Death of Mohamud Mohammed Hassan

Black British-Somali allegedly assaulted by South Wales Police

Protests at Cardiff Bay police station over Mohamud Hassan's death on 15 January 2021

Mohamud Mohammed Hassan (c. 1997 – 9 January 2021), a 24-year old British-Somali man, died on 9 January at his home in Cardiff after being released from police custody earlier that day. Hassan was allegedly assaulted while in the custody of South Wales Police. He was arrested on the evening of 8 January after a disturbance was reported at his home. He was released without charge the following morning.[1]

Hassan was arrested at his home on Newport Road in the Roath district of Cardiff on suspicion of a breach of the peace on Friday 8 January and taken to Cardiff Bay police station. He was released at 8:30 am the following morning, on Saturday 9 January, and officers returned to his home at 22:30 that evening.[2] Hassan's aunt, Zainab Hassan, said that he was released by police "with lots of wounds on his body and lots of bruises...He didn't have these wounds when he was arrested and when he came out of Cardiff Bay police station, he had them".[1] Zainab Hassan had not been present during the incident leading to Mohamud's arrest.

Hassan came into contact with 52 police officers in the hours before his death.[3] South Wales Police said that there were no indications that excessive force had been used or indications of misconduct by officers. Police described his death as "sudden and unexplained".[1] The police referred his death to the Independent Office for Police Conduct (IPOC). The report from Hassan's post mortem is awaiting completion and toxicology test results are awaited.[1] The police said that as part of their investigation "CCTV and body-worn video has already been, and will continue to be, examined...Early findings by the force indicate no misconduct issues and no excessive force".[2] A police sergeant faced a disciplinary panel for alleged use of unnecessary force against Hassan, but was cleared of misconduct in November 2023.[4] The exact cause of Hassan's death has not yet been determined.

## IOPC investigation[edit]

It was announced that the Independent Office for Police Conduct investigation would focus on Hassan's arrest, his subsequent journey to custody in a police van and his time spent at Cardiff Bay police station. It will be investigated "whether relevant assessments were made" before his release from custody, and the IOPC will interview officers involved in his case and witnesses to his arrest and subsequent movements after his release from custody. The IOPC director for Wales, Catrin Evans, said that "Preliminary indications are that there is no physical trauma injury to explain a cause of death".[2]

The investigation came to an end in July 2022,[5] and found that Hassan's time in custody at the police station "was not a contributory factor in his death".[4] The IOPC recommended that a police sergeant face a disciplinary panel to answer for gross misconduct in relation to the use of force against Hassan at Cardiff Bay police station,[5] specifically holding Hassan's head down to prevent him from spitting at officers.[6]

On 8 November 2023, the disciplinary panel in Bridgend found the allegation of use of unnecessary force not proven,[5] and supported the officer's account that the force he used was "necessary, proportionate, and reasonable".[4][7] During the panel hearings, it was stated that Hassan had a cut to his face before his arrest, and spat from the window of his flat towards officers, who then detained him on suspicion on breaching the peace and placed a spit hood on his head.[6] Bodycam footage showed Hassan kicking the police van and banging his head against the vehicle's panels.[6]

## Inquest[edit]

A pre-inquest review for the coroner's inquest into Hassan's death took place in Pontypridd in October 2022, during which the coroner declared that post-mortem evidence can "exclude a physical causal link between the actions of officers during the period of his detention and the cause of Mr Hassan's death".[8] As of November 2023, the inquest is ongoing and the exact cause of his death has not been determined.

## Reactions[edit]

The First Minister of Wales Mark Drakeford said that reports of Hassan's death were "deeply concerning and that the circumstances of his death "must be properly investigated" and that "Our thoughts must be with the family of a young man who was... a fit and healthy individual".[2] Referring to the IOPC, Drakeford said that "The first step in any inquiry will have to be to allow them to carry out their work. I absolutely expect that to be done rigorously, and with full and visible independence".[1] The leader of Plaid Cymru, Adam Price, said that "Every effort should be made to seek the truth of what happened".[2]

Hundreds of protestors gathered at Cardiff Bay Police Station to protest his death on 12 January. Signs were held by protestors that read "Black Lives Matter" and the crowd chanted "no justice, no peace".[2] Smokebombs and fireworks were thrown at police by protestors. The protestors demanded the release of CCTV footage of Hassan in custody.[1] More than 150 protestors remained at Cardiff Bay Police Station on successive days.[9]

The lawyers Hilary Brown and Lee Jasper are assisting the Hassan family. The pair had previously helped the family of Christopher Kapessa; his death had failed to be properly investigated by South Wales Police in July 2019.[10]

Dylan Moore wrote in a post for the Institute for Welsh Affairs that the media reporting of Hassan's death represented "the truly alarming weakness of the media...when considering a case like this" as the initial statement from South Wales Police was "regurgitated" and reported by media "unchallenged and without qualification" with "the testimony of eyewitnesses...given secondary or no importance".[10]

Bianca Ali was summoned by court for breaching COVID lockdown rules after allegedly organising a protest against Hassan's death that had more than 30 attendees. Ali is due to pay either a 500 fixed penalty fine or request a court hearing. Ali is one of the founders of Black Lives Matter Cardiff and Vale.[11]

30,000 people had signed a petition in the month that called the IOPC to release documents and CCTV footage detailing Hasan's death.

## References[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e f Ewan Quayle (12 January 2021). "Missiles thrown at police in Cardiff after 24-year-old dies following arrest". LBC. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
2. ^ a b c d e f "Mohamud Mohammed Hassan: Hundreds march over arrested man's death". BBC News. 12 January 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
3. ^ Nazia Parveen (9 February 2021). "52 police had contact with Mohamud Hassan before his death". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 February 2021.
4. ^ a b c "Mohamud Hassan: Officer who restrained man who later died cleared of gross misconduct". ITV News. 10 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
5. ^ a b c "Allegation of excessive force by South Wales Police officer on Mohamud Hassan found not proven". Independent Office for Police Conduct. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
6. ^ a b c "South Wales Police officer held man's head 'over spit fear'". BBC News. 7 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
7. ^ "Mohamud Hassan: Sergeant used necessary force say disciplinary panel". BBC News. 8 November 2023. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
8. ^ "Mohamud Mohammed Hassan: Custody death inquest to focus on care". BBC News. 7 October 2022. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
9. ^ Aamir Mohammed (13 January 2021). "Further protests over 24-year-old's Mohamud Hassan's death after release from police custody". Wales Online. Archived from the original on 15 January 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.
10. ^ a b "After Mohamud Mohammed Hassan's Death, Wales Needs to Declare a Media Emergency". Institute for Welsh Affairs. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
11. ^ "Covid: Woman faces fine for Mohamud Hassan's death protest". BBC News. 15 January 2021. Retrieved 13 January 2021.

*[c.]: circa