Demographics of Asian Americans

Proportion of Asian Americans in each U.S. state, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico as of the 2020 United States census

Proportion of Asian Americans in each county of the fifty states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico as of the 2020 United States census

The demographics of Asian Americans describe a heterogeneous group of people in the United States who trace their ancestry to one or more Asian countries.[1][2][3]

Manilamen began to reside in Louisiana as the first Asian Americans to live in the continental United States.[4] Most Asian Americans have arrived after 1965.[5] These individuals make up one-quarter of all immigrants who have arrived in the U.S. since 1965, and 59% of Asian Americans are foreign-born.[6] During the 2010 United States census the largest ethnic groups were Chinese American, Filipino Americans, Indian Americans, Vietnamese Americans, Korean Americans, and Japanese Americans.[7]

The 2020 United States census reported approximately 19.9 million people identified as Asian alone in 2020. Adding in the 4.1 million respondents who identified as Asian in combination with another race group, the Asian American population comprised 24 million people (7.2% of the total population).[8]

The overall population is highly urbanized[9] and is concentrated in the West Coast of the United States and New York metropolitan area.[6] Generally, Asian Americans are well educated,[10] and Asian American households have higher average incomes.[11] However, socioeconomic status is not uniform among their population.[12] Asian Americans hold diverse religious views, with substantial numbers being religiously unaffiliated or secular, Christian, Hindu, and Muslim.[13] About 4-5% of Asian Americans identify as LGBT.[14][15]

## Background

[edit]

Main articles: History of Asian Americans and History of Asian American immigration

The first recorded Asian Americans in the continental United States were a group of Filipino men who established the small settlement of Saint Malo, Louisiana, after fleeing mistreatment aboard Spanish ships.[4] Since there were no women with them, the Manilamen, as they were known, married Cajun and Native American women.[16] In 1778, Chinese and European explorers first arrived in Hawaii.[17][18] Numerous Chinese and Japanese began immigrating to the US in the mid-19th century;[19] numerous Chinese immigrants worked as laborers on the First transcontinental railroad, many who immigrated due to overpopulation and poverty experienced in Guangdong (Canton).[20] In the mid-20th century, refugees from Southeast Asia fled wars in the homelands to come to the United States.[21] Most Asian Americans who immigrated to the United States arrived after 1965, due to immigration reform that ended an earlier era of exclusion of Asian immigrants.[5]

## Population

[edit]

Asian population density Historical populationYear| Pop.| ±%

|
|

1860| 34,933| —
1870| 63,254| +81.1%
1880| 105,613| +67.0%
1890| 109,527| +3.7%
1900| 114,189| +4.3%
1910| 146,863| +28.6%
1920| 182,137| +24.0%
1930| 264,766| +45.4%
1940| 254,918| −3.7%
1950| 321,033| +25.9%
1960| 980,337| +205.4%
1970| 1,538,721| +57.0%
1980| 3,500,439| +127.5%
1990| 6,908,638| +97.4%
2000| 11,896,828| +72.2%
2010| 17,320,856| +45.6%
2020| 24,000,998| +38.6%
Sources[22][23][24]

* Beginning in 2000 and continuing through the latest census, figures now include Multiracial Asian American Americans
1910, 1920, 1930, 1960, 1970, and 1980 include Pacific Islands American population numbers[25][26]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the Asian American population, including those of multiracial and Hispanic and Latino ancestry, per its 2017 American Community Survey was about 22,408,464.[27]

During the 2010 United States census, there were a total of 17,320,856 Asian Americans, including Multiracial Americans identifying as part Asian. This made Asian Americans 5.6 percent of the total American population.[28] The largest ethnic groups represented in the census were Chinese (3.79 million), Filipino (3.41 million), Indian (3.18 million), Vietnamese (1.73 million), Korean (1.7 million), and Japanese (1.3 million).[7][29] Other sizable ethnic groups include Pakistani (409,000), Cambodian (276,000), Hmong (260,000), Thai (237,000), Laotian (232,000), Bangladeshi (147,000), and Burmese (100,000).[7] The total population of Asian Americans grew by 46 percent from 2000 to 2010 according to the Census Bureau, which constituted the largest increase of any major racial group during that period.[30] In 2010, there were an estimated 11,284,000 foreign born individuals who were born in Asia, of whom 57.7% had become naturalized citizens.[31] Additionally, 209,128 were Hispanic and Latino, of whom the largest population (101,654) claim Mexico as their nation of origin.[32]

According to the 2022 American Community Survey, Bangladeshi Americans are among the fastest-growing Asian American groups in the United States. Historically, Bengali Muslim migrants from the Indian subcontinent arrived in the early 20th century, as documented in Bengali Harlem and the Lost Histories of South Asian America by Vivek Bald. More recent migration patterns include working-class families settling in urban centers. Bangladeshi Americans often navigate both cultural pride and socioeconomic challenges, with community members reflecting on identity, religion, and belonging in American society.[33][34][35]

The 2000 census recorded 11.9 million people (4.2 percent of the total population) who reported themselves as having either full or partial Asian heritage.[36] The largest ethnic subgroups were Chinese (2.7 million), Filipino (2.4 million), Indian (1.9 million), Vietnamese (1.2 million), Korean (1.2 million), and Japanese (1.1 million). Other sizable groups included Cambodians (206,000), Pakistanis (204,000), Lao (198,000), Hmong (186,000), and Thais (150,000).[36] About one-half of the Asian American population lived in the West, with California having the most total Asian Americans of any state, at 4.2 million.[36] As a proportion of the total population, Hawaii is the only state with an Asian American majority population, at 58 percent;[36][note 1] Honolulu County had the highest percentage of Asian Americans of any county in the nation, with 62 percent.[36] In 2000, 69 percent of all Asian Americans were foreign born, except Japanese Americans, 60 percent of whom were born in the United States.[38]

The Twenty-first United States census, conducted in 1990, recorded 6.9 million people who were called American Asians.[39] The largest ethnic groups were Chinese (23.8 percent), Filipino (20.4 percent), Japanese (12.3 percent), Indian (11.8 percent), Korean (11.6 percent), Vietnamese (8.9 percent), and Laotian (2.2 percent).[39] Smaller populations, of less than two percent, were documented of the following ethnicities: Cambodian, Thai, Hmong, Pakistani, Indonesian, Malay, Bangladeshi, Sri Lankan, and Burmese.[39] Two thirds of "American-Asians" lived in the five states of California, New York, Hawaii, Texas, and Illinois.[39] Additionally their highest population concentrations were in California, New York, and Hawaii.[39] In 1990, 66 percent of American Asians were foreign-born, with Vietnamese, Laotians, and Cambodians having this highest foreign born populations.[39]

## Distribution

[edit]

The Asian American population is greatly urbanized, with nearly three-quarters of them living in metropolitan areas with population greater than 2.5 million.[9] The three metropolitan areas with the highest Asian American populations are the Greater Los Angeles Area (1.868 million in 2007), the New York metropolitan area (1.782 million in 2007), and the San Francisco Bay Area (1,577,790 in 2007).[40] New York City proper, according to the United States 2010 Census, is home to more than one million Asian Americans, greater than the combined totals of San Francisco and Los Angeles.[41] This trend of a largely urban population continues to be observed in 2015, with significant populations in more expensive coastal cities, and less than five percent living in rural areas.[42] Among the ten largest US cities, San Diego has the greatest proportion of Asian Americans.[43] As of 2017, West (45%) and California (31%) had the most significant concentrations of the total Asian American populations;[6] this keeps with historic trends of Asian Americans primarily residing in the Western United States, although there is a shift towards other regions of the United States beginning in the late 20th century.[44]

According to the 2010 Census almost three quarters of all Asian Americans live in California, New York, Texas, New Jersey, Hawaii, Illinois, Washington, Florida, Virginia, and Pennsylvania.[23] A large proportion of all Asian Americans live in California (5.6 million in 2010),[30][45] New York (1.6 million in 2010),[30] and Texas (1.1 million in 2010).[23] Another state with a significant Asian American population is Massachusetts.[46] Hawaii had the largest proportion of Asian Americans, with 57% of the state population identifying as Asian or multiracial with at least one part Asian.[30] In Vermont in 2008, Asian Americans were the largest minority.[47] Also, two U.S. territories (Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands) have large Asian populations — in 2010, Guam's population was 32.2% Asian, and the population of the Northern Mariana Islands was 49.9% Asian.[48]

Asian American populations have grown significantly since the 1970s. However, they are underrepresented in several large urban areas, such as Chicago, Philadelphia, Dallas and Atlanta, although in some cases, Asian Americans are concentrated in specific urban neighborhoods or suburbs of these cities.

