Demographics of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Population pyramid of Bosnia Herzegovina in 2020

Population| 2,946,301 (2022 est.)
Growth rate| -0.22% (2022 est.)
Birth rate| 8.41 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate| 10.26 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Life expectancy| 77.98 years
• male| 75.02 years
• female| 81.15 years
Fertility rate| 1.36 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Infant mortality rate| 5.21 deaths/1,000 live births
Net migration rate| -0.38 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Age structure
0–14 years| 13.18%
65 and over| 16.22%
Sex ratio
Total| 0.95 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
At birth| 1.07 male(s)/female
Under 15| 1.07 male(s)/female
65 and over| 0.42 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality| Bosnian
Major ethnic| Bosniak (50.1%)
Minor ethnic| Serb (30.7%) ,Croat (15.4%)
Language
Official| Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian
Spoken| Bosnian, Serbian, Croatian

Demographic features of the population of Bosnia and Herzegovina include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

Population density in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipality, early data from the 2013 census

## Vital statistics

[edit]

[1] Source: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina[2]

Year  | Mid-year population  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural change  | Crude birth rate (per 1000)  | Crude death rate (per 1000)  | Natural change (per 1000)  | Total fertility rate  | Female fertile population (15–49 years)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1947  | 2,532,000  | 84,600  | 38,900  |  45,700  | 33.4  | 15.4  | 18.0  |  |
1948  | 2,581,987  | 90,700  | 41,600  |  49,100  | 35.1  | 16.1  | 19.0  |  | 647,112
1949  | 2,641,990  | 98,200  | 42,200  |  56,000  | 37.2  | 16.0  | 21.2  |  | 669,152
1950  | 2,662,010  | 102,680  | 35,991  | 66,689  | 38.6  | 13.5  | 25.1  | 5.17  | 691,192
1951  | 2,721,009  | 92,330  | 46,358  |  45,972  | 33.9  | 17.0  | 16.9  | 4.51  | 713,232
1952  | 2,790,991  | 112,216  | 34,817  | 77,399  | 40.2  | 12.5  | 27.7  | 5.33  | 735,272
1953  | 2,863,124  | 110,373  | 41,199  |  69,174  | 38.5  | 14.4  | 24.2  | 4.84  | 757,312
1954  | 2,916,007  | 115,854  | 35,158  | 80,696  | 39.7  | 12.1  | 27.7  | 4.93  | 765,462
1955  | 2,973,986  | 110,866  | 40,513  |  70,353  | 37.3  | 13.6  | 23.7  | 4.59  | 773,612
1956  | 3,025,000  | 111,561  | 38,320  |  73,241  | 36.9  | 12.7  | 24.2  | 4.48  | 781,761
1957  | 3,076,006  | 102,649  | 36,830  |  65,819  | 33.4  | 12.0  | 21.4  | 4.02  | 789,911
1958  | 3,126,012  | 110,332  | 30,123  |  80,209  | 35.3  | 9.6  | 25.7  | 4.22  | 798,061
1959  | 3,185,005  | 108,123  | 32,507  |  75,616  | 33.9  | 10.2  | 23.7  | 4.06  | 806,211
1960  | 3,240,010  | 110,499  | 33,360  | 77,139  | 34.1  | 10.3  | 23.8  | 4.06  | 814,360
1961  | 3,291,684  | 108,076  | 29,413  | 78,663  | 32.8  | 8.9  | 23.9  | 3.91  | 822,510
1962  | 3,338,505  | 106,826  | 31,087  | 75,739  | 32.0  | 9.3  | 22.7  | 3.86  | 838,877
1963  | 3,385,326  | 104,240  | 29,161  | 75,079  | 30.8  | 8.6  | 22.2  | 3.75  | 855,245
1964  | 3,432,147  | 101,147  | 29,846  | 71,301  | 29.5  | 8.7  | 20.8  | 3.62  | 871,612
1965  | 3,478,968  | 101,351  | 27,814  | 73,537  | 29.1  | 8.0  | 21.1  | 3.61  | 887,979
1966  | 3,525,789  | 97,689  | 25,138  | 72,551  | 27.7  | 7.1  | 20.6  | 3.46  | 904,347
1967  | 3,572,609  | 92,972  | 26,195  |  66,777  | 26.0  | 7.3  | 18.7  | 3.28  | 920,714
1968  | 3,619,430  | 89,134  | 26,031  |  63,103  | 24.6  | 7.2  | 17.4  | 3.14  | 937,081
1969  | 3,666,251  | 87,687  | 27,805  |  59,882  | 23.9  | 7.6  | 16.3  | 3.05  | 953,448
1970  | 3,713,072  | 79,296  | 26,355  |  52,941  | 21.4  | 7.1  | 14.3  | 2.74  | 969,816
1971  | 3,759,893  | 82,694  | 24,915  | 57,779  | 22.0  | 6.6  | 15.4  | 2.83  | 986,183
1972  | 3,797,523  | 82,068  | 26,844  | 55,224  | 21.6  | 7.1  | 14.5  | 2.76  | 998,220
1973  | 3,835,154  | 77,896  | 24,672  |  53,224  | 20.3  | 6.4  | 13.9  | 2.57  | 1,010,257
1974  | 3,872,784  | 77,833  | 23,661  | 54,172  | 20.1  | 6.1  | 14.0  | 2.52  | 1,022,293
1975  | 3,910,414  | 78,844  | 25,571  |  53,273  | 20.2  | 6.5  | 13.6  | 2.51  | 1,034,330
1976  | 3,948,045  | 79,061  | 25,178  |  53,883  | 20.0  | 6.4  | 13.6  | 2.47  | 1,046,367
1977  | 3,985,675  | 75,669  | 24,821  |  50,848  | 19.0  | 6.2  | 12.8  | 2.32  | 1,058,404
1978  | 4,023,305  | 73,306  | 26,016  |  47,290  | 18.2  | 6.5  | 11.8  | 2.21  | 1,070,441
1979  | 4,060,935  | 71,120  | 25,370  |  45,750  | 17.5  | 6.2  | 11.3  | 2.10  | 1,082,477
1980  | 4,098,566  | 70,928  | 26,115  |  44,813  | 17.3  | 6.4  | 10.9  | 2.06  | 1,094,514
1981  | 4,136,196  | 71,031  | 26,222  |  44,809  | 17.2  | 6.3  | 10.8  | 2.03  | 1,106,551
1982  | 4,160,280  | 73,375  | 26,775  |  46,600  | 17.6  | 6.4  | 11.2  | 2.09  | 1,105,958
1983  | 4,184,363  | 74,296  | 29,999  | 44,297  | 17.8  | 7.2  | 10.6  | 2.12  | 1,105,366
1984  | 4,208,447  | 74,539  | 29,046  | 45,493  | 17.7  | 6.9  | 10.8  | 2.13  | 1,104,773
1985  | 4,232,531  | 72,722  | 28,966  |  43,756  | 17.2  | 6.8  | 10.3  | 2.08  | 1,104,181
1986  | 4,256,615  | 71,203  | 29,127  |  42,076  | 16.7  | 6.8  | 9.9  | 2.04  | 1,103,588
1987  | 4,280,698  | 70,898  | 29,382  |  41,516  | 16.6  | 6.9  | 9.7  | 2.03  | 1,102,995
1988  | 4,304,782  | 70,711  | 29,555  | 41,156  | 16.4  | 6.9  | 9.6  | 2.03  | 1,102,403
1989  | 4,328,866  | 66,809  | 30,383  |  36,426  | 15.4  | 7.0  | 8.4  | 1.92  | 1,101,810
1990  | 4,352,949  | 66,952  | 29,093  |  37,859  | 15.4  | 6.7  | 8.7  | 1.93  | 1,101,218
1991  | 4,377,033  | 64,769  | 30,680  |  34,089  | 14.8  | 7.0  | 7.8  | 1.87  | 1,100,625
1992*  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1993*  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1994*  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1995*  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1996  | 3,368,597  | 46,594  | 25,152  | 21,442  | 13.8  | 7.5  | 6.4  | 1.88  | 862,840
1997  | 3,398,264  | 48,061  | 27,875  | 20,186  | 14.1  | 8.2  | 5.9  | 1.95  | 866,251
1998  | 3,423,921  | 45,007  | 28,679  | 16,328  | 13.1  | 8.4  | 4.8  | 1.83  | 870,474
1999  | 3,445,172  | 42,464  | 28,637  | 13,827  | 12.3  | 8.3  | 4.0  | 1.73  | 874,188
2000  | 3,462,336  | 39,563  | 30,482  | 9,081  | 11.4  | 8.8  | 2.6  | 1.61  | 876,695
2001  | 3,478,679  | 37,717  | 30,325  | 7,392  | 10.8  | 8.7  | 2.1  | 1.54  | 879,484
2002  | 3,493,146  | 36,485  | 30,831  | 5,654  | 10.4  | 8.8  | 1.6  | 1.49  | 881,166
2003  | 3,498,291  | 34,691  | 32,018  | 2,673  | 9.9  | 9.2  | 0.8  | 1.42  | 879,547
2004  | 3,501,467  | 33,862  | 32,223  | 1,639  | 9.7  | 9.2  | 0.5  | 1.38  | 877,903
2005  | 3,503,634  | 33,233  | 33,925  | -692  | 9.5  | 9.7  | -0.2  | 1.36  | 875,167
2006  | 3,500,212  | 33,038  | 32,652  | 386  | 9.4  | 9.3  | 0.1  | 1.36  | 871,089
2007  | 3,498,023  | 32,801  | 34,392  | -1,591  | 9.4  | 9.8  | -0.5  | 1.35  | 867,212
2008  | 3,493,737  | 34,023  | 33,871  | 152  | 9.7  | 9.7  | 0.0  | 1.41  | 859,217
2009  | 3,491,327  | 34,449  | 34,709  | -260  | 9.9  | 9.9  | -0.1  | 1.43  | 851,596
2010  | 3,488,441  | 33,445  | 34,905  | -1,460  | 9.6  | 10.0  | -0.4  | 1.40  | 847,365
2011  | 3,484,154  | 31,694  | 34,820  | -3,126  | 9.1  | 10.0  | -0.9  | 1.33  | 843,765
2012  | 3,479,339  | 32,414  | 35,578  | -3,164  | 9.3  | 10.2  | -0.9  | 1.36  | 839,698
2013  | 3,473,826  | 30,551  | 35,379  | -4,828  | 8.8  | 10.2  | -1.4  | 1.30  | 832,872
2014  | 3,466,507  | 30,134  | 35,692  | -5,558  | 8.7  | 10.3  | -1.6  | 1.29  | 825,060
2015  | 3,456,500  | 29,647  | 37,876  | -8,229  | 8.6  | 11.0  | -2.4  | 1.28  | 815,928
2016  | 3,447,001  | 29,985  | 36,065  | -6,080  | 8.7  | 10.5  | -1.8  | 1.30  | 806,794
2017  | 3,437,453  | 30,061  | 37,453  | -7,392  | 8.7  | 10.9  | -2.2  | 1.31  | 797,851
2018  | 3,427,369  | 29,328  | 37,237  | -7,909  | 8.6  | 10.9  | -2.3  | 1.29  | 789,269
2019  | 3,415,752  | 28,192  | 38,237  | -10,045  | 8.3  | 11.2  | -2.9  | 1.26  | 781,299
2020  | 3,403,638  | 27,156  | 43,808  | -16,652  | 8.0  | 12.9  | -4.9  | 1.23  | 772,876
2021  | 3,378,821  | 26,993  | 49,682  | -22,689  | 8.0  | 14.7  | -6.7  | 1.24  | 763,709
2022  | 3,358,496  | 26,516  | 40,692  | -14,176  | 7.9  | 12.1  | -4.2  | 1.23  | 755,419
2023  | 3,345,818  | 26,294  | 34,983  | -8,689  | 7.9  | 10.5  | -2.6  | 1.23  | 748,332

