Demographics of Turkey

Population pyramid of Turkey in 2024

Population|  85,664,944
(31 December 2024)[1]
Density|  111/km2 (290/sq mi) (2024)[1]
Growth rate|  0.34% (2024)[1]
Birth rate|  11.0 births/1,000 population (2024)
Death rate|  5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2024)[2]
Life expectancy|  77.3 years (2023)[3]
• male|  74.7 years
• female|  80 years
Fertility rate|  1.48 children born/woman (2024)[4]
Infant mortality rate|  9.0 deaths/1,000 live births (2024)
Net migration rate|  −3.9 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023)
Age structure
0–14 years|  20.9% (male 9,196,102/female 8,730,463)
15–64 years|  68.4% (male 29,589,637/female 29,036,444)
65 and over|  10.6% (male 4,067,371/female 5,044,927) (2024)[1]
Sex ratio
Total| 1.01 male(s)/female (2024 est.)[5]
At birth| 1.05 male(s)/female
Under 15| 1.05 male(s)/female
15–64 years| 1.03 male(s)/female
65 and over| 0.83 male(s)/female
Nationality
Nationality| Turkish citizen
Major ethnic| Turkish (70–75%)[5]
Minor ethnic|

*     * Kurdish (19%)[5]
* other minorities (6–11%)[5] (2016 est.)

Language
Official| Turkish (87.6%)[6]
Spoken|

*     * Kurdish (10.4%)
* Arabic (1.4%)
* Others (0.6%)

Demographic features of the population of Turkey include population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

As of 31 December 2024,[update] the population of Turkey was 85.7 million with an annual growth rate of 0.34%. However, this official population number excludes the registered Syrian refugees under temporary protection status which have a population of about 2.9 million as of 2025.[7]

Turks are the largest ethnic group, comprising 70–75% of the population while Kurds are the second largest with 19%. The others, including Armenians, Arabs, Assyrians, Albanians, Bosniaks, Circassians, Chechens, Georgians, Pomaks, Romani, Laz people make 6–11% of the population according to 2016 estimate of CIA.[8]

The population has been aging in recent years, with just 20.9% falling in the 0–14 age bracket (down from 26.4% in 2007).[7] The population over the age of 65 is 10.6% (up from 7.1% in 2007). As of 2024,[update] the median age of the Turkish population is 34.4 years (up from 28.3 in 2007).[7] According to OECD/World Bank population statistics, from 1990 to 2008 the population growth in Turkey was 16 million or 29%.[9]

## Population

[edit]

### Historical population

[edit]

Historical population of Turkey Historical population[10] [11]| Year| Pop.| ±% p.a.

|
|

1890| 8,274,971| —
1910| 12,329,210| +2.01%
1927| 13,648,270| +0.60%
1935| 16,158,018| +2.13%
1940| 17,820,950| +1.98%
1945| 18,790,174| +1.06%
1950| 20,947,188| +2.20%
1955| 24,064,763| +2.81%
1960| 27,754,820| +2.89%
1965| 31,391,421| +2.49%
1970| 35,605,176| +2.55%
1975| 40,347,719| +2.53%
| Year| Pop.| ±% p.a.

|
|

1980| 44,736,957| +2.09%
1985| 50,664,458| +2.52%
1990| 56,473,035| +2.19%
2000| 67,803,927| +1.85%
2010| 73,722,988| +0.84%
2015| 78,741,053| +1.33%
2020| 83,614,362| +1.21%
2021| 84,680,273| +1.27%
2022| 85,279,553| +0.71%
2023| 85,372,377| +0.11%
2024| 85,664,944| +0.34%

### Urbanization

[edit]

Istanbul has experienced rapid population growth (The gray areas are buildings)

#### According to the CIA World Factbook

[edit]

* Urban population: 77.5% of total population (2023)
* Rate of urbanization: 1.11% annual rate of change (2020–25 est.)[5]

#### According to TURKSTAT

[edit]

* Population of densely populated urban areas: 67.2%
* Population of intermediate density urban areas: 15.5%
* Population of rural areas: 17.2% (2024)[7]

### Structure of the population

[edit]

Structure of the population

Structure of the population (20.10.1935):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 7,936,512  | 8,220,938  | 16,157,450  | 100
0–4  | 1,431,441  | 1,297,472  | 2,728,913  | 16.89
5–9  | 1,211,031  | 1,127,759  | 2,338,790  | 14.47
10–14  | 848,909  | 745,981  | 1,594,890  | 9.87
15–19  | 558,702  | 485,865  | 1,044,567  | 6.47
20–24  | 749,196  | 640,153  | 1,389,349  | 8.60
25–29  | 621,971  | 721,286  | 1,343,257  | 8.31
30–34  | 584,496  | 642,051  | 1,226,547  | 7.59
35–39  | 486,505  | 509,582  | 996,087  | 6.16
40–44  | 323,676  | 473,948  | 797,624  | 4.94
45–49  | 242,922  | 314,860  | 557,782  | 3.45
50–54  | 225,781  | 384,373  | 610,154  | 3.78
55–59  | 162,193  | 195,231  | 357,424  | 2.21
60–64  | 175,346  | 297,375  | 472,721  | 2.93
65–69  | 100,249  | 104,966  | 205,215  | 1.27
70–74  | 90,665  | 125,877  | 216,542  | 1.34
75–79  | 36,289  | 37,970  | 74,259  | 0.46
80–84  | 31,267  | 49,176  | 80,443  | 0.50
85+  | 20,376  | 31,206  | 51,582  | 0.32
Unknown  | 35,497  | 35,807  | 71,304  | 0.44
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 3,491,381  | 3,171,212  | 6,662,593  | 41.23
15–64  | 4,130,788  | 4,664,724  | 8,795,512  | 54.44
65+  | 278,846  | 349,195  | 628,041  | 3.89

Structure of the population (20.10.1940):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 8,898,912  | 8,922,038  | 17,820,950  | 100
0–4  | 1,386,164  | 1,255,841  | 2,642,005  | 14.83
5–9  | 1,417,565  | 1,264,599  | 2,682,164  | 15.05
10–14  | 1,189,450  | 989,707  | 2,179,157  | 12.22
15–19  | 828,348  | 698,268  | 1,526,616  | 8.57
20–24  | 524,398  | 517,900  | 1,042,298  | 5.85
25–29  | 684,425  | 704,888  | 1,389,313  | 7.80
30–34  | 617,605  | 715,603  | 1,333,208  | 7.48
35–39  | 589,660  | 567,985  | 1,157,645  | 6.50
40–44  | 465,754  | 530,330  | 996,084  | 5.59
45–49  | 303,224  | 347,903  | 651,127  | 3.65
50–54  | 247,689  | 416,071  | 663,760  | 3.72
55–59  | 175,162  | 216,450  | 391,612  | 2.20
60–64  | 189,814  | 327,319  | 517,133  | 2.90
65–69  | 100,133  | 113,816  | 213,949  | 1.20
70–74  | 83,102  | 131,130  | 214,232  | 1.20
75–79  | 35,800  | 36,810  | 72,610  | 0.41
80–84  | 32,530  | 48,634  | 81,164  | 0.45
85+  | 19,856  | 28,048  | 47,904  | 0.27
Unknown  | 8,233  | 10,736  | 18,969  | 0.11
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 3,993,179  | 3,510,147  | 7,503,326  | 42.10
15–64  | 4,626,079  | 5,042,717  | 9,668,796  | 54.26
65+  | 271,421  | 358,438  | 629,859  | 3.53

Structure of the population (22.10.1945):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 9,446,580  | 9,343,594  | 18,790,174  | 100
0–4  | 1,286,705  | 1,184,799  | 2,471,504  | 13.15
5–9  | 1,348,446  | 1,242,281  | 2,590,727  | 13.79
10–14  | 1,284,952  | 1,074,080  | 2,359,032  | 12.56
15–19  | 1,048,701  | 931,461  | 1,980,162  | 10.54
20–24  | 789,205  | 691,680  | 1,480,885  | 7.88
25–29  | 484,328  | 619,069  | 1,103,397  | 5.87
30–34  | 731,283  | 699,657  | 1,430,940  | 7.61
35–39  | 607,377  | 578,390  | 1,185,767  | 6.31
40–44  | 542,301  | 558,000  | 1,100,301  | 5.86
45–49  | 401,379  | 378,499  | 779,878  | 4.15
50–54  | 282,856  | 434,107  | 716,963  | 3.82
55–59  | 171,162  | 219,398  | 390,560  | 2.08
60–64  | 199,908  | 349,207  | 549,115  | 2.92
65–69  | 98,664  | 124,606  | 223,270  | 1.19
70–74  | 80,007  | 132,964  | 212,971  | 1.13
75–79  | 30,422  | 38,852  | 69,274  | 0.37
80–84  | 28,838  | 46,220  | 75,058  | 0.40
85+  | 18,752  | 27,218  | 45,970  | 0.24
Unknown  | 11,294  | 13,106  | 24,400  | 0.13
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 3,920,103  | 3,501,160  | 7,421,263  | 39.50
15–64  | 5,258,500  | 5,459,468  | 10,717,968  | 57.04
65+  | 256,683  | 369,860  | 626,543  | 3.33

Structure of the population (22.10.1950):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 10,527,085  | 10,420,103  | 20,947,188  | 100
0–4  | 1,583,013  | 1,507,310  | 3,090,323  | 14.75
5–9  | 1,336,758  | 1,236,743  | 2,573,501  | 12.29
10–14  | 1,273,881  | 1,080,774  | 2,354,655  | 11.24
15–19  | 1,269,676  | 1,118,275  | 2,387,951  | 11.40
20–24  | 989,606  | 972,942  | 1,962,548  | 9.37
25–29  | 726,276  | 751,624  | 1,477,900  | 7.06
30–34  | 523,466  | 590,563  | 1,114,029  | 5.32
35–39  | 687,486  | 599,778  | 1,287,264  | 6.15
40–44  | 551,330  | 595,426  | 1,146,756  | 5.47
45–49  | 499,143  | 445,245  | 944,388  | 4.51
50–54  | 389,143  | 471,481  | 860,624  | 4.11
55–59  | 214,041  | 260,147  | 474,188  | 2.26
60–64  | 196,827  | 358,825  | 555,652  | 2.65
65–69  | 110,177  | 152,604  | 262,781  | 1.25
70–74  | 83,100  | 138,710  | 221,810  | 1.06
75–79  | 33,989  | 49,329  | 83,318  | 0.40
80–84  | 26,256  | 46,416  | 72,672  | 0.35
85+  | 19,238  | 30,843  | 50,081  | 0.24
Unknown  | 13,679  | 13,068  | 26,747  | 0.12
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 4,193,652  | 3,824,827  | 8,018,479  | 38.28
15–64  | 6,046,994  | 6,164,306  | 12,211,300  | 58.30
65+  | 272,760  | 417,902  | 690,662  | 3.30

Structure of the population (23.10.1955):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 12,233,421  | 11,831,342  | 24,064,763  | 100
0–4  | 1,982,328  | 1,876,385  | 3,858,713  | 16.03
5–9  | 1,674,361  | 1,559,521  | 3,233,882  | 13.44
10–14  | 1,293,749  | 1,088,876  | 2,382,625  | 9.90
15–19  | 1,246,288  | 1,086,401  | 2,332,689  | 9.69
20–24  | 1,208,312  | 1,109,352  | 2,317,664  | 9.63
25–29  | 957,994  | 1,020,047  | 1,978,041  | 8.22
30–34  | 747,870  | 730,128  | 1,477,998  | 6.14
35–39  | 518,633  | 525,015  | 1,043,648  | 4.34
40–44  | 665,731  | 620,561  | 1,286,292  | 5.34
45–49  | 524,193  | 472,397  | 996,590  | 4.14
50–54  | 504,577  | 527,370  | 1,031,947  | 4.29
55–59  | 326,719  | 308,300  | 635,019  | 2.64
60–64  | 242,673  | 386,672  | 629,345  | 2.62
65–69  | 126,235  | 172,553  | 298,788  | 1.24
70–74  | 98,303  | 170,945  | 269,248  | 1.12
75–79  | 42,539  | 61,169  | 103,708  | 0.43
80–84  | 31,408  | 58,663  | 90,071  | 0.38
85+  | 22,219  | 38,374  | 60,593  | 0.25
Unknown  | 19,289  | 18,613  | 37,902  | 0.16
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 4,950,438  | 4,524,782  | 9,475,220  | 39.37
15–64  | 6,942,990  | 6,786,243  | 13,729,233  | 57.05
65+  | 320,704  | 501,704  | 822,408  | 3.42

Structure of the population (23.10.1960):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 14,163,888  | 13,590,932  | 27,754,820  | 100
0–4  | 2,180,155  | 2,075,706  | 4,255,861  | 15.33
5–9  | 2,072,538  | 1,924,700  | 3,997,238  | 14.40
10–14  | 1,687,678  | 1,486,229  | 3,173,907  | 11.44
15–19  | 1,247,397  | 1,057,623  | 2,305,020  | 8.30
20–24  | 1,175,912  | 1,126,110  | 2,302,022  | 8.29
25–29  | 1,155,197  | 1,175,437  | 2,330,634  | 8.41
30–34  | 1,026,237  | 984,257  | 2,010,494  | 7.24
35–39  | 748,216  | 692,697  | 1,440,913  | 5.19
40–44  | 504,947  | 547,576  | 1,052,523  | 3.79
45–49  | 609,233  | 499,222  | 1,108,455  | 3.99
50–54  | 547,373  | 580,291  | 1,127,664  | 4.06
55–59  | 423,895  | 368,834  | 792,729  | 2.86
60–64  | 368,205  | 460,652  | 828,857  | 2.99
65–69  | 166,113  | 213,476  | 379,589  | 1.37
70–74  | 113,713  | 195,360  | 309,073  | 1.11
75–79  | 51,280  | 78,196  | 129,476  | 0.47
80–84  | 33,918  | 63,479  | 97,397  | 0.35
85+  | 23,063  | 40,134  | 63,197  | 0.23
Unknown  | 28,818  | 20,953  | 49,771  | 0.18
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 5,940,371  | 5,486,635  | 11,427,006  | 41.17
15–64  | 7,806,612  | 7,492,699  | 15,299,311  | 55.12
65+  | 388,087  | 590,645  | 978,732  | 3.53

Structure of the population (24.10.1965):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 15,996,964  | 15,394,457  | 31,391,421  | 100
0–4  | 2,355,040  | 2,262,030  | 4,617,070  | 14.71
5–9  | 2,414,482  | 2,249,520  | 4,664,002  | 14.86
10–14  | 2,057,427  | 1,810,125  | 3,867,552  | 12.32
15–19  | 1,545,911  | 1,364,144  | 2,910,055  | 9.27
20–24  | 1,210,980  | 1,133,156  | 2,344,136  | 7.47
25–29  | 1,054,909  | 1,161,156  | 2,216,065  | 7.06
30–34  | 1,138,450  | 1,134,571  | 2,273,021  | 7.24
35–39  | 997,446  | 934,713  | 1,932,159  | 6.15
40–44  | 704,595  | 676,864  | 1,381,459  | 4.40
45–49  | 445,457  | 429,623  | 875,080  | 2.79
50–54  | 612,093  | 590,947  | 1,203,040  | 3.83
55–59  | 449,480  | 415,150  | 864,630  | 2.75
60–64  | 452,705  | 501,500  | 954,205  | 3.04
65–69  | 257,812  | 271,173  | 528,985  | 1.69
70–74  | 145,636  | 220,745  | 366,381  | 1.17
75–79  | 60,950  | 94,624  | 155,574  | 0.49
80–84  | 41,187  | 78,089  | 119,276  | 0.38
85+  | 24,419  | 47,890  | 72,309  | 0.23
Unknown  | 27,985  | 18,437  | 46,422  | 0.15
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 6,826,949  | 6,321,675  | 13,148,624  | 41.89
15–64  | 8,612,026  | 8,341,824  | 16,953,850  | 54.00
65+  | 530,004  | 712,521  | 1,242,525  | 3.96

Structure of the population (25.10.1970):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 18,006,986  | 17,598,190  | 35,605,176  | 100
0–4  | 2,661,100  | 2,594,036  | 5,255,136  | 14.76
5–9  | 2,610,278  | 2,483,174  | 5,093,452  | 14.31
10–14  | 2,362,928  | 2,166,671  | 4,529,599  | 12.72
15–19  | 1,924,259  | 1,770,241  | 3,694,500  | 10.38
20–24  | 1,496,314  | 1,355,157  | 2,851,471  | 8.01
25–29  | 1,107,968  | 1,153,644  | 2,261,612  | 6.35
30–34  | 1,018,964  | 1,165,395  | 2,184,359  | 6.14
35–39  | 1,117,152  | 1,096,974  | 2,214,126  | 6.22
40–44  | 921,299  | 899,719  | 1,821,018  | 5.11
45–49  | 644,629  | 564,005  | 1,208,634  | 3.39
50–54  | 457,007  | 516,198  | 973,205  | 2.73
55–59  | 496,977  | 440,483  | 937,460  | 2.63
60–64  | 476,373  | 529,806  | 1,006,179  | 2.83
65–69  | 321,562  | 319,282  | 640,844  | 1.80
70–74  | 220,832  | 265,442  | 486,274  | 1.37
75–79  | 82,070  | 109,591  | 191,661  | 0.54
80–84  | 48.152  | 90.847  | 138.999  | 0.39
85+  | 35,191  | 72,727  | 107,918  | 0.30
Unknown  | 3,931  | 4,798  | 8,729  | 0.02
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 7,634,306  | 7,243,881  | 14,878,187  | 41.79
15–64  | 9,660,942  | 9,491,622  | 19,152,564  | 53.79
65+  | 707,807  | 857,889  | 1,565,696  | 4.40