In regions with large numbers of Asian Americans, communities have developed that are heavily or predominantly Asian. Schools in these areas may offer instruction in languages such as Mandarin. These communities are often given unofficial names to reflect their populations, such as Chinatown, Little Manila, Little India, Japantown, Little Pakistan, Koreatown, Little Saigon, and Little Cambodia.

|  Metropolitan areas with the highest population of Asian Americans (greater than 250,000 people)(2010 Census)[49] | Metropolitan area  | Total  | % of total population

|
|

Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA Metro Area | 1,884,669  | 14.7%
New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Metro Area | 1,878,261  | 9.9%
San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA Metro Area | 1,005,823  | 23.2%
San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Metro Area  | 571,967  | 31.1%
Chicago-Joliet-Naperville, IL-IN-WI Metro Area | 532,801  | 5.6%
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metro Area | 517,458  | 9.3%
Honolulu, HI Metro Area | 477,503  | 43.9%
Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Metro Area | 392,961  | 11.4%
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX Metro Area | 389,007  | 6.5%
Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Metro Area | 341,503  | 5.4%
San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA Metro Area | 336,091  | 10.9%
Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD Metro Area | 295,766  | 5.0%
Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Metro Area | 294,503  | 6.5%
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA Metro Area | 259,071  | 6.1%
Sacramento--Arden-Arcade--Roseville, CA Metro Area | 255,995  | 11.9%
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA Metro Area | 254,307  | 4.8%
Metropolitan Areas with the Highest Proportion of Asian Americans (2010 Census)[50] Metropolitan Area  | Total population  | % of Asian Americans

|
|

Honolulu, HI MSA  | 953,207  | 43.9
San Francisco Bay Area | 8,153,696  | 23.3
Greater Los Angeles Area | 17,877,006  | 14.7
Sacramento/Yolo, CA CMSA  | 2,414,783  | 11.9%
Seattle-Tacoma metropolitan area | 4,274,767  | 11.4%
San Diego, CA MSA  | 3,095,313  | 10.9%
New York metropolitan area | 23,076,664  | 9.9%
Baltimore-Washington (AA demographics)  | 7,608,070  | 9.3%
Greater Houston | 5,920,416  | 6.5

## Trends

[edit]

Asian Americans, on average, have higher incomes and education levels than White Americans. However, they also have higher poverty rates and lower home ownership rates.[51] In addition, homeownership among Asian Americans has increased by twice as much as white Americans in recent years (see Homeownership in the United States).

### Education

[edit]

See also: Education outcomes in the United States by race and other classifications

Asian Americans have the highest educational attainment of any racial group in the country; about 49.8% of them have at least a bachelor's degree.[10] Since the 1990s, Asian American students often have the highest math averages in standardized tests such as the SAT[52][53] and GRE.[54] Their combined scores are usually higher than those of white Americans.[52] The proportion of Asian Americans at many selective educational institutions exceeds the national population rate. Asians constitute around 10–20 percent of those attending Ivy League and other elite universities.[55][56] Asian Americans are a plurality on six of the nine University of California undergraduate campuses,[57] are the largest racial group of undergraduates in the system,[58] and make up more than a quarter of graduate and professional students.[59] Asian Americans are more likely to attend college,[60] are more likely to apply to competitive colleges,[61] and have significantly higher college completion level than other races.[10] According to a poll targeting Asian Americans in 14 states and the District of Columbia conducted by the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund in 2013, 40 percent of Asian Americans have a college degree, with almost a quarter of them having achieved an education attainment greater than a bachelor's degree.[62] That same year, Asian Americans in their late thirties had the highest percentage (65%) of college graduates for that age group than any other race or ethnicity in the United States.[63] These high education attainment statistics contribute to a stereotype of academic and vocational excellence for Asian Americans.[64]

However, there are concerns that the goal of diversity in American higher education has had a negative effect on Asians, with charges of quotas and discrimination starting in the 1980s.[65] Asian American test scores are also bimodal—Asians are over represented both at high scores and low scores.[66] A stereotype has been created that Asian Americans only study STEM and health-related fields at their universities (to become engineers, doctors, etc.).[67] But according to a report by the College Board, Asian Americans do have academic interest in fields like social science, humanities, and education.[68] According to an opinion piece written in The Harvard Crimson, Asian Americans are "over-represented" in higher education in the United States, specifically at elite colleges.[69] This includes Harvard University & Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where over a fifth of undergraduates are Asian American.[70] Similar increases in Asian American enrollment was found in the University of California system, especially in the late 20th century.[71] However, only a small number of institutions are presented, usually selective enrollment institutions, thus making it appear that Asian Americans make up a large part of a university's student population.[68] Moreover, this discrimination brought upon Asian Americans in education has encouraged the model minority stereotype in American society.[71][72] The high expectations placed on Asian American students often cause the problems faced by these students to be overlooked.[73] Issues related to social pressure and mental health are often overlooked due to the idea of the model minority.[74] Education is one of the main aspects that are given a high regard in the social expectations of Asian Americans.[75]

### Income

[edit]

Further information: Income in the United States

It should be understood that different Asian American groups have different levels of household income, per capita income and personal wages.[1]

It should be noted as written by the NRCC Asian American income is better understood when household size and cost of living is factored as many Asian American groups have larger households and disproportionally live in metropolitan areas where the cost of living is high

Income by race and ethnicity and Asian American group 2023 (Household and Per Capita)[76]

While Asian Americans have higher household and personal income levels than any other racial demographic, the Asian poverty rate is higher than that of European Americans.[77] In 2005, the median per capita income for Asian Americans was estimated at $27,331, compared to $26,496 for Whites, $16,874 for African Americans, and $14,483 for those identifying as Hispanic or Latino; the median household income of Asian Americans was estimated at $61,094, compared to $48,554 for European Americans.[11] Additionally 28 percent of Asian American households had incomes exceeding $100,000, compared to 18 percent of the overall population.[78] In 2006, Asian American households were slightly larger than other households, with fewer households with no earners.[79]

In 2008, Asian American households had the highest median income in the US, at $65,637; however, 11.8 percent of Asians were in poverty in 2004, higher than the 8.6 percent rate for non-Hispanic whites.[80] This is largely due to the fact that a high percentage of Asian Americans are immigrants, and independently of race, immigrants are more likely than the native-born to be poor. Once country of birth and other demographic factors are taken into account, Asian Americans are no more likely than non-Hispanic whites to live in poverty.[81] Much of this poverty is concentrated in ethnic enclaves, such as Chinatowns.[82]

|  Median household and personal income along racial lines.[83][84] Household income distribution, by race/ethnicity, 2009 Source: United States Census Bureau[85] | Race/ethnic group  | Type of income  | <$15k  | $15k-
$25k  | $25k-
$35k  | $35k-
$50k  | $50k-
$75k  | $75k-
$100k  | >$100k