*No data for the period 1992–1995

#### Current vital statistics

[edit]

[3]

Period  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural increase

|
|
|

January - June 2023 | 11,451  | 17,613  | -6,162
January - June 2024 | 11,142  | 17,319  | -6,177
Difference |  -309 (-2.70%)  |  -294 (-1.67%)  |  -15

### Structure of the population

[edit]

Population by Sex and Age Group (Census 30.IX.2013):[4]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | %

|
|
|
|

Total  | 1 732 270  | 1 798 889  | 3 531 159  | 100
0–4  | 89 442  | 84 622  | 174 064  | 4.93
5–9  | 90 881  | 86 099  | 176 980  | 5.01
10–14  | 98 653  | 94 022  | 192 675  | 5.46
15–19  | 124 900  | 117 842  | 242 742  | 6.87
20–24  | 116 883  | 111 173  | 228 056  | 6.46
25–29  | 129 248  | 123 070  | 252 318  | 7.15
30–34  | 128 593  | 124 040  | 252 633  | 7.15
35–39  | 126 145  | 123 121  | 249 266  | 7.06
40–44  | 121 595  | 119 543  | 241 138  | 6.83
45–49  | 130 087  | 130 841  | 260 928  | 7.39
50–54  | 136 153  | 140 422  | 276 575  | 7.83
55–59  | 125 576  | 132 961  | 258 537  | 7.32
60–64  | 104 970  | 118 281  | 223 251  | 6.32
65–69  | 69 066  | 84 503  | 153 569  | 4.35
70–74  | 59 854  | 80 601  | 140 455  | 3.98
75–79  | 47 403  | 69 864  | 117 267  | 3.32
80–84  | 23 769  | 38 867  | 62 636  | 1.77
85+  | 9 052  | 19 017  | 28 069  | 0.79
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 278 976  | 264 743  | 543 719  | 15.40
15–64  | 1 244 150  | 1 241 294  | 2 485 444  | 70.39
65+  | 209 144  | 292 852  | 501 996  | 14.22

