26, 2018). "That Time 'Murphy Brown' and Dan Quayle Topped the Front Page". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022.
36. ^ "Dan Quayle vs. Murphy Brown". Time. June 1, 1992. Archived from the original on August 25, 2013. Retrieved June 24, 2010.
37. ^ Coontz, Stephanie (May 1, 2005). "For Better, For Worse". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on November 7, 2012. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
38. ^ "Candice Bergen agrees with Quayle". CNN. Associated Press. July 11, 2002. Archived from the original on March 28, 2008.
39. ^ Howard Rich (September 25, 2012). "The Stunning, Sudden Reversal of Economic Freedom In America". Forbes. Archived from the original on September 22, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
40. ^ Dowd, Maureen (June 25, 1989). "The Education of Dan Quayle". The New York Times Magazine. Archived from the original on June 14, 2018. Retrieved September 22, 2018.
41. ^ William Boot (Christopher Hanson) (September–October 1991). "Dan Quayle: The Sequel". Columbia Journalism Review. Archived from the original on January 22, 2004.
42. ^ Mickle, Paul. "1992: Gaffe with an 'e' at the end". Capitalcentury.com. Archived from the original on July 15, 2006. Retrieved July 1, 2006.
43. ^ Fass, Mark (August 29, 2004). "How Do You Spell Regret? One Man's Take on It". The New York Times. Archived from the original on March 23, 2009. Retrieved March 20, 2009.
44. ^ "Mr. Quayle's 'e' for Effort". The New York Times. June 17, 1992. Archived from the original on February 18, 2017. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
45. ^ Bumiller, Elisabeth (July 15, 2004). "Rumor has it that Cheney's on way out / Theory appears far-fetched but is making the rounds". The San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on October 10, 2008. Retrieved February 15, 2021.
46. ^ Time, "Quayle Vs. Gore" Archived October 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine, October 19, 1992. Retrieved August 29, 2008.
47. ^ Witt, Karen De (September 14, 1992). "The 1992 Campaign: The Vice President; Quayle Contends Homosexuality Is a Matter of Choice, Not Biology". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on January 15, 2018. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
48. ^ Rosenbaum, David E. (October 14, 1992). "The 1992 Campaign: James Stockdale; Reluctant Politician Tempers Professional Edge". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 19, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
49. ^ Toner, Robin (October 14, 1992). "The 1992 Campaign: The Debate; Quayle and Gore Exchange Sharp Attacks in Debate". The New York Times. Archived from the original on September 19, 2018. Retrieved September 19, 2018.
50. ^ "FAIR Media Advisory: Post-Debate Fact-Checking Is Media's Main Job". Fair.org. September 29, 2004. Archived from the original on December 4, 2014. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
51. ^ "Debate Transcript, Commission on Presidential Debates". Archived from the original on October 9, 2009.
52. ^ Columbia Journalism Review, September/October 1993 ""Leading the Polls". Archived from the original on October 2, 2006. Retrieved January 8, 2007.
53. ^ a b c d e f g h "Dan Quayle". p2000.us. Archived from the original on June 2, 2021. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
54. ^ "Outlook: Dan Quayle on the tea party, Palin and Ross Perot". The Washington Post. April 5, 2010. Archived from the original on February 8, 2011. Retrieved October 15, 2012.
55. ^ a b "David Broder on PBS Newshour". PBS. September 27, 1999. Archived from the original on January 14, 2012. Retrieved January 4, 2012.
56. ^ "J. Danforth Quayle - Cerberus Capital Management". Archived from the original on July 6, 2016. Retrieved July 3, 2016.
57. ^ Konrad, Yakabuski (April 30, 2004). "The prime of Brian Mulroney". The Globe and Mail. Archived from the original on October 15, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
58. ^ "Quayle Plans a Bid in 2000 For President". The New York Times. Reuters. January 22, 1999. Archived from the original on September 16, 2018. Retrieved September 16, 2018.
59. ^ Conolly, Ceci (January 22, 1999). "Dan Quayle plans presidential campaign". Newspapers.com. The Spokesman-Review. Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 22, 2022. Retrieved May 29, 2021.
60. ^ "Board of Directors website". Heckmann corporation. Archived from the original on March 16, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
61. ^ "RightWeb.com profile for J. Danforth Quayle". Archived from the original on January 22, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
62. ^ "CampaignMoney.com donation page for Quayle for Congress, 2010 election cycle". Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved March 10, 2011.
63. ^ "S-1/A". www.sec.gov. Archived from the original on April 21, 2017. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
64. ^ B. Drummond Ayres Jr. (February 11, 2001). "Political Briefing; From Arizona, Talk Of a Bid by Quayle". The New York Times. Retrieved September 4, 2008.
65. ^ "Dan Quayle Urges Pollard Release" Archived November 12, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, J. The Jewish News of Northern California, February 10, 2011.
66. ^ Halperin, Mark (December 5, 2011). "Quayle to Endorse Romney". The Page. Time Inc. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015. Retrieved April 1, 2015.
67. ^ Murtagh, Peter (September 17, 2016). "Project Eagle: Inside the £1.24bn Nama deal in the North". The Irish Times. Archived from the original on September 18, 2016. Retrieved September 19, 2016.
68. ^ a b Orfanides, Effie (December 5, 2018). "Dan Quayle, George Bush's Vice President: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". Archived from the original on December 15, 2018. Retrieved December 12, 2018.
69. ^ "Jeb Bush's Arizona supporters include Dan Quayle, Fife Symington". The Arizona Republic. October 28, 2015. Archived from the original on March 18, 2016.
70. ^ "HUGE: Former VP Dan Quayle Endorses Trump, Says 'I Think He Can Win'!". enVolve. July 30, 2016. Archived from the original on October 24, 2020. Retrieved January 15, 2021.
71. ^ "Dan Quayle Visits Trump Tower to Offer 'Personal Congratulations'". ABC News. November 29, 2016.[permanent dead link]
72. ^ Stanley-Becker, Isaac (September 14, 2021). "Top general was so fearful Trump might spark war that he made secret calls to his Chinese counterpart, new book says". Washington Post. Archived from the original on September 15, 2021. Retrieved September 14, 2021.
73. ^ Chamlee, Virginia (September 16, 2021). "How Dan Quayle Helped Convince Mike Pence Not to Overturn Election, According to New Book: 'Forget It'". people.com. Archived from the original on February 6, 2022. Retrieved February 6, 2022.
74. ^ "Who was at Biden's inauguration". The Washington Post. Retrieved January 21, 2021.
75. ^ Mansfield, Erin (January 20, 2025). "Who attended Donald Trump's inauguration? Here's a partial list". USA Today. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
76. ^ "Guardian of the Quayle Image". The Washington Post. January 10, 1992. Archived from the original on April 2, 2019. Retrieved March 18, 2019.
77. ^ Donnie Radcliffe (October 31, 1989). "At the Quayles', Tight Security for Trick-Or-Treaters". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on January 4, 2019. Retrieved January 29, 2019.
78. ^ Mike Sunnucks (2015). "Quayle forms new lobbying, consulting firm". Phoenix Business Journal. Archived from the original on September 7, 2019. Retrieved April 10, 2019.
79. ^ "David Schweikert Defeats Ben Quayle In Arizona Republican Primary". August 29, 2012. Archived from the original on August 4, 2020. Retrieved April 10, 2019.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Richard F. Fenno Jr., The Making of a Senator: Dan Quayle, Congressional Quarterly Press, 1989. ISBN 0-87187-506-3. online free to borrow
* What a Waste It Is to Lose One's Mind: The Unauthorized Autobiography of Dan Quayle, Quayle Quarterly (published by Rose Communications), April 1992, ISBN 0-9629162-2-6.
* Joe Queenan, Imperial Caddy: The Rise of Dan Quayle in America and the Decline and Fall of Practically Everything Else, Hyperion Books; October 1992 (1st edition). ISBN 1-56282-939-4.