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

All Americans | Households | 13.0% | 11.9% | 11.1% | 14.1% | 18.1% | 11.5% | 20.1%
European Americans | Households | 11.4% | 11.6% | 10.8% | 14.2% | 18.7% | 12.0% | 21.4%
African Americans | Households | 23.5% | 15.4% | 13.4% | 14.5% | 15.1% | 8.7% | 9.3%
Asian & Pacific Islanders | Households | 11.7% | 7.9% | 8.2% | 11.1% | 16.9% | 11.8% | 32.4%
Hispanic or Latino | Households | 16.5% | 15.2% | 14.3% | 15.4% | 17.6% | 9.1% | 11.7%

In 2010, the median household income of Asian Americans had increased to $67,022.[86] As with educational achievement, economic prosperity is not uniform among all Asian American groups.[87] In 2005 Census figures show that an average white male with a college diploma earns around $66,000 a year, while similarly educated Asian men earn around $52,000 a year.[88]

However, by 2008, according to the College Board and United States Census Bureau, Asian American males with similar education achievement as their White American male counterparts earned more than their White American male counterparts (median AM = $71K, median WM = $66K). Asian American females also earned more than their White American female counterparts (median AF = $67K, median WF = $51K).[89]

As of 2015, that trend continued.[90][91]

### Population growth

[edit]

Asian American population growth is fueled largely by immigration. Natural population growth accounts for a small proportion of the 43 percent increase in total Asian American population between 2000 and 2010.[23][92][93]

#### Asian American 2022 Population Estimates

[edit]

| Ancestry | Population estimate [94]

|

Bangladeshi | 213,372
Burmese | 189,250
Cambodian | 300,360
Chinese | 5,205,461
Indian | 4,506,308
Filipino | 4,089,570
Hmong | 320,164
Indonesian | 126,935
Japanese | 782,772
Korean | 1,468,279
Laotian | 262,229
Nepalese | 175,005
Pakistani | 526,956
Sri Lankan | 52,448
Taiwanese | 213,774
Thai | 329,343
Vietnamese | 2,162,610
Other Asian,
specified | 7,815
Other Asian,
not specified | 673,674
Total | 22,408,464

#### Ancestry By Country Region

[edit]

| Ancestry | Population
2022[95][94]

|

South Asians | 6,268,769
East Asians | 6,258,943
Southeast Asians | 7,780,461

#### Asian American alone

[edit]

| Ancestry | Population
2000 | Population
2010 | Population
2023 | Percent Change 2000-2010

|
|
|
|

Bangladeshi | 46,905 | 142,080 | 289,423 | 202.9%
Bhutanese | 192 | 18,814 | 15,037 | 9,699.0%
Burmese | 14,620 | 95,536 | 220,379 | 553.5%
Cambodian | 183,769 | 255,497 | 257,203 | 39.0%
Chinese | 2,564,190 | 3,535,382 | 4,228,441 | 37.9%
Filipino | 1,908,125 | 2,649,973 | 3,103,814 | 38.9%
Hispanic | 119,829 | – | – | –
Hmong | 174,712 | 252,323 | 337,925 | 44.4%
Indian | 1,718,778 | 2,918,807 | 4,713,643 | 69.8%
Indonesian | 44,186 | 63,383 | 76,478 | 69.7%
Japanese | 852,237 | 841,824 | 725,773 | −1.2%
Korean | 1,099,422 | 1,463,474 | 1,466,761 | 33.1%
Laotian | 179,103 | 209,646 | 176,801 | 17.1%
Malaysian | 15,029 | 21,868 | 26,002 | 45.5%
Maldivian | 29 | 102 | – | 251.7%
Mongolian | 3,699 | 15,138 | 39,237 | 309.2%
Nepalese | 8,209 | 57,209 | 208,748 | 596.9%
Pakistani | 164,628 | 382,994 | 607,713 | 132.6%
Ryukyuan | 6,138 | 5,681 | – | −7.4%
Singaporean | 2,017 | 4,569 | 7,733 | 126.5%
Sri Lankan | 21,364 | 41,456 | 68,525 | 94.0%
Taiwanese | 118,827 | 199,387 | 262,269 | 67.6%
Thai | 120,918 | 182,872 | 202,982 | 51.2%
Vietnamese | 1,169,672 | 1,632,717 | 1,908,676 | 39.6%
Other Asian,
not specified | 162,913 | 238,332 | 235,482 | 46.3%
Total | 10,242,998 | 14,674,252 | 20,052,323 | 43.3%

#### With multiracial identifiers

[edit]

| Ancestry | Population
2000 | Population
2010 | Population
2023 | Percent Change 2000–2010

|
|
|
|

Bangladeshi | 57,412 | 147,300 | 304,245 | 156.6%
Bhutanese | 212 | 19,439 | 20,462 | 9,069.3%
Burmese | 16,720 | 100,200 | 240,805 | 499.3%
Cambodian | 206,052 | 276,667 | 361,760 | 34.3%
Chinese | 2,865,232 | 4,010,114 | 5,457,033 | 40.0%
Filipino | 2,364,815 | 3,416,840 | 4,640,313 | 44.5%
Hispanic | – | 598,146 | – | –
Hmong | 186,310 | 260,073 | 363,565 | 39.6%
Indian | 1,899,599 | 3,183,063 | 5,160,203 | 67.6%
Indonesian | 63,073 | 95,270 | 147,014 | 51.0%
Japanese | 1,148,932 | 1,304,286 | 1,646,953 | 13.5%
Korean | 1,228,427 | 1,706,822 | 2,023,517 | 38.9%
Laotian | 198,203 | 232,130 | 245,045 | 17.1%
Malaysian | 18,566 | 26,179 | 48,179 | 41.0%
Maldivian | 51 | 127 | – | 149.0%
Mongolian | 5,868 | 18,344 | 51,954 | 212.6%
Nepalese | 9,399 | 59,490 | 223,930 | 532.9%
Pakistani | 204,309 | 409,163 | 684,438 | 100.3%
Ryukyuan | 10,599 | 11,326 | – | 6.9%
Singaporean | 2,394 | 5,347 | 12,435 | 123.4%
Sri Lankan | 24,587 | 45,381 | 84,526 | 84.6%
Taiwanese | 132,038 | 215,582 | 331,224 | 65.2%
Thai | 150,283 | 237,583 | 343,265 | 58.1%
Vietnamese | 1,223,736 | 1,737,433 | 2,347,344 | 42.0%
Other Asian,
not specified | 376,723 | 623,761 | 623,703 | 65.6%
Total | 11,898,828 | 17,320,856 | 25,887,478 | 45.6%

[96]

[97]

## Language

[edit]

Main article: Languages of the United States

According to the 2000 Census, the more prominent languages of the Asian American community include the Chinese languages (Mandarin, Cantonese, Taishanese, and Hokkien), Tagalog, Vietnamese, Korean, Japanese, Hindi, Tamil, Telugu, and Gujarati.[98] In 2008, Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tagalog, and Vietnamese languages were all used in elections in Alaska, California, Hawaii, Illinois, New York, Texas, and Washington state.[99]