### Vital statistics by entity

[edit]

#### Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit]

[5][6]

Source: Institute for Statistics of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina[7]

| Mid-year population  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural change  | Crude birth rate (per 1,000)  | Crude death rate (per 1,000)  | Natural change (per 1,000)  | Total fertility rate  | Female fertile population (15–49 years)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1991  | 2,720,074  | 42,426  | 18,332  | 24,094  | 15.6  | 6.7  | 8.9  | 1.92  | 696,784
1992  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1993  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1994  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1995  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1996  | 2,141,341  | 34,331  | 14,221  | 20,110  | 16.0  | 6.6  | 9.4  | 2.05  | 579,263
1997  | 2,161,442  | 34,304  | 16,120  | 18,184  | 15.9  | 7.5  | 8.4  | 2.06  | 581,215
1998  | 2,176,885  | 31,480  | 16,210  | 15,270  | 14.5  | 7.4  | 7.0  | 1.90  | 583,979
1999  | 2,189,576  | 27,964  | 16,108  | 11,856  | 12.8  | 7.4  | 5.4  | 1.70  | 586,234
2000  | 2,199,128  | 25,372  | 17,112  | 8,260  | 11.5  | 7.8  | 3.8  | 1.54  | 587,282
2001  | 2,208,263  | 24,018  | 16,891  | 7,127  | 10.9  | 7.6  | 3.2  | 1.47  | 588,612
2002  | 2,215,548  | 23,251  | 17,175  | 6,076  | 10.5  | 7.8  | 2.7  | 1.43  | 588,834
2003  | 2,222,079  | 23,168  | 18,259  | 4,909  | 10.4  | 8.2  | 2.2  | 1.42  | 588,042
2004  | 2,227,181  | 22,250  | 18,350  | 3,900  | 10.0  | 8.2  | 1.8  | 1.36  | 587,226
2005  | 2,231,764  | 21,934  | 19,293  | 2,641  | 9.8  | 8.6  | 1.2  | 1.35  | 585,319
2006[8][9] | 2,230,967  | 21,602  | 18,678  | 2,924  | 9.7  | 8.4  | 1.3  | 1.33  | 582,071
2007  | 2,231,548  | 21,715  | 19,428  | 2,287  | 9.7  | 8.7  | 1.0  | 1.35  | 579,026
2008  | 2,229,787  | 22,920  | 19,480  | 3,440  | 10.3  | 8.7  | 1.5  | 1.43  | 571,863
2009  | 2,229,072  | 22,913  | 20,022  | 2,891  | 10.3  | 9.0  | 1.3  | 1.44  | 565,074
2010  | 2,228,027  | 22,382  | 20,482  | 1,900  | 10.0  | 9.2  | 0.9  | 1.41  | 561,677
2011  | 2,226,011  | 21,228  | 20,208  | 1,020  | 9.5  | 9.1  | 0.5  | 1.34  | 558,911
2012  | 2,222,587  | 21,472  | 20,859  | 613  | 9.7  | 9.4  | 0.3  | 1.36  | 555,678
2013  | 2,219,131  | 20,145  | 20,465  | -320  | 9.1  | 9.2  | -0.1  | 1.29  | 551,251
2014  | 2,215,997  | 19,880  | 20,283  | -403  | 9.0  | 9.2  | -0.2  | 1.29  | 546,324
2015  | 2,210,994  | 19,358  | 21,703  | -2,345  | 8.8  | 9.8  | -1.1  | 1.26  | 540,354
2016  | 2,206,231  | 19,655  | 21,105  | -1,450  | 8.9  | 9.6  | -0.7  | 1.28  | 534,268
2017[10] | 2,201,193  | 19,824  | 21,689  | -1,865  | 9.0  | 9.9  | -0.8  | 1.29  | 528,096
2018[11] | 2,196,233  | 18,899  | 21,442  | -2,543  | 8.6  | 9.8  | -1.2  | 1.25  | 522,242
2019[12] | 2,190,098  | 18,019  | 22,024  | -4,005  | 8.2  | 10.1  | -1.8  | 1.21  | 516,595
2020[13] | 2,184,680  | 17,211  | 26,026  | -8,815  | 7.9  | 11.9  | -4.0  | 1.16  | 512,053
2021[14] | 2,168,602  | 16,873  | 29,086  | -12,213  | 7.8  | 13.4  | -5.6  | 1.15  | 506,760
2022  | 2,156,846  | 16,538  | 23,187  | -6,649  | 7.7  | 10.8  | -3.1  | 1.14  | 501,018
2023  | 2,150,054  | 16,174  | 20,361  | -4,187  | 7.5  | 9.5  | -1.9  | 1.13  | 496,545

##### Current vital statistics

[edit]

[15]

Period  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural increase

|
|
|

January - September 2023 | 11,418  | 14,763  | -3,345
January - September 2024 | 11,228  | 14,739  | -3,511
Difference |  -190 (-1.66%)  |  -24 (-0.16%)  |  -166

#### Republika Srpska

[edit]

[16][17]

Source: Republika Srpska Institute of Statistics[18]