## External links

[edit]

Dan Quayle at Wikipedia's sister projects

* Definitions from Wiktionary
* Media from Commons
* Quotations from Wikiquote
* Texts from Wikisource

* Biography at the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
* Appearances on C-SPAN
* Dan Quayle at IMDb
* Campaign contributions made by Dan Quayle
* "Reflections on Urban America" speech to the Commonwealth Club of California ("Murphy Brown speech"): Transcript, Audio Archived September 28, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
* List of Quayle quotations Archived June 18, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
* Another list of Quayle quotations Archived May 18, 2019, at the Wayback Machine
* Vice Presidential Museum at the Dan Quayle Center
* VP Quayle Receives DePauw's McNaughton Medal for Public Service; October 26, 1990 Archived July 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
* Genealogy of the family of J. Danforth Quayle Archived March 4, 2016, at the Wayback Machine
* Ubben Lecture at DePauw University; March 31, 2015 Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine

U.S. House of Representatives

Preceded by

Edward Roush

|  Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Indiana's 4th congressional district
1977–1981  | Succeeded by

Dan Coats

Party political offices
Preceded by

Dick Lugar

|  Republican nominee for U.S. Senator from Indiana
(Class 3)
1980, 1986 | Succeeded by

Dan Coats

Preceded by

George H. W. Bush

|  Republican nominee for Vice President of the United States
1988, 1992 | Succeeded by

Jack Kemp

U.S. Senate
Preceded by

Birch Bayh

|  United States Senator (Class 3) from Indiana
1981–1989
Served alongside: Richard Lugar | Succeeded by

Dan Coats

Political offices
Preceded by

George H. W. Bush

|  Vice President of the United States
1989–1993  | Succeeded by

Al Gore

U.S. order of precedence (ceremonial)
Preceded by

Joe Biden

as former president  |  Order of precedence of the United States
former vice president | Succeeded by

Al Gore

as former vice president

* v
* t
* e

Dan Quayle

* 44th Vice President of the United States (1989–1993)
* U.S. Senator from Indiana (1981–1989)
* U.S. Representative for IN–4 (1977–1981)

Electoral history|

| U.S. House|

* 1976
* 1978

|

U.S. Senate|

* 1980
* 1986

Vice presidential|

* 1988 campaign
* selection
* convention
* debate
* election
* transition
* 1992 campaign
* convention
* debate
* election
* Clinton transition

Presidential|

* 2000 campaign

Legacy and
public image|

* Senator, you're no Jack Kennedy
* Vice presidency
* Murphy Brown speech
* Gaffes
* Danny Goes to Mars
* Quayle Vice Presidential Learning Center

Related|

* Cerberus Capital Management

Family and
personal life|

* Eugene C. Pulliam (grandfather)
* James C. Quayle (father)
* Nina Mason Pulliam (mother)
* Marilyn Quayle (wife)
* Ben Quayle (son)