Structure of the population (26.10.1975):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 20,744,730  | 19,602,989  | 40,347,719  | 100
0–4  | 2,917,451  | 2,783,798  | 5,701,249  | 14.13
5–9  | 2,759,820  | 2,620,295  | 5,380,115  | 13.34
10–14  | 2,800,002  | 2,448,837  | 5,248,839  | 13.00
15–19  | 2,232,561  | 2,031,938  | 4,264,499  | 10.57
20–24  | 1,857,634  | 1,674,510  | 3,532,144  | 8.75
25–29  | 1,486,652  | 1,346,030  | 2,832,682  | 7.02
30–34  | 1,178,669  | 1,116,102  | 2,294,771  | 5.69
35–39  | 1,040,829  | 1,098,730  | 2,139,559  | 5.30
40–44  | 1,091,915  | 1,054,284  | 2,146,199  | 5.32
45–49  | 881,215  | 802,470  | 1,683,685  | 4.17
50–54  | 676,681  | 664,996  | 1,341,677  | 3.33
55–59  | 382,853  | 384,295  | 767,148  | 1.90
60–64  | 535,532  | 548,341  | 1,083,873  | 2.69
65–69  | 322,443  | 356,949  | 679,392  | 1.68
70–74  | 275,674  | 320,062  | 595,736  | 1.48
75–79  | 119,728  | 138,791  | 258,519  | 0.64
80–84  | 79,297  | 110,363  | 189,660  | 0.47
85+  | 53,510  | 76,434  | 129,944  | 0.32
Unknown  | 52,264  | 25,764  | 78,028  | 0.20
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 8,477,273  | 7,852,930  | 16,330,203  | 40.47
15–64  | 11,364,541  | 10,721,696  | 22,086,237  | 54.74
65+  | 850,652  | 1,002,599  | 1,853,251  | 4.59

Structure of the population (12.10.1980):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 22,695,362  | 22,041,595  | 44,736,957  | 100
0–4  | 3,050,769  | 2,909,854  | 5,960,623  | 13.32
5–9  | 3,062,668  | 2,907,808  | 5,970,476  | 13.35
10–14  | 2,869,879  | 2,632,934  | 5,502,813  | 12.30
15–19  | 2,562,865  | 2,404,442  | 4,967,307  | 11.10
20–24  | 2,073,844  | 1,975,835  | 4,049,679  | 9.05
25–29  | 1,719,161  | 1,656,165  | 3,375,326  | 7.54
30–34  | 1,373,541  | 1,321,174  | 2,694,715  | 6.02
35–39  | 1,078,798  | 1,119,283  | 2,198,081  | 4.91
40–44  | 988,818  | 1,068,128  | 2,056,946  | 4.60
45–49  | 1,043,459  | 964,296  | 2,007,755  | 4.49
50–54  | 862,109  | 867,151  | 1,729,260  | 3.87
55–59  | 592,130  | 558,498  | 1,150,628  | 2.58
60–64  | 375,309  | 417,352  | 792,661  | 1.77
65–69  | 413,324  | 450,580  | 863,904  | 1.93
70–74  | 264,433  | 328,480  | 592,913  | 1.33
75–79  | 161,282  | 187,299  | 348,581  | 0.78
80–84  | 81,037  | 119,321  | 200,358  | 0.45
85+  | 35,284  | 72,207  | 107,491  | 0.24
Unknown  | 86,652  | 80,788  | 167,440  | 0.37
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 8,983,316  | 8,450,596  | 17,433,912  | 38.97
15–64  | 12,670,034  | 12,352,324  | 25,022,358  | 55.93
65+  | 955,360  | 1,157,887  | 2,113,247  | 4.73

Structure of the population (20.10.1985):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 25,671,975  | 24,992,483  | 50,664,458  | 100
0–4  | 3,112,524  | 2,964,677  | 6,077,201  | 12.00
5–9  | 3,457,223  | 3,282,238  | 6,739,461  | 13.30
10–14  | 3,210,697  | 2,982,779  | 6,193,476  | 12.22
15–19  | 2,744,581  | 2,662,883  | 5,407,464  | 10.67
20–24  | 2,434,052  | 2,350,428  | 4,784,480  | 9.44
25–29  | 2,056,187  | 1,984,575  | 4,040,762  | 7.98
30–34  | 1,723,904  | 1,650,502  | 3,374,406  | 6.66
35–39  | 1,413,596  | 1,372,975  | 2,786,571  | 5.50
40–44  | 1,098,217  | 1,109,939  | 2,208,156  | 4.36
45–49  | 991,442  | 1,017,167  | 2,008,609  | 3.96
50–54  | 1,039,158  | 1,003,434  | 2,042,592  | 4.03
55–59  | 824,436  | 824,633  | 1,649,069  | 3.26
60–64  | 555,813  | 574,373  | 1,130,186  | 2.23
65–69  | 309,858  | 367,530  | 677,388  | 1.34
70–74  | 314,528  | 352,481  | 667,009  | 1.32
75–79  | 175,769  | 218,753  | 394,522  | 0.78
80–84  | 99,310  | 138,700  | 238,010  | 0.47
85+  | 55,577  | 93,402  | 148,979  | 0.29
Unknown  | 55,103  | 41,014  | 96,117  | 0.19
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,780,444  | 9,229,694  | 19,010,138  | 37.52
15–64  | 14,881,386  | 14,550,909  | 29,432,295  | 58.09
65+  | 955,042  | 1,170,866  | 2,125,908  | 4.20

Structure of the population (21.10.1990):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 28,607,047  | 27,865,988  | 56,473,035  | 100
0–4  | 3,052,255  | 2,902,489  | 5,954,744  | 10.54
5–9  | 3,541,409  | 3,357,800  | 6,899,209  | 12.22
10–14  | 3,560,900  | 3,330,499  | 6,891,399  | 12.20
15–19  | 3,165,061  | 3,051,408  | 6,216,469  | 11.00
20–24  | 2,581,153  | 2,514,351  | 5,095,504  | 9.02
25–29  | 2,435,765  | 2,377,362  | 4,813,127  | 8.52
30–34  | 2,096,899  | 1,989,410  | 4,086,309  | 7.24
35–39  | 1,784,121  | 1,705,943  | 3,490,064  | 6.18
40–44  | 1,418,784  | 1,369,640  | 2,788,424  | 4.94
45–49  | 1,111,113  | 1,090,046  | 2,201,159  | 3.90
50–54  | 980,115  | 1,038,853  | 2,018,968  | 3.58
55–59  | 993,402  | 947,119  | 1,940,521  | 3.44
60–64  | 768,547  | 846,746  | 1,615,293  | 2.86
65–69  | 471,479  | 521,608  | 993,087  | 1.76
70–74  | 242,572  | 303,519  | 546,091  | 0.97
75–79  | 204,665  | 236,259  | 440,924  | 0.78
80–84  | 105,386  | 156,938  | 262,324  | 0.46
85+  | 67,040  | 107,897  | 174,937  | 0.31
Unknown  | 26,381  | 18,101  | 44,482  | 0.08
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 10,154,564  | 9,590,788  | 19,745,352  | 34.96
15–64  | 17,334,960  | 16,930,878  | 34,265,838  | 60.68
65+  | 1,091,142  | 1,326,221  | 2,417,363  | 4.28

Structure of the population (22.10.2000):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 34,346,735  | 33,457,192  | 67,803,927  | 100
0–4  | 3,396,690  | 3,188,132  | 6,584,822  | 9.71
5–9  | 3,485,746  | 3,270,871  | 6,756,617  | 9.97
10–14  | 3,570,657  | 3,307,999  | 6,878,656  | 10.15
15–19  | 3,691,218  | 3,518,257  | 7,209,475  | 10.63
20–24  | 3,426,714  | 3,263,432  | 6,690,146  | 9.87
25–29  | 2,976,430  | 2,918,825  | 5,895,255  | 8.70
30–34  | 2,552,370  | 2,457,285  | 5,009,655  | 7.39
35–39  | 2,453,579  | 2,400,808  | 4,854,387  | 7.16
40–44  | 2,083,531  | 1,985,225  | 4,068,756  | 6.00
45–49  | 1,710,757  | 1,658,012  | 3,368,769  | 4.97
50–54  | 1,356,391  | 1,360,958  | 2,717,349  | 4.00
55–59  | 1,016,254  | 1,042,168  | 2,058,422  | 3.04
60–64  | 864,299  | 964,989  | 1,829,288  | 2.70
65–69  | 794,881  | 850,636  | 1,645,517  | 2.43
70–74  | 517,870  | 654,773  | 1,172,643  | 1.73
75–79  | 254,443  | 323,154  | 577,597  | 0.85
80–84  | 98,797  | 147,895  | 246,692  | 0.36
85+  | 83,572  | 132,928  | 216,500  | 0.32
Unknown  | 12,536  | 10,845  | 23,381  | 0.03
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 10,453,093  | 9,767,002  | 20,220,095  | 29.83
15–64  | 22,131,543  | 21,569,959  | 43,701,502  | 64.45
65+  | 1,749,563  | 2,109,386  | 3,858,949  | 5.69

Structure of the population (31.12.2007):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 35,376,533  | 35,209,723  | 70,586,256  | 100
0–4  | 2,978,972  | 2,814,934  | 5,793,906  | 8.21
5–9  | 3,303,329  | 3,133,498  | 6,436,827  | 9.12
10–14  | 3,288,472  | 3,123,186  | 6,411,658  | 9.08
15–19  | 3,159,723  | 2,997,310  | 6,157,033  | 8.72
20–24  | 3,181,804  | 3,058,769  | 6,240,573  | 8.84
25–29  | 3,295,102  | 3,217,736  | 6,512,838  | 9.23
30–34  | 2,885,151  | 2,842,548  | 5,727,699  | 8.11
35–39  | 2,565,112  | 2,507,329  | 5,072,441  | 7.19
40–44  | 2,379,314  | 2,346,486  | 4,725,800  | 6.69
45–49  | 2,057,626  | 2,027,439  | 4,085,065  | 5.79
50–54  | 1,781,029  | 1,784,640  | 3,565,669  | 5.06
55–59  | 1,369,618  | 1,419,240  | 2,788,858  | 3.95
60–64  | 981,178  | 1,086,536  | 2,067,714  | 2.93
65–69  | 781,165  | 917,418  | 1,698,583  | 2.41
70–74  | 629,241  | 743,836  | 1,373,077  | 1.94
75–79  | 441,289  | 628,672  | 1,069,961  | 1.51
80–84  | 212,383  | 366,496  | 578,879  | 0.82
85–89  | 58,552  | 123,636  | 182,188  | 0.26
90+  | 27,473  | 70,014  | 97,487  | 0.14
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,570,773  | 9,071,618  | 18,642,391  | 26.41
15–64  | 23,655,657  | 23,288,033  | 46,943,690  | 66,51
65+  | 2,150,103  | 2,850,072  | 5,000,175  | 7.08

Structure of the population (31.12.2008):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 35,901,154  | 35,615,946  | 71,517,100  | 100
0–4  | 3,082,338  | 2,915,920  | 5,998,258  | 8.39
5–9  | 3,242,581  | 3,075,551  | 6,318,132  | 8.83
10–14  | 3,322,041  | 3,150,156  | 6,472,197  | 9.05
15–19  | 3,171,917  | 3,013,187  | 6,185,104  | 8.65
20–24  | 3,187,625  | 3,068,933  | 6,256,558  | 8.75
25–29  | 3,300,291  | 3,218,546  | 6,518,837  | 9.12
30–34  | 2,939,518  | 2,870,589  | 5,810,107  | 8.12
35–39  | 2,680,941  | 2,649,543  | 5,330,484  | 7.45
40–44  | 2,397,706  | 2,342,544  | 4,740,250  | 6.63
45–49  | 2,153,427  | 2,130,748  | 4,284,175  | 5.99
50–54  | 1,824,582  | 1,818,591  | 3,643,173  | 5.09
55–59  | 1,423,445  | 1,454,659  | 2,878,104  | 4.03
60–64  | 1,035,261  | 1,153,037  | 2,188,298  | 3.06
65–69  | 783,680  | 917,704  | 1,701,384  | 2.38
70–74  | 575,433  | 699,248  | 1,274,681  | 1.78
75–79  | 492,226  | 618,556  | 1,110,782  | 1.55
80–84  | 213,336  | 357,843  | 571,179  | 0.80
85–89  | 59,076  | 116,145  | 175,221  | 0.25
90+  | 15,730  | 44,446  | 60,176  | 0.08
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,646,960  | 9,141,627  | 18,788,587  | 26.27
15–64  | 24,114,713  | 23,720,377  | 47,835,090  | 66.89
65+  | 2,139,481  | 2,753,942  | 4,893,423  | 6.84

Structure of the population (31.12.2009):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 36,462,470  | 36,098,842  | 72,561,312  | 100
0–4  | 3,161,153  | 2,994,168  | 6,155,321  | 8.48
5–9  | 3,183,784  | 3,017,863  | 6,201,647  | 8.55
10–14  | 3,336,975  | 3,165,391  | 6,502,366  | 8.96
15–19  | 3,197,293  | 3,037,327  | 6,234,620  | 8.59
20–24  | 3,204,748  | 3,075,369  | 6,280,117  | 8.65
25–29  | 3,306,767  | 3,202,093  | 6,508,860  | 8.97
30–34  | 2,998,464  | 2,912,568  | 5,911,032  | 8.15
35–39  | 2,764,856  | 2,740,457  | 5,505,313  | 7.59
40–44  | 2,379,230  | 2,296,915  | 4,676,145  | 6.44
45–49  | 2,241,542  | 2,228,411  | 4,469,953  | 6.16
50–54  | 1,878,374  | 1,847,369  | 3,725,743  | 5.14
55–59  | 1,461,936  | 1,483,667  | 2,945,603  | 4.06
60–64  | 1,124,584  | 1,236,594  | 2,361,178  | 3.25
65–69  | 803,062  | 920,652  | 1,723,714  | 2.38
70–74  | 586,824  | 736,844  | 1,323,668  | 1.83
75–79  | 516,617  | 629,315  | 1,145,932  | 1.58
80–84  | 228,954  | 382,749  | 611,703  | 0.84
85–89  | 70,842  | 140,725  | 211,567  | 0.29
90+  | 16,465  | 50,365  | 66,830  | 0.09
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,681,912  | 9,177,422  | 18,859,334  | 25.99
15–64  | 24,557,794  | 24,060,770  | 48,618,564  | 67.00
65+  | 2,222,764  | 2,860,650  | 5,083,414  | 7.01

Structure of the population (31.12.2010):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 37,043,182  | 36,679,806  | 73,722,988  | 100
0–4  | 3,173,092  | 3,005,631  | 6,178,723  | 8.38
5–9  | 3,148,210  | 2,982,908  | 6,131,118  | 8.32
10–14  | 3,369,995  | 3,198,746  | 6,568,741  | 8.91
15–19  | 3,219,221  | 3,058,086  | 6,277,307  | 8.51
20–24  | 3,200,959  | 3,066,828  | 6,267,787  | 8.50
25–29  | 3,275,153  | 3,162,769  | 6,437,922  | 8.73
30–34  | 3,146,214  | 3,063,753  | 6,209,967  | 8.42
35–39  | 2,798,870  | 2,767,247  | 5,566,117  | 7.55
40–44  | 2,344,747  | 2,249,976  | 4,594,723  | 6.23
45–49  | 2,358,913  | 2,341,378  | 4,700,291  | 6.38
50–54  | 1,871,231  | 1,835,058  | 3,706,289  | 5.03
55–59  | 1,614,971  | 1,649,342  | 3,264,313  | 4.43
60–64  | 1,190,577  | 1,301,377  | 2,491,954  | 3.38
65–69  | 848,726  | 958,566  | 1,807,292  | 2.45
70–74  | 633,016  | 787,768  | 1,420,784  | 1.93
75–79  | 502,175  | 615,872  | 1,118,047  | 1.52
80–84  | 245,975  | 418,326  | 664,301  | 0.90
85–89  | 83,179  | 161,183  | 244,362  | 0.33
90+  | 17,958  | 54,992  | 72,950  | 0.10
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,691,297  | 9,187,285  | 18,878,582  | 25.61
15–64  | 25,020,856  | 24,495,814  | 49,516,670  | 67.16
65+  | 2,331,029  | 2,996,707  | 5,327,736  | 7.23

Structure of the population (31.12.2011):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 37,532,954  | 37,191,315  | 74,724,269  | 100
0–4  | 3,184,160  | 3,015,664  | 6,199,824  | 8.30
5–9  | 3,123,697  | 2,960,449  | 6,084,146  | 8.14
10–14  | 3,386,882  | 3,215,723  | 6,602,605  | 8.84
15–19  | 3,240,196  | 3,077,387  | 6,317,583  | 8.45
20–24  | 3,173,618  | 3,050,973  | 6,224,591  | 8.33
25–29  | 3,210,343  | 3,095,890  | 6,306,233  | 8.44
30–34  | 3,285,387  | 3,210,247  | 6,495,634  | 8.69
35–39  | 2,837,182  | 2,795,560  | 5,632,742  | 7.54
40–44  | 2,430,841  | 2,339,933  | 4,770,774  | 6.38
45–49  | 2,405,435  | 2,380,649  | 4,786,084  | 6.41
50–54  | 1,909,912  | 1,882,524  | 3,792,436  | 5.08
55–59  | 1,716,102  | 1,738,313  | 3,454,415  | 4.62
60–64  | 1,231,274  | 1,335,213  | 2,566,487  | 3.43
65–69  | 876,489  | 991,686  | 1,868,175  | 2.50
70–74  | 649,739  | 801,629  | 1,451,368  | 1.94
75–79  | 497,023  | 621,287  | 1,118,310  | 1.50
80–84  | 260,355  | 428,485  | 688,840  | 0.92
85–89  | 94,160  | 190,434  | 284,594  | 0.38
90+  | 20,159  | 59,269  | 79,428  | 0.11
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,694,739  | 9,191,836  | 18,886,575  | 25.28
15–64  | 25,440,290  | 24,906,689  | 50,346,979  | 67.37
65+  | 2,397,925  | 3,092,790  | 5,490,715  | 7.35

