Deal or No Deal

TV show format

Not to be confused with the Star Wars: The Clone Wars animated TV series episode "Deal No Deal".

"Dond" redirects here. For the ruler, see Guðrøðr Rǫgnvaldsson.

This article is about the international television franchise. For articles for each of the national editions of the show, see International versions of Deal or No Deal. For the album by Wiz Khalifa, see Deal or No Deal (album).

Deal or No Deal

Created by| John de Mol Jr.
Original work| Miljoenenjacht (The Netherlands)
Owner| Banijay Entertainment[1]
Years| 2000–present

Deal or No Deal is the name of several closely related television game shows, the first of which (launching the format) was the Dutch Miljoenenjacht (Hunt/Chase for Millions).

The centerpiece of this format is the final round (a.k.a. the "case game" or "main game") which is played with up to 26 cases (or, in some versions, boxes), each containing randomly assigned sums of money. After the player for the case game is determined, this contender claims one case or a box at the start of the game, without its contents being revealed. The contestant then chooses the other cases or boxes, one at a time, to be immediately opened and removed from play. Throughout the game, the player is offered an amount of money or prizes to sell back their case and end the game, being asked the titular question, "Deal or No Deal?" If the contestant rejects every deal and eliminates all the other cases, the player keeps the money that was in their case. While almost all contestants win money, a winning outcome is dependent on whether the player should have taken one of the deals or should have held onto the original case or box until the very end.

## Gameplay

[edit]

The gameplay of the show differs from country to country. In some countries, there is a preliminary contest in which the studio audience is whittled down to one final contender by several trivia question rounds, this final contender then proceeds to the main game. This was the format used by the Dutch show "Miljoenenjacht" (Hunt/Chase for Millions) which initiated the "Deal or no Deal" game (originally the Dutch show was based on a German format called "Die Chance deines Lebens" (The Chance of your Lifetime) which was based on trivia questions and did not have the briefcase element at all). There are also some versions with the number of players equal to the number of cases, each player receives one case. Via a short trivia round or a random selection, one player is selected to be the contestant for the main game with their case. In other countries, there is only one preselected contestant who will play the main game without any preliminary contest.

The main game revolves around the opening of a set of numbered briefcases, each of which contains a different prize (cash or otherwise). The contents (i.e., the values) of all of the cases are known at the start of the game, but the specific location of any prize is unknown. The contestant claims (or is assigned) a case to begin the game. The case's value is not revealed until the conclusion of the game.

The contestant then begins choosing cases that are to be removed from play. The amount inside each chosen case is immediately revealed; by process of elimination, the amount revealed cannot be inside the case the contestant initially claimed (or was assigned). Throughout the game, after a predecided number of cases have been opened, the "Banker" offers the contestant an amount of money and/or prizes to quit the game; the offer is based roughly on the amounts remaining in play and the contestant's demeanor, so the bank tries to 'buy' the contestant's case for a lower price than what's inside the case. The player then answers the titular question, choosing:

* "Deal", accepting the offer presented and ending the game, or
* "No Deal", rejecting the offer and continuing the game.

This process of removing cases and receiving offers continues, until either the player accepts an offer to 'deal', or all offers have been rejected and the values of all unchosen cases are revealed. Should a player end the game by taking a deal, a pseudo-game is continued from that point to see how much the player could have won by remaining in the game. Depending on subsequent choices and offers, it is determined whether or not the contestant made a "good deal", i.e. won more than if the game were allowed to continue.

Since the range of possible values is known at the start of each game, how much the banker offers at any given point changes based on what values have been eliminated (i.e. the offer increases if lower values are eliminated and decreases if upper values are eliminated). To promote suspense and lengthen games, the banker's offer is usually less than the expected value dictated by probability theory, particularly early in the game.[2] Generally, the offers early in the game are very low relative to the values still in play, but near the end of the game approach (or even exceed) the average of the remaining values.

Only a few people have ever won the top prize on any version of the show (see table below). For a contestant to win the top prize the player would have to select the case containing the top prize and reject every offer the banker makes during the game. The chances of a player selecting the top prize are 4–5% depending on how many amounts are in the game.

## International versions

[edit]

Main article: International versions of Deal or No Deal

## Top prize winners

[edit]

Some of this section's listed sources may not be reliable. Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed. (December 2021) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

All amounts below the prizes are their equivalents in United States dollars at the time of their win.