* ← George H. W. Bush
* Al Gore →

* * *

Articles related to Dan Quayle

* v
* t
* e

United States senators from Indiana

Class 1|

* Noble
* Hanna
* Tipton
* White
* Bright
* Wright
* Turpie
* T. Hendricks
* Pratt
* McDonald
* Harrison
* Turpie
* Beveridge
* Kern
* New
* Ralston
* Robinson
* Minton
* Willis
* Jenner
* Hartke
* Lugar
* Donnelly
* Braun
* Banks

Class 3|

* Taylor
* W. Hendricks
* Smith
* Hannegan
* Whitcomb
* Cathcart
* Pettit
* Fitch
* Lane
* Morton
* Voorhees
* Fairbanks
* Hemenway
* Shively
* Taggart
* Watson
* Van Nuys
* Jackson
* Jenner
* Capehart
* Bayh II
* Quayle
* Coats
* Bayh III
* Coats
* Young

* v
* t
* e

Vice presidents of the United States

1. John Adams (1789–1797)
2. Thomas Jefferson (1797–1801)
3. Aaron Burr (1801–1805)
4. George Clinton (1805–1812)
5. Elbridge Gerry (1813–1814)
6. Daniel D. Tompkins (1817–1825)
7. John C. Calhoun (1825–1832)
8. Martin Van Buren (1833–1837)
9. Richard M. Johnson (1837–1841)
10. John Tyler (1841)
11. George M. Dallas (1845–1849)
12. Millard Fillmore (1849–1850)
13. William R. King (1853)
14. John C. Breckinridge (1857–1861)
15. Hannibal Hamlin (1861–1865)
16. Andrew Johnson (1865)
17. Schuyler Colfax (1869–1873)
18. Henry Wilson (1873–1875)
19. William A. Wheeler (1877–1881)
20. Chester A. Arthur (1881)
21. Thomas A. Hendricks (1885)
22. Levi P. Morton (1889–1893)
23. Adlai Stevenson (1893–1897)
24. Garret Hobart (1897–1899)
25. Theodore Roosevelt (1901)
26. Charles W. Fairbanks (1905–1909)
27. James S. Sherman (1909–1912)
28. Thomas R. Marshall (1913–1921)
29. Calvin Coolidge (1921–1923)
30. Charles G. Dawes (1925–1929)
31. Charles Curtis (1929–1933)
32. John N. Garner (1933–1941)
33. Henry A. Wallace (1941–1945)
34. Harry S. Truman (1945)
35. Alben W. Barkley (1949–1953)
36. Richard Nixon (1953–1961)
37. Lyndon B. Johnson (1961–1963)
38. Hubert Humphrey (1965–1969)
39. Spiro Agnew (1969–1973)
40. Gerald Ford (1973–1974)
41. Nelson Rockefeller (1974–1977)
42. Walter Mondale (1977–1981)
43. George H. W. Bush (1981–1989)
44. Dan Quayle (1989–1993)
45. Al Gore (1993–2001)
46. Dick Cheney (2001–2009)
47. Joe Biden (2009–2017)
48. Mike Pence (2017–2021)
49. Kamala Harris (2021–2025)
50. JD Vance (2025–present)

* Category
* List

* v
* t
* e

Unsuccessful major party candidates for Vice President of the United States

1. George Clinton (1792)
2. Thomas Pinckney (1796)
3. Aaron Burr (1796)
4. Charles C. Pinckney (1800)
5. Rufus King (1804, 1808)
6. Jared Ingersoll (1812)
7. John E. Howard (1816)
8. Nathan Sanford (1824)
9. Nathaniel Macon (1824)
10. Richard Rush (1828)
11. John Sergeant (1832)
12. Francis Granger (1836)
13. John Tyler (1836)
14. Richard M. Johnson (1840)
15. Theodore Frelinghuysen (1844)
16. William O. Butler (1848)
17. William A. Graham (1852)
18. William L. Dayton (1856)
19. Herschel V. Johnson (1860)
20. George H. Pendleton (1864)
21. Francis P. Blair Jr. (1868)
22. B. Gratz Brown (1872)
23. Thomas A. Hendricks (1876)
24. William H. English (1880)
25. John A. Logan (1884)
26. Allen G. Thurman (1888)
27. Whitelaw Reid (1892)
28. Arthur Sewall (1896)
29. Adlai Stevenson I (1900)
30. Henry G. Davis (1904)
31. John W. Kern (1908)
32. James S. Sherman (1912)
33. Charles W. Fairbanks (1916)
34. Franklin D. Roosevelt (1920)
35. Charles W. Bryan (1924)
36. Joseph T. Robinson (1928)
37. Charles Curtis (1932)
38. Frank Knox (1936)
39. Charles L. McNary (1940)
40. John W. Bricker (1944)
41. Earl Warren (1948)
42. John Sparkman (1952)
43. Estes Kefauver (1956)
44. Henry Cabot Lodge Jr. (1960)
45. William E. Miller (1964)
46. Edmund Muskie (1968)
47. Sargent Shriver (1972)
48. Bob Dole (1976)
49. Walter Mondale (1980)
50. Geraldine Ferraro (1984)
51. Lloyd Bentsen (1988)
52. Dan Quayle (1992)
53. Jack Kemp (1996)
54. Joe Lieberman (2000)
55. John Edwards (2004)
56. Sarah Palin (2008)
57. Paul Ryan (2012)
58. Tim Kaine (2016)
59. Mike Pence (2020)
60. Tim Walz (2024)