Structure of the population (31.12.2012):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 37,956,168  | 37,671,216  | 75,627,384  | 100
0–4  | 3,182,650  | 3,016,307  | 6,198,957  | 8.20
5–9  | 3,161,223  | 2,997,741  | 6,158,964  | 8.14
10–14  | 3,334,509  | 3,164,749  | 6,499,258  | 8.59
15–19  | 3,286,864  | 3,118,688  | 6,405,552  | 8.47
20–24  | 3,151,253  | 3,034,836  | 6,186,089  | 8.18
25–29  | 3,185,423  | 3,085,255  | 6,270,678  | 8.29
30–34  | 3,307,333  | 3,237,594  | 6,544,927  | 8.65
35–39  | 2,890,170  | 2,841,007  | 5,731,177  | 7.58
40–44  | 2,565,499  | 2,498,561  | 5,064,060  | 6.70
45–49  | 2,368,340  | 2,331,081  | 4,699,421  | 6.21
50–54  | 2,029,218  | 2,009,980  | 4,039,198  | 5.34
55–59  | 1,727,004  | 1,751,578  | 3,478,582  | 4.60
60–64  | 1,292,769  | 1,375,749  | 2,668,518  | 3.53
65–69  | 899,831  | 1,028,555  | 1,928,386  | 2.55
70–74  | 671,942  | 828,184  | 1,500,126  | 1.98
75–79  | 484,634  | 617,492  | 1,102,126  | 1.45
80–84  | 289,054  | 456,612  | 745,666  | 0.99
85–89  | 105,608  | 210,382  | 315.990  | 0.42
90+  | 22,844  | 66,865  | 89.709  | 0.12
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,678,382  | 9,178,797  | 18,857,179  | 24.93
15–64  | 25,803,873  | 25,284,329  | 51,088,202  | 67.56
65+  | 2,473,913  | 3,208,090  | 5,682,003  | 7.51

Structure of the population (31.12.2013):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 38,473,360  | 38,194,504  | 76,667,864  | 100
0–4  | 3,187,259  | 3,019,156  | 6,206,415  | 8.10
5–9  | 3,218,411  | 3,052,823  | 6,271,234  | 8.18
10–14  | 3,269,578  | 3,102,587  | 6,372,165  | 8.31
15–19  | 3,327,238  | 3,150,484  | 6,477,722  | 8.45
20–24  | 3,166,104  | 3,047,920  | 6,214,024  | 8.10
25–29  | 3,189,167  | 3,097,165  | 6,286,332  | 8.20
30–34  | 3,305,734  | 3,237,935  | 6,543,669  | 8.54
35–39  | 2,946,289  | 2,879,860  | 5,826,149  | 7.60
40–44  | 2,673,800  | 2,634,460  | 5,308,260  | 6.92
45–49  | 2,389,852  | 2,331,911  | 4,721,763  | 6.16
50–54  | 2,123,029  | 2,109,763  | 4,232,792  | 5.52
55–59  | 1,769,399  | 1,785,786  | 3,555,185  | 4.64
60–64  | 1,346,426  | 1,414,034  | 2,760,460  | 3.60
65–69  | 950,337  | 1,095,061  | 2,045,398  | 2.67
70–74  | 674,943  | 832,785  | 1,507,728  | 1.97
75–79  | 461,225  | 616,070  | 1,077,295  | 1.41
80–84  | 335,943  | 484,663  | 820,606  | 1.07
85–89  | 112,700  | 228,962  | 341,662  | 0.45
90+  | 25,926  | 73,079  | 99,005  | 0.13
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,675,248  | 9,174,566  | 18,849,814  | 24.59
15–64  | 26,237,038  | 25,689,318  | 51,926,356  | 67.73
65+  | 2,561,074  | 3,330,620  | 5,891,694  | 7.68

Structure of the population (31.12.2014):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 38,984,302  | 38,711,602  | 77,695,904  | 100
0–4  | 3,231,903  | 3,062,630  | 6,294,533  | 8.10
5–9  | 3,241,355  | 3,074,273  | 6,315,628  | 8.13
10–14  | 3,209,897  | 3,042,372  | 6,252,269  | 8.05
15–19  | 3,349,081  | 3,169,840  | 6,518,921  | 8.39
20–24  | 3,191,641  | 3,071,819  | 6,263,460  | 8.06
25–29  | 3,179,412  | 3,093,790  | 6,273,202  | 8.07
30–34  | 3,294,389  | 3,221,905  | 6,516,294  | 8.39
35–39  | 2,996,001  | 2,922,335  | 5,918,336  | 7.61
40–44  | 2,766,305  | 2,744,032  | 5,510,337  | 7.09
45–49  | 2,375,494  | 2,298,768  | 4,674,262  | 6.02
50–54  | 2,218,311  | 2,220,111  | 4,438,422  | 5.71
55–59  | 1,828,486  | 1,828,077  | 3,656,563  | 4.70
60–64  | 1,402,604  | 1,468,111  | 2,870,715  | 3.69
65–69  | 1,030,716  | 1,184,988  | 2,215,704  | 2.85
70–74  | 699,604  | 857,631  | 1,557,235  | 2.00
75–79  | 465,081  | 639,097  | 1,104,178  | 1.42
80–84  | 353,906  | 486,504  | 840,410  | 1.08
85–89  | 119,892  | 240,266  | 360,158  | 0.46
90+  | 30,224  | 85,053  | 106,585  | 0.11
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,683,155  | 9,179,275  | 18,862,430  | 24.28
15–64  | 26,601,724  | 26,038,788  | 52,640,512  | 67.75
65+  | 2,699,423  | 3,493,539  | 6,192,962  | 7.97

Structure of the population (31.12.2015) (Data based on Address Based Population Registration System.):[12][13][14]

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 39,511,191  | 39,229,862  | 78,741,053  | 100
0–4  | 3,275,520  | 3,105,996  | 6,381,516  | 8.10
5–9  | 3,252,811  | 3,084,908  | 6,337,719  | 8.05
10–14  | 3,166,860  | 3,000,125  | 6,166,985  | 7.83
15–19  | 3,382,363  | 3,203,137  | 6,585,500  | 8.36
20–24  | 3,224,168  | 3,089,999  | 6,314,167  | 8.02
25–29  | 3,178,350  | 3,084,899  | 6,263,249  | 7.95
30–34  | 3,252,171  | 3,175,879  | 6,428,150  | 8.16
35–39  | 3,134,041  | 3,069,282  | 6,203,323  | 7.88
40–44  | 2,788,425  | 2,764,155  | 5,552,580  | 7.05
45–49  | 2,337,087  | 2,252,992  | 4,590,079  | 5.83
50–54  | 2,317,534  | 2,315,375  | 4,632,909  | 5.88
55–59  | 1,843,354  | 1,837,816  | 3,681,170  | 4.68
60–64  | 1,515,065  | 1,593,402  | 3,108,467  | 3.95
65–69  | 1,100,734  | 1,255,651  | 2,356,385  | 2.99
70–74  | 737,892  | 888,292  | 1,626,184  | 2.07
75–79  | 501,411  | 682,335  | 1,183,746  | 1.50
80–84  | 339,904  | 470,584  | 810,488  | 1.03
85–89  | 128,879  | 261,571  | 390,450  | 0.50
90+  | 34,622  | 93,364  | 127,986  | 0.16
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,695,191  | 9,191,029  | 18,886,220  | 23.99
15–64  | 26,972,558  | 26,387,036  | 53,359,594  | 67.77
65+  | 2,843,442  | 3,651,797  | 6,495,239  | 8.25

Structure of the population (31.12.2016):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 40,043,650  | 39,771,221  | 79,814,871  | 100
0–4  | 3,314,542  | 3,144,753  | 6,459,295  | 8.09
5–9  | 3,253,345  | 3,084,099  | 6,337,444  | 7.94
10–14  | 3,147,133  | 2,981,910  | 6,129,043  | 7.68
15–19  | 3,400,443  | 3,222,876  | 6,623,319  | 8.30
20–24  | 3,247,764  | 3,117,959  | 6,365,723  | 7.98
25–29  | 3,169,360  | 3,076,681  | 6,246,041  | 7.83
30–34  | 3,196,645  | 3,113,766  | 6,310,411  | 7.91
35–39  | 3,275,175  | 3,219,158  | 6,494,333  | 8.14
40–44  | 2,833,655  | 2,800,662  | 5,634,317  | 7.06
45–49  | 2,412,875  | 2,335,639  | 4,748,514  | 5.95
50–54  | 2,381,640  | 2,374,604  | 4,756,244  | 5.96
55–59  | 1,855,171  | 1,860,565  | 3,715,736  | 4.66
60–64  | 1,636,510  | 1,706,438  | 3,342,948  | 4.19
65–69  | 1,132,464  | 1,280,073  | 2,412,537  | 3.02
70–74  | 763,121  | 917,371  | 1,680,492  | 2.11
75–79  | 512,607  | 689,443  | 1,202,050  | 1.51
80–84  | 336,206  | 473,119  | 809,325  | 1.01
85–89  | 136,238  | 265,520  | 401,758  | 0.50
90+  | 38,756  | 106,585  | 145,341  | 0.18
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,715,020  | 9,210,762  | 18,925,782  | 23.71
15–64  | 27,409,238  | 26,828,348  | 54,237,586  | 67.95
65+  | 2,919,392  | 3,732,111  | 6,651,503  | 8.33

Structure of the population (31.12.2017):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 40,535,135  | 40,275,390  | 80,810,525  | 100
0–4  | 3,326,591  | 3,155,258  | 6,481,849  | 8.02
5–9  | 3,254,177  | 3,086,592  | 6,340,769  | 7.85
10–14  | 3,188,333  | 3,022,537  | 6,210,870  | 7.69
15–19  | 3,351,043  | 3,175,544  | 6,526,587  | 8.08
20–24  | 3,294,336  | 3,162,174  | 6,456,510  | 7.99
25–29  | 3,163,889  | 3,067,653  | 6,231,542  | 7.71
30–34  | 3,189,075  | 3,107,849  | 6,296,924  | 7.79
35–39  | 3,308,413  | 3,252,283  | 6,560,696  | 8.12
40–44  | 2,891,799  | 2,849,020  | 5,740,819  | 7.10
45–49  | 2,556,364  | 2,498,790  | 5,055,154  | 6.26
50–54  | 2,349,139  | 2,326,316  | 4,675,455  | 5.79
55–59  | 1,977,328  | 1,989,399  | 3,966,727  | 4.91
60–64  | 1,651,215  | 1,720,023  | 3,371,238  | 4.17
65–69  | 1,188,986  | 1,322,918  | 2,511,904  | 3.11
70–74  | 784,614  | 952,653  | 1,737,267  | 2.15
75–79  | 533,757  | 715,428  | 1,249,185  | 1.55
80–84  | 330,240  | 471,436  | 801,676  | 0.99
85–89  | 152,317  | 282,516  | 434,833  | 0.54
90+  | 43,519  | 117,001  | 160,520  | 0.20
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,769,101  | 9,264,387  | 19,033,488  | 23.55
15–64  | 27,732,601  | 27,149,051  | 54,881,652  | 67.91
65+  | 3,033,433  | 3,861,952  | 6,895,385  | 8.53

Structure of the population (31.12.2018):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 41,139,980  | 40,863,902  | 82,003,882  | 100
0–4  | 3,327,780  | 3,157,206  | 6,484,986  | 7.91
5–9  | 3,264,608  | 3,094,412  | 6,358,920  | 7.75
10–14  | 3,254,277  | 3,086,146  | 6,340,423  | 7.73
15–19  | 3,299,449  | 3,124,818  | 6,424,267  | 7.83
20–24  | 3,347,297  | 3,199,832  | 6,547,129  | 7.98
25–29  | 3,190,023  | 3,086,446  | 6,276,469  | 7.65
30–34  | 3,205,205  | 3,127,948  | 6,333,153  | 7.72
35–39  | 3,316,603  | 3,259,469  | 6,576,072  | 8.02
40–44  | 2,953,329  | 2,892,697  | 5,846,026  | 7.13
45–49  | 2,670,183  | 2,640,524  | 5,310,707  | 6.48
50–54  | 2,372,182  | 2,329,142  | 4,701,324  | 5.73
55–59  | 2,076,882  | 2,095,459  | 4,172,341  | 5.09
60–64  | 1,692,130  | 1,753,731  | 3,445,861  | 4.20
65–69  | 1,245,979  | 1,366,228  | 2,612,207  | 3.19
70–74  | 835,353  | 1,021,569  | 1,856,922  | 2.26
75–79  | 539,825  | 722,725  | 1,262,550  | 1.54
80–84  | 318,882  | 474,854  | 793,736  | 0.97
85–89  | 182,957  | 302,957  | 485,914  | 0.59
90+  | 47,136  | 127,739  | 174,875  | 0.21
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,846,565  | 9,337,764  | 19,184,329  | 23.39
15–64  | 28,123,283  | 27,510,066  | 55,633,349  | 67.84
65+  | 3,170,132  | 4,016,072  | 7,186,204  | 8.76

Structure of the population (31.12.2019):

Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 41,721,136  | 41,433,861  | 83,154,997  | 100
0–4  | 3,254,719  | 3,090,417  | 6,345,136  | 7.63
5–9  | 3,316,621  | 3,144,418  | 6,461,039  | 7.77
10–14  | 3,288,207  | 3,117,963  | 6,406,170  | 7.70
15–19  | 3,254,891  | 3,076,703  | 6,331,594  | 7.61
20–24  | 3,392,374  | 3,231,704  | 6,624,078  | 7.97
25–29  | 3,240,657  | 3,126,654  | 6,367,311  | 7.66
30–34  | 3,221,381  | 3,141,636  | 6,363,017  | 7.65
35–39  | 3,324,759  | 3,260,084  | 6,584,843  | 7.92
40–44  | 3,016,898  | 2,950,486  | 5,967,384  | 7.18
45–49  | 2,772,838  | 2,760,721  | 5,533,559  | 6.65
50–54  | 2,367,577  | 2,307,796  | 4,675,373  | 5.62
55–59  | 2,178,454  | 2,211,543  | 4,389,997  | 5.28
60–64  | 1,754,500  | 1,800,269  | 3,554,769  | 4.27
65–69  | 1,301,371  | 1,421,301  | 2,722,672  | 3.27
70–74  | 907,850  | 1,109,063  | 2,016,913  | 2.43
75–79  | 560,695  | 747,604  | 1,308,299  | 1.57
80–84  | 323,732  | 493,998  | 817,730  | 0.98
85–89  | 192,938  | 304,472  | 497,410  | 0.60
90+  | 50,674  | 137,029  | 187,703  | 0.23
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

0–14  | 9,859,547  | 9,352,798  | 19,212,345  | 23.10
15–64  | 28,524,329  | 27,867,596  | 56,391,925  | 67.82
65+  | 3,337,260  | 4,213,467  | 7,550,727  | 9.08

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (31.12.2020):[15]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 41,915,985  | 41,698,377  | 83,614,362  | 100
0–4  | 3,140,172  | 2,981,535  | 6,121,707  | 7.32
5–9  | 3,349,253  | 3,177,340  | 6,526,593  | 7.81
10–14  | 3,294,985  | 3,124,952  | 6,419,937  | 7.68
15–19  | 3,201,588  | 3,028,526  | 6,230,114  | 7.45
20–24  | 3,408,434  | 3,255,202  | 6,663,636  | 7.97
25–29  | 3,240,543  | 3,130,411  | 6,370,954  | 7.62
30–34  | 3,199,710  | 3,119,184  | 6,318,894  | 7.56
35–39  | 3,270,512  | 3,203,071  | 6,473,583  | 7.74
40–44  | 3,145,645  | 3,089,465  | 6,235,110  | 7.46
45–49  | 2,788,035  | 2,775,631  | 5,563,666  | 6.65
50–54  | 2,325,190  | 2,259,442  | 4,584,632  | 5.48
55–59  | 2,273,088  | 2,304,499  | 4,577,587  | 5.47
60–64  | 1,764,938  | 1,809,456  | 3,574,394  | 4.27
65–69  | 1,399,052  | 1,539,663  | 2,938,715  | 3.51
70–74  | 960,742  | 1,170,963  | 2,131,705  | 2.55
75–79  | 583,671  | 771,675  | 1,355,346  | 1.62
80–84  | 339,767  | 521,432  | 861,199  | 1.03
85–89  | 177,532  | 289,216  | 466,748  | 0.56
90+  | 53,128  | 146,714  | 199,842  | 0.24
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 9,784,410  | 9,283,827  | 19,068,237  | 22.80
15–64  | 28,617,683  | 27,974,887  | 56,592,570  | 67.68
65+  | 3,513,892  | 4,439,663  | 7,953,555  | 9.51

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (31.12.2021):[15]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 42,428,101  | 42,252,172  | 84,680,273  | 100
0–4  | 3,033,029  | 2,880,580  | 5,913,609  | 6.98
5–9  | 3,398,812  | 3,225,390  | 6,624,202  | 7.82
10–14  | 3,304,851  | 3,133,301  | 6,438,152  | 7.60
15–19  | 3,203,519  | 3,026,190  | 6,229,709  | 7.36
20–24  | 3,445,410  | 3,296,170  | 6,741,580  | 7.96
25–29  | 3,296,919  | 3,179,980  | 6,476,899  | 7.65
30–34  | 3,212,668  | 3,129,119  | 6,341,787  | 7.49
35–39  | 3,228,063  | 3,158,145  | 6,386,208  | 7.54
40–44  | 3,294,071  | 3,253,091  | 6,547,162  | 7.73
45–49  | 2,838,766  | 2,823,495  | 5,662,261  | 6.69
50–54  | 2,403,726  | 2,350,758  | 4,754,484  | 5.61
55–59  | 2,337,304  | 2,369,876  | 4,707,180  | 5.56
60–64  | 1,776,254  | 1,835,662  | 3,611 916  | 4.27
65–69  | 1,508,990  | 1,647,458  | 3,156,448  | 3.73
70–74  | 982,573  | 1,192,451  | 2,175,024  | 2.57
75–79  | 598,307  | 794,411  | 1,392,718  | 1.64
80–84  | 340,568  | 520,841  | 861,409  | 1.02
85–89  | 169,807  | 286,741  | 456,548  | 0.54
90+  | 54,464  | 148,513  | 202,977  | 0.24
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 9,736,692  | 9,239,271  | 18,975,963  | 22.41
15–64  | 29,036,700  | 28,422,486  | 57,459,186  | 67.85
65+  | 3,654,709  | 4,590,415  | 8,245,124  | 9.74