In 2010, there were 2.8 million people (5 and older) who spoke a Chinese language at home;[100] after the English and Spanish languages, it is the third most common language in the United States.[100] Other sizeable Asian languages are Tagalog, Vietnamese, Hindi/Urdu, and Korean, with all four having more than 1 million speakers in the United States.[100][101][102]

In 2012, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Illinois, Massachusetts, Michigan, Nevada, New Jersey, New York, Texas and Washington were publishing election material in Asian languages in accordance with the Voting Rights Act.[103] These include Tagalog, Mandarin Chinese, Vietnamese, Hindi and Bengali.[103] Election materials were also available in Gujarati, Japanese, Khmer, Korean, and Thai.[104] According to a 2013 poll conducted by the Asian American Legal Defense and Education Fund, 48 percent of Asian Americans considered media in their native language as their primary news source.[105]

Language | Population
2016 | Speak English
"very well" | Speak English
less than "very well"

|
|
|

Chinese | 3,372,930 | 1,518,619 | 1,854,311
Tagalog | 1,701,960 | 1,159,211 | 542,749
Vietnamese | 1,509,994 | 634,273 | 875,720
Hindustani | 1,285,358 | 985,291 | 304,227
Korean | 1,088,788 | 505,734 | 583,054
Japanese | 464,535 | 265,552 | 197,983
Gujarati | 407,520 | 265,219 | 139,612
Telugu | 365,566 | 264,368 | 143,152
Bengali | 324,008 | 182,447 | 141,561
Tai-Kadai | 307,442 | 152,210 | 155,212
Punjabi | 287,491 | 168,743 | 118,748
Tamil | 273,332 | 221,997 | 51,355
Hmong | 224,133 | 133,163 | 90,970
Khmer | 203,115 | 102,364 | 100,751
Other Austronesian languages | 467,718 | 291,405 | 176,313
Other Indic languages | 409,631 | 244,847 | 164,784
Other Dravidian languages | 241,678 | 184,233 | 57,445
Other languages of Asia | 384,154 | 175,146 | 209,008

## Religion

[edit]

See also: Religion in the United States

Asian American religious preferences are wide-ranging and tend to be more diverse than those other races in the United States.[106] The growth of Asian American immigration since 1965 has contributed to this diversity.[107] Until recently, a dearth of scholarship regarding Asian American religious beliefs led to a stereotype that Asian Americans are not religious or spiritual.[108] Although 59 percent of Asian Americans believe strongly in the existence of one or more gods, 30 percent identify as "secular" or "somewhat secular." Only 39 percent of Asian American households belong to a local church or temple, due to atheism or adherence to Eastern religions without congregational traditions.[109]

No religious affiliation claims a majority of Asian Americans. The Trinity College American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS) in 2008 found that of Asian Americans, 27% identified as none or agnostic, 21% identified with an Eastern religion, 17% identified as Catholic, 10% identified as generically Christian, 6% identified as mainline Protestant, 3% identified as Baptist, 2% identified as Penecostal or other Protestant, and 8% identified as Muslim.[110][111] A separate 2008 survey of the Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life found that 17% of Asians identify as Catholic, 17% as evangelical Protestant, 14% as Hindu, 11% as secular, 3% as atheist, 4% as agnostic, and 5% as other unaffiliated.[13] In 2012, a Pew Research Center survey of the Faiths of Asian Americans found that a plurality of Asian American respondents (42%) were Christian, followed by those who were unaffiliated (26%), Buddhist (14%), Hindu (10%), and Muslim (4%).[112] The 2008 Pew survey found that about a third of American Buddhists are Asian.[113]

Both the 2008 ARIS survey and the 2008 Pew survey found that of all major U.S. demographics, Asian Americans had the highest number of respondents who did not claim a religion or refused to divulge their religious affiliation.[13][110] A Gallup poll conducted in 2010 found that Asian Americans were the group least likely to say that religion was important in their daily lives, although a 54 percent majority of respondents still said that religion was important in their daily lives.[114]

Filipino Americans are majority Catholic, and a significant minority of Vietnamese Americans are as well.[107] Most Muslim Asian Americans come from, or trace their ancestry to, Bangladesh, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Pakistan.[115]

## Sexuality

[edit]

According to a Gallup survey conducted from June to September 2012, 4.3 percent of Asian Americans self identify as LGBT. This compares with 4.6 percent of African-Americans, 4 percent of Hispanic-Americans, 3.2 percent of Caucasian-Americans, and the overall 3.4 percent of American adults that self identify as LGBT in the total population.[14]

In a Gallup survey conducted in 2017, 4.9 percent of Asian Americans identified as LGBT, representing the second-highest growth of LGBT representation among African Americans, Hispanic Americans, and Caucasian Americans.[116]

## U.S. states and territories

[edit]

State/Territory | Asian American
Population
(2010)[23][117] | Percentage
Asian American
(2010)[23] | Asian American
Population
(2020)[118] | Percentage
Asian American
(2020)[118]

|
|
|
|

Alabama | 67,036 | 1.4 | 102,777 | 2.0
Alaska | 50,402 | 7.1 | 61,460 | 8.4
American Samoa | 1,994 | 3.6 | - | \-
Arizona | 230,907 | 3.6 | 351,132 | 4.9
Arkansas | 44,943 | 1.5 | 68,568 | 2.6
California | 5,556,592 | 14.9 | 7,045,163 | 17.8
Colorado | 185,589 | 3.7 | 285,784 | 4.9
Connecticut | 157,088 | 4.4 | 205,693 | 5.7
Delaware | 33,701 | 3.8 | 50,969 | 5.1
District of Columbia | 26,857 | 4.5 | 45,465 | 6.6
Florida | 573,083 | 3.0 | 843,005 | 3.9
Georgia | 365,497 | 3.8 | 565,644 | 5.3
Guam | 51,381 | 32.2 | - | \-
Hawaii | 780,968 | 57.4 | 824,143 | 56.6
Idaho | 29,698 | 1.9 | 47,513 | 2.6
Illinois | 668,694 | 5.2 | 875,488 | 6.8
Indiana | 126,750 | 2.0 | 212,649 | 3.1
Iowa | 64,512 | 2.1 | 96,861 | 3.0
Kansas | 83,930 | 2.9 | 112,195 | 3.8
Kentucky | 62,029 | 1.4 | 98,763 | 2.2
Louisiana | 84,335 | 1.9 | 111,836 | 2.4
Maine | 18,333 | 1.4 | 25,473 | 1.9
Maryland | 370,044 | 6.4 | 502,173 | 8.1
Massachusetts | 394,211 | 6.0 | 582,484 | 8.3
Michigan | 289,607 | 2.9 | 411,928 | 4.1
Minnesota[119] | 247,132 | 4.7 | 357,704 | 6.3
Mississippi | 32,560 | 1.1 | 44,931 | 1.5
Missouri | 123,571 | 2.1 | 179,336 | 2.9
Montana | 10,482 | 1.1 | 16,889 | 1.6
Nebraska | 40,561 | 2.2 | 69,006 | 3.5
Nevada | 242,916 | 9.0 | 353,593 | 11.4
New Hampshire | 34,522 | 2.6 | 46,861 | 3.4
New Jersey | 795,163 | 9.0 | 1,046,732 | 11.3
New Mexico | 40,456 | 2.0 | 55,997 | 2.6
New York | 1,579,494 | 8.2 | 2,173,719 | 10.8
North Carolina | 252,585 | 2.6 | 425,449 | 4.1
North Dakota | 9,193 | 1.4 | 18,675 | 2.4
Northern Mariana Islands | 26,908 | 49.9 | - | \-
Ohio | 238,292 | 2.1 | 377,303 | 3.2
Oklahoma | 84,170 | 2.2 | 123,614 | 3.1
Oregon | 186,281 | 4.9 | 275,296 | 6.5
Pennsylvania | 402,587 | 3.2 | 603,726 | 4.6
Puerto Rico | 10,464 | 0.3 | 8,904 | 0.3
Rhode Island | 36,763 | 3.5 | 48,450 | 4.4
South Carolina | 75,674 | 1.6 | 123,666 | 2.4
South Dakota | 10,216 | 1.3 | 18,489 | 2.1
Tennessee | 113,398 | 1.8 | 178,683 | 2.6
Texas | 1,110,666 | 4.4 | 1,849,226 | 6.3
Utah | 77,748 | 2.8 | 125,088 | 3.8
Vermont | 10,463 | 1.7 | 16,182 | 2.5
Virgin Islands (U.S.) | 1,457 | 1.4 | - | \-
Virginia | 522,199 | 6.5 | 757,282 | 8.8
Washington | 604,251 | 9.0 | 939,846 | 12.2
West Virginia | 16,465 | 0.9 | 22,281 | 1.2
Wisconsin | 151,513 | 2.7 | 216,345 | 3.7
Wyoming | 6,729 | 1.2 | 9,473 | 1.6
United States of America | 17,320,856 | 5.6 | 24,000,998 | 7.2