* All vice presidential candidates
* Vice presidents

* v
* t
* e

Republican Party

* History
* National Union Party
* Third Party System
* Fourth Party System
* Fifth Party System
* Sixth Party System

Presidential
tickets,
national
conventions,
and
presidential
primaries|

* 1856 (Philadelphia): Frémont/Dayton
* 1860 (Chicago): Lincoln/Hamlin
* 1864 (Baltimore): Lincoln/Johnson
* 1868 (Chicago): Grant/Colfax
* 1872 (Philadelphia): Grant/Wilson
* 1876 (Cincinnati): Hayes/Wheeler
* 1880 (Chicago): Garfield/Arthur
* 1884 (Chicago): Blaine/Logan
* 1888 (Chicago): Harrison/Morton
* 1892 (Minneapolis): Harrison/Reid
* 1896 (Saint Louis): McKinley/Hobart
* 1900 (Philadelphia): McKinley/Roosevelt
* 1904 (Chicago): Roosevelt/Fairbanks
* 1908 (Chicago): Taft/Sherman
* 1912 (Chicago): Taft/Sherman/Butler
* primaries
* 1916 (Chicago): Hughes/Fairbanks
* primaries
* 1920 (Chicago): Harding/Coolidge
* primaries
* 1924 (Cleveland): Coolidge/Dawes
* primaries
* 1928 (Kansas City): Hoover/Curtis
* primaries
* 1932 (Chicago): Hoover/Curtis
* primaries
* 1936 (Cleveland): Landon/Knox
* primaries
* 1940 (Philadelphia): Willkie/McNary
* primaries
* 1944 (Chicago): Dewey/Bricker
* primaries
* 1948 (Philadelphia): Dewey/Warren
* primaries
* 1952 (Chicago): Eisenhower/Nixon
* primaries
* 1956 (San Francisco): Eisenhower/Nixon
* primaries
* 1960 (Chicago): Nixon/Lodge
* primaries
* 1964 (San Francisco): Goldwater/Miller
* primaries
* 1968 (Miami Beach): Nixon/Agnew
* primaries
* 1972 (Miami Beach): Nixon/Agnew
* primaries
* 1976 (Kansas City): Ford/Dole
* primaries
* 1980 (Detroit): Reagan/G. H. W. Bush
* primaries
* 1984 (Dallas): Reagan/G. H. W. Bush
* primaries
* 1988 (New Orleans): G. H. W. Bush/Quayle
* primaries
* 1992 (Houston): G. H. W. Bush/Quayle
* primaries
* 1996 (San Diego): Dole/Kemp
* primaries
* 2000 (Philadelphia): G. W. Bush/Cheney
* primaries
* 2004 (New York): G. W. Bush/Cheney
* primaries
* 2008 (St. Paul): McCain/Palin
* primaries
* 2012 (Tampa): Romney/Ryan
* primaries
* 2016 (Cleveland): Trump/Pence
* primaries
* 2020 (Charlotte/other locations): Trump/Pence
* primaries
* 2024 (Milwaukee): Trump/Vance
* primaries
* 2028 (Houston)

Presidential
administrations|

* Lincoln (1861–1865)
* Johnson (1865–1868)
* Grant (1869–1877)
* Hayes (1877–1881)
* Garfield (1881)
* Arthur (1881–1885)
* Harrison (1889–1893)
* McKinley (1897–1901)
* Roosevelt (1901–1909)
* Taft (1909–1913)
* Harding (1921–1923)
* Coolidge (1923–1929)
* Hoover (1929–1933)
* Eisenhower (1953–1961)
* Nixon (1969–1974)
* Ford (1974–1977)
* Reagan (1981–1989)
* G. H. W. Bush (1989–1993)
* G. W. Bush (2001–2009)
* Trump (2017–2021; 2025–present)

U.S. Senate
leaders
and
Conference
chairs|

* J. P. Hale (1859–1862)
* Anthony (1862–1884)
* Sherman (1884–1885)
* Edmunds (1885–1891)
* Sherman (1891–1897)
* Allison (1897–1908)
* E. Hale (1908–1911)
* Cullom (1911–1913)
* Gallinger (1913–1918)
* Lodge (1918–1924)
* Curtis (1924–1929)
* Watson (1929–1933)
* McNary (1933–1940)
* Austin (1940–1941)
* McNary (1941–1944)
* White (1944–1949)
* Wherry (1949–1952)
* Bridges (1952–1953)
* Taft (1953)
* Knowland (1953–1959)
* Dirksen (1959–1969)
* Scott (1969–1977)
* Baker (1977–1979)
* Stevens (1979–1980)
* Baker (1980–1985)
* Dole (1985–1996)
* Lott (1996–2003)
* Frist (2003–2007)
* McConnell (2007–2025)
* Thune (2025–present)

U.S. House
leaders,
Speakers,
and
Conference
chairs|

* Pennington (1860–1861)
* Grow (1861–1863)
* Colfax (1863–1869)
* Pomeroy (1869)
* Blaine (1869–1875)
* McCrary (1875–1877)
* Hale (1877–1879)
* Frye (1879–1881)
* Keifer (1881–1883)
* Cannon (1883–1889)
* Reed (1889–1891)
* T. J. Henderson (1891–1895)
* Reed (1895–1899)
* D. B. Henderson (1899–1903)
* Cannon (1903–1911)
* Mann (1911–1919)
* Gillett (1919–1925)
* Longworth (1925–1931)
* Snell (1931–1939)
* Martin (1939–1959)
* Halleck (1959–1965)
* Ford (1965–1973)
* Rhodes (1973–1981)
* Michel (1981–1995)
* Gingrich (1995–1999)
* Hastert (1999–2007)
* Boehner (2007–2015)
* Ryan (2015–2019)
* McCarthy (2019–2023)
* Johnson (2023–present)