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (31.12.2022):[15]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 42,704,112  | 42,575,441  | 85,279,553  | 100
0–4  | 2,904,379  | 2,759,241  | 5,663,620  | 6.64
5–9  | 3,404,972  | 3,230,105  | 6,635,077  | 7.78
10–14  | 3,303,371  | 3,133,043  | 6,436,414  | 7.55
15–19  | 3,244,500  | 3,070,609  | 6,315,109  | 7.41
20–24  | 3,388,724  | 3,245,984  | 6,634,708  | 7.78
25–29  | 3,334,439  | 3,218,730  | 6,553,169  | 7.68
30–34  | 3,199,028  | 3,116,019  | 6,315,047  | 7.41
35–39  | 3,215,451  | 3,151,290  | 6,366,741  | 7.47
40–44  | 3,321,873  | 3,284,156  | 6,606,029  | 7.75
45–49  | 2,893,831  | 2,869,703  | 5,763,534  | 6.76
50–54  | 2,543,588  | 2,511,036  | 5,054,624  | 5.93
55–59  | 2,305,846  | 2,321,295  | 4,627,141  | 5.53
60–64  | 1,893,862  | 1,962,809  | 3,856,671  | 4.52
65–69  | 1,523,412  | 1,661,877  | 3,185,289  | 3.74
70–74  | 1,031,897  | 1,232,222  | 2,264,119  | 2.65
75–79  | 617,021  | 827,777  | 1,444,798  | 1.69
80–84  | 353,290  | 540,167  | 893,457  | 1.05
85–89  | 165,676  | 284,407  | 450,083  | 0.53
90+  | 58,952  | 154,971  | 213,923  | 0.25
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 9,612,722  | 9,122,389  | 18,735,111  | 21.97
15–64  | 29,341,142  | 28,751,631  | 58,092,773  | 68.12
65+  | 3,750,248  | 4,701,421  | 8,451,669  | 9.91

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (31.12.2023):[15]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 42,734,071  | 42,638,306  | 85,372,377  | 100
0–4  | 2,741,873  | 2,606,181  | 5,348,054  | 6.26
5–9  | 3,368,825  | 3,197,661  | 6,566,486  | 7.69
10–14  | 3,283,764  | 3,113,329  | 6,397,093  | 7.49
15–19  | 3,283,511  | 3,113,008  | 6,396,519  | 7.49
20–24  | 3,317,007  | 3,158,513  | 6,475,520  | 7.59
25–29  | 3,330,851  | 3,212,210  | 6,543,061  | 7.66
30–34  | 3,172,482  | 3,094,683  | 6,267,165  | 7.34
35–39  | 3,190,762  | 3,138,484  | 6,329,246  | 7.41
40–44  | 3,298,682  | 3,265,956  | 6,564,638  | 7.69
45–49  | 2,932,767  | 2,894,024  | 5,826,791  | 6.83
50–54  | 2,637,680  | 2,634,986  | 5,272,666  | 6.18
55–59  | 2,315,313  | 2,311,209  | 4,626,522  | 5.42
60–64  | 1,980,198  | 2,055,612  | 4,035,810  | 4.73
65–69  | 1,554,059  | 1,686,354  | 3,240,413  | 3.80
70–74  | 1,077,788  | 1,267,553  | 2,345,341  | 2.75
75–79  | 656,329  | 886,599  | 1,542,928  | 1.81
80–84  | 357,820  | 546,603  | 904,423  | 1.06
85–89  | 163,397  | 288,413  | 451,810  | 0.53
90+  | 70,963  | 166,928  | 237,891  | 0.28
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 9,394,462  | 8,917,171  | 18,311,633  | 21.45
15–64  | 29,459,253  | 28,878,685  | 58,337,938  | 68.33
65+  | 3,880,356  | 4,842,450  | 8,722,806  | 10.22

Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (31.12.2024):[15]

Age Group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent

|
|
|
|

Total  | 42,853,110  | 42,811,834  | 85,664,944  | 100
0–4  | 2,606,763  | 2,475,623  | 5,082,386  | 5.93
5–9  | 3,274,360  | 3,110,725  | 6,385,085  | 7.45
10–14  | 3,314,979  | 3,144,115  | 6,459,094  | 7.54
15–19  | 3,298,654  | 3,129,876  | 6,428,530  | 7.50
20–24  | 3,235,130  | 3,099,499  | 6,334,629  | 7.39
25–29  | 3,336,548  | 3,218,069  | 6,554,617  | 7.65
30–34  | 3,182,620  | 3,105,980  | 6,288,600  | 7.34
35–39  | 3,174,570  | 3,125,998  | 6,300,568  | 7.35
40–44  | 3,282,536  | 3,245,656  | 6,528,192  | 7.62
45–49  | 2,979,015  | 2,933,900  | 5,912,915  | 6.90
50–54  | 2,726,368  | 2,739,014  | 5,465,382  | 6.38
55–59  | 2,301,684  | 2,277,880  | 4,579,564  | 5.35
60–64  | 2,072,512  | 2,160,572  | 4,223,084  | 4.93
65–69  | 1,608,416  | 1,725,547  | 3,333,963  | 3.89
70–74  | 1,124,799  | 1,316,670  | 2,441,469  | 2.85
75–79  | 716,554  | 964,063  | 1,680,617  | 1.96
80–84  | 374,066  | 568,407  | 942,473  | 1.10
85–89  | 167,988  | 300,951  | 468,939  | 0.55
90+  | 75,548  | 169,289  | 244,837  | 0.29
Age group  | Male  | Female  | Total  | Percent
0–14  | 9,196,102  | 8,730,463  | 17,926,565  | 20.92
15–64  | 29,589,637  | 29,036,444  | 58,626,081  | 68.44
65+  | 4,067,371  | 5,044,927  | 9,112,298  | 10.64

## Vital statistics

[edit]

### Registered births and deaths

[edit]

| Population (31.12.)  | Live births  | Deaths  | Natural change  | Crude birth rate (per 1000)  | Crude death (per 1000)  | Natural increase (per 1000)  | Crude migration (per 1000)  | Total fertility rate (TFR)

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1990  |  | 1,392,000  | 388,000  | 1,004,000  |  |  |  |  | 3.11
1991  |  | 1,390,000  | 391,000  | 999,000  |  |  |  |  | 3.02
1992  |  | 1,388,000  | 394,000  | 994,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.94
1993  |  | 1,385,000  | 396,000  | 989,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.87
1994  |  | 1,372,000  | 399,000  | 973,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.81
1995  |  | 1,368,000  | 402,000  | 966,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.76
1996  |  | 1,386,000  | 419,000  | 967,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.70
1997  |  | 1,317,000  | 424,000  | 893,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.66
1998  |  | 1,318,000  | 426,000  | 892,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.61
1999  |  | 1,313,000  | 427,000  | 886,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.56
2000  |  | 1,307,000  | 422,000  | 885,000  |  |  |  |  | 2.53
2001  |  | 1,323,341  | 175,137  | 1,148,204  | 20.3  | 6.9  | 13.4  |  | 2.38
2002  |  | 1,229,555  | 175,434  | 1,054,121  | 18.6  | 6.6  | 12.0  |  | 2.17
2003  |  | 1,198,927  | 184,330  | 1,014,597  | 17.9  | 6.3  | 11.6  |  | 2.09
2004  |  | 1,222,484  | 187,086  | 1,035,398  | 18.1  | 6.1  | 12.0  |  | 2.11
2005  |  | 1,244,041  | 197,520  | 1,046,521  | 18.2  | 5.9  | 12.3  |  | 2.12
2006  |  | 1,255,432  | 210,146  | 1,045,286  | 18.1  | 5.7  | 12.4  |  | 2.12
2007  | 70,586,256  | 1,289,992  | 212,731  | 1,077,261  | 18.4  | 5.6  | 12.8  |  | 2.16
2008  | 71,517,100  | 1,295,511  | 215,562  | 1,079,949  | 18.2  | 5.5  | 12.7  | −2.1  | 2.15
2009  | 72,561,312  | 1,266,751  | 369,703  | 897,048  | 17.6  | 5.1  | 12.5  | 2.0  | 2.10
2010  | 73,722,988  | 1,261,169  | 366,471  | 894,698  | 17.2  | 5.0  | 12.2  | 3.6  | 2.08
2011  | 74,724,269  | 1,252,812  | 376,162  | 876,650  | 16.9  | 5.1  | 11.8  | 1.7  | 2.05
2012  | 75,627,384  | 1,294,605  | 376,520  | 918,085  | 17.2  | 5.0  | 12.2  | −0.2  | 2.11
2013  | 76,667,864  | 1,297,505  | 373,041  | 924,464  | 17.0  | 4.9  | 12.1  | 1.5  | 2.11
2014  | 77,695,904  | 1,351,088  | 391,091  | 959,997  | 17.5  | 5.1  | 12.4  | 0.9  | 2.19
2015  | 78,741,053  | 1,336,908  | 405,528  | 931,380  | 17.1  | 5.2  | 11.9  | 1.4  | 2.16
2016  | 79,814,871  | 1,316,204  | 422,964  | 893,240  | 16.6  | 5.3  | 11.3  | 2.3  | 2.11
2017  | 80,810,525  | 1,300,258  | 426,857  | 873,401  | 16.2  | 5.3  | 10.9  | 1.5  | 2.08
2018  | 82,003,882  | 1,257,071  | 426,785  | 830,286  | 15.4  | 5.2  | 10.2  | 4.4  | 2.00
2019  | 83,154,997  | 1,191,709  | 436,624  | 755,085  | 14.4  | 5.3  | 9.1  | 4.8  | 1.89
2020  | 83,614,362  | 1,119,755  | 509,147  | 610,608  | 13.4  | 6.1  | 7.3  | −1.8  | 1.77
2021  | 84,680,273  | 1,085,450  | 566,745  | 518,705  | 12.9  | 6.7  | 6.2  | 6.5  | 1.71
2022  | 85,279,553  | 1,040,860  | 505,465  | 535,395  | 12.2  | 5.9  | 6.3  | 0.8  | 1.63
2023  | 85,372,377  | 961,566  | 526,416  | 435,150  | 11.3  | 6.2  | 5.1  | -4.0  | 1.51
2024  | 85,664,944  | 937,559  | 489,361  | 448,198  | 11.0  | 5.7  | 5.3  | -1.8  | 1.48

Birth statistics of Turkey from 2001 onward are from the Central Population Administrative System (MERNIS) database which is available online.[16] Birth statistics are updated continually because MERNIS has dynamic structure.[17]

In 2022 Turkey had a crude birth rate of 12.2 per 1000, in 2023 11.2, down from 20.3 in 2001. The total fertility rate (TFR) in 2022 was 1.63 children per woman, in 2023 1.51 The crude birth rate in 2023 ranged from 8.9 per 1,000 in West Marmara (TFR 1.35) (8.9;1.81 in 2023), similar to neighbouring Bulgaria, to 19.3 per 1,000 in Southeast Anatolia (TFR 2.45) (20.1;2.75 in 2023), similar to neighbouring Syria. Similarly, in 2023, the TFR ranged from 1.13 in Bartın, to 3.27 in Şanlıurfa.[18] Death statistics from MERNIS are available as of 2009. Mortality data prior to 2009 are incomplete.

### Demographic and Health Surveys

[edit]

Fertility Rate (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and CBR (Crude Birth Rate):[19]

Year  | CBR (Total)  | TFR (Total)  | CBR (Urban)  | TFR (Urban)  | CBR (Rural)  | TFR (Rural)

|
|
|
|
|
|

1993  | 22.9  | 2.7 (1.8)  | 21.7  | 2.4 (1.7)  | 24.0  | 3.1 (2.0)
1998  | 23.4  | 2.61 (1.9)  | 22.8  | 2.39 (1.9)  | 24.7  | 3.08 (2.1)

Total fertility rate by region in Turkey by Turkish General Census (GNS) and Turkish population and health research (TNSA).[20]

| South-East  | East  | Mediterranean  | Black Sea  | Central  | Aegean  | Marmara  | Turkey

|
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TNSA 1978  | \-  | 6.31  | 3.77  | 4.99  | 4.26  | \-  | 2.89  | 4.33
GNS 1980  | 4.61  | 4.64  | 3.50  | 3.65  | 3.76  | 2.81  | 2.73  | 3.41
TNSA 1993  | \-  | 4.40  | 2.37  | 3.15  | 2.44  | \-  | 2.03  | 2.65
TNSA 1998  | \-  | 4.19  | 2.55  | 2.68  | 2.56  | \-  | 2.03  | 2.61
GNS 2000  | 4.31  | 3.72  | 2.43  | 2.28  | 2.29  | 1.96  | 1.88  | 2.53
TNSA 2003  | \-  | 3.65  | 2.30  | 1.94  | 1.86  | \-  | 1.88  | 2.23

Fertility rate in Turkey as per GNS (2000) for Rural, Urban and Metropolitan areas.

| South-East  | East  | Mediterranean  | Black Sea  | Central  | Aegean  | Marmara  | Turkey

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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GNS rural 2000  | 4.80  | 4.52  | 2.52  | 2.56  | 2.91  | 2.23  | 2.03  | 2.87
GNS urban 2000  | 4.05  | 3.08  | 2.38  | 2.01  | 2.05  | 1.80  | 1.85  | 2.20
GNS metropolitan 2000  | 3.81  | 2.34  | 2.41  | 1.87  | 1.89  | 1.60  | 1.83  | 2.03

### UN estimates

[edit]

The 2018 figures from the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs:[21]

Period  | Live births per year  | Deaths per year  | Natural change per year  | CBR[a] | CDR[a] | NC[a] | TFR[a] | IMR[a]

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

1950–1955  | 1,127,000  | 551,000  | 677,000  | 48.4  | 18.8  | 29.6  | 6.69  | 167.4
1955–1960  | 1,216,000  | 564,000  | 752,000  | 46.9  | 18.4  | 28.5  | 6.5  | 163.9
1960–1965  | 1,277,000  | 547,000  | 799,000  | 44.3  | 17.6  | 26.7  | 6.2  | 160.5
1965–1970  | 1,343,000  | 527,000  | 792,000  | 40.3  | 16.7  | 23.6  | 5.80  | 156.9
1970–1975  | 1,451,000  | 523,000  | 887,000  | 38.7  | 15.0  | 23.7  | 5.39  | 141.3
1975–1980  | 1,497,000  | 505,000  | 977,000  | 36.4  | 13.0  | 23.4  | 4.69  | 119.4
1980–1985  | 1,527,000  | 481,000  | 1,074,000  | 33.8  | 10.8  | 23.0  | 4.11  | 96.7
1985–1990  | 1,431,000  | 454,000  | 976,000  | 27.7  | 8.8  | 18.9  | 3.39  | 78.0
1990–1995  | 1,375,000  | 438,000  | 987,000  | 25.1  | 7.7  | 17.4  | 3.11  | 63.0
1995–2000  | 1,389,000  | 418,000  | 983,000  | 22.8  | 6.9  | 15.9  | 2.76  | 45.5
2000–2005  | 1,345,000  | 404,000  | 923,000  | 20.5  | 6.2  | 14.3  | 2.50  | 31.4
2005–2010  | 1,309,000  | 415,000  | 932,000  | 18.7  | 5.9  | 12.8  | 2.27  | 24.0
2010–2015  | 1,302,000  | 439,000  | 914,000  | 17.3  | 5.8  | 11.5  | 2.15  | 13.0
2015–2020  | 1,281,000  | 473,000  | 808,000  | 15.8  | 5.8  | 10.0  | 2.10  |
2020–2025  | 1,242,000  | 509,000  | 733,000  | 14.6  | 6.0  | 8.6  | 2.04  |
2025–2030  | 1,191,000  | 543,000  | 648,000  | 13.6  | 6.2  | 7.4  | 2.01  |

1. ^ a b c d e CBR = crude birth rate (per 1000); CDR = crude death rate (per 1000); NC = natural change (per 1000); TFR = total fertility rate (number of children per woman); IMR = infant mortality rate per 1000 births

### Life expectancy

[edit]

Main article: List of Turkish provinces by life expectancy

Life expectancy at birth in Turkey since 1937 Life expectancy in Turkey by gender since 1960 Life expectancy in Turkish provinces in 2021-2023 Life expectancy in Turkey according to the UN[22] Period  | Life expectancy in
Years  | Period  | Life expectancy in
Years

|
|
|

1950–1955  | 41.01  | 1985–1990  | 63.04
1955–1960  | 43.69  | 1990–1995  | 65.49
1960–1965  | 47.22  | 1995–2000  | 68.49
1965–1970  | 50.78  | 2000–2005  | 71.37
1970–1975  | 53.75  | 2005–2010  | 73.37
1975–1980  | 57.05  | 2010–2015  | 74.83
1980–1985  | 60.22  | 2015–2020  | 77.31

### Regional data

[edit]

#### Birth and death rates

[edit]