The above list displays the population of Asian Americans ("Alone, or in combination") in US states, Puerto Rico, and the District of Columbia, according to the 2010 United States census

## Origins of the Asian population (2010 Census)

[edit]

State/Territory | Chinese[120] | Filipino[121] | Indian[122] | Japanese[123] | Korean[124] | Vietnamese[125] | Other Asian

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Alabama | 11,154 | 8,224 | 14,951 | 4,336 | 10,624 | 8,488 | 9,259
Alaska | 3,726 | 25,424 | 1,911 | 3,926 | 6,542 | 1,446 | 7,427
American Samoa | 440 | 1,217 | 3 | 11 | 217 | 34 | 72
Arizona | 42,331 | 53,067 | 40,510 | 19,611 | 21,125 | 27,872 | 26,391
Arkansas | 6,301 | 6,396 | 7,973 | 2,384 | 3,247 | 6,302 | 12,340
California | 1,451,537 | 1,474,707 | 590,445 | 428,014 | 505,225 | 647,589 | 459,075
Colorado | 33,344 | 26,242 | 24,135 | 22,714 | 28,177 | 23,933 | 27,044
Connecticut | 36,483 | 16,402 | 50,806 | 6,203 | 11,760 | 10,804 | 24,630
Delaware | 7,033 | 4,637 | 12,344 | 1,196 | 3,099 | 1,688 | 3,704
District of Columbia | 6,583 | 3,670 | 6,417 | 2,010 | 2,990 | 1,856 | 3,331
Florida | 94,244 | 122,691 | 151,438 | 25,747 | 35,629 | 65,772 | 77,562
Georgia | 54,298 | 28,528 | 105,444 | 14,247 | 60,836 | 49,264 | 52,880
Guam | 2,617 | 41,944 | — | 2,368 | 3,437 | 337 | 678
Hawaii | 199,751 | 342,095 | 4,737 | 312,292 | 48,699 | 13,266 | 139,872
Idaho | 5,473 | 6,211 | 2,786 | 5,698 | 2,806 | 2,154 | 4,570
Illinois | 119,308 | 139,090 | 203,669 | 28,623 | 70,263 | 29,101 | 78,640
Indiana | 26,038 | 16,988 | 30,947 | 8,437 | 13,685 | 8,175 | 22,480
Iowa | 11,494 | 6,026 | 12,525 | 2,854 | 7,375 | 9,543 | 14,695
Kansas | 13,448 | 9,399 | 15,644 | 4,178 | 7,756 | 16,074 | 17,431
Kentucky | 10,512 | 8,402 | 14,253 | 6,197 | 7,264 | 5,813 | 9,588
Louisiana | 11,953 | 10,243 | 13,147 | 3,117 | 4,752 | 30,202 | 10,921
Maine | 4,390 | 2,918 | 2,397 | 1,181 | 1,741 | 2,170 | 3,536
Maryland | 79,660 | 56,909 | 88,709 | 12,826 | 55,051 | 26,605 | 50,284
Massachusetts | 136,866 | 18,673 | 85,441 | 15,358 | 28,904 | 47,636 | 61,343
Michigan | 51,525 | 32,324 | 84,750 | 17,412 | 30,292 | 19,456 | 53,848
Minnesota[119] | 30,047 | 15,660 | 38,097 | 7,995 | 20,995 | 27,086 | 107,252
Mississippi | 5,333 | 5,638 | 6,458 | 807 | 2,301 | 7,721 | 4,302
Missouri | 26,001 | 17,706 | 26,263 | 7,084 | 12,689 | 16,530 | 17,298
Montana | 1,919 | 2,829 | 930 | 1,854 | 1,369 | 481 | 1,100
Nebraska | 5,730 | 4,900 | 6,708 | 3,106 | 3,815 | 8,677 | 7,625
Nevada | 39,448 | 123,891 | 14,290 | 21,364 | 18,518 | 12,366 | 13,039
New Hampshire | 7,652 | 3,369 | 9,075 | 1,842 | 3,021 | 2,907 | 6,686
New Jersey | 149,356 | 126,793 | 311,310 | 19,710 | 100,334 | 23,535 | 64,125
New Mexico | 7,668 | 8,535 | 5,727 | 4,889 | 3,760 | 5,403 | 4,474
New York | 615,932 | 126,129 | 368,767 | 51,781 | 153,609 | 34,510 | 228,763
North Carolina | 40,820 | 29,314 | 63,852 | 12,878 | 25,420 | 30,665 | 49,636
North Dakota | 1,762 | 1,704 | 1,740 | 628 | 933 | 791 | 1,635
Northern Mariana Islands | 3,659 | 19,017 | — | 795 | 2,253 | — | 1,184
Ohio | 50,870 | 27,661 | 71,211 | 16,995 | 21,207 | 15,639 | 34,706
Oklahoma | 11,658 | 10,850 | 14,078 | 5,580 | 9,072 | 18,098 | 14,834
Oregon | 41,374 | 29,101 | 20,200 | 24,535 | 20,395 | 29,485 | 21,191
Pennsylvania | 96,606 | 33,021 | 113,389 | 12,699 | 47,429 | 44,605 | 54,838
Puerto Rico | 2,751 | 445 | 5,475 | 313 | 205 | 232 | 1,043
Rhode Island | 8,228 | 4,117 | 5,645 | 1,455 | 2,658 | 1,615 | 13,045
South Carolina | 11,706 | 15,228 | 17,961 | 4,745 | 7,162 | 7,840 | 11,032
South Dakota | 1,570 | 1,864 | 1,433 | 696 | 1,179 | 1,002 | 2,472
Tennessee | 18,313 | 14,409 | 26,619 | 6,955 | 13,245 | 11,351 | 22,506
Texas | 182,477 | 137,713 | 269,327 | 37,715 | 85,332 | 227,968 | 170,134
Utah | 16,358 | 10,657 | 7,598 | 12,782 | 7,888 | 9,338 | 13,127
Vermont | 2,833 | 1,035 | 1,723 | 842 | 1,271 | 1,206 | 1,553
Virgin Islands (U.S.) | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,457
Virginia | 72,585 | 90,493 | 114,471 | 20,138 | 82,006 | 59,984 | 82,522
Washington | 120,814 | 137,083 | 68,978 | 67,597 | 80,049 | 75,843 | 53,887
West Virginia | 3,208 | 3,059 | 3,969 | 1,159 | 1,571 | 1,104 | 2,395
Wisconsin | 21,054 | 13,158 | 25,998 | 5,967 | 10,949 | 6,191 | 68,196
Wyoming | 1,340 | 1,657 | 739 | 982 | 803 | 283 | 925
United States of America | 4,010,114 | 3,416,840 | 3,183,063 | 1,304,286 | 1,706,822 | 1,737,433 | 1,962,298