RNC|

| Chairs|

* Morgan
* Raymond
* Ward
* Claflin
* Morgan
* Chandler
* Cameron
* Jewell
* Sabin
* Jones
* Quay
* Clarkson
* Campbell
* Carter
* Hanna
* Payne
* Cortelyou
* New
* Hitchcock
* Hill
* Rosewater
* Hilles
* Wilcox
* Hays
* Adams
* Butler
* Work
* Huston
* Fess
* Sanders
* Fletcher
* Hamilton
* Martin
* Walsh
* Spangler
* Brownell
* Reece
* Scott
* Gabrielson
* Summerfield
* Roberts
* Hall
* Alcorn
* T. Morton
* Miller
* Burch
* Bliss
* R. Morton
* Dole
* Bush
* Smith
* Brock
* Richards
* Laxalt/Fahrenkopf
* Fahrenkopf
* Atwater
* Yeutter
* Bond
* Barbour
* Nicholson
* Gilmore
* Racicot
* Gillespie
* Mehlman
* Martínez/Duncan
* Duncan
* Steele
* Priebus
* McDaniel
* Whatley

|

Chair elections|

* 2009
* 2011
* 2013
* 2015
* 2017
* 2019
* 2021
* 2023
* 2024

Parties by
state and
territory|

| State|

* Alabama
* Alaska
* Arizona
* Arkansas
* California
* Colorado
* Connecticut
* Delaware
* Florida
* Georgia
* Hawaii
* Idaho
* Illinois
* Indiana
* Iowa
* Kansas
* Kentucky
* Louisiana
* Maine
* Maryland
* Massachusetts
* Michigan
* Minnesota
* Mississippi
* Missouri
* Montana
* Nebraska
* Nevada
* New Hampshire
* New Jersey
* New Mexico
* New York
* North Carolina
* North Dakota
* Ohio
* Oklahoma
* Oregon
* Pennsylvania
* Rhode Island
* South Carolina
* South Dakota
* Tennessee
* Texas
* Utah
* Vermont
* Virginia
* Washington
* West Virginia
* Wisconsin
* Wyoming

|

Territory|

* American Samoa
* District of Columbia
* Guam
* Northern Mariana Islands
* Puerto Rico
* Virgin Islands

Affiliated
organizations|

| Congress|

* House Conference
* Legislative Digest
* Steering and Policy Committees
* Senate Conference
* Policy Committee
* Factions
* Freedom Caucus
* Problem Solvers Caucus
* Republican Governance Group
* Republican Study Committee

|

Campaign
committees|

* National Republican Congressional Committee
* National Republican Redistricting Trust
* National Republican Senatorial Committee
* Republican Attorneys General Association
* Republican Governors Association

Constituency
groups|

* College Republicans
* Chairmen
* Congressional Hispanic Conference
* Log Cabin Republicans
* National Black Republican Association
* Republican Hindu Coalition
* Republican Jewish Coalition
* Republican Muslim Coalition
* Republican National Hispanic Assembly
* Republicans Abroad
* Teen Age Republicans
* Young Republicans
* Republicans Overseas

Factional
groups|

* Republican Main Street Partnership
* Republican Majority for Choice
* Republican Liberty Caucus
* Republican National Coalition for Life
* ConservAmerica
* Liberty Caucus
* Ripon Society
* The Wish List

Related|

* Primaries
* Debates
* Bibliography
* International Democracy Union
* Three Legged Stool
* Timeline of modern American conservatism
* Trumpism

* v
* t
* e

Cabinet of President George H. W. Bush (1989–1993)

Cabinet

Vice President|

* Dan Quayle (1989–1993)

Secretary of State|

* James Baker (1989–1992)
* Lawrence Eagleburger (1992–1993)

Secretary of the Treasury|

* Nicholas F. Brady (1989–1993)

Secretary of Defense|

* Dick Cheney (1989–1993)

Attorney General|

* Dick Thornburgh (1989–1991)
* William Barr (1991–1993)

Secretary of the Interior|

* Manuel Lujan Jr. (1989–1993)

Secretary of Agriculture|

* Clayton Yeutter (1989–1991)
* Ed Madigan (1991–1993)

Secretary of Commerce|

* Robert Mosbacher (1989–1992)
* Barbara Franklin (1992–1993)

Secretary of Labor|

* Elizabeth Dole (1989–1990)
* Lynn M. Martin (1991–1993)

Secretary of Health and Human Services|

* Louis W. Sullivan (1989–1993)

Secretary of Housing and Urban Development|

* Jack Kemp (1989–1993)

Secretary of Transportation|

* Samuel K. Skinner (1989–1991)
* Andrew Card (1992–1993)

Secretary of Energy|

* James D. Watkins (1989–1993)

Secretary of Education|

* Lauro Cavazos (1989–1990)
* Lamar Alexander (1991–1993)

Secretary of Veterans Affairs|

* Ed Derwinski (1989–1992)