Country | Name(s) | Date | Amount won | Previous offer | Other amount | Notes

|
|
|
|
|
|

Afghanistan گنجین/Ganjina | Mohammad Easa Sediqi | Prior to October 25, 2010 | Af. 1,000,000
($23,240) | Box Swap
(declined) | Af. 2,500
($58.10) | [3][4]
First top prize winner in Afghan history
(unknown) | Prior to November 28, 2012 | Af. 1,000,000
($19,569) | Af. 342,000
($6,693) | Af. 10,000
($196) | [5]
The banker first offered Af. 311,000, then Af. 342,000, then a chance to swap the boxes. All were declined. Rebroadcast June 5, 2013.
(unknown) | Prior to June 6, 2013 | Af. 1,000,000
($18,484) | Af. 355,500
($6,571) | Af. 30,000
($555) | The banker first offered Af. 263,300, then Af. 355,500. Both were declined. Rebroadcast June 6, 2013.
Algeria ادي ولا خلي/Eddi Ouela Kheli | Mohamed Meziane | July 7, 2015 | 10,000,000 DA
($100,450) | 3,200,000 DA
($32,144) | 200 DA
($2.01) |
Khemisti Mohammed bin Sayeh | March 15, 2016 | 5,000,000 DA + 1,000,000 DA
($45,117 + $9,023) | 177,000 DA
($1,597) | 10,000 DA
($90.23) | [6]
Won 5,000,000 DA from the box along with a 1,000,000 DA bonus.
Arab League Deal or No Deal | Abbas Hussein  | May 5, 2006  | $250,000  | $71,000  | $25,000  | [7]
Argentina Trato Hecho | Martín | October 3, 2021 | AR$2,000,000
($20,262) | AR$1,000,000
($10,131) | AR$400,000
($4,052) | [8]
Australia Deal or No Deal | Dean Cartechini | June 17, 2004 | A$200,000
($137,384) | A$102,500
($70,409) | A$5
($3.43) | First top prize winner.
Anh Do (celebrity) | September 19, 2007 | A$200,000
($167,238) | A$125,000
($104,524) | A$75,000
($62,714) | Second top prize winner. Money went to home viewer. The second celebrity (since David Graham) and the first to actually win the prize.
Leanne Benbow | June 2, 2010 | A$200,000
($166,630) | A$115,000
($95,812) | A$100,000
($83,315) | The first woman (and the third) to win the top prize. Had the "Dream Finish" – the last 2 cases were the highest 2 in the game.
Chris Doyle | August 23, 2011 | A$200,000
($208,014) | A$130,000
($135,209) | A$100,000
($104,007) | Last winner of the top prize before the series ends in 2013. Also had the "Dream Finish" – the last 2 cases were the highest 2 in the game.
Zali Muscatello  | February 26, 2025[note 1] | A$100,000 ($63,310)  | A$50,000 ($31,655)  | A$5,000 ($3,166)  | First top prize winner of the Channel 10 reboot.
Azerbaijan Davam Ya Tamam | Sevda  | March 26, 2017  | 30,000 AZN
($17,595)  | 15,000 AZN
($8,798)  | 1 AZN
($0.59)  | [9]
Rashad  | July 9, 2017  | 30,000 AZN
($17,627)  | 11,030 AZN
($6,481)
(Case swap accepted)  | 1,500 AZN
($881)  | [10]
Belize Tek It or Leave It | Valerie Stevens | March 3, 2009 | BZ$15,000
($7,615) | (Unknown) | (Unknown) | [11]
Brazil Topa ou Não Topa | Paulo | April 2007 | R$1,000,000
($490,000) | R$444,000
($218,000) | R$100
($49) |
Bulgaria Сделка или не Sdelka ili ne | Veneta Raykova
(Венета Райкова) (celebrity) | February 2006 | 75,000 BGN
($46,000) | (unknown) | (unknown) |
(unknown) | December 8, 2006 | 100,000 BGN
($67,986) | (unknown) | 5,000 BGN
($3,399) | [12]
Niki Kitaetsa
(Ники Китаеца) (celebrity) | September 18, 2007 | 100,000 BGN
($70,871) | 40,000 BGN
($28,348) | 1,000 BGN
($709) | [13]
Sevil Saliev
(Севил Салиев) | December 22, 2008 | 100,000 BGN
($71,179) | (unknown) | (unknown) | [14]
Mariela Pepeldzhiyska
(Мариела Пепелджийска) | January 23, 2012 | 100,000 BGN
($65,862) | Box Swap
(accepted) | 2,500 BGN
($1,647) | [15]
Plevenchaninat Iskren
(Плевенчанинът Искрен) | January 24, 2013 | 100,000 BGN
($67,988) | 25,000 BGN
($16,997) | 0.20 BGN
($0.14) | [16]
Cambodia ព្រម ឬមិនព្រម Prom Rer Min Prom | (Unknown) | February 2009 | 10,000,000 KHR
($2,410) | (unknown) | (unknown) | [17]
(Unknown) | February 2009 | 10,000,000 KHR
($2,405) | (unknown) | 750,000 KHR
($181) | [18]
Chile ¡Allá Tú! | Mauricio Hermosilla | May 4, 2007 | CL$10,000,000
($19,050) | CL$6,500,000
($12,383) | CL$5,000,000
($9,525) |
Farándula | August 29, 2007 | CL$10,000,000
($19,010) | Box Swap | CL$50,000
($95.05) |
Ecuador Trato Hecho | (unknown) | 2006 | $100,000 | (unknown) | $2,500 | [19]
Egypt لعبة الحياة
Lebet el Hayat | Amal Mohammad | Prior to November 16, 2009 | E£250,000
($45,825) | (unknown) | E£0.50
($0.09) |
Sameh | Prior to April 15, 2010 | E£250,000
($45,323) | (unknown) | E£0.50
($0.09) |
Marwa Ali | Prior to September 3, 2010 | E£500,000
($87,660) | Box Swap | E£250
($43.83) | [20]
Egypt ديل أور نو ديل: الإختيار
Deal or no deal: El Ikhtiyar | Sibai Wahba | September 12, 2012 | E£250,000
($41,037) | Box Swap
(accepted) | E£10,000
($1,641) | [21]
France À prendre ou à laisser | Mylène | March 4, 2004 | €500,000
($609,850) | Box Swap
(declined) | €100,000
($121,970) | [22][23]
Éric | March 29, 2004 | €500,000
($605,900) | €240,000
($290,832) | €10,000
($12,118) | [24]
The banker also offered box swap and €200,000.
Françoise | April 6, 2004 | €500,000
($604,500) | €375,000
($453,375) | €250,000
($302,250) | [25]
Pascal Olmeta  | July 17, 2004  | €620,000

($704,320)

| €620,000

($704,320)

| CD or €1,000,000

(CD or $1,923,200)

| Pascal dealt at €620,000.