Chinese Americans figures include Taiwanese Americans; Data for the territories (except Puerto Rico) is from American FactFinder's 2010 United States census data[126][127][128][129]

## See also

[edit]

* List of U.S. cities with Asian American majority populations
* Middle Eastern Americans

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[edit]

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75. ^ Kiang, Lisa; Huynh, Virginia W.; Cheah, Charissa S. L.; Wang, Yijie; Yoshikawa, Hirokazu (2017). "Moving Beyond the Model Minority". Asian American Journal of Psychology. 8 (1): 1–6\. doi:10.1037/aap0000070.
76. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2024-11-26.
77. ^ US Census Bureau publication p 60–231 "Income, Poverty and Health Insurance in the United States: 2005" (PDF). Retrieved December 18, 2006.
78. ^ "State of the Asian American Consumer" (PDF). The Nielsen Company. 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
79. ^ Shiao-Lin Shirley Tsai; Lucilla Tan (June 2006). "Food-at-home expenditures of Asian households" (PDF). Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
80. ^ "Income, Poverty, and Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2008" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. 2009. p. 9.
81. ^ Takei, Isao; Sakamoto, Arthur (August 17, 2018). "Poverty among Asian Americans in the 21st Century". Sociological Perspectives. 54 (2): 251–276\. doi:10.1525/sop.2011.54.2.251. JSTOR 10.1525/sop.2011.54.2.251. S2CID 147015408.
82. ^ Financing Affordable Housing: A Primer By Rick Liu, Sampan (archived from the original on June 16, 2008)
83. ^ "Table PINC-03. Educational Attainment—People 25 Years Old and Over, by Total Money Earnings in 2005, Work Experience in 2005, Age, Race, Hispanic Origin and Sex". Annual Demographic Survey. U.S. Census. August 29, 2006. Archived from the original on January 4, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
84. ^ "Table HINC-06. Income Distribution to $250,000 or More for Households: 2005". Annual Demographic Survey. U.S. Census. August 29, 2006. Archived from the original on January 4, 2007. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
85. ^ "Table 690. Money Income of Households—Percent Distribution by Income Level, Race, and Hispanic Origin, in Constant (2009) Dollars: 1990 to 2009" (PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. 2012. Retrieved 22 October 2014.
86. ^ "Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2012". United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. March 21, 2012. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
87. ^ Weingarten, Liza; Smith, Raymond Arthur (2009). "Asian American Immigration Status" (PDF). Majority Rule and Minority Rights Issue Briefs. Columbia University. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
88. ^ George Padgett (2006). New Directions in Diversity: A New Approach to Covering America's Multicultural Communities. Marion Street Press. p. 85\. ISBN 978-1-933338-04-0.
T. Denean Sharpley-Whiting (September 2008). Pimps Up, Ho's Down: Hip Hop's Hold on Young Black Women. NYU Press. p. 159\. ISBN 978-0-8147-4064-4.
Armas, Genaro C. (28 March 2018). "Black, Asian women with college degree outearn white women". Seattle Times. Retrieved 10 October 2018. "A white male with a college diploma earns far more than any similarly educated man or woman — in excess of $66,000 a year, according to the Census Bureau. Among men with bachelor's degrees, Asians earned more than $52,000 a year, Hispanics earned $49,000 and blacks earned more than $45,000."
89. ^ Median Earnings by Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Education Level, 2008 (Report). College Board. 2009. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
90. ^ Jennifer Ma; Matea Pender; Meredith Welch (2016). Education Pages 2016: The Benefits of Higher Education for Individuals and Society (PDF) (Report). College Board. p. 21. Retrieved 31 October 2018.
91. ^ "Racial, gender wage gaps persist in U.S. despite some progress". Pew Research Center. July 2016. Retrieved 2019-05-04.
92. ^ Karen R. Hume; Nicholas A. Jones; Roberto R. Ramirez (March 2011). "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. U.S. Department of Commerce. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 June 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2011. "Table 8. The Asian Population and Largest Multiple-Race Combinations by Hispanic or Latino Origin for the United States:2010. Asian Alone or in Combination/Hispanic or Latino/598,146/100.0/(X)"
93. ^ "Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2000" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau.
94. ^ a b "Community Facts".
95. ^ "Asian American: American Community Survey (ACS) Reports".
96. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
97. ^ "Explore Census Data". data.census.gov. Retrieved 2024-09-21.
98. ^ "Language Use and English-Speaking Ability: 2000: Census 2000 Brief" (PDF). census.gov. Retrieved August 17, 2018.
99. ^ EAC Issues Glossaries of Election Terms in Five Asian Languages Translations to Make Voting More Accessible to a Majority of Asian American Citizens. Election Assistance Commission. June 20, 2008. (archived from the original on July 31, 2008)
100. ^ a b c "Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month: May 2012". United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. March 21, 2012. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
101. ^ "Table 53. Languages Spoken At Home by Language: 2011" (PDF), Language use in the United States, August 2013, U.S. Census Bureau, archived from the original (PDF) on February 5, 2016, retrieved February 19, 2016
102. ^ "American FactFinder – Results". U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on February 12, 2020. Retrieved August 16, 2017.
103. ^ a b Timothy Pratt (October 18, 2012). "More Asian Immigrants Are Finding Ballots in Their Native Tongue". New York Times. Las Vegas. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
104. ^ Leslie Berestein Rojas (November 6, 2012). "Five new Asian languages make their debut at the polls". KPCC. Retrieved January 12, 2013.
105. ^ Shaun Tandon (January 17, 2013). "Half of Asian Americans rely on ethnic media: poll". Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on February 16, 2013. Retrieved January 25, 2013.
106. ^ Espinosa, Gastón (2008). Religion, race, and the American presidency. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 188. ISBN 978-0-7425-6321-6. Retrieved March 6, 2012. "Religions Asian Americans."
107. ^ a b Harvey, Paul (2012). The Columbia Guide to Religion in American History. Columbia University Press. p. 330\. ISBN 978-0-231-14020-1. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
108. ^ Carnes, Tony; Yang, Fenggang (2004). Asian American religions: the making and remaking of borders and boundaries. New York University Press. p. 3\. ISBN 978-0-8147-1630-4. Retrieved March 7, 2012.
109. ^ Kosmin, Barry Alexander; Keysar, Ariela (2006). Religion in a free market: religious and non-religious Americans, who, what, why, where. Ithaca, New York: Paramount Market Publishing. pp. 241–242. ISBN 978-0-9766973-6-7. Retrieved March 6, 2012. "Religions Asian Americans."
110. ^ a b Kosmin, Barry A.; Keysar, Ariela (March 2009). "American Religious Identification Survey (ARIS 2008)" (PDF). Institute for the Study of Secularism in Society & Culture. Trinity College. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
111. ^ Le, C.N. (2012). "Religion, Spirituality, and Faith". Asian-Nation.org. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
112. ^ "Asian Americans: A Mosaic of Faiths". The Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. Pew Research Center. July 19, 2012. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
113. ^ "U.S. Religious Landscape Survey: Religious Affiliation". Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. February 1, 2008.
114. ^ Jones, Jeffrey M. (February 3, 2010). "Asian-Americans Lean Left Politically". Gallup. Retrieved March 6, 2012.
115. ^ Syed, Farhan A. (2006). Integration and Isolation: A Comparative Study of Immigrant Muslims in the United States and the United Kingdom (PDF) (Master of Arts thesis). University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 20, 2011. Retrieved May 19, 2011.
116. ^ Inc, Gallup (2018-05-22). "In U.S., Estimate of LGBT Population Rises to 4.5%". Gallup.com. Retrieved 2019-12-09. `{{cite web}}`: `|last=` has generic name (help)
117. ^ "Total Population: Asian Alone or in combination with one or more other races". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
118. ^ a b "Race and Ethnicity in the United States". United States Census Bureau. August 12, 2021. Retrieved August 17, 2021.
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120. ^ "Total Population: Chinese alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
121. ^ "Total Population: Filipino alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 12 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
122. ^ "Total Population: Asian Indian alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
123. ^ "Total Population: Japanese alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
124. ^ "Total Population: Korean alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
125. ^ "Total Population: Vietnamese alone or in any combination". 2010 Census Summary File 2. United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 14 February 2020. Retrieved 4 May 2019.
126. ^ https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_ASSF_P3&prodType=table Archived 2020-02-14 at archive.today American FactFinder. Ethnic Origin Or Race; 2010 American Samoa Summary File. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
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128. ^ https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_MPSF_P3&prodType=table Archived 2020-02-14 at archive.today American FactFinder. Ethnic Origin Or Race; 2010 Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Summary File. Retrieved November 9, 2018.
129. ^ https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/tableservices/jsf/pages/productview.xhtml?pid=DEC_10_VISF_P3&prodType=table Archived 2020-02-12 at archive.today American FactFinder. Race; 2010 U.S. Virgin Islands Summary File. Retrieved November 9, 2018.