Birth and Death Rate by Region and Year

Birth Rate by Region and Year[a] Region | Population (2024) | Birth Rate (TFR)/2024 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2023 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2022 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2021 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2020 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2019 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2018 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2017 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2016 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2015 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2014 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2013 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2012 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2011 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2010 | Birth Rate (TFR)/2009

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Turkey | 85 664 944 | 11.0 (1.48) | 11.3 (1.51) | 12.2 (1.63) | 12.9 (1.71) | 13.4 (1.77) | 14.4 (1.89) | 15.4 (2.00) | 16.2 (2.08) | 16.6 (2.11) | 17.1 (2.16) | 17.5 (2.19) | 17.0 (2.11) | 17.2 (2.11) | 16.9 (2.05) | 17.2 (2.08) | 17.6 (2.10)
İstanbul | 15 701 602 | 9.9 (1.20) | 10.0 (1.21) | 10.8 (1.30) | 11.6 (1.39) | 12.4 (1.49) | 13.6 (1.61) | 14.8 (1.73) | 15.6 (1.80) | 16.3 (1.86) | 16.7 (1.88) | 17.0 (1.89) | 16.4 (1.81) | 16.5 (1.80) | 15.9 (1.72) | 16.3 (1.77) | 16.4 (1.77)
West Marmara | 3 832 502 | 8.7 (1.31) | 9.0 (1.35) | 9.4 (1.41) | 9.6 (1.43) | 10.1 (1.50) | 10.7 (1.57) | 11.5 (1.67) | 11.8 (1.70) | 11.9 (1.69) | 12.0 (1.69) | 12.1 (1.69) | 11.9 (1.64) | 11.9 (1.63) | 11.6 (1.57) | 11.5 (1.54) | 11.7 (1.54)
Aegean | 10 974 357 | 8.7 (1.28) | 9.2 (1.34) | 9.8 (1.41) | 10.2 (1.45) | 10.7 (1.50) | 11.4 (1.58) | 12.2 (1.68) | 12.9 (1.75) | 13.2 (1.76) | 13.6 (1.80) | 13.8 (1.80) | 13.4 (1.73) | 13.7 (1.74) | 13.2 (1.66) | 13.3 (1.66) | 13.7 (1.69)
East Marmara | 8 676 119 | 10.0 (1.36) | 10.4 (1.41) | 11.1 (1.48) | 11.8 (1.56) | 12.2 (1.61) | 13.2 (1.72) | 14.2 (1.84) | 14.6 (1.87) | 15.0 (1.89) | 15.2 (1.90) | 15.3 (1.88) | 14.8 (1.80) | 15.0 (1.80) | 14.5 (1.71) | 14.8 (1.74) | 15.2 (1.77)
West Anatolia | 8 456 864 | 9.8 (1.28) | 10.2 (1.34) | 11.0 (1.43) | 11.4 (1.48) | 12.1 (1.55) | 13.0 (1.66) | 14.1 (1.78) | 14.7 (1.84) | 15.1 (1.87) | 15.5 (1.90) | 15.8 (1.91) | 15.4 (1.85) | 15.4 (1.83) | 15.2 (1.79) | 15.4 (1.80) | 15.8 (1.83)
Mediterranean | 10 936 452 | 10.9 (1.55) | 11.1 (1.57) | 12.3 (1.72) | 12.8 (1.77) | 13.3 (1.84) | 14.3 (1.96) | 15.4 (2.08) | 16.3 (2.18) | 17.0 (2.24) | 17.5 (2.29) | 18.0 (2.32) | 17.6 (2.24) | 17.8 (2.23) | 17.3 (2.14) | 17.8 (2.18) | 18.3 (2.20)
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359 | 10.2 (1.43) | 10.4 (1.45) | 11.4 (1.57) | 11.8 (1.62) | 12.4 (1.68) | 13.2 (1.80) | 14.1 (1.89) | 14.9 (1.99) | 15.4 (2.05) | 15.8 (2.09) | 16.4 (2.14) | 16.0 (2.06) | 16.3 (2.07) | 16.4 (2.06) | 16.7 (2.08) | 17.6 (2.16)
West Black Sea | 4 711 687 | 8.2 (1.27) | 8.4 (1.28) | 9.0 (1.36) | 9.4 (1.42) | 9.8 (1.47) | 10.6 (1.57) | 11.2 (1.63) | 11.6 (1.67) | 11.9 (1.69) | 12.2 (1.73) | 12.7 (1.77) | 12.8 (1.76) | 13.0 (1.77) | 13.0 (1.74) | 13.6 (1.79) | 14.2 (1.84)
East Black Sea | 2 707 777 | 8.4 (1.30) | 8.8 (1.34) | 9.4 (1.40) | 9.8 (1.46) | 10.3 (1.52) | 11.0 (1.61) | 11.6 (1.69) | 12.0 (1.73) | 12.3 (1.77) | 12.5 (1.78) | 12.8 (1.81) | 12.8 (1.77) | 13.0 (1.78) | 13.1 (1.77) | 13.6 (1.81) | 14.1 (1.86)
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232 | 13.0 (1.68) | 13.7 (1.75) | 15.1 (1.93) | 16.5 (2.11) | 17.1 (2.19) | 18.4 (2.36) | 19.1 (2.45) | 20.6 (2.64) | 21.2 (2.72) | 21.7 (2.79) | 22.7 (2.90) | 22.4 (2.85) | 22.8 (2.90) | 22.9 (2.90) | 23.4 (2.97) | 23.1 (2.91)
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707 | 14.0 (1.78) | 14.3 (1.81) | 16.0 (2.02) | 16.9 (2.12) | 17.8 (2.23) | 19.3 (2.43) | 20.0 (2.52) | 21.1 (2.65) | 21.2 (2.67) | 21.9 (2.75) | 23.0 (2.87) | 22.6 (2.82) | 22.5 (2.82) | 22.9 (2.85) | 23.6 (2.95) | 23.9 (3.00)
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286 | 19.1 (2.44) | 19.3 (2.46) | 21.5 (2.72) | 22.7 (2.87) | 22.5 (2.85) | 23.9 (3.03) | 25.5 (3.23) | 26.6 (3.36) | 26.7 (3.38) | 27.8 (3.52) | 28.7 (3.63) | 27.6 (3.48) | 28.0 (3.53) | 27.7 (3.48) | 28.2 (3.57) | 28.3 (3.59)
Death Rate by Region and Year[a] Region | Population (2024) | Death Rate (2024) | Death Rate (2023) | Death Rate (2022) | Death Rate (2021) | Death Rate (2020) | Death Rate (2019) | Death Rate (2018) | Death Rate (2017) | Death Rate (2016) | Death Rate (2015) | Death Rate (2014) | Death Rate (2013) | Death Rate (2012) | Death Rate (2011) | Death Rate (2010) | Death Rate (2009)

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Turkey | 85 664 944 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.1
İstanbul | 15 701 602 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 4.9 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 3.9 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.0 | 4.2
West Marmara | 3 832 502 | 8.4 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 9.8 | 8.1 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 7.7 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 7.3
Aegean | 10 974 357 | 7.3 | 7.1 | 7.7 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.0
East Marmara | 8 676 119 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6
West Anatolia | 8 456 864 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.7 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.8
Mediterranean | 10 936 452 | 5.6 | 8.5 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.6 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 4.5
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 7.1 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.7
West Black Sea | 4 711 687 | 8.1 | 8.1 | 8.8 | 9.9 | 8.5 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 7.4 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.8 | 7.0
East Black Sea | 2 707 777 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.4
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.1
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707 | 4.2 | 4.5 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.1 | 4.0 | 4.2 | 4.2 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.5 | 4.4 | 4.5
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 3.5 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 3.5 | 3.3 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 3.8

#### Regional births and deaths

[edit]

Absolute Births and Deaths by Region and Year

Absolute Births by Region and Year[a] Region | Population (2024) | Births (2024) | Births (2023) | Births (2022) | Births (2021) | Births (2020) | Births (2019) | Births (2018) | Births (2017) | Births (2016) | Births (2015) | Births (2014) | Births (2013) | Births (2012) | Births (2011) | Births (2010) | Births (2009) | Births (2008) | Births (2007) | Births (2006) | Births (2005) | Births (2004) | Births (2003) | Births (2002) | Births (2001)

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Turkey | 85 664 944 | 937,559 | 961,566 | 1,040,860 | 1,085,450 | 1,119,755 | 1,191,709 | 1,257,071 | 1,300,258 | 1,316,204 | 1,336,908 | 1,351,088 | 1,297,505 | 1,294,605 | 1,252,812 | 1,261,169 | 1,266,751 | 1,295,511 | 1,289,992 | 1,255,432 | 1,244,041 | 1,222,484 | 1,198,927 | 1,229,555 | 1,323,341
İstanbul | 15 701 602 | 154,550 | 157,378 | 171,187 | 181,197 | 192,857 | 208,685 | 223,223 | 233,220 | 240,027 | 242,888 | 242,397 | 229,390 | 226,594 | 213,441 | 213,821 | 210,441 | 226,109 | 222,060 | 207,872 | 205,241 | 197,065 | 187,823 | 182,003 | 188,549
West Marmara | 3 832 502 | 33,067 | 33,872 | 34,909 | 35,104 | 36,554 | 38,191 | 40,590 | 40,933 | 40,495 | 40,391 | 40,138 | 38,806 | 38,517 | 37,058 | 36,284 | 36,400 | 36,411 | 36,643 | 35,651 | 35,155 | 34,312 | 33,156 | 33,733 | 36,988
Aegean | 10 974 357 | 95,526 | 100,629 | 106,687 | 109,755 | 113,681 | 120,198 | 127,652 | 132,868 | 134,176 | 137,187 | 137,438 | 132,299 | 133,419 | 127,833 | 128,112 | 129,927 | 135,479 | 135,506 | 129,660 | 127,627 | 124,388 | 119,110 | 120,964 | 133,182
East Marmara | 8 676 119 | 86,390 | 89,353 | 93,615 | 97,746 | 100,069 | 106,173 | 112,197 | 113,462 | 113,585 | 112,635 | 111,115 | 105,761 | 105,203 | 99,704 | 100,386 | 100,928 | 101,848 | 99,483 | 93,125 | 90,140 | 88,121 | 85,016 | 87,245 | 95,562
West Anatolia | 8 456 864 | 82,300 | 85,592 | 91,109 | 93,960 | 98,268 | 104,723 | 111,434 | 115,079 | 116,456 | 117,694 | 117,405 | 112,593 | 111,279 | 108,026 | 106,921 | 107,734 | 115,491 | 114,063 | 108,092 | 106,790 | 102,151 | 99,888 | 100,871 | 107,714
Mediterranean | 10 936 452 | 118,218 | 121,634 | 134,792 | 138,397 | 142,755 | 151,165 | 159,781 | 166,815 | 171,561 | 174,874 | 177,272 | 170,686 | 169,985 | 163,817 | 166,123 | 167,506 | 173,576 | 170,512 | 165,986 | 162,685 | 155,983 | 153,491 | 154,160 | 168,391
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359 | 42,414 | 43,314 | 46,952 | 48,417 | 50,458 | 53,929 | 56,569 | 58,933 | 60,381 | 61,569 | 63,446 | 61,669 | 62,634 | 62,989 | 64,216 | 67,174 | 67,033 | 68,239 | 68,476 | 68,020 | 67,929 | 67,222 | 71,697 | 79,713
West Black Sea | 4 711 687 | 38,651 | 39,340 | 41,949 | 43,955 | 45,809 | 49,629 | 51,719 | 52,779 | 53,722 | 54,995 | 57,099 | 57,369 | 58,377 | 58,511 | 61,393 | 63,972 | 63,456 | 64,389 | 63,668 | 65,659 | 68,199 | 69,885 | 76,942 | 86,266
East Black Sea | 2 707 777 | 22,920 | 23,993 | 25,181 | 26,256 | 27,717 | 29,658 | 31,024 | 31,556 | 32,092 | 32,144 | 32,817 | 32,558 | 32,774 | 32,836 | 34,272 | 35,565 | 34,101 | 34,534 | 34,157 | 34,216 | 36,354 | 38,340 | 42,090 | 46,843
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232 | 28,096 | 29,531 | 32,755 | 36,047 | 37,601 | 40,651 | 41,932 | 45,262 | 46,609 | 47,720 | 49,996 | 49,605 | 50,781 | 50,779 | 51,578 | 50,778 | 47,677 | 49,640 | 51,435 | 52,908 | 54,722 | 56,050 | 59,391 | 63,135
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707 | 54,497 | 56,013 | 63,110 | 66,513 | 70,108 | 75,817 | 77,904 | 81,133 | 81,298 | 83,682 | 87,027 | 84,963 | 84,018 | 84,344 | 86,055 | 86,812 | 84,725 | 86,348 | 87,951 | 88,721 | 92,235 | 90,526 | 94,643 | 100,609
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286 | 180,930 | 180,917 | 198,614 | 208,103 | 203,878 | 212,890 | 223,029 | 228,218 | 225,802 | 231,129 | 234,938 | 221,806 | 221,024 | 213,474 | 212,008 | 209,514 | 209,605 | 208,575 | 209,359 | 206,879 | 201,025 | 198,420 | 205,816 | 216,389
Absolute Deaths by Region and Year[a] Region | Population (2024) | Deaths (2024) | Deaths (2023) | Deaths (2022) | Deaths (2021) | Deaths (2020) | Deaths (2019) | Deaths (2018) | Deaths (2017) | Deaths (2016) | Deaths (2015) | Deaths (2014) | Deaths (2013) | Deaths (2012) | Deaths (2011) | Deaths (2010) | Deaths (2009)

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Turkey | 85 664 944 | 489,361 | 526,416 | 505,465 | 566,745 | 509,147 | 436,624 | 426,785 | 426,857 | 422,964 | 405,528 | 391,091 | 373,041 | 376,520 | 376,162 | 366,471 | 369,703
İstanbul | 15 701 602 | 71,248 | 70,020 | 73,888 | 84,288 | 76,421 | 63,486 | 62,594 | 63,389 | 62,572 | 60,093 | 58,009 | 54,770 | 54,696 | 53,165 | 52,812 | 53,761
West Marmara | 3 832 502 | 32,191 | 31,194 | 33,335 | 35,757 | 29,389 | 27,589 | 27,456 | 27,222 | 26,416 | 26,145 | 24,864 | 23,229 | 23,496 | 23,167 | 23,007 | 22,687
Aegean | 10 974 357 | 80,310 | 78,053 | 83,188 | 87,919 | 79,807 | 71,047 | 68,644 | 68,480 | 67,699 | 64,844 | 61,126 | 57,651 | 60,234 | 59,623 | 56,658 | 57,068
East Marmara | 8 676 119 | 52,303 | 50,468 | 53,665 | 60,306 | 51,540 | 45,264 | 44,858 | 44,254 | 43,628 | 41,991 | 40,007 | 38,291 | 38,220 | 38,094 | 37,526 | 37,379
West Anatolia | 8 456 864 | 44,666 | 44,772 | 45,827 | 51,281 | 50,005 | 39,814 | 39,382 | 38,917 | 37,765 | 35,814 | 34,589 | 33,219 | 33,369 | 33,097 | 32,270 | 32,976
Mediterranean | 10 936 452 | 61,181 | 92,765 | 62,717 | 69,866 | 61,599 | 52,801 | 50,776 | 50,548 | 50,229 | 47,411 | 45,439 | 43,949 | 43,404 | 42,900 | 41,834 | 41,264
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359 | 26,971 | 26,323 | 27,487 | 31,871 | 28,805 | 24,198 | 23,890 | 24,009 | 23,914 | 23,086 | 22,379 | 21,238 | 21,049 | 21,873 | 21,299 | 21,582
West Black Sea | 4 711 687 | 38,454 | 38,231 | 40,948 | 46,107 | 39,596 | 35,366 | 34,984 | 34,756 | 34,359 | 33,355 | 32,772 | 31,011 | 31,476 | 31,651 | 30,541 | 31,279
East Black Sea | 2 707 777 | 21,240 | 20,733 | 23,375 | 25,909 | 21,344 | 19,345 | 18,606 | 19,186 | 18,339 | 17,672 | 17,292 | 15,996 | 16,504 | 16,266 | 15,574 | 16,158
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232 | 11,076 | 10,707 | 11,358 | 13,381 | 12,568 | 10,779 | 10,900 | 10,930 | 11,020 | 11,013 | 10,787 | 10,667 | 11,052 | 11,870 | 10,955 | 11,154
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707 | 16,279 | 17,572 | 16,990 | 20,482 | 19,989 | 15,969 | 15,530 | 16,132 | 16,132 | 15,685 | 15,441 | 15,430 | 15,419 | 16,551 | 16,114 | 16,491
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286 | 33,442 | 45,578 | 32,687 | 39,578 | 38,084 | 30,966 | 29,165 | 29,034 | 30,891 | 28,419 | 28,386 | 27,590 | 27,601 | 27,905 | 27,881 | 27,904

#### Regional natural increase

[edit]

Natural Increase by Region and Year

Natural Increase by Region and Year[a] Region | Population (2024) | Natural Increase (2024) | Natural Increase (2023) | Natural Increase (2022) | Natural Increase (2021) | Natural Increase (2020) | Natural Increase (2019) | Natural Increase (2018) | Natural Increase (2017) | Natural Increase (2016) | Natural Increase (2015) | Natural Increase (2014) | Natural Increase (2013) | Natural Increase (2012) | Natural Increase (2011) | Natural Increase (2010) | Natural Increase (2009)