This was a celebrity edition that was only hold for Saturday evenings, the jackpot was €1,000,000

Fred | February 28, 2005 | €500,000
($662,850) | (unknown) | (unknown) |
Sabrina | November 29, 2005 | €500,000
($590,030) | €350,000
($413,021) | €75,000
($88,505) | The banker also offered €200,000, €300,000 and €350,000; it is very rare for a contestant to have more than one or offers after a single round.
Vincent  | May 25, 2006  | €500,000

($568,000)

| Box swap

(declined)

| €250

($284)

| The joker box was a top prize of €630,000

($715,680) The joker box would originally have €10,000 per correct answer, But on the date of this episode, the joker box would be €30,000 for every correct answer, and 21 out of got it right.

Alexandria  | September 29, 2006  | €1,000,000

($1,802,000)

| (unknown)  | (unknown)  | On September 4, 2006, the jackpot of À prendre ou à laisser was changed from €500,000 to €1,000,000. Alexandria is the highest winner ever of À prendre ou à laisser.
Marie-Ange Franceschi | January 23, 2009 | €500,000
($650,280) | €210,000
($273,118) | €100,000
($130,056) | [26]
Sébastien | November 25, 2014 | €100,000
($124,240) | €31,000
($38,514) | €10
($12.42) | [27]
Georgia ვა-ბანკი Va-Bank | Rezo and Archil Arveladze (celebrities) | February 3, 2009 | 50,000 lari
($30,018) | 25,000 lari
($15,009) | 50 lari
($30.02) |
Greece Deal | Georgia Kastrada
(Γεωργία Καστράντα) | November 10, 2006 | €200,000
($256,702) | €80,000
($102,681) | €1,000
($1,284) | [28]
Received €100,000, another half was received by a text winner
Giorgos Gkantadakis
(Γιώργος Γκανταδάκης) | April 6, 2017 | €60,000
($63,858) | €47,000
($50,022) | €40,000
($42,572) | [29]
Argyris
(Αργύρης) | December 11, 2018 | €60,000
($62,709) | €25,000
($29,800) | €100
($112) | [30]
Argyris declined to buy Box 23, which would have doubled his winnings to €120,000.
Ioannis
(Ιωάννης) | December 13, 2021 | €60,000
($67,898) | €48,000
($54,319) | €40,000
($45,266) | [31]
Hungary Áll az alku | Szőke Sándor | May 23, 2006 | 50,000,000 Ft.
($238,000) | 13,000,000 Ft.
($61,900) | 6,000,000 Ft.
($28,600) | [32]
Bereczki Máté | October 19, 2006 | 100,000,000 Ft.
($469,770) | 9,500,000 Ft.
($44,630) | 25,000 Ft.
($117) | [33]
Csorba Árpád | April 26, 2010 | 21,000,000 Ft.
($106,680) | 15,000,000 Ft.
($76,200) | 13,000,000 Ft.
($66,040) | [34]
India Deal or No Deal | Ayushmann Khurrana (celebrity) | November 15, 2015 | ₹90,00,000

(₹9,000,000)
($136,445)

| ₹70,00,000

(₹7,000,000)
($106,124)

| ₹50,00,000

(₹5,000,000)
($75,803)