| Mid-year population  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural change  | Crude birth rate (per 1000)  | Crude death rate (per 1000)  | Natural change (per 1000)  | Total fertility rate  | Female fertile population (15–49 years)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1991  | 1,569,332  | 21,149  | 11,735  | 9,414  | 13.5  | 7.5  | 6.0  | 1.79  | 381,699
1992  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1993  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1994  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1995  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1996  | 1,193,656  | 11,939  | 10,676  | 1,263  | 10.0  | 8.9  | 1.1  | 1.54  | 274,878
1997  | 1,194,919  | 13,374  | 11,464  | 1,910  | 11.2  | 9.6  | 1.6  | 1.73  | 274,188
1998  | 1,196,829  | 13,046  | 12,123  | 923  | 10.9  | 10.1  | 0.8  | 1.69  | 273,497
1999  | 1,197,086  | 13,995  | 12,152  | 1,843  | 11.7  | 10.2  | 1.5  | 1.83  | 272,806
2000  | 1,196,395  | 13,643  | 12,960  | 683  | 11.4  | 10.8  | 0.6  | 1.78  | 272,116
2001  | 1,195,299  | 13,047  | 12,932  | 115  | 10.9  | 10.8  | 0.1  | 1.72  | 271,425
2002  | 1,194,178  | 12,336  | 12,980  | -644  | 10.3  | 10.9  | -0.5  | 1.62  | 270,735
2003  | 1,192,622  | 10,537  | 12,988  | -2,451  | 8.8  | 10.9  | -2.1  | 1.40  | 270,044
2004  | 1,190,526  | 10,628  | 13,082  | -2,454  | 8.9  | 11.0  | -2.1  | 1.41  | 269,354
2005  | 1,187,940  | 10,322  | 13,802  | -3,480  | 8.7  | 11.6  | -2.9  | 1.37  | 268,663
2006  | 1,185,145  | 10,524  | 13,232  | -2,708  | 8.9  | 11.2  | -2.3  | 1.40  | 267,972
2007  | 1,182,217  | 10,110  | 14,146  | -4,036  | 8.6  | 12.0  | -3.4  | 1.34  | 267,282
2008  | 1,179,717  | 10,198  | 13,501  | -3,303  | 8.6  | 11.4  | -2.8  | 1.36  | 266,591
2009[19] | 1,177,995  | 10,603  | 13,775  | -3,172  | 9.0  | 11.7  | -2.7  | 1.41  | 265,901
2010  | 1,176,419  | 10,147  | 13,517  | -3,370  | 8.6  | 11.5  | -2.9  | 1.35  | 265,210
2011  | 1,174,420  | 9,561  | 13,658  | -4,097  | 8.1  | 11.6  | -3.5  | 1.28  | 264,520
2012  | 1,173,131  | 9,978  | 13,796  | -3,818  | 8.5  | 11.8  | -3.3  | 1.34  | 263,829
2013  | 1,171,179  | 9,510  | 13,978  | -4,468  | 8.1  | 11.9  | -3.8  | 1.29  | 261,574
2014  | 1,167,082  | 9,335  | 14,409  | -5,074  | 8.0  | 12.3  | -4.3  | 1.28  | 258,833
2015  | 1,162,164  | 9,357  | 15,059  | -5,702  | 8.1  | 13.0  | -4.9  | 1.29  | 255,815
2016  | 1,157,516  | 9,452  | 13,970  | -4,518  | 8.2  | 12.1  | -3.9  | 1.32  | 252,911
2017  | 1,153,017  | 9,339  | 14,663  | -5,324  | 8.1  | 12.7  | -4.6  | 1.31  | 250,241
2018[20][21] | 1,147,902  | 9,568  | 14,763  | -5,195  | 8.3  | 12.9  | -4.5  | 1.37  | 247,599
2019[22][23] | 1,142,495  | 9,274  | 15,081  | -5,807  | 8.1  | 13.2  | -5.1  | 1.34  | 245,368
2020[24] | 1,136,274  | 9,161  | 16,582  | -7,421  | 8.1  | 14.6  | -6.5  | 1.36  | 241,626
2021[25] | 1,128,309  | 9,274  | 19,002  | -9,728  | 8.2  | 16.8  | -8.6  | 1.41  | 237,927
2022  | 1,120,236  | 9,118  | 16,263  | -7,145  | 8.1  | 14.5  | -6.4  | 1.40  | 235,589
2023  | 1,114,819  | 9,309  | 13,508  | -4,199  | 8.4  | 12.1  | -3.8  | 1.45  | 233,233

##### Current vital statistics

[edit]

[26]

Period  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural increase

|
|
|

January - September 2023 | 6,330  | 10,229  | -3,899
January - September 2024 | 6,191  | 10,736  | -4,545
Difference |  -139 (-2.20%)  |  +507 (+4.96%)  |  -646

#### Brčko District

[edit]

Source: Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Statistics of the Brčko District BiH[27]

| Mid-year population  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural change  | Crude birth rate (per 1000)  | Crude death rate (per 1000)  | Natural change (per 1000)  | Total fertility rate  | Female fertile population (15–49 years)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1991  | 87,627  | 1,194  | 613  | 581  | 13.6  | 7.0  | 6.6  | 1.69  | 22,142
1992  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1993  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1994  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1995  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
1996  | 33,600  | 324  | 255  | 69  | 9.6  | 7.6  | 2.1  | 1.38  | 8,699
1997  | 41,903  | 383  | 291  | 92  | 9.1  | 6.9  | 2.2  | 1.31  | 10,848
1998  | 50,207  | 481  | 346  | 135  | 9.6  | 6.9  | 2.7  | 1.38  | 12,998
1999  | 58,510  | 505  | 377  | 128  | 8.6  | 6.4  | 2.2  | 1.24  | 15,148
2000  | 66,813  | 548  | 410  | 138  | 8.2  | 6.1  | 2.1  | 1.17  | 17,297
2001  | 75,117  | 652  | 502  | 150  | 8.7  | 6.7  | 2.0  | 1.25  | 19,447
2002  | 83,420  | 898  | 676  | 222  | 10.8  | 8.1  | 2.7  | 1.58  | 21,597
2003[28] | 83,590  | 986  | 771  | 215  | 11.8  | 9.2  | 2.6  | 1.72  | 21,461
2004  | 83,760  | 984  | 791  | 193  | 11.7  | 9.4  | 2.3  | 1.73  | 21,323
2005  | 83,930  | 977  | 830  | 147  | 11.6  | 9.9  | 1.8  | 1.70  | 21,185
2006  | 84,100  | 912  | 742  | 170  | 10.8  | 8.8  | 2.0  | 1.59  | 21,045
2007  | 84,258  | 976  | 818  | 158  | 11.6  | 9.7  | 1.9  | 1.71  | 20,905
2008[29] | 84,233  | 905  | 890  | 15  | 10.7  | 10.6  | 0.2  | 1.58  | 20,763
2009  | 84,260  | 933  | 912  | 21  | 11.1  | 10.8  | 0.2  | 1.63  | 20,621
2010  | 83,995  | 916  | 906  | 10  | 10.9  | 10.8  | 0.1  | 1.61  | 20,478
2011  | 83,723  | 905  | 954  | -49  | 10.8  | 11.4  | -0.6  | 1.61  | 20,335
2012[30] | 83,621  | 964  | 923  | 41  | 11.5  | 11.0  | 0.5  | 1.71  | 20,191
2013  | 83,516  | 896  | 936  | -40  | 10.7  | 11.2  | -0.5  | 1.60  | 20,047
2014  | 83,428  | 919  | 1,000  | -81  | 11.0  | 12.0  | -1.0  | 1.65  | 19,903
2015  | 83,342  | 932  | 1,114  | -182  | 11.2  | 13.4  | -2.2  | 1.69  | 19,759
2016  | 83,254  | 878  | 990  | -112  | 10.5  | 11.9  | -1.3  | 1.59  | 19,615
2017[31] | 83,243  | 898  | 1,101  | -203  | 10.8  | 13.2  | -2.4  | 1.63  | 19,514
2018[32] | 83,234  | 861  | 1,032  | -171  | 10.3  | 12.4  | -2.1  | 1.58  | 19,428
2019[33] | 83,159  | 899  | 1,132  | -233  | 10.8  | 13.6  | -2.8  | 1.66  | 19,336
2020[34] | 82,684  | 784  | 1,200  | -416  | 9.5  | 14.5  | -5.0  | 1.47  | 19,197
2021[35] | 81,910  | 846  | 1,594  | -748  | 10.3  | 19.5  | -9.1  | 1.58  | 19,022
2022  | 81,414  | 860  | 1,242  | -382  | 10.6  | 15.3  | -4.7  | 1.63  | 18,812
2023  | 80,945  | 811  | 1,114  | -303  | 10.0  | 13.8  | -3.7  | 1.56  | 18,554

##### Current vital statistics

[edit]

[36]