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Turkey | 85 664 944 | 448 198/5.3 | 435 150/5.1 | 535 395/6.3 | 518 705/6.2 | 610 608/7.3 | 755 085/9.1 | 830 286/10.2 | 873 401/10.9 | 893 240/11.3 | 931 380/11.9 | 959 997/12.4 | 924 464/12.1 | 918 085/12.2 | 876 650/11.8 | 894 698/12.2 | 897 048/12.5
İstanbul | 15 701 602 | 83 302/5.4 | 87 358/5.6 | 97 299/6.1 | 96 909/6.2 | 116 436/7.5 | 145 119/9.4 | 160 629/10.6 | 169 831/11.4 | 177 455/12.0 | 182 795/12.6 | 184 388/12.9 | 174 620/12.5 | 171 898/12.5 | 160 276/11.9 | 161 009/12.3 | 156 680/12.2
West Marmara | 3 832 502 | 876/0.3 | 2 678/0.7 | 1 574/0.4 | −653/−0.2 | 7 165/2.0 | 10 602/3.0 | 13 151/3.7 | 13 711/4.0 | 14 079/4.2 | 14 246/4.2 | 15 274/4.6 | 15 577/4.8 | 15 021/4.6 | 13 891/4.3 | 13 277/4.2 | 13 713/4.4
Aegean | 10 974 357 | 15 216/1.4 | 22 576/2.1 | 23 499/2.1 | 21 836/2.0 | 33 874/3.2 | 49 151/4.7 | 59 008/5.6 | 64 388/6.3 | 66 477/6.6 | 72 343/7.2 | 76 312/7.7 | 74 648/7.5 | 73 185/7.5 | 68 210/7.0 | 71 454/7.4 | 72 859/7.7
East Marmara | 8 676 119 | 34 087/3.9 | 38 885/4.5 | 39 950/4.7 | 37 440/4.5 | 48 529/5.9 | 60 909/7.6 | 67 339/8.5 | 69 208/8.9 | 69 957/9.3 | 70 644/9.5 | 71 108/9.8 | 67 470/9.4 | 66 983/9.5 | 61 610/9.0 | 62 860/9.3 | 63 549/9.6
West Anatolia | 8 456 864 | 37 634/4.5 | 40 820/4.8 | 45 282/5.5 | 42 679/5.2 | 48 263/6.0 | 64 909/8.0 | 72 052/9.1 | 76 162/9.7 | 78 691/10.2 | 81 880/10.8 | 82 816/11.1 | 79 374/10.9 | 77 910/10.8 | 74 929/10.5 | 74 651/10.8 | 74 758/11.0
Mediterranean | 10 936 452 | 57 037/5.3 | 28 869/2.6 | 72 075/6.6 | 68 531/6.3 | 81 156/7.5 | 98 364/9.3 | 109 005/10.5 | 116 267/11.4 | 121 332/12.0 | 127 463/12.7 | 131 833/13.4 | 126 737/13.1 | 126 581/13.3 | 120 917/12.8 | 124 289/13.3 | 126 242/13.8
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359 | 15 443/3.7 | 16 991/4.1 | 19 465/4.7 | 16 546/4.0 | 21 653/5.3 | 29 731/7.3 | 32 679/8.2 | 34 924/8.8 | 36 467/9.3 | 38 483/9.9 | 41 067/10.6 | 40 431/10.5 | 41 585/10.8 | 41 116/10.7 | 42 917/11.2 | 45 592/11.9
West Black Sea | 4 711 687 | 197/0.1 | 1 109/0.3 | 1 001/0.2 | −2 152/−0.5 | 6 213/1.3 | 14 263/3.0 | 16 735/3.6 | 18 023/4.0 | 19 363/4.3 | 21 640/4.8 | 24 327/5.4 | 26 358/5.9 | 26 901/6.0 | 26 860/6.0 | 30 852/6.8 | 32 693/7.2
East Black Sea | 2 707 777 | 1 680/0.6 | 3 260/1.2 | 1 806/0.7 | 347/0.2 | 6 373/2.3 | 10 313/3.8 | 12 418/4.6 | 12 370/4.7 | 13 753/5.3 | 14 472/5.6 | 15 525/6.0 | 16 562/6.5 | 16 270/6.5 | 16 570/6.6 | 18 698/7.4 | 19 407/7.7
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232 | 17 020/7.9 | 18 824/8.8 | 21 397/9.9 | 22 666/10.4 | 25 033/11.4 | 29 872/13.5 | 31 032/14.1 | 34 332/15.6 | 35 589/16.2 | 36 707/16.7 | 39 209/17.8 | 38 938/17.6 | 39 729/17.8 | 38 909/17.5 | 40 623/18.4 | 39 624/18.0
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707 | 38 218/9.8 | 38 441/9.8 | 46 120/11.7 | 46 031/11.7 | 50 119/12.7 | 59 848/15.2 | 62 374/16.0 | 65 001/16.9 | 65 166/17.0 | 67 997/17.8 | 71 586/18.9 | 69 533/18.5 | 68 599/18.4 | 67 793/18.4 | 69 941/19.2 | 70 321/19.4
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286 | 147 488/15.6 | 135 339/14.4 | 165 927/18.0 | 168 525/18.4 | 165 794/18.3 | 181 924/20.4 | 193 864/22.2 | 199 184/23.2 | 194 911/23.0 | 202 710/24.4 | 206 552/25.2 | 194 216/24.2 | 193 423/24.5 | 185 569/24.1 | 184 127/24.5 | 181 610/24.5

#### Regional total fertility rate (TFR)

[edit]

Total fertility rate (TFR) by province and year

Figures from Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat):[23]

Turkey total fertility rate by province (2024)[23]

3–4

2–3

1.5 – 2

1 – 1.5

Total fertility rate by province 1980[23]

5–6

4–5

3–4

2–3

1.5 – 2

1 – 1.5

Total fertility rate by province (2013)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2014)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2015)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2019)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2020)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2021)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2022)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2023)[23] Total fertility rate by province (2024)[23] Total fertility rate development by province 2009–2015[23]

> 12%

8 to 12%

4 to 8%

0 to 4%

−4 to 0%

−8 to −4%

−12 to −8%

< −12%

Province  | Population (2024)[24] | TFR (1980)[20] | TFR (1990)[25] | TFR (2000)[26] | TFR (2009)  | TFR (2010)  | TFR (2011)  | TFR (2012)  | TFR (2013)  | TFR (2014)  | TFR (2015)  | TFR (2016)  | TFR (2017)  | TFR (2018)  | TFR (2019)  | TFR (2020)  | TFR (2021)  | TFR (2022)  | TFR (2023)  | TFR (2024)