| His briefcase contained the top prize ₹1,00,00,000 but his winnings were reduced by 10% due to answering the final question wrong.
Italy Affari Tuoi | Roberto Pepi | February 4, 2004 | €500,000
($627,805) | €250,000
($305,687) | €15,000
($19,223) | [35]
Francesca Madeddu | December 16, 2004 | €500,000
($671,175) | €300,000
($402,705) | €25,000
($33,559) | [36][37]
Clarissa Meneghini | December 19, 2007 | €500,000
($719,525) | €170,000
($244,639) | €30,000
($43,172) | [38]
Danilo Anderlini | September 17, 2008 | €500,000
($714,575) | €170,000
($242,956) | €30,000
($42,875) | [38][39]
Francesca Cataldo | October 22, 2008 | €500,000
($666,895) | €185,000
($230,408) | €30,000
($40,014) | [40]
Roberto Caterina | November 23, 2008 | €500,000
($629,450) | €375,000
($472,088) | €250,000
($314,725) | [41]
Mara Ancelotti | January 1, 2009 | €500,000
($707,045) | €375,000
($530,284) | €250,000
($353,523) | [42]
Stefania Menegazzo | February 23, 2010 | €500,000
($680,020) | €104,000
($141,444) | Maghetto | [43]
Gabriele Calvello | March 17, 2012 | €1,000,000
($1,317,440) | €313,000
($412,359) | €0.20
($0.26) | [44]
The top prize was originally €500,000 as usual, but was doubled during the game when the player opened Pacco Matto (crazy box) and found Raddoppia (double).
Mauro Ghiraldini | November 21, 2012 | €500,000
($640,625) | €150,000
($192,188) | €30,000
($38,438) | [45]
Patrizia Montalbano | January 25, 2013 | €500,000
($668,467) | €350,000
($467,927) | €250,000
($334,234) | [46]
Pierangela Zaccaria | May 29, 2014 | €500,000
($682,054) | €172,000
($234,626) | €100
($136) | [47]
Also won a €1,000 Provaci bonus.
Alberto Bindi | May 17, 2016 | €500,000
($564,512) | €375,000
($423,384) | €250,000
($282,256) | [48]
Alessandro Corona | February 22, 2017 | €500,000
($528,650) | €200,000
($211,460) | €100,000
($105,730) |
Luca and Sara Sartori | May 17, 2024 | €300,000
($326,037) | €150,000
($163,019) | €75,000
($81,509) | [49]
Malta Deal or No Deal Malta | Maria (Doris) Abela | October 17, 2008 | €25,000
($33,601) | €19,500
($26,209) | €15,000
($20,160) |
Mexico Vas o No Vas | Elena | June 11, 2005 | Mex$5,000,000
($460,050) (Saturday) | (unknown) | (unknown) |
Luis | December 6, 2005 | Mex$1,000,000
($95,360) (weekday) | (unknown) | (unknown) |
Laura | March 2, 2006 | Mex$1,000,000
($95,580) (weekday) | Mex$700,000
($66,906) | Mex$400,000
($38,232) |
Paty | June 3, 2006 | Mex$1,000,000
($88,130) (weekday) | Mex$550,000
($48,472) | Mex$100,000
($8,813) |
Mexico ¿Te la juegas? | María | June 13, 2020 | Mex$1,000,000
($44,940) | Mex$725,000
($32,582) | Mex$500,000
($22,470) |
Javo | July 4, 2020 | Mex$1,000,000
($44,670) | Mex$303,000
($13,535) | Mex$50,000,
Mex$250,000 and
1 other Mex$1,000,000
($2,234, $11,168
and $44,670) |
Malaysia (in English) Deal or No Deal Malaysia | Timothy Shim | March 2, 2008 | RM100,000
($31,307) | RM 50,800
($15,904) | RM 250
($78.27) |
Myanmar Deal or No Deal | Min Thu Rein (မင်းသူရိန်) | March 16, 2015 | Ks.20,00,000
($1,930) | Ks.7,90,000
($762) | Ks.2,00,000
($193) | Rebroadcast March 31, 2015.
Netherlands Miljoenenjacht
Deal or No Deal | Arno Woesthoff | September 2, 2001 | fl.10,000,000
(€4,537,802)
($4,142,220) | Format not yet introduced[note 2] | Woesthoff was the biggest winner in worldwide game show history at the time of the show's airing; he would hold the record for almost 13 years until it was broken by Brad Rutter in 2014.
Eelco Schumacher | April 2, 2009 | €250,000
($331,468) | €170,000
($225,398) | €125,000
($165,734) |
Peru Trato Hecho/Vas o No Vas | Licet  | October 14, 2016  | S/.20,000
($5,877)  | Box Swap
(accepted)  | S/.7,500
($2,204)  | [50]
Philippines Kapamilya, Deal or No Deal | Terry Lim Cua | December 29, 2006 | P2,000,000
($40,740) | P1,400,000
($28,518) | P1,000,000
($20,370) | Cua was the only contestant to win P2,000,000 or more on the Filipino version.
Mike Levy  | June 22, 2008  | P15,700,000

($274,000)

| P15,700,000

($274,000)

| P28,615,500 or P42,923,250

($500,000 or $750,000)

| Deal or No Deal US was around the world in three different countries and one of them was in the Philippines.

Mike Levy is the highest winner of Kapamilya Deal or No Deal, including Around the world in the US.

Patrick Hook  | June 22, 2008  | P2,900,000

($71,000)

| P2,900,000

($71,000)

| $0.01 or $200,000

(P0.45 or P7,200,000)