Cabinet-level

Director of the Office of Management and Budget|

* Richard Darman (1989–1993)

Trade Representative|

* Carla Anderson Hills (1989–1993)

Counselor to the President|

* None (1989–1992)
* Clayton Yeutter (1992–1993)

* v
* t
* e

Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Indiana

1st district|

* Prince
* Call
* Boon
* Blake
* Boon
* Proffit
* R. Owen
* Embree
* Albertson
* Lockhart
* Miller
* Lockhart
* Niblack
* Law
* Niblack
* Fuller
* Heilman
* Kleiner
* Hovey
* Posey
* Parrett
* Taylor
* Hemenway
* Foster
* Boehne Sr.
* Lieb
* Denton
* Luhring
* W. Wilson
* Rowbottom
* Boehne Jr.
* Schulte
* Madden
* Benjamin
* Hall
* Visclosky
* Mrvan

2nd district|

* Jennings
* J. Carr
* Ewing
* J. W. Davis
* Ewing
* J. W. Davis
* Thompson
* Henley
* Dunham
* English
* Cravens
* Kerr
* Wolfe
* J. Williams
* Humphreys
* Cobb
* O'Neall
* Bretz
* Hardy
* Miers
* Chaney
* Cullop
* Bland
* Greenwood
* Durgan
* Halleck
* Landgrebe
* Fithian
* Sharp
* McIntosh
* M. Pence
* Chocola
* Donnelly
* Walorski
* Yakym

3rd district|

* Test
* O. Smith
* Test
* Carty
* J. Carr
* Graham
* J. Carr
* J. L. White
* T. Smith
* J. L. Robinson
* Dunham
* G. G. Dunn
* Hughes
* W. Dunn
* Harrington
* R. Hill
* Hunter
* Holman
* Kerr
* N. Carr
* Bicknell
* Stockslager
* Howard
* J. Brown
* Tracewell
* Zenor
* Cox
* Dunbar
* Gardner
* Dunbar
* Crowe
* Pettengill
* Grant
* Crook
* S. Crumpacker
* Nimtz
* Brademas
* Hiler
* Roemer
* Souder
* Stutzman
* Banks
* Stutzman

4th district|

* A. Lane
* G. H. Dunn
* T. Smith
* Cravens
* C. Smith
* Julian
* Parker
* J. Lane
* Cumback
* Foley
* Holman
* Farquhar
* Holman
* Julian
* Je. Wilson
* New
* Sexton
* New
* Holman
* Watson
* Holman
* Griffith
* Dixon
* Benham
* Canfield
* Farley
* Gillie
* Kruse
* Adair
* Roush
* Quayle
* Coats
* Long
* Souder
* Buyer
* Rokita
* Baird

5th district|

* McCarty
* Rariden
* Kennedy
* W. Brown
* Wick
* W. Brown
* Hendricks
* Parker
* Holloway
* Kilgore
* Julian
* Coburn
* Holman
* Browne
* Matson
* Cooper
* Overstreet
* Faris
* Holliday
* Moss
* Sanders
* N. Johnson
* Gillen
* Griswold
* Harness
* Walsh
* Beamer
* Roush
* Roudebush
* Hillis
* Jontz
* Buyer
* Burton
* Brooks
* Spartz

6th district|

* Kinnard
* Herod
* Wick
* Wallace
* J. W. Davis
* G. G. Dunn
* Gorman
* Hendricks
* Barbour
* Gregg
* Porter
* Dumont
* Coburn
* Voorhees
* Hunter
* M. Robinson
* W. Myers
* Browne
* H. Johnson
* Watson
* Barnard
* Gray
* Comstock
* Elliott
* Larrabee
* Jenckes
* N. Johnson
* Harden
* Wampler
* Roudebush
* Bray
* D. Evans
* Burton
* M. Pence
* Messer
* G. Pence
* Shreve

7th district|

* Hannegan
* A. White
* Howard
* H. S. Lane
* Wright
* McGaughey
* Thompson
* McGaughey
* J. G. Davis
* Scott
* J. G. Davis
* Voorhees
* Washburn
* Orth
* Manson
* Cason
* Landers
* Hanna
* Matyr
* Peelle
* English
* Bynum
* Henry
* Overstreet
* Korbly
* Moores
* Updike
* Ludlow
* Greenwood
* Landis
* Noland
* Bray
* J. Myers
* Pease
* Kerns
* J. Carson
* A. Carson

8th district|

* Pettit
* McDonald
* Mace
* Ja. Wilson
* A. White
* Orth
* Tyner
* Hunter
* Hostetler
* Peirce
* Lamb
* Johnston
* Brookshire
* Faris
* Henry
* Cromer
* Adair
* Vestal
* Boehne Jr.
* La Follette
* E. Mitchell
* Denton
* Merrill
* Denton
* Zion
* Hayes
* Cornwell
* Deckard
* McCloskey
* Hostettler
* Ellsworth
* Bucshon
* Messmer

9th district|

* Sample
* Cathcart
* Fitch
* Eddy
* Shanks
* Cason
* M. White
* Orth
* Doxey
* Ward
* Cheadle
* Waugh
* Hanly
* Landis
* Morrison
* Purnell
* Crowe
* E. Wilson
* Hogan
* E. Wilson
* L. Hamilton
* B. Hill
* Sodrel
* B. Hill
* Young
* Hollingsworth
* Houchin

