Democratic Alliance (Philippines)

Defunct left-wing political party in the Philippines

Democratic Alliance

Leader| Luis Taruc
Founders| Luis Taruc
Founded| 1945
Dissolved| 1949
Ideology| Socialism
Agrarian reform
Political position| Left wing
Colors|  Red

* Politics of the Philippines
* Political parties
* Elections

The Democratic Alliance was a leftist party[1] in the Philippines created on July 15, 1945,[2] primarily composed of members of the National Peasants Union of the Hukbalahap, the Committee of Labor Organizations of the Communist Party of the Philippines, the Filipino Blue Eagle Guerrillas, and other organizations.[3] The party supported and endorsed the bid of incumbent president Sergio Osmeña and the Nacionalista Party during the 1946 presidential elections against Manuel Roxas and the Nacionalista's liberal wing (now the Liberal Party) due to the latter's sympathetic attitude toward Filipino collaborators of the Japanese during World War II and close affiliation with "vested-interest landlord groups".[4][5]

## History

[edit]

With the success of the Roxas bid for presidency, six candidates from the Democratic Alliance who were elected in the 1946 Philippine House elections were prevented from taking office due to allegations of fraud and violent campaign tactics during the election.[1] These were Luis Taruc (Pampanga, 2nd district), Amado Yuzon (Pampanga, 1st district), Dr. Jesus Lava, José Cando (Nueva Ecija, 1st district), Constancio Padilla (Nueva Ecija, 2nd district), and Alejandro Simpauco (Tarlac, 2nd district).[5] Their absence from Congress helped President Roxas ensure the passage of the parity rights amendment in the 1935 Constitution of the Philippines required under the Bell Trade Act of the United States Congress.[1] The Bell Trade Act, also known as the Philippine Trade Act, required that the rights to Philippine natural resources that Philippine citizens and corporations enjoyed be equally extended to citizens and corporations of the United States. The constitutional amendment, known as the Parity Amendment, was ratified in a plebiscite on May 11, 1947.[6][7][8]

Five of the six Democratic Alliance candidates were allowed to take their seats once the amendment was approved. Following these congressional decisions, many in the Democratic Alliance felt the government biased towards US foreign policy, and resumed the Huk Rebellion.[9][10]

## Electoral performance

[edit]

### Presidential and vice presidential elections

[edit]

Year  | Presidential election  | Vice presidential election

|
|

Candidate  | Votes  | Vote share  | Result  | Candidate  | Votes  | Vote share  | Result
1946 | None[n 1] | Manuel Roxas
(Liberal)  | None[n 2] | Elpidio Quirino
(Liberal)

### Legislative elections

[edit]

Congress of the Philippines

House of Representatives  | Senate
Year  | Seats won  | Votes  | Share  | Result  | Year  | Seats won  | Votes  | Share  | Ticket  | Result
1946 |

6 / 98

| 152,410  | 6.52%  | Liberal dominated | 1946 |

0 / 24

| 44,718  | 0.25%  | Single party ticket  | Nacionalista win 15/24 seats

#### Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Party endorsed candidacy of Sergio Osmeña (Nacionalista).
2. ^ Party endorsed candidacy of Amang Rodriguez from the (Nacionalista)