| Deal or No Deal US was around the world in three different countries and one of them was in the Philippines.
Aiko Melendez and Candy Pangilinan (celebrities) | November 25, 2008 | P1,000,000
($20,220) | P345,001
($6,976) | P10
($0.20) | Christmas Edition (5 P1,000,000 cases)
Jhaphet Flordeliza | December 1, 2008 | P1,000,000
($20,400) | P150,000
($3,060) | P50
($1.02)
Arnel Pineda (celebrity) | December 11, 2008 | P1,000,000
($20,570) | P249,999
($5,142) | P200
($4.11)
Bearwin Meily (celebrity) | March 23, 2015 | P1,000,000
($22,312) | P614,000
($13,700) | P100,000
($2,231) |
Ara Mina (celebrity) | April 17, 2015 | P1,000,000
($22,626) | P355,000
($8,032) | P100
($2.26) |
Joyce Bernal and Bela Padilla (celebrities) | August 14, 2015 | P1,000,000
($21,656) | P699,000
($15,138) | P400,000
($8,662) |
Kaye Abad and Nikki Valdez (celebrities) | September 7, 2015 | P1,000,000
($21,281) | P510,000
($10,853) | P50,000
($1,064) |
Janine Tugonon (celebrity) | January 8, 2016 | P1,000,000
($21,164) | P650,000
($13,757) | P300,000
($6,349) |
Romania Batem palma? | David Neacșu | May 1, 2024 | 100,000 lei
($21,464) | 50,500 lei
($10,839) | 700 lei
($150) | [51]
Serbia Uzmi ili ostavi | Vidoje | October 19, 2007 | RSD 1,500,000
($24,475) | RSD 615,000
($10,035) | RSD 500,000
($8,158) |
South Africa Deal or No Deal | Siyabongo Ngqola | March 17, 2023 | R250,000
($13,616) | R135,000
($7,352) | R500
($27.23) | [52]
South Korea Yes or No | Lee Chang-geun (이창근) | June 23, 2007 | ₩100,000,000
($107,750) | ₩45,000,000
($48,488) | ₩30,000,000
($32,325) | [53]
Spain ¡Allá tú! | Gilbert | June 19, 2007 | €600,000
($804,018) | €240,000
($321,607) | €1,500
($2,010) | Received €300,000; another half was received by an SMS winner.
María del Carmen Bonilla | July 25, 2011 | €300,000
($431,622) | €29,999
($43,161) | €20
($28.77) | [54]
Switzerland Deal or No Deal – Das Risiko | Peter Meier | June 9, 2010 | CHF 250,000
($216,143) | CHF 125,000
($108,071) | CHF 10,000
($8,646) | [55]
Tunisia دليلك ملك | Mohamed Mabrouk | March 22, 2006 | TND 300,000
($221,706) | (unknown) | (unknown) | [56][57][58][59]
Each winner shared the prize with an SMS participant.
Mohamed Bashir Menchari | November 13, 2006 | TND 500,000
($379,765) | (unknown) | (unknown)
Marbrouk | September 13, 2007 | TND1,000,000
($792,390) | (unknown) | TND 500,000
($396,195)
Aichoucha | June 13, 2017 | TND 2,000,000
($813,960) | TND 1,100,000
($447,678) | Joke prize  | The banker also offered 200,000 dinars ($81,396), which was refused. The winner also shared the prize with an SMS participant.[59]
Turkey Var mısın? Yok musun? | Ülkühan Yılmaz | October 24, 2009 | TL 500,000
($339,790) | TL 128,000
($86,986) | TL 20,000
($13,591) |
United Kingdom Deal or No Deal | Laura Pearce | January 7, 2007 | £250,000
($482,625) | £45,000
($86,873) | £3,000
($5,792) | Pearce was the first top prize winner on the UK version.
Alice Munday | March 12, 2009 | £250,000
($344,678) | Banker's Gamble
(box swap declined) | 1p
($0.014) | Munday initially dealt at £17,500 but was offered the Banker's Gamble when the 1p and £250,000 were remaining. She accepted the gamble, which forfeited the offer and brought the game back into live play.
Suzanne Mulholland | May 13, 2011 | £250,000
($407,055) | £165,000
($268,656)
(box swap accepted) | £100,000
($162,822) | Mulholland also won an additional prize of a 2-week holiday in Florida as part of "Banker's Birthday" special.
Tegen Roberts | September 22, 2011 | £250,000
($387,735) | £77,000
($119,422) | £20,000
($31,019) | Tegen had the strongest board ever after round 3 to the end of the show; a staggering £560,250.60 was still in play after 10 boxes had been opened.
Nong Skett | August 5, 2012 | £250,000
($390,932) | £68,000
($106,334) | £5
($7.82) |
Patrick "Paddy" Roberts | August 12, 2013 | £250,000
($386,700) | £140,000
($216,622) | £75,000
($116,010) | Paddy was the first male top prize winner on the UK version.
Roop Singh | February 12, 2014 | £250,000
($414,528) | £46,000
($76,273) | £500
($829) | Singh declined to buy Box 23, which would have doubled his winnings to £500,000.
Ann Crawford | October 15, 2015 | £250,000
($387,438) | £64,000
($99,184) | 50p
($0.77) | Crawford declined to buy Box 23, which would have vanished her winnings.
Vikki Heenan | December 23, 2016 | £250,000
($306,735) | £66,666
($81,795) | £750
($920) | The episode that contains Heenan's win was the final episode of the original run of the UK version.[60]
United States Deal or No Deal | Jessica Robinson | September 1, 2008 | $1,000,000 | $561,000 | $200,000 | [61]
Robinson was the first top prize winner on the American version.
Million Dollar Mission game (5 $1,000,000 cases)
Tomorrow Rodriguez | October 29, 2008 | $1,000,000 | $677,000 | $300 and 3x $1,000,000 | [62]
The final offer of $677,000 (which Rodriguez declined) was given when there were five cases remaining.
Million Dollar Mission game (9 $1,000,000 cases)
Uruguay Trato Hecho Edición Parejas | Natalia Cucurullo and Gastón Saldombide | August 17, 2022 | U$1,000,000
($24,929) | U$420,000
($10,470) | U$30,000
($748) | [63]
Vietnam Đi tìm ẩn số [note 3] | (unknown) | Before October 2005 | 50,000,000Đ
($3,159) | 25,998,000Đ
($1,643) | 1Đ
($0.0000632) | First Asian winner. The other case contained the lowest value worldwide.[64]
Thanh Xuân  | February 14, 2010  | 100,000,000Đ
($4,808)  | ?  | ?  | She appeared on a 2012 special episode as the friend of contestant Hồng Hạnh. Her winner was mentioned in this episode.
Lê Bình (celebrity) | October 9, 2011 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,808) | 75,411,000Đ
($3,626) | 50,000,000Đ
($2,404) | First known celebrity winner. His last 2 cases were the highest 2 in the game.[65]
Nguyễn Thụy Minh Trang | July 15, 2012 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,801) | 40,010,000Đ
($1,921) | 25,000Đ
($1.20) | First known female winner.[66]
(unknown) | 2014 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,671) | ? | ? |
(unknown) | August 2015 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,660) | ? | ? |
Nguyễn Thị Đào | February 28, 2016 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,459) | 26,100,000Đ
($1,164) | 20,000,000Đ
($892) | [67]
Giáng Tiên (celebrity) | September 3, 2017 | 100,000,000Đ
($4,400) | 18,340,000Đ
($807) | 75,000Đ
($3.30) | Last top prize winner before the series concluded in 2017. Second celebrity winner.[68]

1. ^ Most recent top prize winner in the Deal or No Deal franchise to date.
2. ^ Arno Woesthoff was on Miljoenenjacht when the bonus round consisted of seven questions that could add up to 10,000,000 guilders (based on the German game show Die Chance deines Lebens) instead of the case game, which is why there were no other amounts.
3. ^ The Vietnamese version has 10 top prize winners. 7 are shown here. The other 3 were missing.