10th district|

* Kennedy
* Rockhill
* Harlan
* Brenton
* Chamberlain
* Case
* W. Mitchell
* Edgerton
* Defrees
* W. Williams
* Sayler
* Haymond
* Calkins
* Motte
* T. Wood
* W. Owen
* Patton
* Hammond
* Hatch
* E. Crumpacker
* Peterson
* W. Wood
* Gray
* Springer
* Harvey
* Harmon
* Harvey
* Roudebush
* Dennis
* Sharp
* Jacobs Jr.
* J. Carson

11th district|

* Harlan
* Pettit
* Shanks
* McDowell
* Stilwell
* Shanks
* Packard
* J. Evans
* Cowgill
* Steele
* Martin
* Steele
* Landis
* Rauch
* Kraus
* Cook
* Hall
* Griswold
* Larrabee
* Ludlow
* Jacobs Sr.
* Brownson
* Barr
* Bruce
* Jacobs Jr.
* Hudnut
* Jacobs Jr.

12th district|

* A. Hamilton
* Colerick
* Lowry
* J. B. White
* McClellan
* McNagny
* Leighty
* J. M. Robinson
* Gilbert
* Gilhams
* Cline
* Fairfield
* Hogg
* Ludlow

13th district|

* Baker
* Calkins
* Shively
* Ford
* Shively
* Conn
* Royse
* Brick
* Barnhart
* Hickey
* Pettengill

At-large|

* Hendricks
* Jennings
* Packard / Orth / W. Williams

Territory|

* Parke
* Thomas
* Jennings

* v
* t
* e

(<- 1984) 1988 United States presidential election (1992 ->)

Republican Party|

* Convention
* Primaries
* results

Candidates|

* Nominee: George H. W. Bush
* campaign
* VP nominee: Dan Quayle

* Other candidates: Bob Dole
* Pete du Pont
* Ben Fernandez
* Alexander Haig
* Jack Kemp
* Paul Laxalt
* Isabell Masters
* Pat Robertson
* Donald Rumsfeld
* Harold Stassen

Democratic Party|

* Convention
* Primaries
* results

Candidates|

* Nominee: Michael Dukakis
* campaign
* VP nominee: Lloyd Bentsen

* Other candidates: Douglas Applegate
* Bruce Babbitt
* Joe Biden
* campaign
* positions
* David Duke
* Dick Gephardt
* Al Gore
* campaign
* Gary Hart
* Jesse Jackson
* campaign
* Lyndon LaRouche
* campaign
* positions
* Andy Martin
* Patricia Schroeder
* Paul Simon
* James Traficant

Third-party and independent candidates

Libertarian Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Ron Paul
* campaign
* positions
* VP nominee: Andre Marrou
* Other candidates: Jim Lewis
* Russell Means

New Alliance Party|

* Nominee: Lenora Fulani

Populist Party|

* Nominee: David Duke

Prohibition Party|

* Nominee: Earl Dodge
* VP nominee: George Ormsby

Socialist Equality Party|

* Nominee: Edward Winn

Socialist Party|

* Nominee: Willa Kenoyer
* VP nominee: Ron Ehrenreich

Socialist Workers Party|

* Nominee: James Warren
* VP nominee: Kathleen Mickells

Workers World Party|

* Nominee: Larry Holmes
* VP nominee: Gloria La Riva

Independents and others|

* Jack Herer
* Lyndon LaRouche
* Herbert G. Lewin
* William A. Marra
* Eugene McCarthy

* Other 1988 elections: House
* Senate
* Gubernatorial

* v
* t
* e

(<- 1988) 1992 United States presidential election (1996 ->)

Democratic Party|

Convention
Primaries

Candidates|

* Nominee: Bill Clinton
* campaign
* positions
* VP nominee: Al Gore

* Other candidates: Larry Agran
* Jerry Brown
* Tom Harkin
* campaign
* Bob Kerrey
* Lyndon LaRouche
* campaign
* positions
* Tom Laughlin
* Eugene McCarthy
* Paul Tsongas
* Douglas Wilder
* Charles Woods

Republican Party|

Convention
Primaries

Candidates|

* Incumbent nominee: George H. W. Bush
* campaign
* Incumbent VP nominee: Dan Quayle

* Other candidates: Pat Buchanan
* David Duke
* Jack Fellure
* Isabell Masters
* Pat Paulsen
* Tennie Rogers
* Harold Stassen

Independent|

* Candidate: Ross Perot
* campaign
* VP candidate: James Stockdale

Other independent and third-party candidates

Libertarian Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Andre Marrou
* VP nominee: Nancy Lord

Natural Law Party|

Nominee
John Hagelin
VP nominee
Mike Tompkins

New Alliance Party|

Nominee
Lenora Fulani
VP nominee
Maria Elizabeth Muñoz

Prohibition Party|

Nominee
Earl Dodge
VP nominee
George Ormsby

Socialist Party USA|

Nominee
J. Quinn Brisben
VP nominee
Barbara Garson

Socialist Workers Party|

Nominee
James Warren
VP nominee
Willie Mae Reid

U.S. Taxpayers Party|

Nominee
Howard Phillips
VP nominee
Albion W. Knight Jr.