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b c Dolan, Ronald E, ed. (1991), Philippines: A Country Study, Washington: GPO for the Library of Congress
2. ^ Chapman, Abraham (1946). "Note on the Philippine Elections". Pacific Affairs. 19 (2): 193–198\. doi:10.2307/2752493. ISSN 0030-851X. JSTOR 2752493. S2CID 155724010.
3. ^ Entenberg, Barbara (1946). "Agrarian Reform and the Hukbalahap". Far Eastern Survey. 15 (16): 245–248\. doi:10.2307/3022677. ISSN 0362-8949. JSTOR 3022677.
4. ^ Osmeña, Sergio S. "Speech of President Osmeña before the delegation of the Democratic Alliance, September 23, 1945". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved May 6, 2020.
5. ^ a b Simbulan, Dante C. (2005). The Modern Principalia: The Historical Evolution of the Philippine Ruling Oligarchy. UP Press. ISBN 978-971-542-496-7.
6. ^ BENGZON, JOSE F. S. (1969). "National Treatment of Americans in the Philippines: Parity Rights, Retail Trade and Investments". The International Lawyer. 3 (2): 339–363\. ISSN 0020-7810. JSTOR 40704547.
7. ^ "Bell Trade Act | United States [1946]". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
8. ^ scph. "The "Parity Amendment" to the 1935 Constitution is ratified in a plebiscite in 1947 | Supreme Court of the Philippines". Retrieved May 5, 2020.
9. ^ Edgerton, Ronald K. (September 30, 1978). "The Huk Rebellion: A Study of Peasant Revolt in the Philippines". Ateneo de Manila University. 26 (3): 322.
10. ^ Ladwig, Walter C. (February 1, 2014). "When the Police are the Problem: The Philippine Constabulary and the Hukbalahap Rebellion" (PDF). Policing Insurgencies: Cops as Counterinsurgents: 21.

## External links

[edit]

* The Huk Rebellion
* Economic Relations with the US

* v
* t
* e

Communism in the Philippines

Events|

* Communist armed conflicts
* Hukbalahap
* New People's Army
* First Great Rectification Movement
* Second Great Rectification Movement

Organizations|

| Communist groups|

* Partido Komunista ng Pilipinas-1930
* Socialist Party of the Philippines
* Communist Party of the Philippines
* New People's Army
* National Democratic Front
* Hukbalahap
* Rebolusyonaryong Partido ng Manggagawà ng Pilipinas
* Revolutionary Proletarian Army
* Alex Boncayao Brigade
* Marxist–Leninist Party of the Philippines
* Rebolusyonaryong Hukbong Bayan
* Cordillera People's Liberation Army

|

Labor unions|

* Unión Obrera Democrática Filipina
* Unión de Impresores de Filipinas
* Congreso Obrero de Filipinas
* Collective Labor Movement
* Katipunan ng mga Anak-Pawis sa Pilipinas
* Congress of Labor Organizations

Peasant groups|

* Aguman ding Maldang Talapagobra
* Kalipunang Pambansa ng mga Magbubukid sa Pilipinas
* Pambansang Kaisahan ng mga Magbubukid

Political parties|

* Partido Obrero de Filipinas
* Democratic Alliance

Mass organizations|

* Kabataang Makabayan
* Malayang Pagkakaisa ng Kabataang Pilipino
* League of Young Communists of the Philippines
* Samahang Demokratiko ng Kabataan

People|

| Early thinkers and
labor leaders|

* Isabelo de los Reyes
* Hermenegildo Cruz
* Lope K. Santos
* Dominador Gómez
* Pascual H. Poblete

|

PKP members|

* Crisanto Evangelista
* Domingo Ponce
* Cirilo Bognot
* Mariano Balgos
* Guillermo Capadocia
* Antonio Ora
* Vicente Lava
* José Lava
* Jesus Lava
* Primitivo Arrogante
* Pedro Castro
* Jorge Frianeza
* Pedro Abad Santos

Peasant leaders|

* Juan Feleo
* Casto Alejandrino
* Jacinto Manahan
* Jaime Tadeo
* Mateo del Castillo

Hukbalahap|

* Luis Taruc
* Peregrino Taruc
* Silvestre Liwanag
* Agaton Bulaong
* Bernardo Poblete
* Felipa Culala

Communist Party
of the Philippines|

* Jose Maria Sison
* Fidel Agcaoili
* Nilo Tayag
* Bernabe Buscayno
* Antonio Zumel
* Benito Tiamzon
* Wilma Tiamzon
* Gregorio Rosal
* Filemon Lagman
* Emmanuel Lacaba
* Edgar Jopson
* Conrado Balweg
* Luis Jalandoni