At the other end of the spectrum, in the UK edition broadcast on December 7, 2009, a contestant named Corinne opened her box to reveal (and thus win) 1p, having turned down first an offer of £88,000 and then an offer to swap boxes, which would have given her the top £250,000 prize. A similar event occurred on the U.S. version on August 25, 2008, where contestant Koshka Blackburn won $5,000 which was in her case after turning down the banker's offer of $530,000 and then the option to switch cases, which would've made her the first $1,000,000 winner. Also in the U.S. on September 22, 2006, Michelle Falco kept in $750,000 and $1,000,000 in play all the way to the end, she turned down the biggest offer of $880,000 and refused to switch her case, in her case was $750,000. She also would have been the first $1,000,000 winner had she switched cases. And again, in the U.S. on October 22, 2008, contestant Richie Bell won $1 which was in his case after rejecting the final offer of $416,000 and the option to switch cases, which would've made him the second $1,000,000 winner. Richie also won an additional $10,000 after completing the "Banker's Challenge" minigame, thus making his total winnings $10,001. Had he had switched, he would have won $1,010,000.

Many other contestants around the world also would have won the top prize if they had swapped their box/case, or if they refused the Banker's Offer instead, which later shown that they had the top prize in their box/case all the time.

## Basis and antecedents

[edit]

The game show has attracted attention from mathematicians, statisticians, and economists as a natural decision-making experiment. In 2008 a team of economists analyzed the decisions of people appearing in Dutch, German and U.S. episodes and found, among other things, that contestants are less risk-averse or even risk-seeking when they saw their expected winnings drop.[69] They went so far as to say that the show, "almost appears to be an economics experiment rather than a TV show."[70] They found that contestants behave similarly in different versions of the show, despite large differences in the amounts at stake; amounts appear to be evaluated in relative terms, for example in proportion to the initial average, and not in terms of their absolute monetary value.[71] The research received a great deal of media attention, appearing on the front page of The Wall Street Journal[72] and being featured on National Public Radio.[73] This work was built upon by de Roos and Sarafidis, who analysed the Australian version of the show and determined that the risk-taking behaviour of a number of contestants would be inconsistent within each game (i.e. their aversion to risk would change), depending on the state of play and relative risk aversion of their confidant on the show.[74]

Australian Deal or No Deal contestants are selected "on the basis of being 'outgoing', but there is no screening of contestants on the basis of their risk preferences".[74] It is thought that other versions may screen contestants for being amicable to risk-taking behaviour.

Despite its air of originality and huge international success—there are more than 60 versions worldwide—there have been, in fact, numerous antecedents to the current run of shows. The first was the It's in the Bag, a New Zealand radio game show invented by Selwyn Toogood which began in the 1950s and which ran for decades after it was later adapted for television (1970s–90s). The show popularized the catch-phrases, "By hokey," and "What will it be, customers—the money or the bag?" in New Zealand. Similarly, in the 1950s, the UK TV show Take Your Pick! offered contestants the choice of taking a money offer or risking opening a box. Later, in the 1980s, The Bong Game, a radio call-in show created by UK's Capital FM, tested contestants by offering them increasing returns in tandem with increasing risk.

Another long-running game show, Let's Make a Deal, involved contestants deciding whether or not to take offers based on what may or may not be behind a curtain/door or inside a box. Let's Make a Deal ran in the U.S. for nearly three decades from 1963 to 1991, during which time Monty Hall was the program's "Big Dealer," and was revived in 2009 with Wayne Brady as the Big Dealer. Also in the U.S., in the 1970s and 1980s, was a game show called Treasure Hunt, hosted by Geoff Edwards and produced by Chuck Barris's company, which featured a similar concept to Deal or No Deal. The show featured contestants selecting a treasure chest or box with surprises inside in the hope of winning large prizes or a cash jackpot. Both game shows, however, also featured worthless or nearly-worthless joke prizes, which Let's Make a Deal called "zonks" and which Treasure Hunt called "klunks." Deal or No Deal does not feature such joke prizes in the US version but does in many international versions. Finally, from 1997 to 2003, Win Ben Stein's Money pitted contestants against an in-house adversary.

## Methodology used by "The Bank"

[edit]

Several theories concern the methodology "The Bank" uses to determine the appropriate bank offer. This is a secret held by the various publishers around the world, however several people have approximated the algorithm with various levels of accuracy.[citation needed] In most variations of the format, the Bank does not know the contents of the briefcase, and therefore, the Monty Hall problem does not apply to the probability calculations, but this varies from country to country.[citation needed]

Statistical studies of the US version of the show were undertaken by Daniel Shifflet in 2011, and showed a linear regression of bank offers against expected value.[75] In summary, Shifflet found that in the syndicated 30-minute version of the show the bank would offer a percentage of the expected value (EV) of the remaining cases, and this percentage increased linearly from approximately 37% of EV at the first offer to approximately 84% of EV at the seventh offer. This version of the program also allowed players to ‘hypothetically’ play out the remainder of the game from the point where they accepted the bank's offer, and Shiffler noted that the hypothetical bank offers were significantly higher than real bank offers at equivalent points in the game.

## Video games

[edit]

* Innovative Concepts in Entertainment developed an arcade redemption adaptation of the show, where instead of prize money, players could win tickets.[76]
* The U.K. version of Deal or No Deal was converted into a mobile game by Gameloft and featured the same rules and format as the TV show. The game was so well-received that versions of it were developed for other countries as well.[77] Its international success landed it on the top-sellers list.[78]
* Affari tuoi, the Italian version of the format, was converted into a videogame for the Nintendo DS by the same name.
* Almost all major formats of the game were converted into games for various gaming consoles, the PC, Macromedia Flash, and even a dedicated electronic handheld game.
* Various online gambling and gaming sites have adapted the Deal or No Deal concept for their games.[79]

## Online gambling

[edit]

The Deal or No Deal television game show, based on the original Dutch Miljoenenjacht (Hunt for Millions), was introduced to the world by Endemol. The popular format, which requires the contestant to choose from 26 boxes or cases to reveal cash values, grew in popularity and eventually made its way into the online gambling industry as a result of the 2009 partnership between Playtech's Virtue Fusion and Endemol Games.