Period  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural increase

|
|
|

January - June 2023 | 375  | 553  | -178
January - June 2024 | 379  | 620  | -241
Difference |  +4 (+1.07%)  |  +67 (+10.81%)  |  -63

### Marriages and divorces

[edit]

| Mid-year  | Marriages  | Divorces  | Crude marriage rate (per 1,000)  | Crude divorce rate (per 1,000)  | Divorces per 1,000 marriages

|
|
|
|
|
|

1950 | 2,662,010  | 30,242 | 2,447 | 11.4  | 0.9  | 80.9
1951 | 2,721,009  | 30,638 | 1,883 | 11.3  | 0.7  | 61.5
1952 | 2,790,991  | 33,040 | 1,313 | 11.8  | 0.5  | 39.7
1953 | 2,863,124  | 31,069 | 1,931 | 10.9  | 0.7  | 62.2
1954 | 2,916,007  | 31,658 | 2,023 | 10.9  | 0.7  | 63.9
1955 | 2,973,986  | 29,179 | 2,331 | 9.8  | 0.8  | 79.9
1956 | 3,025,000  | 27,361 | 2,596 | 9.0  | 0.9  | 94.9
1957 | 3,076,006  | 27,928 | 2,662 | 9.1  | 0.9  | 95.3
1958 | 3,126,012  | 33,901 | 3,249 | 10.8  | 1.0  | 95.8
1959 | 3,185,005  | 31,926 | 2,788 | 10.0  | 0.9  | 87.3
1960 | 3,240,010  | 32,855 | 3,320 | 10.1  | 1.0  | 101.1
1961 | 3,291,684  | 31,842 | 3,126 | 9.7  | 0.9  | 98.2
1962 | 3,368,774  | 30,620 | 3,150 | 9.1  | 0.9  | 102.9
1963 | 3,444,107  | 29,749 | 3,002 | 8.6  | 0.9  | 100.9
1964 | 3,517,207  | 31,424 | 3,267 | 8.9  | 0.9  | 104.0
1965 | 3,589,486  | 33,214 | 2,693 | 9.3  | 0.8  | 81.1
1966 | 3,667,002  | 31,842 | 3,554 | 8.7  | 1.0  | 111.6
1967 | 3,735,394  | 31,116 | 3,181 | 8.3  | 0.9  | 102.2
1968 | 3,750,866  | 30,814 | 2,865 | 8.2  | 0.8  | 93.0
1969 | 3,710,120  | 31,868 | 2,960 | 8.6  | 0.8  | 92.9
1970 | 3,708,455  | 34,411 | 3,074 | 9.3  | 0.8  | 89.3
1971 | 3,759,893  | 35,290 | 3,114 | 9.4  | 0.8  | 88.2
1972 | 3,818,703  | 34,660 | 3,201 | 9.1  | 0.8  | 92.4
1973 | 3,871,815  | 33,991 | 3,429 | 8.8  | 0.9  | 100.9
1974 | 3,924,760  | 34,917 | 3,579 | 8.9  | 0.9  | 102.5
1975 | 3,976,913  | 35,776 | 4,512 | 9.0  | 1.1  | 126.1
1976 | 4,033,031  | 33,849 | 3,696 | 8.4  | 0.9  | 109.2
1977 | 4,085,918  | 34,951 | 3,023 | 8.6  | 0.7  | 86.5
1978 | 4,134,878  | 34,970 | 3,423 | 8.5  | 0.8  | 97.9
1979 | 4,147,344  | 35,111 | 3,055 | 8.5  | 0.7  | 87.0
1980 | 4,125,486  | 35,012 | 2,610 | 8.5  | 0.6  | 74.5
1981 | 4,136,196  | 36,631 | 3,419 | 8.9  | 0.8  | 93.3
1982 | 4,154,000  | 36,422 | 3,075 | 8.8  | 0.7  | 84.4
1983 | 4,178,000  | 37,239 | 3,149 | 8.9  | 0.8  | 84.6
1984 | 4,203,000  | 35,767 | 2,599 | 8.5  | 0.6  | 72.7
1985 | 4,227,000  | 35,015 | 2,926 | 8.3  | 0.7  | 83.6
1986 | 4,251,000  | 34,338 | 2,228 | 8.1  | 0.5  | 64.9
1987 | 4,275,000  | 34,466 | 2,118 | 8.1  | 0.5  | 61.5
1988 | 4,299,000  | 34,700 | 2,089 | 8.1  | 0.5  | 60.2
1989 | 4,323,000  | 34,550 | 2,098 | 8.0  | 0.5  | 60.7
1990 | 4,347,000  | 29,990 | 1,756 | 6.9  | 0.4  | 58.6
1991 | 4,377,033  | 28,238 | 1,590 | 6.5  | 0.4  | 56.3
1992* |  |  |  |  |  |
1993* |  |  |  |  |  |
1994* |  |  |  |  |  |
1995* |  |  |  |  |  |
1996 | 3,530,799  | 21,107 | 1,115 | 6.0  | 0.3  | 52.8
1997 | 3,529,909  | 23,181 | 1,835 | 6.6  | 0.5  | 79.2
1998 | 3,529,573  | 22,398 | 1,964 | 6.3  | 0.6  | 87.7
1999 | 3,527,549  | 22,472 | 1,995 | 6.4  | 0.6  | 88.8
2000 | 3,524,627  | 21,897 | 1,929 | 6.2  | 0.5  | 88.1
2001 | 3,521,310  | 20,302 | 2,126 | 5.8  | 0.6  | 104.7
2002 | 3,517,955  | 20,766 | 2,330 | 5.9  | 0.7  | 112.2
2003 | 3,514,019  | 20,526 | 1,998 | 5.8  | 0.6  | 97.3
2004 | 3,509,542  | 21,620 | 1,524 | 6.2  | 0.4  | 70.5
2005 | 3,505,037  | 21,099 | 1,719 | 6.0  | 0.5  | 81.5
2006 | 3,501,621  | 20,545 | 1,548 | 5.9  | 0.4  | 75.3
2007 | 3,498,023  | 22,613 | 1,721 | 6.5  | 0.5  | 76.1
2008 | 3,493,737  | 21,990 | 1,337 | 6.3  | 0.4  | 60.8
2009 | 3,491,327  | 20,471 | 1,399 | 5.9  | 0.4  | 68.3
2010 | 3,488,441  | 19,373 | 1,665 | 5.6  | 0.5  | 85.9
2011 | 3,484,154  | 19,004 | 2,306 | 5.5  | 0.7  | 121.3
2012 | 3,479,234  | 18,089 | 2,290 | 5.2  | 0.7  | 126.6
2013 | 3,473,720  | 17,470 | 2,607 | 5.0  | 0.8  | 149.2
2014 | 3,466,388  | 18,468 | 2,678 | 5.3  | 0.8  | 145.0
2015 | 3,456,394  | 19,537 | 2,956 | 5.7  | 0.9  | 151.3
2016 | 3,447,001  | 19,006 | 2,759 | 5.5  | 0.8  | 145.2
2017 | 3,437,453  | 19,666 | 3,005 | 5.7  | 0.9  | 152.8
2018  | 3,427,369  | 19,659 | 3,084 | 5.7  | 0.9  | 156.9
2019 | 3,415,752 | 18,687 | 2,775 | 5.5 | 0.8 | 148.5

#### Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit]

| Mid-year  | Marriages  | Divorces  | Crude marriage rate (per 1,000)  | Crude divorce rate (per 1,000)  | Divorces per 1,000 marriages

|
|
|
|
|
|

1991 | 2,720,074  | 18,352 | 813 | 6.7  | 0.3  | 44.3
1992 |  |  |  |  |  |
1993 |  |  |  |  |  |
1994 |  |  |  |  |  |
1995 |  |  |  |  |  |
1996 | 2,283,335  | 14,692 | 378 | 6.4  | 0.2  | 25.7
1997 | 2,281,226  | 16,061 | 1,098 | 7.0  | 0.5  | 68.4
1998 | 2,279,083  | 14,921 | 1,163 | 6.5  | 0.5  | 77.9
1999 | 2,276,927  | 14,285 | 1,201 | 6.3  | 0.5  | 84.1
2000 | 2,274,789  | 13,894 | 1,180 | 6.1  | 0.5  | 84.9
2001 | 2,272,655  | 12,758 | 1,286 | 5.6  | 0.6  | 100.8
2002 | 2,239,417  | 12,889 | 1,424 | 5.8  | 0.6  | 110.5
2003 | 2,237,334  | 13,102 | 1,174 | 5.9  | 0.5  | 89.6
2004 | 2,235,250  | 13,695 | 857 | 6.1  | 0.4  | 62.6
2005 | 2,233,167  | 13,620 | 966 | 6.1  | 0.4  | 70.9
2006 | 2,232,376  | 13,012 | 933 | 5.8  | 0.4  | 71.7
2007 | 2,231,548  | 14,808 | 1,031 | 6.6  | 0.5  | 69.6
2008 | 2,229,787  | 14,909 | 938 | 6.7  | 0.4  | 62.9
2009 | 2,229,072  | 13,670 | 805 | 6.1  | 0.4  | 58.9
2010 | 2,228,027  | 12,988 | 994 | 5.8  | 0.4  | 76.5
2011 | 2,226,011  | 12,589 | 1,221 | 5.7  | 0.5  | 97.0
2012 | 2,222,587  | 12,060 | 1,176 | 5.4  | 0.5  | 97.5
2013 | 2,219,131  | 11,381 | 1,364 | 5.1  | 0.6  | 119.8
2014 | 2,215,997  | 11,982 | 1,321 | 5.4  | 0.6  | 110.2
2015 | 2,210,994  | 12,972 | 1,502 | 5.9  | 0.7  | 115.8
2016 | 2,206,231  | 12,790 | 1,445 | 5.8  | 0.7  | 113.0
2017 | 2,201,193  | 12,994 | 1,725 | 5.9  | 0.8  | 132.8
2018  | 2,196,233  | 13,061 | 1,823 | 5.9  | 0.8  | 139.6
2019 | 2,190,098 | 12,266 | 1,673 | 5.6 | 0.8 | 136.4

#### Republika Srpska

[edit]

| Mid-year  | Marriages  | Divorces  | Crude marriage rate (per 1,000)  | Crude divorce rate (per 1,000)  | Divorces per 1,000 marriages

|
|
|
|
|
|

1991 | 1,569,332  | 9,232 | 621 | 5.9  | 0.4  | 67.3
1992 |  |  |  |  |  |
1993 |  |  |  |  |  |
1994 |  |  |  |  |  |
1995 |  |  |  |  |  |
1996 | 1,247,464  | 6,415 | 737 | 5.1  | 0.6  | 114.9
1997 | 1,248,683  | 7,120 | 737 | 5.7  | 0.6  | 103.5
1998 | 1,250,490  | 7,477 | 801 | 6.0  | 0.6  | 107.1
1999 | 1,250,622  | 8,187 | 794 | 6.5  | 0.6  | 97.0
2000 | 1,249,838  | 8,003 | 749 | 6.4  | 0.6  | 93.6
2001 | 1,248,655  | 7,544 | 840 | 6.0  | 0.7  | 111.3
2002 | 1,194,178  | 7,233 | 848 | 6.1  | 0.7  | 117.2
2003 | 1,192,622  | 6,769 | 744 | 5.7  | 0.6  | 109.9
2004 | 1,190,526  | 7,143 | 637 | 6.0  | 0.5  | 89.2
2005 | 1,187,940  | 6,810 | 721 | 5.7  | 0.6  | 105.9
2006 | 1,185,145  | 6,860 | 526 | 5.8  | 0.4  | 76.7
2007 | 1,182,217  | 7,093 | 596 | 6.0  | 0.5  | 84.0
2008 | 1,179,717  | 6,401 | 317 | 5.4  | 0.3  | 49.5
2009 | 1,177,995  | 6,131 | 455 | 5.2  | 0.4  | 74.2
2010 | 1,176,419  | 5,767 | 517 | 4.9  | 0.4  | 89.6
2011 | 1,174,420  | 5,802 | 886 | 4.9  | 0.8  | 152.7
2012 | 1,173,131  | 5,326 | 878 | 4.5  | 0.7  | 164.9
2013 | 1,171,179  | 5,467 | 1,052 | 4.7  | 0.9  | 192.4
2014 | 1,167,082  | 5,823 | 1,106 | 5.0  | 0.9  | 189.9
2015 | 1,162,164  | 5,895 | 1,143 | 5.1  | 1.0  | 193.9
2016 | 1,157,516  | 5,563 | 1,025 | 4.8  | 0.9  | 184.3
2017 | 1,153,017  | 5,954 | 985 | 5.2  | 0.9  | 165.4
2018  | 1,147,902  | 5,966 | 963 | 5.2  | 0.8  | 161.4
2019[37] | 1,142,495 | 5,822 | 920 | 5.1 | 0.8 | 158.0