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ In terms of Asians alone (not mixed with any other race), Hawaii's population was 37.6% Asian in 2019 (a plurality of the population).[37]

## External links

[edit]

* Asian-Nation Asian American Socioeconomic Statistics and Comparisons
* "Demographics of Asian Americans". Pew Research Social & Demographic Trends. Pew Research Center. 4 April 2013.

* v
* t
* e

Asian Americans

Central Asian|

* Afghan
* Baloch
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uyghur
* Uzbek

East Asian|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Japanese
* in Hawaii
* Okinawans in Hawaii
* Korean
* in Hawaii
* Mongolian
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan

South Asian|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Sri Lankan

Southeast Asian|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong
* Indonesian
* Laotian
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Thai
* Vietnamese
* Mien

Other|

* Asian Hispanic and Latino
* Punjabi Mexican
* Multiracial Americans
* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian

History|

* Immigration
* Military
* Internment of Japanese Americans

Topics|

* Arts and Entertainment
* Broadcast journalism
* Demographics
* Politics
* Science and technology
* Sports
* Stereotypes
* East and Southeast Asians
* South Asians
* Model minority myth

Regions|

* California
* Los Angeles
* San Francisco
* Metro Detroit
* Hawaii
* Houston
* Louisiana
* Maryland
* New York City
* Nevada
* North Carolina
* Philadelphia
* Puerto Rico
* Washington
* Washington, D.C.
* Virginia

* v
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* e

Demographics of the United States

Demographic history

Socioeconomic status

* Affluence
* Gender inequality
* Educational attainment
* Emigration
* Home-ownership
* Household income
* Housing segregation
* Immigration
* Income inequality
* Language
* LGBT
* Middle classes
* Personal income
* Poverty
* Racial inequality
* Race and health
* Racial achievement gap
* Racial wage gap
* Social class
* Standard of living
* Unemployment by state
* Wealth
* Ethnocultural politics

Religions

* Baha'is
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* Christians
* Catholics
* Coptics
* Mormons
* Protestants
* Hindus
* Jains
* Jews
* Muslims
* Ahmadiyyas
* Five Percenters
* Moorish Scientists
* Nation of Islam
* Value Creators
* Native American
* Neopagans
* Non-religious
* Rastafaris
* Scientologists
* Sikhs
* Zoroastrians

* v
* t
* e

Ancestry and ethnicity in the United States

General/miscellaneous ethno-racial classifications

| General groups|

* African Americans
* Asian Americans
* Native Americans
* Alaska Natives
* Pacific Islanders
* Native Hawaiians
* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* Appalachians

|

Hispanic/Latino|

* Asian Latino
* Punjabi Mexicans
* Black Latino
* Blaxican
* Mestizo
* Puerto Ricans
* Stateside Puerto Ricans
* White Latino

Multiracial|

* Afro-Asian
* Amerasian
* Black Indians
* Blaxican
* Cajuns
* Creoles
* Hapa
* Melungeon
* Mestizo
* Mulatto
* Punjabi Mexicans

Aboriginal/Indigenous/Native Americans

| Alaskan|

* Aleutians
* Alutiiq
* Athabaskans
* Gwich'in
* Haida
* Iñupiat
* Tsimshian
* Tlingit
* Yupik

|

Californian|

* Cahuilla
* Chemehuevi
* Chumash
* Cupeño
* Diegueño
* Esselen
* Juaneño
* Kitanemuk
* Luiseño
* Miwok
* Patwin
* Pomo
* Salinan
* Serrano
* Suisunes
* Ohlone
* Awaswas
* Chalon
* Chochenyo
* Karkin
* Tamyen
* Tataviam
* Tongva
* Wappo
* Wintun
* Yokuts

Iroquois|

* Cayuga
* Mohawk
* Oneida
* Onondaga
* Seneca
* Tuscarora

Miscellaneous|

* Abenaki
* Apache
* Blackfeet
* Cherokee
* Cheyenne
* Chickasaw
* Choctaw
* Colville
* Comanche
* Cree
* Crow
* Houma
* Kiowa
* Lenape
* Menominee
* Mohave
* Muscogee
* Navajo
* Ojibwe
* Osage
* Odawa
* Paiute
* Pawnee
* Pima
* Potawatomi
* Puebloans
* Zia
* Zuni
* Quechan
* Salish
* Seminole
* Shawnee
* Shoshone
* Sioux
* Tohono Oʼodham
* Ute
* Yakama
* Yaqui

The Americas (by region and country)

| Caribbean|

* Anglo-Caribbean
* Antiguan
* Bahamian
* Barbadian
* Bermudian
* Dominican (Commonwealth)
* Grenadian
* Jamaican
* Kittian
* St. Lucian
* Trinidadian
* Vincentian
* Virgin Islanders
* Dutch Caribbean
* Indo-Caribbean
* Latin Caribbean
* Cuban
* Dominican (Republic)
* Haitian
* Puerto Ricans

|

North America|

* Belizean
* Canadian
* French Canadian
* Greenlandic
* Latin North/Central American
* Costa Rican
* Guatemalan
* Honduran
* Mexican
* Indigenous Mexican
* Nicaraguan
* Panamanian
* Salvadoran

South America|

* Guyanese
* Latin South American
* Argentine
* Bolivian
* Brazilian
* Chilean
* Colombian
* Ecuadorian
* Paraguayan
* Peruvian
* Uruguayan
* Venezuelan
* Surinamese