Online Bingo licensees of Virtue Fusion, previously acquired by Playtech, introduced DOND themed 75-ball and 90-ball rooms in addition to a slot game based on the game show, scratch cards and the launch of a new bingo brand named after the game show, Deal or No Deal Bingo.

Online gamblers experience the show's concept when securing a Full House win in the themed bingo rooms. The winner or winners enter a round of negotiations with the banker where they must make the ultimate decision, Deal or No Deal. The sense of community, often embraced by bingo players, is called upon as they assist the winner in determining the best option by commenting in the room's chat section. The Community Jackpot is divided among the Full House winner (50%) and all game participants (50%).

In February 2016, Playtech announced the renewal of its licensing agreement with Endemol UK, which will see the availability of DOND licensed online products continue for an additional three years. Under this contract, Playtech is granted exclusive rights to deliver these themed games to the UK market.[80]

The range of DOND games are available at Virtue Fusion powered bingo brands such as bet365, Gala Bingo, Ladbrokes, Mecca Bingo and William Hill.

## See also

[edit]

* Game Theory Analysis of Deal Or No Deal
* List of international television show franchises

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Deal or No Deal". Banijay.
2. ^ "Formula for offers in the NBC online version of Deal or No Deal". Dave Gentile's official website.
3. ^ Video on YouTube
4. ^ ""Deal or No Deal": Glücksspiel auf afghanisch" ["Deal or No Deal": Gambling in Afghanistan]. Der Spiegel (in German). October 25, 2010.
5. ^ "Photo from the official Facebook page of Tolo TV". Facebook. November 28, 2012.
6. ^ "خميستي من ورقلة.. أول الفائزين بالجائزة الكبرى لبرنامج "أدي ولا خلي" في موسمه الثاني". Echorouk (in Arabic). March 15, 2016. Archived from the original on March 15, 2016.
7. ^ "حسين العباس من السعودية أول من يفوز بجائزة الـ 250,000 دولار على شاشة LBC". Al Riyadh (in Arabic). Retrieved January 29, 2017.
8. ^ Video on YouTube
9. ^ Video on YouTube
10. ^ Video on YouTube
11. ^ "Belize's First Game Show – "Tek It or Leave It"". March 3, 2009. Archived from the original on April 4, 2015.
12. ^ (in Bulgarian)Video on VBOX7
13. ^ Ники Китаеца спечели 100 000 лева [Niki Kitaetsa has won 100,000 leva] (in Bulgarian). September 19, 2007.
14. ^ "18-godishen specheli 100 000 lv. v Sdelka ili ne" 18-годишен спечели 100 000 лв. в „Сделка или не” [18-year-old won 100,000 leva on Deal or No Deal]. TVTV.bg (in Bulgarian). Archived from the original on May 21, 2011.
15. ^ 24-годишната Мариела Пепелджийска грабна голямата награда в "Сделка или не" [24-year-old Maria Pepeldzhiyska won the grand prize on Deal or No Deal]. Нова Телевизия (in Bulgarian). January 23, 2012. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013.
16. ^ "27-godishniyat Iskren pecheli 100 000 ot Sdelka ili ne" 27-годишният Искрен печели 100 000 от "Сделка или не" [27-year-old Iskren won 100,000 on Deal or No Deal]. Snews.bg (in Bulgarian). January 25, 2013. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013.
17. ^ "Heng Piseth: Deal or No Deal becomes a famous TV show in Cambodia". March 19, 2009.
18. ^ Video on YouTube
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23. ^ Video on YouTube
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27. ^ "À prendre ou à laisser : un candidat repart avec 100.000 euros" (in French). November 25, 2014.
28. ^ "To koritsi pou kerdise 200.000 evro sto Deal, deka chronia meta" Το κορίτσι που κέρδισε 200.000 ευρώ στο Deal, δέκα χρόνια μετά [The girl who won 200,000 euro on Deal, ten years later] (in Greek). October 6, 2016. Archived from the original on October 24, 2017. Retrieved May 29, 2017.
29. ^ Video on YouTube
30. ^ Video on YouTube
31. ^ "Ta pire ola kai efuge! Onosileutis pou kerdise 60.000 euro sto Deal" Τα πήρε όλα και έφυγε! Ο νοσηλευτής που κέρδισε 60.000 ευρώ στο Deal [He took everything and left! The nurse who won €60,000 in Deal] (in Greek). December 14, 2021.
32. ^ "A szentesi vízilabdás rekordnyereménye" (in Hungarian). May 25, 2006.[permanent dead link‍]
33. ^ "Én vittem el Gundel 100 millióját!" (in Hungarian). January 21, 2009.
34. ^ "Az Áll az alkutól reméli a megváltást" (in Hungarian). April 25, 2010.
35. ^ "Striscia la Notizia – I tarocchi di Affari tuoi" (in Italian). Archived from the original on September 21, 2013.
36. ^ "Ho stravinto da Bonolis grazie a mia figlia" (in Italian). December 18, 2004.
37. ^ "una cagliaritana i 500mila euro di "Affari tuoi"" (in Italian). December 17, 2004.
38. ^ a b "Affari Tuoi, stasera vincita record di 500 mila euro" (in Italian). September 18, 2008. Archived from the original on October 4, 2013.