#### Brčko District

[edit]

| Mid-year  | Marriages  | Divorces  | Crude marriage rate (per 1,000)  | Crude divorce rate (per 1,000)  | Divorces per 1,000 marriages

|
|
|
|
|
|

1991 | 87,627  | 654 | 156 | 7.5  | 1.8  | 238.5
1992 |  |  |  |  |  |
1993 |  |  |  |  |  |
1994 |  |  |  |  |  |
1995 |  |  |  |  |  |
1996 |  |  |  |  |  |
1997 |  |  |  |  |  |
1998 |  |  |  |  |  |
1999 |  |  |  |  |  |
2000 |  |  |  |  |  |
2001 |  |  |  |  |  |
2002 | 84,360  | 644 | 58 | 7.6  | 0.7  | 90.1
2003 | 84,063  | 655 | 80 | 7.8  | 1.0  | 122.1
2004 | 83,766  | 782 | 30 | 9.3  | 0.4  | 38.4
2005 | 83,930  | 669 | 32 | 8.0  | 0.4  | 47.8
2006 | 84,100  | 673 | 89 | 8.0  | 1.1  | 132.2
2007 | 84,258  | 712 | 94 | 8.5  | 1.1  | 132.0
2008 | 84,233  | 680 | 82 | 8.1  | 1.0  | 120.6
2009 | 84,260  | 670 | 139 | 8.0  | 1.6  | 207.5
2010 | 83,995  | 618 | 154 | 7.4  | 1.8  | 249.2
2011 | 83,723  | 613 | 199 | 7.3  | 2.4  | 324.6
2012 | 83,516  | 703 | 236 | 8.4  | 2.8  | 335.7
2013 | 83,410  | 622 | 191 | 7.5  | 2.3  | 307.1
2014 | 83,309  | 663 | 251 | 8.0  | 3.0  | 378.6
2015 | 83,236  | 670 | 311 | 8.0  | 3.7  | 464.2
2016 | 83,254  | 653 | 289 | 7.8  | 3.5  | 442.6
2017 | 83,243  | 718 | 295 | 8.6  | 3.5  | 410.9
2018  | 83,234  | 632 | 298 | 7.6  | 3.6  | 471.5
2019 | 83,159 | 599 | 182 | 7.2 | 2.2 | 303.8

### Life expectancy at birth in Bosnia and Herzegovina

[edit]

Life expectancy in Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1950 Life expectancy in Bosnia and Herzegovina since 1960 by gender Period  | Life expectancy in
Years[38]

|

1950-1955  | 53.67
1955-1960  |  58.46
1960-1965  |  61.93
1965-1970  |  64.73
1970-1975  |  67.57
1975-1980  |  69.87
1980-1985  |  70.72
1985-1990  |  71.95
1990-1995  |  70.13
1995-2000  |  73.61
2000-2005  |  74.81
2005-2010  |  75.53
2010-2015  |  76.53
2015-2020  |  77.18

## Ethnic groups

[edit]

Main articles: Ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina and National minorities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

According to data from the 2013 census published by the Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bosniaks constitute 50.11% of the population, Bosnian Serbs 30.78%, Bosnian Croats 15.43%, and others form 2.73%, with the remaining respondents not declaring their ethnicity or not answering.[39]

The census results are contested by the Republika Srpska statistical office and by Bosnian Serb politicians,[40] who oppose the inclusion of non-permanent Bosnian residents in the figures.[41]

The European Union's statistics office, Eurostat, determined that the methodology used by the Bosnian statistical agency was in line with international recommendations.[42]

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, religion is often linked to ethnicity, i.e. (with the exception of agnostics and atheists) most Bosniaks are Muslim, Serbs are Orthodox Christian, and Croats are Roman Catholic.

Population of Bosnia and Herzegovina according to ethnic group 1948-2013  Ethnic
group  | Census 1948  | Census 1953  | Census 1961  | Census 1971  | Census 1981  | Census 1991  | Census UNHCR 1996  | Census 2013[43] | Change 1991–2013

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %
Muslims/Bosniaks | 788,403  | 30.7  | 891,800  | 31.3  | 842,248  | 25.7  | 1,482,430  | 39.6  | 1,629,924  | 39.5  | 1,902,956  | 43.48  | 1,805,910  | 46.1  | 1,769,592  | 50.11  | -133,364  | +6.63pp
Serbs | 1,136,116  | 44.3  | 1,264,372  | 44.4  | 1,406,057  | 42.9  | 1,393,148  | 37.2  | 1,320,644  | 32.0  | 1,366,104  | 31.22  | 1,484,530  | 37.9  | 1,086,733  | 30.78  | -279,371  | -0.44pp
Croats | 614,123  | 23.9  | 654,229  | 23.0  | 711,665  | 21.7  | 772,491  | 20.6  | 758,136  | 18.4  | 760,852  | 17.39  | 571,317  | 14.6  | 544,780  | 15.43  | -216,072  | -1.96pp
Yugoslavs |  |  |  |  | 275,883  | 8.4  | 43,796  | 1.2  | 326,280  | 7.9  | 242,682  | 5.55  |  |  | 2,570  | 0.07  |  |
Montenegrins | 3,094  | 0.1  | 7,336  | 0.3  | 12,828  | 0.4  | 13,021  | 0.3  | 14,114  | 0.3  | 10,071  | 0.23  |  |  | 1,883  | 0.05  |  |
Roma | 442  | 0.0  | 2,297  | 0.1  | 588  | 0.0  | 1,456  | 0.0  | 7,251  | 0.2  | 8,864  | 0.20  |  |  | 12,583  | 0.36  |  |
Albanians |  |  |  |  | 3,642  | 0.1  | 3,764  | 0.1  | 4,396  | 0.1  | 4,925  | 0.11  |  |  | 2,569  | 0.07  |  |
Others/undeclared  | 23,099  | 0.9  | 27,756  | 1.0  | 28,679  | 0.8  | 36,005  | 1  | 63,263  | 1.5  | 80,579  | 1.84  | 58,196  | 1.5  | 110,449  | 3.13  |  |
Total  | 2,565,277  | 2,847,790  | 3,277,948  | 3,746,111  | 4,124,008  | 4,377,033  | 3,919,953  | 3,531,159  |

* Ethnic structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Ethnic structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Bosniaks in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Serbs in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

### Languages

[edit]

Bosnia's constitution does not specify any official languages;[44][45][46] however, academics Hilary Footitt and Michael Kelly note that the Dayton Agreement states that it is "done in Bosnian, Croatian, English and Serbian", and they describe this as the "de facto recognition of three official languages" at the state level. The equal status of Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian was verified by the Constitutional Court in 2000.[46] It ruled that the provisions of the Federation and Republika Srpska constitutions on language were incompatible with the state constitution, since they only recognised "Bosniak" and Croatian (in the case of the Federation) and Serbian (in the case of Republika Srpska) as official languages at the entity level.[citation needed]

As a result, the wording of the entity constitutions was changed and all three languages were made official in both entities.[46] The three languages are mutually intelligible and are also known collectively as Serbo-Croatian. Use of one of the three varieties has become a marker of ethnic identity.[47] Michael Kelly and Catherine Baker argue: "The three official languages of today's Bosnian state...represent the symbolic assertion of national identity over the pragmatism of mutual intelligibility".[48]

All standard varieties are based on the Ijekavian varieties of the Shtokavian dialect (non-standard spoken varieties including, beside Ijekavian, also Ikavian Shtokavian). Serbian and Bosnian are written in both Latin and Cyrillic (the latter predominantly using the Latin script), whereas Croatian is written only in Latin alphabet. There are also some speakers of Italian, German, Turkish and Ladino. Yugoslav Sign Language is used with Croatian and Serbian variants.[citation needed]

According to the results of the 2013 census, 52.86% of the population consider their mother tongue to be Bosnian, 30.76% Serbian, 14.6% Croatian and 1.57% another language, with 0.21% not giving an answer.[39]

* Linguistic structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Linguistic structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Bosnian in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Serbian in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Croatian in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

### Religion

[edit]

Main article: Religion in Bosnia and Herzegovina

According to the 2013 census, 50.7% of the population identify religiously as Muslim, 30.75% as Serbian Orthodox Christian, 15.19% as Roman Catholic, 1.15% as other, 1.1% as agnostic or atheist, with the remainder not declaring their religion or not answering.[39] A 2012 survey found that 47% of Bosnia's Muslims are non-denominational Muslims, while 45% follow Sunnism.[49] In Bosnia and Herzegovina, religion is strongly linked to ethnicity.