Africa

| General/misc.|

* Black African diaspora
* African Americans
* Afro-Caribbeans
* Afro-Latinos
* Recent African immigrants

|

Central Africa|

* Cameroonian
* Congolese
* Equatoguinean
* Gabonese

East Africa|

* Eritrean
* Ethiopian
* Kenyan
* Somali
* South Sudanese
* Tanzanian
* Ugandan

Southern Africa|

* Angolan
* Malawian
* South African
* Afrikaners
* Zimbabwean

West Africa|

* Beninese
* Cape Verdean
* Fula
* Gambian
* Ghanaian
* Guinean
* Guinea-Bissauan
* Ivorian
* Liberian
* Malian
* Mauritanian
* Nigerian
* Igbo
* Yoruba
* Senegalese
* Sierra Leonean
* Togolese

Asia

| General/misc.|

* Asian Americans
* Asian Latinos

|

Central Asia|

* Afghan
* Pashtun
* Kazakh
* Kyrgyz
* Tajik
* Turkmen
* Uzbek

East Asia|

* Chinese
* Fuzhounese
* Hakka
* Hoklo
* Hong Kong
* Taiwanese
* Tibetan
* Uyghur
* Japanese
* Ryukyuan
* Korean
* Mongolian

South Asia|

* Bangladeshi
* Bengali
* Bhutanese
* Indian
* Bengali
* Gujarati
* Malayali
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Tamil
* Telugu
* Indo-Caribbean
* Maldivian
* Nepalese
* Pakistani
* Balochi
* Pashtun
* Punjabi
* Sindhi
* Sri Lankan
* Tamil

Southeast Asia|

* Burmese
* Karen
* Cambodian
* Filipino
* Hmong–Mien
* Hmong
* Iu Mien
* Indonesian
* Laotian
* Malaysian
* Singaporean
* Thai
* Vietnamese

Europe

| General/misc.|

* White/European Americans
* Non-Hispanic Whites
* White Hispanic/Latino
* Jewish
* Romani
* Bashalde

|

British Isles|

* British
* Cornish
* English
* Manx
* Scottish
* Welsh
* Irish
* Scotch-Irish

Central Europe|

* Austrian
* Czech
* German
* Frisian
* Sorbian
* Polish
* Kashubian
* Rusyn
* Silesian
* Slovak
* Swiss

Eastern Europe|

* Baltic
* Estonian
* Latvian
* Lithuanian
* Belarusian
* Moldovan
* Russian
* Chechen
* Circassian
* Cossack
* Kalmyk
* Ukrainian
* Cossack

Northern Europe|

* Danish
* Faroese
* Greenlandic
* Finnish
* Icelandic
* Norwegian
* Sami
* Swedish

Southern Europe|

* Iberian
* Portuguese
* Spanish
* Asturian
* Basque
* Canarian
* Catalan
* Galician
* Italian
* Sicilian
* Maltese
* Sammarinese

Southeast Europe|

* Albanian
* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bulgarian
* Cypriot
* Georgian
* Greek
* Hungarian
* Romanian
* Turkish
* Yugoslav
* Bosnian
* Croatian
* Macedonian
* Montenegrin
* Serbian
* Slovenian

Western Europe|

* Belgian
* Flemish
* Dutch
* Afrikaners
* French
* Basque
* Breton
* Corsican
* French Canadian
* Liechtensteiner
* Luxembourger

Middle East and North Africa

| Multinational|

* Arab
* Assyrian
* Berber
* Circassian
* Jewish
* Kurdish

|

North Africa|

* Algerian
* Egyptian
* Coptic
* Libyan
* Moroccan
* Sudanese
* Tunisian

West Asia|

* Armenian
* Azerbaijani
* Bahraini
* Cypriot
* Emirati
* Georgian
* Iranian
* Balochi
* Iraqi
* Israeli
* Jordanian
* Kuwaiti
* Lebanese
* Omani
* Palestinian
* Qatari
* Saudi
* Syrian
* Syrian-Jewish
* Turkish
* Yemeni

Oceania (Pacific Islands)

| Australasia|

* Australian
* New Zealander
* Maori

|

Melanesia|

* Fijian
* Papuan

Micronesia|

* Chamorro
* Marshallese
* Micronesian (Federation)
* Palauan

Polynesia|

* French Polynesian
* Hawaiian
* Maori
* Samoan
* Tongan

Related subjects

* People of the United States / Americans
* American ancestry
* Native American ancestry
* Maps of American ancestries
* 2010 census
* Race and ethnicity in the census
* Race and ethnicity in the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
* Racism

* v
* t
* e

United States state-related lists

List of states and territories of the United States

Demographics|

* Population
* African American
* Amish
* Asian
* birth and death rates
* density
* Hispanic and Latino
* historical
* household income
* immigration
* LGBT
* non-Hispanic white
* Pacific Islander
* Spanish-speaking
* Educational attainment
* Largest cities by population
* Median age
* Most popular given names
* Most populous counties
* Net migration
* Populated places
* Population density (cities)
* Race/ethnicity
* Religiosity
* irreligion

Economy|

* Billionaires
* Budgets
* Companies
* Credit ratings
* Employment rates
* Exports and imports
* Federal tax revenue
* Federal taxation and spending
* Gross domestic product
* growth rate
* per capita
* Income
* inequality
* Median home prices
* Median wages
* Millionaire households
* Minimum wages
* Poverty rates
* R&D spending
* Sales taxes
* Savings rate
* Socioeconomic factors
* Sovereign wealth funds
* State income taxes
* Unemployment rates
* Union affiliation
* Vehicles per capita

Environment|

* Botanical gardens
* Carbon dioxide emissions
* Parks
* National Natural Landmarks
* National Wildlife Refuges
* Nature centers
* Electricity (Renewable)
* Superfund sites
* Wilderness areas

Geography|

* Area
* Bays
* Beaches
* Coastline
* Elevation
* Extreme points
* Forest
* Geographic centers
* Highest cities
* Islands
* Lakes
* Mountains
* Regions
* Volcanoes

Government|

* Agriculture commissioners
* Attorneys general
* Capitals
* Capitol buildings
* Comparison
* Congressional districts
* members
* Counties
* alphabetical
* list
* Courts
* Governors
* lieutenant governors
* Legislatures
* Libraries and archives
* Official languages
* Poets laureate
* Politics by state or territory
* political party strength
* State auditors
* State legislators
* Alabama–Missouri
* Montana–Wyoming
* state senators
* State secretaries of state
* State speakers
* State chief justices
* State presidents pro tempore
* State superintendents of education
* State supreme courts
* State treasurers
* Statewide elected executive officials

Health|

* Changes in life expectancy, 1985–2010
* Fertility rates
* Hospitals
* Human Development Index
* American Human Development Index
* Life expectancy
* Infant mortality rates
* Obesity rates
* Road deaths
* Smoking

History|

* Date of statehood
* Name etymologies
* Historical societies
* Museums
* National Historic Landmarks
* National Register of Historic Places
* State partitions
* Historic regions

Law|

* Abortion
* Age of consent
* Alcohol
* dry communities
* Alford plea
* Cell phone use while driving
* Constitutions
* Firearms
* firearms death rates
* gun violence
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* Incest
* Law enforcement agencies
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* Marriage
* cousin
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* same sex
* Peace Index
* Prisons
* incarceration rate
* Seat belt laws
* Self-representation
* Smoking bans
* Speed limits (by jurisdiction)
* Statutory codes
* Violent crime rate

Miscellaneous|

* Abbreviations
* Airports
* Bus transit systems
* Casinos
* Cemeteries
* Demonyms
* Flags
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* Insignia
* coats of arms
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* Nicknames
* Numbered highways
* Quarters
* 50 states
* District of Columbia and territories
* America the Beautiful quarters
* Snowiest places
* Symbols
* Tallest buildings
* Temperature extremes
* Time zones

* Category
* Commons
* Portals

*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template