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Turkey | 85 664 944  | 3.41 | 2.65 | 2.53 | 2.10 | 2.08 | 2.05 | 2.11 | 2.11 | 2.19 | 2.16 | 2.11 | 2.08 | 2.00 | 1.89 | 1.77 | 1.71 | 1.63 | 1.51 | 1.48
İstanbul | 15 701 602  | 2.69 | 2.08 | 1.97 | 1.77 | 1.77 | 1.72 | 1.80 | 1.81 | 1.89 | 1.88 | 1.86 | 1.80 | 1.73 | 1.61 | 1.49 | 1.39 | 1.30 | 1.21 | 1.20
West Marmara | 3 832 502  |  |  |  | 1.54 | 1.54 | 1.57 | 1.63 | 1.64 | 1.69 | 1.69 | 1.69 | 1.70 | 1.67 | 1.57 | 1.50 | 1.43 | 1.41 | 1.35 | 1.31
Tekirdağ | 1 187 162  |  | 2.09  | 1.83  | 1.69  | 1.67  | 1.72  | 1.79  | 1.82  | 1.88  | 1.94  | 1.93  | 1.94  | 1.93  | 1.78  | 1.65  | 1.59  | 1.53  | 1.46  | 1.42
Edirne | 421 247  | 2.41  | 1.82  | 1.66  | 1.43  | 1.39  | 1.45  | 1.51  | 1.49  | 1.46  | 1.54  | 1.49  | 1.47  | 1.44  | 1.34  | 1.35  | 1.31  | 1.31  | 1.23  | 1.22
Kırklareli | 379 031  |  | 1.94  | 1.70  | 1.38  | 1.39  | 1.35  | 1.45  | 1.45  | 1.56  | 1.56  | 1.49  | 1.54  | 1.49  | 1.44  | 1.40  | 1.30  | 1.31  | 1.25  | 1.21
Balıkesir | 1 276 096  | 2.42  | 2.09  | 1.95  | 1.53  | 1.56  | 1.58  | 1.62  | 1.66  | 1.72  | 1.66  | 1.67  | 1.67  | 1.63  | 1.54  | 1.49  | 1.42  | 1.42  | 1.36  | 1.32
Çanakkale | 568 966  | 2.53  | 1.91  | 1.68  | 1.50  | 1.44  | 1.53  | 1.58  | 1.52  | 1.57  | 1.55  | 1.56  | 1.58  | 1.57  | 1.47  | 1.40  | 1.32  | 1.28  | 1.30  | 1.22
Aegean | 10 974 357  | 2.81 |  | 1.96 | 1.69 | 1.66 | 1.66 | 1.74 | 1.73 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.76 | 1.75 | 1.68 | 1.58 | 1.50 | 1.45 | 1.41 | 1.34 | 1.28
İzmir | 4 493 242  | 2.52  | 2.00  | 1.75  | 1.57  | 1.54  | 1.56  | 1.66  | 1.64  | 1.72  | 1.73  | 1.69  | 1.67  | 1.60  | 1.49  | 1.40  | 1.36  | 1.32  | 1.23  | 1.17
Aydın | 1 165 943  |  | 2.13  | 2.12  | 1.74  | 1.71  | 1.69  | 1.82  | 1.79  | 1.84  | 1.86  | 1.83  | 1.88  | 1.79  | 1.68  | 1.58  | 1.55  | 1.49  | 1.42  | 1.37
Denizli | 1 061 371  |  | 2.32  | 2.19  | 1.73  | 1.66  | 1.70  | 1.74  | 1.76  | 1.87  | 1.86  | 1.81  | 1.80  | 1.72  | 1.62  | 1.56  | 1.50  | 1.48  | 1.41  | 1.35
Muğla | 1 081 867  |  | 2.04  | 1.94  | 1.71  | 1.70  | 1.67  | 1.76  | 1.73  | 1.76  | 1.77  | 1.74  | 1.71  | 1.66  | 1.55  | 1.50  | 1.44  | 1.35  | 1.29  | 1.23
Manisa | 1 475 353  |  | 2.24  | 2.14  | 1.78  | 1.77  | 1.79  | 1.86  | 1.89  | 1.94  | 1.93  | 1.91  | 1.87  | 1.84  | 1.75  | 1.69  | 1.64  | 1.62  | 1.57  | 1.48
Afyonkarahisar | 750 193  | 3.74  | 3.51  | 2.82  | 2.06  | 2.01  | 2.01  | 2.03  | 1.98  | 2.09  | 2.08  | 2.01  | 1.97  | 1.89  | 1.84  | 1.75  | 1.67  | 1.62  | 1.54  | 1.47
Kütahya | 571 078  |  | 2.29  | 2.19  | 1.55  | 1.60  | 1.53  | 1.55  | 1.52  | 1.58  | 1.59  | 1.52  | 1.51  | 1.43  | 1.34  | 1.32  | 1.21  | 1.18  | 1.16  | 1.24
Uşak | 375 310  |  | 2.23  | 2.18  | 1.64  | 1.67  | 1.64  | 1.74  | 1.76  | 1.80  | 1.75  | 1.69  | 1.70  | 1.60  | 1.51  | 1.45  | 1.38  | 1.39  | 1.33  | 1.24
East Marmara | 8 676 119  |  |  |  | 1.77 | 1.74 | 1.71 | 1.80 | 1.80 | 1.88 | 1.90 | 1.89 | 1.87 | 1.84 | 1.72 | 1.61 | 1.56 | 1.48 | 1.41 | 1.36
Bursa | 3 238 618  |  | 2.03  | 1.98  | 1.78  | 1.77  | 1.73  | 1.85  | 1.85  | 1.90  | 1.92  | 1.91  | 1.89  | 1.87  | 1.75  | 1.65  | 1.57  | 1.48  | 1.41  | 1.37
Eskişehir | 921 630  |  | 1.96  | 1.74  | 1.40  | 1.38  | 1.38  | 1.46  | 1.48  | 1.57  | 1.56  | 1.54  | 1.55  | 1.50  | 1.41  | 1.35  | 1.35  | 1.30  | 1.20  | 1.12
Bilecik | 228 495  |  | 2.05  | 1.98  | 1.71  | 1.67  | 1.63  | 1.75  | 1.77  | 1.78  | 1.72  | 1.74  | 1.70  | 1.69  | 1.62  | 1.50  | 1.45  | 1.40  | 1.39  | 1.37
Kocaeli | 2 130 006  | 3.23  | 2.31  | 2.13  | 1.90  | 1.87  | 1.82  | 1.91  | 1.91  | 2.04  | 2.07  | 2.05  | 2.02  | 1.97  | 1.86  | 1.70  | 1.66  | 1.58  | 1.49  | 1.42
Sakarya | 1 110 735  |  | 2.35  | 2,23  | 1.87  | 1.82  | 1.78  | 1.85  | 1.83  | 1.91  | 1.94  | 1.95  | 1.95  | 1.95  | 1.81  | 1.69  | 1.68  | 1.56  | 1.53  | 1.44
Düzce | 412 344  |  | not a province  | 2.18  | 1.87  | 1.83  | 1.82  | 1.81  | 1.87  | 1.90  | 1.86  | 1.90  | 1.84  | 1.78  | 1.72  | 1.60  | 1.50  | 1.49  | 1.43  | 1.43
Bolu | 326 409  |  | 2.40  | 1.93  | 1.60  | 1.57  | 1.64  | 1.59  | 1.64  | 1.66  | 1.60  | 1.62  | 1.57  | 1.52  | 1.47  | 1.36  | 1.37  | 1.32  | 1.24  | 1.27
Yalova | 307 882  |  | not a province  | 1.93  | 1.78  | 1.64  | 1.62  | 1.72  | 1.69  | 1.81  | 1.79  | 1.89  | 1.83  | 1.76  | 1.66  | 1.50  | 1.48  | 1.40  | 1.32  | 1.36
West Anatolia | 8 456 864  |  |  |  | 1.83 | 1.80 | 1.79 | 1.83 | 1.85 | 1.91 | 1.90 | 1.87 | 1.84 | 1.78 | 1.66 | 1.55 | 1.48 | 1.43 | 1.34 | 1.28
Ankara | 5 864 049  | 2.83  | 2.07  | 1.90  | 1.68  | 1.66  | 1.65  | 1.68  | 1.71  | 1.77  | 1.77  | 1.74  | 1.72  | 1.65  | 1.54  | 1.42  | 1.34  | 1.29  | 1.21  | 1.15
Konya | 2 330 024  |  | 2.64  | 3.00  | 2.14  | 2.12  | 2.13  | 2.18  | 2.18  | 2.26  | 2.21  | 2.19  | 2.13  | 2.08  | 1.95  | 1.85  | 1.81  | 1.76  | 1.65  | 1.59
Karaman | 262 791  |  | 2.93  | 2.77  | 2.15  | 1.95  | 1.98  | 2.02  | 2.09  | 2.05  | 2.13  | 2.10  | 2.07  | 1.95  | 1.85  | 1.78  | 1.66  | 1.61  | 1.51  | 1.42
Mediterranean | 10 936 452  | 3.50 | 2.37 | 2.43 | 2.20 | 2.18 | 2.14 | 2.23 | 2.24 | 2.32 | 2.29 | 2.24 | 2.18 | 2.08 | 1.96 | 1.84 | 1.77 | 1.72 | 1.57 | 1.55
Antalya | 2 722 103  |  | 2.19  | 1.93  | 1.91  | 1.87  | 1.84  | 1.93  | 1.91  | 1.96  | 1.99  | 1.94  | 1.84  | 1.76  | 1.64  | 1.55  | 1.48  | 1.38  | 1.31  | 1.25
Isparta | 446 409  |  | 2.02  | 2.04  | 1.76  | 1.66  | 1.66  | 1.72  | 1.71  | 1.76  | 1.73  | 1.72  | 1.78  | 1.64  | 1.56  | 1.46  | 1.43  | 1.39  | 1.34  | 1.28
Burdur | 275 826  |  | 2.10  | 2.12  | 1.74  | 1.73  | 1.68  | 1.66  | 1.68  | 1.79  | 1.79  | 1.74  | 1.67  | 1.58  | 1.50  | 1.42  | 1.37  | 1.37  | 1.37  | 1.35
Adana | 2 280 484  |  | 3.00  | 2.68  | 2.18  | 2.14  | 2.12  | 2.21  | 2.25  | 2.34  | 2.33  | 2.26  | 2.23  | 2.13  | 2.02  | 1.88  | 1.83  | 1.83  | 1.69  | 1.64
Mersin | 1 954 279  |  | 2.60  | 2.38  | 2.03  | 2.04  | 2.00  | 2.12  | 2.12  | 2.21  | 2.17  | 2.15  | 2.09  | 2.03  | 1.87  | 1.78  | 1.72  | 1.69  | 1.56  | 1.52
Hatay | 1 562 185  |  | 3.16  | 2.97  | 2.57  | 2.54  | 2.51  | 2.63  | 2.63  | 2.82  | 2.75  | 2.70  | 2.61  | 2.51  | 2.39  | 2.21  | 2.15  | 2.06  | 1.79  | 1.86
Kahramanmaraş | 1 134 105  |  | 3.19  | 3.54  | 2.70  | 2.68  | 2.66  | 2.68  | 2.74  | 2.74  | 2.64  | 2.61  | 2.55  | 2.40  | 2.24  | 2.12  | 2.00  | 1.95  | 1.72  | 1.78
Osmaniye | 561 061  |  | not a province  | 2.95  | 2.55  | 2.57  | 2.40  | 2.51  | 2.51  | 2.59  | 2.50  | 2.43  | 2.40  | 2.27  | 2.22  | 2.04  | 1.93  | 1.99  | 1.82  | 1.83
Central Anatolia | 4 160 359  |  |  |  | 2.16 | 2.08 | 2.06 | 2.07 | 2.06 | 2.14 | 2.09 | 2.05 | 1.99 | 1.89 | 1.80 | 1.68 | 1.62 | 1.57 | 1.45 | 1.43
Kırıkkale | 283 053  | 2.25  | 2.37  | 2.39  | 1.77  | 1.70  | 1.60  | 1.59  | 1.65  | 1.69  | 1.72  | 1.70  | 1.69  | 1.60  | 1.54  | 1.43  | 1.39  | 1.33  | 1.24  | 1.24
Aksaray | 439 474  |  | 3.06  | 2.85  | 2.42  | 2.35  | 2.34  | 2.30  | 2.30  | 2.36  | 2.31  | 2.24  | 2.20  | 2.14  | 2.01  | 1.94  | 1.87  | 1.85  | 1.71  | 1.65
Niğde | 372 708  |  | 3.21  | 2.98  | 2.40  | 2.28  | 2.23  | 2.32  | 2.25  | 2.33  | 2.19  | 2.20  | 2.08  | 2.00  | 1.93  | 1.77  | 1.73  | 1.69  | 1.59  | 1.54
Nevşehir | 317.952  |  | 2.34  | 2.55  | 2.10  | 1.98  | 1.97  | 1.98  | 1.95  | 2.10  | 1.98  | 1.94  | 1.88  | 1.79  | 1.68  | 1.63  | 1.58  | 1.52  | 1.41  | 1.39
Kırşehir | 244 546  |  | 2.28  | 2.40  | 1.72  | 1.69  | 1.69  | 1.75  | 1.78  | 1.86  | 1.82  | 1.79  | 1.77  | 1.73  | 1.66  | 1.49  | 1.40  | 1.38  | 1.29  | 1.34
Kayseri | 1 452 458  |  | 2.61  | 2.62  | 2.21  | 2.14  | 2.16  | 2.18  | 2.17  | 2.25  | 2.20  | 2.14  | 2.04  | 1.97  | 1.86  | 1.72  | 1.66  | 1.61  | 1.47  | 1.46
Sivas | 637 007  |  | 2.82  | 2.76  | 2.07  | 2.02  | 1.99  | 1.99  | 1.94  | 1.99  | 1.98  | 1.96  | 1.94  | 1.78  | 1.73  | 1.64  | 1.56  | 1.46  | 1.38  | 1.35
Yozgat | 413 161  |  | 2.99  | 2.84  | 2.25  | 2.07  | 2.04  | 2.03  | 1.98  | 2.08  | 2.09  | 2.01  | 1.99  | 1.84  | 1.73  | 1.64  | 1.55  | 1.50  | 1.39  | 1.37
West Black Sea | 4 711 687  |  |  |  | 1.84 | 1.79 | 1.74 | 1.77 | 1.76 | 1.77 | 1.73 | 1.69 | 1.67 | 1.63 | 1.57 | 1.47 | 1.42 | 1.36 | 1.28 | 1.27
Zonguldak | 586 802  |  | 2.31  | 1.93  | 1.71  | 1.65  | 1.58  | 1.62  | 1.59  | 1.60  | 1.56  | 1.50  | 1.49  | 1.43  | 1.39  | 1.31  | 1.27  | 1.19  | 1.14  | 1.15
Karabük | 250 478  |  | not a province  | 1.99  | 1.67  | 1.60  | 1.62  | 1.54  | 1.59  | 1.56  | 1.57  | 1.46  | 1.51  | 1.49  | 1.42  | 1.29  | 1.33  | 1.22  | 1.14  | 1.20
Bartın | 206 715  |  | 2.31  | 2.11  | 1.68  | 1.67  | 1.61  | 1.50  | 1.57  | 1.69  | 1.59  | 1.55  | 1.45  | 1.48  | 1.43  | 1.38  | 1.25  | 1.26  | 1.13  | 1.12
Kastamonu | 381 991  | 3.44  | 2.65  | 2.18  | 1.70  | 1.69  | 1.64  | 1.69  | 1.68  | 1.59  | 1.63  | 1.59  | 1.51  | 1.54  | 1.48  | 1.41  | 1.39  | 1.40  | 1.28  | 1.32
Çankırı | 199 981  |  | 2.61  | 2.27  | 1.97  | 1.93  | 1.91  | 1.84  | 1.78  | 1.87  | 1.79  | 1.84  | 1.76  | 1.69  | 1.69  | 1.67  | 1.69  | 1.51  | 1.43  | 1.37
Sinop | 226 957  | 4.35  | 3.38  | 2.48  | 1.91  | 1.81  | 1.77  | 1.84  | 1.75  | 1.79  | 1.73  | 1.71  | 1.71  | 1.62  | 1.62  | 1.57  | 1.47  | 1.41  | 1.31  | 1.30
Samsun | 1 382 376  |  | 2.73  | 2.55  | 1.87  | 1.81  | 1.77  | 1.83  | 1.83  | 1.85  | 1.82  | 1.80  | 1.78  | 1.75  | 1.65  | 1.51  | 1.43  | 1.38  | 1.33  | 1.33
Tokat | 612 674  |  | 2.93  | 3.06  | 1.95  | 1.92  | 1.83  | 1.79  | 1.82  | 1.83  | 1.74  | 1.70  | 1.67  | 1.64  | 1.61  | 1.47  | 1.43  | 1.40  | 1.35  | 1.29
Çorum | 521 335  |  | 3.06  | 2.66  | 1.93  | 1.90  | 1.86  | 1.96  | 1.89  | 1.97  | 1.85  | 1.87  | 1.80  | 1.74  | 1.69  | 1.58  | 1.52  | 1.45  | 1.33  | 1.30
Amasya | 342 378  |  | 2.55  | 2.34  | 1.80  | 1.75  | 1.71  | 1.75  | 1.78  | 1.75  | 1.80  | 1.70  | 1.72  | 1.66  | 1.60  | 1.48  | 1.46  | 1.39  | 1.31  | 1.22
East Black Sea | 2 707 777  |  |  |  | 1.86 | 1.81 | 1.77 | 1.78 | 1.77 | 1.81 | 1.78 | 1.77 | 1.73 | 1.69 | 1.61 | 1.52 | 1.46 | 1.40 | 1.34 | 1.30
Trabzon | 822 270  |  | 2.23  | 2.10  | 1.87  | 1.82  | 1.78  | 1.80  | 1.79  | 1.84  | 1.86  | 1.85  | 1.82  | 1.80  | 1.68  | 1.56  | 1.53  | 1.43  | 1.39  | 1.32
Ordu | 770 711  |  | 2.60  | 2.81  | 1.94  | 1.89  | 1.84  | 1.86  | 1.85  | 1.89  | 1.83  | 1.84  | 1.81  | 1.73  | 1.67  | 1.56  | 1.44  | 1.44  | 1.35  | 1.32
Giresun | 455 922  |  | 2.58  | 2.31  | 1.74  | 1.74  | 1.65  | 1.66  | 1.64  | 1.65  | 1.64  | 1.57  | 1.56  | 1.55  | 1.49  | 1.41  | 1.34  | 1.32  | 1.28  | 1.24
Rize | 346 977  |  | 2.33  | 2.01  | 1.80  | 1.76  | 1.75  | 1.73  | 1.80  | 1.79  | 1.79  | 1.80  | 1.76  | 1.77  | 1.66  | 1.57  | 1.53  | 1.41  | 1.40  | 1.32
Artvin | 169 280  |  | 2.59  | 2.24  | 1.73  | 1.72  | 1.67  | 1.78  | 1.73  | 1.78  | 1.74  | 1.77  | 1.73  | 1.65  | 1.60  | 1.58  | 1.40  | 1.40  | 1.29  | 1.26
Gümüşhane | 142 617  |  | 2.98  | 2.92  | 2.09  | 1.88  | 1.89  | 1.84  | 1.84  | 1.84  | 1.73  | 1.62  | 1.38  | 1.34  | 1.36  | 1.40  | 1.37  | 1.33  | 1.24  | 1.30
Northeast Anatolia | 2 140 232  |  |  |  | 2.91 | 2.97 | 2.90 | 2.90 | 2.85 | 2.90 | 2.79 | 2.72 | 2.64 | 2.45 | 2.36 | 2.19 | 2.11 | 1.93 | 1.75 | 1.68
Erzurum | 745 005  |  | 3.59  | 3.51  | 2.51  | 2.49  | 2.50  | 2.50  | 2.49  | 2.60  | 2.52  | 2.45  | 2.41  | 2.24  | 2.16  | 2.02  | 1.95  | 1.80  | 1.68  | 1.56
Erzincan | 241 239  |  | 2.12  | 2.54  | 1.82  | 1.82  | 1.91  | 1.88  | 1.90  | 1.82  | 1.82  | 1.89  | 1.73  | 1.64  | 1.65  | 1.53  | 1.58  | 1.39  | 1.34  | 1.35
Bayburt | 83 676  |  | 3.25  | 3.29  | 2.38  | 2.31  | 2.16  | 2.30  | 2.13  | 2.18  | 2.09  | 1.96  | 1.83  | 1.84  | 1.71  | 1.61  | 1.60  | 1.42  | 1.35  | 1.30
Ağrı | 499 801  |  | 5.31  | 5.49  | 4.22  | 4.38  | 4.13  | 4.11  | 4.01  | 4.04  | 3.84  | 3.73  | 3.63  | 3.29  | 3.19  | 2.89  | 2.74  | 2.52  | 2.20  | 2.16
Kars | 272 300  |  | 3.64  | 3.76  | 2.90  | 3.05  | 2.88  | 2.92  | 2.74  | 2.75  | 2.64  | 2.59  | 2.54  | 2.35  | 2.25  | 2.11  | 1.98  | 1.86  | 1.68  | 1.60
Iğdır | 206 857  |  | 3.64  | 4.17  | 3.06  | 3.16  | 3.12  | 3.10  | 3.21  | 3.19  | 3.05  | 2.98  | 2.82  | 2.70  | 2.57  | 2.28  | 2.22  | 2.01  | 1.79  | 1.69
Ardahan | 91 354  |  | 3.64  | 2.95  | 2.35  | 2.25  | 2.25  | 2.21  | 2.11  | 2.24  | 2.17  | 2.01  | 2.05  | 1.91  | 1.88  | 1.75  | 1.82  | 1.64  | 1.46  | 1.45
Central East Anatolia | 3 876 707  |  |  |  | 3.00 | 2.95 | 2.85 | 2.82 | 2.82 | 2.87 | 2.75 | 2.67 | 2.65 | 2.52 | 2.43 | 2.23 | 2.12 | 2.02 | 1.81 | 1.78
Malatya | 750 491  | 3.66  | 2.59  | 2.56  | 2.08  | 2.06  | 1.99  | 1.99  | 1.96  | 2.05  | 2.01  | 1.99  | 1.99  | 1.90  | 1.81  | 1.66  | 1.64  | 1.59  | 1.38  | 1.44
Elazığ | 603 941  |  | 2.61  | 2.52  | 2.02  | 1.98  | 1.98  | 1.97  | 1.93  | 2.04  | 1.99  | 1.96  | 1.96  | 1.86  | 1.79  | 1.72  | 1.60  | 1.52  | 1.43  | 1.41
Bingöl | 283 276  | 5.57  | 4.57  | 3.56  | 2.56  | 2.55  | 2.52  | 2.49  | 2.49  | 2.63  | 2.42  | 2.44  | 2.39  | 2.37  | 2.27  | 2.11  | 2.00  | 1.82  | 1.67  | 1.61
Tunceli | 86 612  | 4.87  | 2.91  | 1.90  | 1.56  | 1.47  | 1.50  | 1.53  | 1.55  | 1.62  | 1.69  | 1.58  | 1.56  | 1.64  | 1.69  | 1.58  | 1.49  | 1.41  | 1.31  | 1.26
Van | 1 118 087  |  | 5.53  | 6.00  | 3.93  | 3.84  | 3.66  | 3.58  | 3.64  | 3.54  | 3.37  | 3.20  | 3.15  | 2.96  | 2.85  | 2.56  | 2.35  | 2.29  | 2.03  | 1.98
Muş | 392 301  |  | 5.36  | 4.18  | 3.93  | 3.94  | 3.66  | 3.65  | 3.59  | 3.71  | 3.49  | 3.37  | 3.42  | 3.25  | 3.17  | 2.86  | 2.78  | 2.54  | 2.25  | 2.23
Bitlis | 359 808  | 6.01  | 5.92  | 5.03  | 3.80  | 3.71  | 3.52  | 3.49  | 3.44  | 3.47  | 3.40  | 3.30  | 3.23  | 3.07  | 2.90  | 2.70  | 2.65  | 2.49  | 2.21  | 2.15
Hakkâri | 282 191  | 4.91  | 7.41  | 6.69  | 3.35  | 3.18  | 3.14  | 2.99  | 3.01  | 3.03  | 2.76  | 2.60  | 2.58  | 2.43  | 2.38  | 2.19  | 2.07  | 2.02  | 1.90  | 1.74
Southeast Anatolia | 9 490 286  | 4.61 | 4.37 | 4.31 | 3.59 | 3.57 | 3.48 | 3.53 | 3.48 | 3.63 | 3.52 | 3.38 | 3.36 | 3.23 | 3.03 | 2.85 | 2.87 | 2.72 | 2.46 | 2.44
Gaziantep | 2 193 363  |  | 3.63  | 3.83  | 3.15  | 3.07  | 3.04  | 3.15  | 3.17  | 3.28  | 3.19  | 3.06  | 2.94  | 2.86  | 2.63  | 2.48  | 2.49  | 2.40  | 2.11  | 2.11
Adıyaman | 611 037  |  | 4.72  | 3.66  | 2.76  | 2.79  | 2.77  | 2.79  | 2.75  | 2.90  | 2.87  | 2.78  | 2.79  | 2.69  | 2.56  | 2.37  | 2.37  | 2.25  | 1.94  | 1.97
Kilis | 156 739  |  | not a province  | 3.54  | 2.93  | 3.01  | 2.83  | 2.99  | 2.96  | 3.13  | 3.03  | 2.87  | 2.84  | 2.76  | 2.57  | 2.49  | 2.48  | 2.36  | 2.07  | 2.04
Şanlıurfa | 2 237 745  | 4.16  | 4.36  | 4.83  | 4.57  | 4.58  | 4.46  | 4.47  | 4.41  | 4.57  | 4.42  | 4.35  | 4.33  | 4.16  | 3.91  | 3.73  | 3.82  | 3.61  | 3.28  | 3.28
Diyarbakır | 1.833 684  | 4.42  | 4.74  | 4.51  | 3.23  | 3.24  | 3.19  | 3.23  | 3.16  | 3.30  | 3.22  | 3.13  | 3.13  | 2.97  | 2.79  | 2.55  | 2.54  | 2.43  | 2.23  | 2.20
Mardin | 895 911  |  | 5.59  | 4.98  | 3.46  | 3.53  | 3.35  | 3.46  | 3.33  | 3.55  | 3.46  | 3.26  | 3.29  | 3.16  | 3.01  | 2.78  | 2.80  | 2.63  | 2.40  | 2.32
Batman | 654 528  |  | 6.18  | 5.27  | 3.70  | 3.64  | 3.43  | 3.42  | 3.34  | 3.41  | 3.25  | 3.11  | 3.08  | 2.91  | 2.72  | 2.56  | 2.57  | 2.39  | 2.18  | 2.12
Şırnak | 570 826  |  | 6.32  | 7.06  | 4.69  | 4.51  | 4.26  | 4.21  | 4.19  | 4.27  | 4.09  | 3.51  | 3.76  | 3.63  | 3.40  | 3.25  | 3.19  | 2.96  | 2.73  | 2.62
Siirt | 336 453  |  | 6.33  | 6.05  | 4.23  | 4.12  | 3.96  | 3.85  | 3.70  | 3.89  | 3.56  | 3.47  | 3.33  | 3.18  | 2.93  | 2.89  | 2.71  | 2.48  | 2.23  | 2.14

## Ethnicity

[edit]

See also: Minorities in Turkey

Modern Turkey was founded by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk as secular (Laiklik, Turkish adaptation of French Laïcité), i.e. without a state religion, or separate ethnic divisions/ identities. The concept of "minorities" has only been accepted by the Republic of Turkey as defined by the Treaty of Lausanne (1923) and thence strictly limited to Greeks, Jews and Armenians, only based on religious affiliation, excluding from the scope of the concept the ethnic identities of these minorities as of others such as the Kurds who make up 15% of the country; others include Assyrians of various Christian denominations, Alevis and all the others.[27][28][29][30] Provisions of the Lausanne Treaty were extended to Bulgarians in Turkey by the Turkey-Bulgaria Friendship Treaty (Türkiye ve Bulgaristan Arasındaki Dostluk Antlaşması) of 18 October 1925.[29][31][32][33] According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey), as of 2008, there were 89,000 Turkish citizens belonging to one of the three recognized minorities, two thirds of Armenian descent.[34] On 18 June 2013, the Ankara 13th Circuit Administrative Court unanimously ruled that the Assyrians were included as beneficiaries of the Lausanne Treaty,[35] so that Assyrians were allowed to open the first school teaching in their mother tongue.[36][37]

The word Turk or Turkish also has a wider meaning in a historical context because, at times, especially in the past, it has been used to refer to all Muslim inhabitants of the Ottoman Empire irrespective of their ethnicity.[38]

According to the 2016 edition of the CIA World Factbook, 70–75% of Turkey's population consists of ethnic Turks, with Kurds accounting for 19% and other minorities between 6 and 11%.[5] According to Milliyet, a 2008 report prepared for the National Security Council of Turkey by academics of three Turkish universities in eastern Anatolia suggested that there are approximately 55 million ethnic Turks, 9.6 million Kurds, 3 million Zazas, 2.5 million Circassians, 2 million Bosniaks, 500,000–1.3 million Albanians, 1,000,000 Georgians, 870,000 Arabs, 600,000 Pomaks, 80,000 Laz, 60,000 Armenians, 30,000 British, 25,000 Assyrians, 20,000 Jews, 15,000 Greeks, and 500 Yazidis living in Turkey.[39]

According to a survey published in 2022 by Konda Research, Turks make up 77% of the population, while 19% self-identify as Kurd. Arabs (Syrian refugees excluded) make up 2%, and other ethnic groups are 2% of the population.[40]

Since the immigration to the big cities in the west of Turkey, interethnic marriage has become more common. A recent study estimates that there are 2,708,000 marriages between Turks and Kurds.[41]

According to a survey done in March 2020 by Area Araştırma, 20.4% of the total population of Turkey claim to be Kurdish (either Kurmanji speaking or Zazaki speaking).