* Religious structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1879

* Religious structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Religious structure of Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Orthodox Christians in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

* Share of Catholics in Bosnia and Herzegovina by municipalities in 2013

## Demographic statistics

[edit]

Main article: List of cities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Population pyramid 2016

The following demographic statistics are from the CIA World Factbook, unless otherwise indicated.

### Population

[edit]

3,378,821[1]

### Age structure

[edit]

0-14 years: 13.18% (male 261,430/female 244,242)
15-24 years: 10.83% (male 214,319/female 201,214)
25-54 years: 44.52% (male 859,509/female 848,071)
55-64 years: 15.24% (male 284,415/female 300,168)
65 years and over: 16.22% (male 249,624/female 372,594) (2020 est.)

### Median age

[edit]

Total: 43.3 years
Male: 41.6 years
Female: 44.8 years (2020 est.)

### Sex ratio

[edit]

At birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female
Total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

### Infant mortality rate

[edit]

Total: 5.32 deaths/1,000 live births
Male: 5.44 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 5.19 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

### Life expectancy at birth

[edit]

Total population: 77.74 years
Male: 74.76 years
Female: 80.93 years (2021 est.)

### HIV/AIDS

[edit]

Adult prevalence rate: less than 0.1% (2018)
People living with HIV/AIDS: Less than 500 (2018)
Deaths: less than 100 (2018)

### Literacy

[edit]

Definition: age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 98.5%
Male: 99.5%
Female: 97.5% (2015 est.)

## See also

[edit]

* Demographic history of Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Yugoslavia § Demographics
* Demographics of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
* Demographics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
* Demographics of Croatia
* Demographics of Montenegro
* Demographics of Serbia
* Exodus of Muslims from Serbia
* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Republika Srpska
* Brčko District
* List of Bosnians and Herzegovinians

Religion:

* Islam in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Serbian Orthodox Church
* Roman Catholicism in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Jews in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Groups:

* Ethnic groups in Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Roma in Bosnia and Herzegovina

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "Eurostat database". ec.europa.eu.
2. ^ "Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina". bhas.gov.ba.
3. ^ "Natural population change". bhas.gov.ba.
4. ^ "Demographic and Social Statistics". unstats.un.org. United Nations.
5. ^ "Population bulletins". fzs.ba.
6. ^ "Statistical Yearbook". fzs.ba.
7. ^ "Institute for Statistics of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina". fzs.ba.
8. ^ "Statistical Yearbook 2006" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
9. ^ "POPULATION OF THE FEDERATION BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA 1996 - 2006" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
10. ^ "Demographics, 2017" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
11. ^ "Demographics, 2018}" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
12. ^ "Demographics, 2019" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
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14. ^ "Demographics, 2021" (PDF). fzs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
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17. ^ "Population bulletins". rzs.rs.ba.
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21. ^ "Statistical Yearbook of Republika Srpska, 2019" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-11. Retrieved 2020-01-04.
22. ^ "DEMOGRAPHIC STATISTICS, 2020" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
23. ^ "Statistical Yearbook of Republika Srpska, 2020" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
24. ^ "Births and deaths in Republika Srpska, 2020". rzs.rs.ba.
25. ^ "Births and deaths in Republika Srpska, 2021". rzs.rs.ba.
26. ^ "Monthly statistical review". rzs.rs.ba.
27. ^ "Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina - Statistics of the Brčko District BiH". bhas.gov.ba.
28. ^ "Demographics 2002-2003" (PDF). bhas.ba. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-29. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
29. ^ "Demographics 2004-2008" (PDF). bhas.ba. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-08-02. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
30. ^ "Demographics 2008-2012" (PDF). bhas.ba. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-05-29. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
31. ^ "Demographics 2013-2017" (PDF). bhas.ba. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-08-02. Retrieved 2020-03-14.
32. ^ "DEMOGRAFIJA u Brčko distriktu BiH 2014-2018.godina" (PDF). bhas.gov.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2022-10-09.
33. ^ "DEMOGRAFIJA u Brčko distriktu BiH 2015-2019.godina" (PDF). bhas.gov.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-15.
34. ^ "Statistički podaci BRČKO DISTRIKTA BiH, 2020" (PDF). bhas.gov.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2021-05-16.
35. ^ "Statistički podaci BRČKO DISTRIKTA BiH, 2021" (PDF). bhas.gov.ba.
36. ^ "Statistical bulletin, Brčko District". bhas.gov.ba.
37. ^ "Marriages and divorces in Republika Srpska, 2019" (PDF). rzs.rs.ba. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2020-08-03.
38. ^ "World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations". esa.un.org. Retrieved 2018-08-26.
39. ^ a b c "Census of population, households and dwellings in Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013: Final results" (PDF). Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina. June 2016. Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
40. ^ Toe, Rodolfo (30 June 2016). "Census Reveals Bosnia's Changed Demography". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
41. ^ Toe, Rodolfo (30 June 2016). "Bosnia to Publish Census Without Serb Agreement". Balkan Insight. Retrieved 1 July 2016.
42. ^ "Bosnia-Herzegovina has lost a fifth of its pre-war population". The Guardian. 2016.
43. ^ "1. Stanovništvo prema etničkoj/nacionalnoj pripadnosti - detaljna klasifikacija". Popis.gov.ba. Retrieved 28 December 2017.
44. ^ Faingold, Eduardo D. (2004). "Language rights and language justice in the constitutions of the world". Language Problems & Language Planning. 28 (1): 11–24. doi:10.1075/lplp.28.1.03fai.
45. ^ Sadurski, Wojciech (2005). Rights Before Courts: A Study of Constitutional Courts in Postcommunist States of Central and Eastern Europe. Springer. p. 342. ISBN 1402030061.
46. ^ a b c Footitt, Hilary; Kelly, Michael (2012). Languages at War: Policies and Practices of Language Contacts in Conflict. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 111–120. ISBN 978-0230368774.
47. ^ Greenberg, Robert David (2004). Language and Identity in the Balkans: Serbo-Croatian and its Disintegration. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-925815-4.
48. ^ Kelly, Michael; Baker, Catherine (2013). Interpreting the Peace: Peace Operations, Conflict and Language in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 10\. ISBN 978-1137029836.
49. ^ "The World's Muslims: Unity and Diversity" (PDF). Pew Research Center. 2012. p. 30\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 January 2017. Retrieved 7 April 2016.

This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook (2024 ed.). CIA. (Archived 2009 edition.)[dead link‍]

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