39. ^ "Affari Tuoi: Danilo Anderlini torna a Spoleto con 500mila euro" (in Italian). September 17, 2008.
40. ^ "Una luinese ad "Affari tuoi" si porta a casa il pacco più pesante" (in Italian). October 23, 2008.
41. ^ "Il Molise torna a sbancare "Affari tuoi" A Montagano 500 mila euro" (in Italian). November 23, 2008. Archived from the original on October 5, 2013.
42. ^ "Inizio anno con il botto per Affari Tuoi: concorrente vince 500mila euro" (in Italian). January 2, 2009.
43. ^ "Giovane mamma di Campoformido vince 500 mila euro ad "Affari tuoi"" (in Italian). February 23, 2010.
44. ^ Romano, Antonio (March 18, 2012). "Rai1: vincita da sogno ad "Affari Tuoi", 1 mln di euro in Puglia" (in Italian). Archived from the original on March 21, 2012.
45. ^ "Affari Tuoi: vinti 500mila euro da Mauro Ghiraldini, geometra 37enne" (in Italian). November 22, 2012.
46. ^ ""Affari Tuoi", ingegnere vince 500 mila euro" (in Italian). January 25, 2013. Archived from the original on May 27, 2013.
47. ^ "Affari tuoi, Pierangela Zaccaria vince 500mila euro" (in Italian). May 29, 2014.
48. ^ "Musicista livornese vince mezzo milione di euro ai "pacchi" in tv" (in Italian). May 17, 2016.
49. ^ "Affari tuoi, Luca «Sette» Sartori e la figlia Sarah dalla Valle di Cembra vincono 300mila euro" (in Italian). May 17, 2024.
50. ^ Video on YouTube
51. ^ "Reacția lui David Neacșu după câștigul de 100.000 de lei la Batem Palma?" (in Romanian). May 1, 2024.
52. ^ "Siya's big 'Deal Or No Deal' win will change his life". March 17, 2023.
53. ^ 머니게임쇼서 ‘1억원 사나이'된 연출가 (in Korean). June 20, 2007.
54. ^ "¡Mari se lleva 300.000 euros!" (in Spanish). July 25, 2011. Archived from the original on November 21, 2011. Retrieved January 8, 2012.
55. ^ "Das Spiel um das grosse Geld – TV". Play SRF (in German). Retrieved December 8, 2019.
56. ^ "Dlilek Mlak : Le gagnant des 300 MD" (in French). March 23, 2006.
57. ^ "Dlilek Mlak : Un gagnant des 500 000 dinars" (in French). November 13, 2006.
58. ^ "Dlilek Mlak: Un gagnant de 1 million de dinars" (in French). September 13, 2007.
59. ^ a b "La HAICA ouvrira une enquête sur l'épisode aux deux milliards de Dlilek Mlak" [The HAICA will open an investigation into the two billion Dlilek Mlak episode] (in French). June 14, 2017. Archived from the original on June 18, 2017.
60. ^ "Vikki from Arbroath becomes the ninth top prize winner in Deal or No Deal history". December 23, 2016.
61. ^ Deal or No Deal. Season 4. Episode 2. September 1, 2008. NBC.
62. ^ Deal or No Deal. Season 4. Episode 11. October 29, 2008. NBC.
63. ^ "Por primera vez, "Trato Hecho" entregó $ 1 millón: qué harán los ganadores con el premio" [For the first time, "Trato Hecho" delivered $1 million: what the winners will do with the prize] (in Spanish). August 18, 2022.
64. ^ Video on YouTube
65. ^ "Tám "sao" xông đất "Đi tìm ẩn số"" (in Vietnamese). October 9, 2011. Archived from the original on October 9, 2011.
66. ^ Video on YouTube
67. ^ Video on YouTube
68. ^ Video on YouTube
69. ^ Post, Thierry; Van den Assem, Martijn J.; Baltussen, Guido & Thaler, Richard H. (March 2008). "Deal or No Deal? Decision Making Under Risk in a Large-payoff Game Show" (PDF). American Economic Review. 98 (1): 38–71\. doi:10.1257/aer.98.1.38. S2CID 12816022. SSRN 636508. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 9, 2017.
70. ^ Quoted in William Poundstone, Priceless, Hill and Wang, 2010, p. 130
71. ^ Baltussen, Guido; Post, Thierry; Van den Assem, Martijn J. (December 2007). "Risky Choice and the Relative Size of Stakes". SSRN 989242.
72. ^ The Wall Street Journal, January 12, 2006.[full citation needed]
73. ^ "Economists Learn from Game Show 'Deal or No Deal'". NPR. March 3, 2006.
74. ^ a b de Roos, Nicolas; Sarafidis, Yianis (September–October 2010). "Decision making under risk in Deal or No Deal". Journal of Applied Econometrics. 25 (6): 987–1027\. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.318.9931. doi:10.1002/jae.1110.
75. ^ Shifflet, Daniel R. (Spring 2011). "Is Deal or No Deal Cheating Its Contestants?". Ohio Journal of School Mathematics (63): 5–10.
76. ^ "ICE games". Archived from the original on January 6, 2008.
77. ^ "Top 50 Mobile Game Downloads in the UK". Mobicritic.com. January 27, 2007. Archived from the original on November 12, 2008. Retrieved November 6, 2008.
78. ^ "Non-Stop International Success for Gameloft's 'Deal or No Deal'". FindLaw.com. April 7, 2008. Archived from the original on December 8, 2008. Retrieved November 6, 2008.
79. ^ "Playing Deal or No Deal Online". Archived from the original on February 20, 2014. Retrieved January 31, 2014.
80. ^ "Three More Years of Deal or No Deal Bingo". latestbingobonuses.com. February 21, 2016.

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