Related topics|

* Anarchism in the Philippines
* Domino theory
* Labor history in the Philippines
* Peasant movement in the Philippines
* Philippine resistance against Japan
* Student activism in the Philippines (1965–1972)
* Anti-Subversion Act of 1957
* MV Karagatan incident
* UP–DND accord
* National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict (NTF-ELCAC)
* Attacks and incidents
* Rano massacre
* 2021 Masbate City blast
* 2022 Samar boat explosion

Communism portal

* v
* t
* e

Political parties in the Philippines

Senate (24)|

* NPC (6)
* Nacionalista (4)
* PDP (3)
* Akbayan (1)
* KANP (1)
* Lakas (1)
* Liberal (1)
* PMP (1)
* Independent (6)

House of
Representatives
(316)|

| Districts|

* Lakas (103)
* NUP (31)
* NPC (31)
* PFP (27)
* Nacionalista (22)
* Liberal (6)
* Akyson (3)
* HTL (3)
* LDP (2)
* 1-Cebu (2)
* PDP (2)
* PMP (2)
* MKTZNU (2)
* Adelante Zamboanga (1)
* Asenso Manileño (1)
* CDP (1)
* PRP (1)
* UNA (1)
* UNEGA (1)
* Navoteño (1)
* Independent (11)

|

Party-lists|

* Akbayan (3)
* Tingog (3)
* 4Ps (2)
* ACT-CIS (2)
* Ako Bicol (2)
* 1-Rider (1)
* 1Tahanan (1)
* 4K (1)
* Abang Lingkod (1)
* Abante Mindanao (1)
* AGAP (1)
* Agimat (1)
* Ako Bisaya (1)
* Ako Ilocano Ako (1)
* ACT Teachers (1)
* ALONA (1)
* APEC (1)
* Bagong Henerasyon (1)
* Bicol Saro (1)
* CIBAC (1)
* CWS (1)
* Dumper PTDA (1)
* FPJ Panday Bayanihan (1)
* GP (1)
* Kabataan (1)
* Kamalayan (1)
* Kamanggagawa (1)
* Kapuso PM (1)
* KM Ngayon Na (1)
* Kusug Tausug (1)
* LPGMA (1)
* Magbubukid (1)
* Malasakit at Bayanihan (1)
* ML (1)
* Manila Teachers (1)
* Nanay (1)
* One Coop (1)
* PHILRECA (1)
* Pinoy Workers (1)
* PPP (1)
* Pusong Pinoy (1)
* SAGIP (1)
* Senior Citizens (1)
* Solid North (1)
* SSS-GSIS Pensyonado (1)
* Swerte (1)
* TGP (1)
* Trabaho (1)
* TUCP (1)
* Uswag Ilonggo (1)
* United Senior Citizens (1)

Local government|

* AKAY
* Ang Kapatiran
* ABC
* Bigkis Pinoy
* KBL
* PPM
* PPP
* PROMDI
* RP
* WPP
* Other local parties

Out of government|

* Bagumbayan–VNP
* DPP
* Katipunan
* KDP
* PDSP
* PGRP
* PKP-1930
* PLM

Non-participating parties|

* CPP
* RWP

Historical parties|

* Democrata Party
* Democratic Alliance
* Democratic Party
* Federal Party
* Ganap Party
* KALIBAPI
* KAMPI
* Lakas–NUCD–UDMP
* LAMMP
* Lakas ng Bansa
* Lapiang Malaya
* National Socialist Party
* NCP
* Philippine Falange
* Progresista Party
* Progressive Party
* Republican Party
* Sakdalista
* UNIDO
* UNO

Historical alliances|

* Grand Alliance
* GAD
* Lakas–Laban
* LAMMP
* PPC
* Puwersa ng Masa
* KNP
* K–4
* GO
* TEAM Unity
* Team PNoy
* Daang Matuwid
* UniTeam
* TRoPa

* Politics portal
* List of political parties
* Politics of the Philippines

This article about a Philippine political party is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

|

* v
* t
* e

*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template