Workers World Party|

Nominee
Gloria La Riva
VP nominee
Larry Holmes

Independents and other candidates|

Ronald Daniels (running mate: Asiba Tupahache)
Bo Gritz
Isabell Masters

Other 1992 elections
House
Senate
Gubernatorial

* v
* t
* e

(<- 1996) 2000 United States presidential election (2004 ->)

General election results
Florida results

Republican Party|

* Convention
* Primaries

Candidates|

* Nominee: George W. Bush
* campaign
* positions
* VP nominee: Dick Cheney

* Other candidates
* Lamar Alexander
* Gary Bauer
* Pat Buchanan
* campaign
* Herman Cain
* positions
* Elizabeth Dole
* Jack Fellure
* Steve Forbes
* Orrin Hatch
* campaign
* John Kasich
* campaign
* positions
* Alan Keyes
* campaign
* Andy Martin
* John McCain
* campaign
* positions
* Dan Quayle
* campaign
* Bob Smith

Democratic Party|

* Convention
* Primaries

Candidates|

* Nominee: Al Gore
* campaign
* VP nominee: Joe Lieberman
* positions

* Other candidates: Bill Bradley
* campaign
* Lyndon LaRouche
* campaign
* positions

Constitution Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Howard Phillips
* VP nominee: Curtis Frazier
* Other candidates: Herb Titus

Green Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Ralph Nader
* campaign
* VP nominee: Winona LaDuke
* Other candidates: Jello Biafra
* Stephen Gaskin
* Joel Kovel

Libertarian Party|

* Convention
* Nominee: Harry Browne
* campaign
* VP nominee: Art Olivier
* Other candidates:
* L. Neil Smith

Reform Party|

* Primaries
* Nominee: Pat Buchanan
* campaign
* VP nominee: Ezola B. Foster
* Other candidates: John Hagelin
* Donald Trump
* campaign
* positions

Natural Law Party|

* Nominee: John Hagelin
* VP nominee: Nat Goldhaber

Prohibition Party|

* Nominee: Earl Dodge
* VP nominee: W. Dean Watkins

Socialist Party|

* Nominee: David McReynolds
* VP nominee: Mary Cal Hollis

Socialist Workers Party|

* Nominee: James Harris
* VP nominee: Margaret Trowe

Workers World Party|

* Nominee: Monica Moorehead
* VP nominee: Gloria La Riva

Independent|

* Cathy Gordon Brown
* Charles E. Collins
* Isabell Masters
* Joe Schriner

Florida election recount and legal proceedings

Key figures|

* Katherine Harris
* Jeb Bush
* David Boies
*   * Theodore Olson
* James Baker
* Ron Klain
* Warren Christopher
* Michael Whouley
* Benjamin Ginsberg
* Bob Butterworth
* Joe Allbaugh
* Mac Stipanovich
* Craig Waters
* Theresa LePore
* Carol Roberts

Election day|

* Florida Central Voter File (scrub list)
* Volusia error
* Chad
* Butterfly ballot

Aftermath and
legal proceedings|

* Florida election recount
* Brooks Brothers riot
* Palm Beach County Canvassing Board v. Harris (Harris I)
* Gore v. Harris (Harris II)
* Bush v. Palm Beach County Canvassing Board
* Bush v. Gore

Films|

* Recount (2008)
* Bush Family Fortunes (2004)
* Unprecedented: The 2000 Presidential Election (2002)

Other 2000 elections
House
Senate
Gubernatorial

* v
* t
* e

Indiana's delegation(s) to the 95th-100th United States Congress (ordered by seniority)

| 95th |

Senate:

* ▌B. Bayh (D)
* ▌R. Lugar (R)

House:

* ▌J. Brademas (D)
* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌E. Hillis (R)
* ▌D. Evans (D)
* ▌F. Fithian (D)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌A. Benjamin (D)
* ▌D. Cornwell (D)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)

|
|

96th |

Senate:

* ▌B. Bayh (D)
* ▌R. Lugar (R)

House:

* ▌J. Brademas (D)
* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌E. Hillis (R)
* ▌D. Evans (D)
* ▌F. Fithian (D)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌A. Benjamin (D)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)
* ▌H. Deckard (R)

97th |

Senate:

* ▌R. Lugar (R)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)

House:

* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌E. Hillis (R)
* ▌D. Evans (D)
* ▌F. Fithian (D)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌A. Benjamin (D)
* ▌H. Deckard (R)
* ▌D. Coats (R)
* ▌J. Hiler (R)
* ▌K. Hall (D)

98th |

Senate:

* ▌R. Lugar (R)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)

House:

* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌E. Hillis (R)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌D. Coats (R)
* ▌J. Hiler (R)
* ▌K. Hall (D)
* ▌D. Burton (R)
* ▌F. McCloskey (D)

99th |

Senate:

* ▌R. Lugar (R)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)

House:

* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌E. Hillis (R)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌D. Coats (R)
* ▌J. Hiler (R)
* ▌D. Burton (R)
* ▌F. McCloskey (D)
* ▌P. Visclosky (D)

100th |

Senate:

* ▌R. Lugar (R)
* ▌D. Quayle (R)

* ▌D. Coats (R)

House:

* ▌L. Hamilton (D)
* ▌J. Myers (R)
* ▌A. Jacobs Jr. (D)
* ▌P. Sharp (D)
* ▌D. Coats (R)
* ▌J. Hiler (R)
* ▌D. Burton (R)
* ▌F. McCloskey (D)
* ▌P. Visclosky (D)
* ▌J. Jontz (D)
* ▌J. Long (D)

Portals:

* Biography
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Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
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National|

* Germany
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* BnF data
* Netherlands
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Academics|

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Artists|

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People|

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Other|

* IdRef
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