Ethnolinguistic estimates in 2014 by Ethnologue and Jacques Leclerc:[42][43][44]

People  | Population  | Percentage  | Language  | Status

|
|
|
|

Anatolian Turks | 53,402,000  | 70.6%  | Turkish | 1 (National)
Kurmanji Kurds | 8,127,000  | 10.7%  | Kurmanji | 3 (Wider communication)
Turcophones, Kurds | 5,881,000  | 7.7%  | Turkish | 1 (National)
Zaza | 1,155,000  | 1.5%  | Zaza | 5 (Developing)
Arabs | 1,133,000  | 1.4%  | Levantine Arabic |
Kabardians, Circassians | 1,062,000  | 1.4 %  | Kabardian | 5 (Developing)
Iraqi Arabs | 722,000  | 0.9%  | Mesopotamian Arabic | 6a (Vigorous)
Azerbaijani | 540,000  | 0.7%  | Azerbaijani | 5 (Developing)
Romani | 500,000 (1985)  | 0.7%  | Romani, Domari |
Gagauzes | 418,000  | 0.5%  | Balkan Gagauz Turkish | 7 (Shifting)
Pomaks | 351,000  | 0.4%  | Bulgarian | 5 (Dispersed)
Pontic Greeks | 321,000  | 0.4%  | Pontic Greek | 6a (Vigorous)
Adyghe, Circassians | 316,000  | 0.4%  | Adyghe | 5 (Developing)
Alevi Kurds | 184,000  | 0.2%  | Zazaki |
Georgians | 151,000  | 0,1 %  | Georgian | 6b (Threatened)
Bosniaks | 101,000  | 0.1%  | Bosnian |
Chechens | 101,000  | 0.1%  | Chechen |
Crimean Tatars | 100,000  | 0.1%  | Crimean Tatar | 5 (Developing)
Lazi | 93,000  | 0.1%  | Laz language | 6b (Threatened)
Karakalpaks | 74,000  |  | Karakalpak |
Albanians | 66,000  |  | Tosk Albanian | 6b (Threatened)
Armenians | 61,000  |  | Armenian | 6b (Threatened)
Abkhazians | 44,000  |  | Abkhazian | 6b (Threatened)
Han Chinese | 38,000  |  | Chinese |
Ossetians | 37,000  |  | Ossetian |
British | 35,000  |  | English |
Bulgarians | 32,000  |  | Bulgarian |
Jews | 30,000  |  | Turkish, Ladino | 7 (Shifting)
Tatars | 26,000  |  | Tatar |
Assyrians | 25,000  |  | Neo-Aramaic |
Pakistanis | 22,000  |  | Urdu |
Assyrians | 15,000  |  | Turoyo | 6b (Threatened)
Turks other (Hemshin, Meskhetian Turks, Gajal)  | 57,000  |  | Turkish |
Kurds other (Herki and Shikaki)  | 62,000  |  | Kurdish |
Other  | 180,000  |  |  |
Total | 75,566,800 |  |

## Languages

[edit]

Main article: Languages of Turkey

See also: Turkic peoples, Iranic peoples, and Minorities in Turkey

No exact data are available concerning the different ethnic groups in Turkey. The last census data according to language date from 1965 and major changes may have occurred since then. However, it is clear that the Turkish are in the majority, while the largest minority groups are Kurds and Arabs. Smaller minorities are the Armenians, Greeks and others.

Language  | Census 1927  | Census 1935  | Census 1945  | Census 1950  | Census 1955  | Census 1960  | Census 1965

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %  | Number  | %
Turkish | 11,778,810  | 86.42  | 13,899,073  | 86.02  | 16,598,037  | 88.34  | 18,254,851  | 87.15  | 21,622,292  | 89.85  | 25,172,535  | 90.70  | 28,175,579  | 89.76
Kurdish | 1,184,446  | 8.69  | 1,480,246  | 9.16  | 1,476,562  | 7.9  | 1,680,043  | 8.02  | 1,679,265  | 6.98  | 1,847,674  | 6.66  | 2,219,599  | 7.07
Zazaki | 174,526  | 0.70  | 150,644  | 0.48
Arabic | 134,273  | 0.98  | 153,687  | 0.95  | 247,294  | 1.3  | 269,038  | 1.28  | 300,583  | 1.25  | 347,690  | 1.25  | 365,340  | 1.16
Circassian | 95,901  | 0.70  | 91,972  | 0.57  | 66,691  | 0.4  | 75,837  | 0.36  | 77,611  | 0.32  | 63,137  | 0.23  | 58,339  | 0.19
Greek | 119,822  | 0.88  | 108,725  | 0.67  | 88,680  | 0.47  | 89,472  | 0.43  | 79,691  | 0.33  | 65,139  | 0.23  | 48,096  | 0.15
Armenian | 64,745  | 0.48  | 57,599  | 0.36  | 47,728  | 0.3  | 52,776  | 0.25  | 56,235  | 0.23  | 52,756  | 0.19  | 33,094  | 0.11
Georgian | –  | –  | 57,325  | 0.35  | 40,076  | 0.21  | 72,604  | 0.35  | 51,983  | 0.22  | 32,944  | 0.12  | 34,330  | 0.11
Laz | –  | –  | 63,253  | 0.39  | 39,323  | 0.21  | 70,423  | 0.34  | 30,566  | 0.13  | 21,703  | 0.08  | 26,007  | 0.08
other  | 251,491  | 1.85  | 227,544  | 1.41  | 185,783  | 0.99  | 207,618  | 0.99  | 166,537  | 0.69  | 151,242  | 0.54  | 280,403  | 0.89
Total  | 13,629.488  | 100  | 16,157,450  | 100  | 18,790,174  | 100  | 20,947,188  | 100  | 24,064,763  | 100  | 27,754,820  | 100  | 31,391,421  | 100
Sources:[45][46][47][48][49][50][51]

A possible list of ethnic groups living in Turkey could be as follows:[52]

1. Turkic-speaking peoples: Turks, Azerbaijanis, Tatars, Karachays, Uzbeks, Crimean Tatars, Kyrgyzs and Uyghurs
2. Indo-European-speaking peoples: Kurds, Zazas,[53] Bosniaks, Albanians, Pomaks, Ossetians, Armenians, Megleno-Romanians,[44] Hamshenis, Goranis and Greeks
3. Semitic-speaking peoples: Arabs, Jews and Assyrians
4. Caucasian-speaking peoples: Circassians, Georgians, Lazs and Chechens

## Religion

[edit]

Further information: Religion in Turkey

See also: Freedom of religion in Turkey and Secularism in Turkey

Turkey has officially been a secular country since its 1924 constitution was amended in 1928. This was later strengthened and entrenched with the wider appliance of laicism by founder Atatürk during the mid-1930s, as part of the Republican reforms.

There are no official statistics of people's religious beliefs nor is it asked in the census. According to the United States Department of State's International Religious Freedom Report 2008, the Turkish government considers 99 percent of the population is Muslim, the majority of which is Hanafi Sunni.[54] A similar figure can be found in the current US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) the World Factbook (99.8%).[5] The remaining 0.2% is other - mostly Christians and Jews.[5] However, these are based on the existing religion information written on every citizen's national id card, that is automatically passed on from the parents to every newborn, and do not necessarily represent individual choice. Religious records can be changed or even blanked on the request of citizen, by filing an e-government application since May 2020, using a valid electronic signature to sign the electronic application. Any change in religion records additionally results in a new ID card being issued. Any change in religion record also leaves a permanent trail in the census record, however, record of change of religion is not accessible except for the citizen in question, next-of-kins of the citizen in question, the citizenship administration and courts.[55]

In 2023, according to Ipsos, 83% are Muslim, 12% have no religion, 2% prefer not to say, 2% are Christian and 2% are other religions.[56] In a similar survey in 2016, Islam comprised 82% of the total population (65% Sunni and 4% Shi'a), followed by 7% no religion, 6% Spiritual but not religious, 4% Atheism, 3% Agnosticism, 2% Christian, 1% Protestantism, 1% Buddhism, 1% Mahayana and 1% other.[57]

In 2018, a poll conducted by Eurobarometer and KONDA Research and Consultancy and some other research institutes showed that 3% of those interviewed had no religion.[58][59] In 2013, the same institutions showed that around 0.5% of the population had no religion.

Between 8 million[60] and 20 million Turks are Alevis.[54]

In 2006, in a poll conducted by Sabancı University, 98.3% of Turks revealed they were Muslim.[61] In 2005, a Eurobarometer poll on Europeans views on ethics in science and technology reported 95% of Turkish citizens answered that "they believe there is a God", while about 2% responded "I believe there is so me sort of spirit or life force", about 1% that "they do not believe there is any sort of spirit, God, or life force" and about 1% "DK" (that they don't know).[62] Similar figures were found in some other European countries.[62]

There is concern over the future of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, which suffers from a lack of trained clergy due to the closure of the Halki seminary. The state does not recognise the Ecumenical status of the Patriarch of Constantinople.[63]

Muslim and non-Muslim population in Turkey, 1914–2005 (in thousands)[64] Year  | 1914  | 1927  | 1945  | 1965  | 1990  | 2005

|
|
|
|
|
|

Muslims  | 12,941  | 13,290  | 18,511  | 31,139  | 56,860  | 71,997
Greeks  | 1,549  | 110  | 104  | 76  | 8  | 3
Armenians  | 1,204  | 77  | 60  | 64  | 67  | 50
Jews  | 128  | 82  | 77  | 38  | 29  | 27
Others  | 176  | 71  | 38  | 74  | 50  | 45
Total  | 15,997  | 13,630  | 18,790  | 31,391  | 57,005  | 72,120
Percentage non-Muslim  | 19.1  | 2.5  | 1.5  | 0.8  | 0.3  | 0.2

The percentage of non-Muslims in Turkey fell from 19.1% in 1914 to 2.5% percent in 1927.[64] The drop was the result of the late Ottoman genocides, the population exchange between Greece and Turkey[65] and the emigration of Christians.[66] The 1942 Wealth Tax on non-Muslims, the emigration of many of Turkish Jews to Israel after 1948, and the 1955 Istanbul pogrom further contributed to the decline of Turkey's non-Muslim population.

### Religiosity

[edit]

In 2018, according to a KONDA survey, the religiosity was the following:[67][68]

* 51% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations" (Religious)
* 34% defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations" (Not religious).
* 10% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations" (Fully devout).
* 2% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations" (Non-believer).
* 3% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction" (Atheist).

Among those aged between 15 and 29 years old:[69]

* 43% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations" (Religious)
* 45% defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations" (Not religious).
* 5% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations" (Fully devout).
* 4% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations" (Non-believer).
* 4% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction" (Atheist).

According to the 2007 KONDA survey:[70]

* 52.8% defined themselves as "a religious person who strives to fulfill religious obligations" (Religious)
* 34.3 % defined themselves as "a believer who does not fulfill religious obligations" (Not religious).
* 9.7% defined themselves as "a fully devout person fulfilling all religious obligations" (Fully devout).
* 2.3% defined themselves as "someone who does not believe in religious obligations" (Non-believer).
* 0.9% defined themselves as "someone with no religious conviction" (Atheist).

In a 2006 Pew Research Center survey, 69% of Turkey's Muslims said that "religion is very important in their lives".[71] Based on the Gallup Poll 2006–08, Turkey was defined as More religious, in which over 63 percent of people believe religion is important.[72][73]

Around 2007, according to the Turkish Economic and Social Studies Foundation, 62% of women wore the headscarf or hijab in Turkey.[74][75][76]

### Headscarf

[edit]

The survey reported that 44.5% of women who lived in metropolitan areas wore the headscarf, increasing to 62.8% in towns and 74.1% in the countryside. There was also an increase in the percentage of women wearing headscarves going from west to east across the country. [77]

Headscarf Usage by Age Group in Turkey (KONDA, 2013)  Age Group | Percentage Wearing Headscarf (%)

|

18–27 | 43.8%
28–43 | 65.4%
44+ | 76.1%

Headscarf Usage by Education Level in Turkey (KONDA, 2013)  Education Level | Percentage Wearing Headscarf (%)

|

University graduate | 11.3%
High school | 24.5%
Middle school | 56.1%
Elementary school | 79.7%
Not completed elementary school | 90.8%

Headscarf Usage by Region in Turkey (KONDA, 2013)  Region | Percentage Wearing Headscarf (%)

|

Aegean | 50.3%
Marmara (includes Istanbul) | 51.2%
Mediterranean Coast | 54.8%
Central Anatolia | 67.4%
Eastern Anatolia | 70.3%
Eastern Black Sea Coast | 74.5%
South East (mainly Kurdish areas) | 84.6%

## Migration

[edit]

### Immigration

[edit]

Main article: Immigration to Turkey

Immigration to Turkey is the process by which people migrate to Turkey to reside in the country. After the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire and following Turkish War of Independence, an exodus by the large portion of Turkish (Turkic) and Muslim peoples from the Balkans (Balkan Turks, Albanians, Bosniaks, Pomaks), Caucasus (Abkhazians, Ajarians, Circassians, Chechens, Lezgins), Crimea (Crimean Tatar diaspora), and Crete (Cretan Turks) took refuge in present-day Turkey and moulded the country's fundamental features. Trends of immigration towards Turkey continue to this day, although the motives are more varied and are usually in line with the patterns of global immigration movements — Turkey, for example, receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as Armenia, Moldova, Georgia, Iran, and Azerbaijan, but also from Central Asia, Ukraine and Russia. Turkey's migrant crisis during the 2010s saw high numbers of people arriving in Turkey, particularly those fleeing the Syrian civil war.

As of August 2024, the number of refugees of the Syrian civil war in Turkey was estimated to be 3,097,660 people. The number of Syrians had decreased by 321,118 people in 2023.[78] In 2022, nearly 100,000 Russian citizens migrated to Turkey, becoming the first in the list of foreigners who moved to Turkey, meaning an increase of more than 218% from 2021.[79]

In order to obtain Turkish citizenship there is a range of legal grounds, which can include: reunification with their family, marriage to a Turkish citizen, for the purchase of real estate worth $400,000 from a Turkish citizen or company.[80] The minimum investment amount was increased in May 2022, previously it was enough to invest $250,000. Also the basis is to work in Turkey, training, business, medical treatment, refugee status.

Population in Turkey by country of citizenship by the end of each years:[15]

Country  | 2024  | 2023  | 2022  | 2021  | 2020

|
|
|
|
|

Total people living in Turkey1 | 85 664 944 (100%)  | 85 372 377 (100%)  | 85 279 553 (100%)  | 84 680 273 (100%)  | 83 614 362 (100%)
Turkey | 84 184 397 (98.27%)  | 83 801 834 (98.16%)  | 83 455 717 (97.86%)  | 82 888 237 (97.88%)  | 82 280 952 (98.41%)
Total foreign population1 | 1 480 547 (1.73%)  | 1 570 543 (1.84%)  | 1 823 836 (2.14%)  | 1 792 036 (2.12%)  | 1 333 410 (1.59%)
Iraq | 177 988 (0.21%)  | 217 476 (0.25%)  | 275 305 (0.32%)  | 322 015 (0.38%)  | 281 074 (0.34%)
Afghanistan | 139 251 (0.16%)  | 164 131 (0.19%)  | 186 160 (0.22%)  | 183 567 (0.22%)  | 158 252 (0.19%)
Germany | 115 958 (0.14%)  | 114 293 (0.13%)  | 110 453 (0.13%)  | 102 592 (0.12%)  | 92 284 (0.11%)
Turkmenistan | 113 762 (0.13%)  | 110 349 (0.13%)  | 116 447 (0.14%)  | 123 965 (0.15%)  | 91 218 (0.11%)
Iran | 95 924 (0.11%)  | 101 164 (0.12%)  | 117 026 (0.14%)  | 128 883 (0.15%)  | 68 561 (0.08%)
Russian Federation | 85 752 (0.10%)  | 102 585 (0.12%)  | 151 049 (0.18%)  | 66 786 (0.08%)  | 43 679 (0.05%)
Azerbaijan | 80 133 (0.09%)  | 70 971 (0.08%)  | 68 884 (0.08%)  | 68 562(0.08%)  | 48 495 (0.06%)
Syria | 72 367 (0.08%)  | 79 952 (0.09%)  | 99 360 (0.12%)  | 104 554 (0.12%)  | 88 907 (0.11%)
Uzbekistan | 59 132 (0.07%)  | 54 594 (0.06%)  | 61 754 (0.07%)  | 71 145 (0.08%)  | 36 510 (0.04%)
Kazakhstan | 44 445 (0.05%)  | 44 133 (0.05%)  | 45 530 (0.05%)  | 39 454 (0.05%)  | 23 645 (0.03%)
Ukraine | 35 446 (0.04%)  | 40 483 (0.05%)  | 50 357 (0.06%)  | 23 377 (0.03%)  | 17 505 (0.02%)
Egypt | 28 304 (0.03%)  | 28 451 (0.03%)  | 33 040 (0.04%)  | 34 162 (0.04%)  | 25 475 (0.03%)
Kyrgyzstan | 23 802 (0.03%)  | 22 477 (0.03%)  | 24 485 (0.03%)  | 26 541 (0.03%)  | 18 019 (0.02%)
Palestine | 23 569 (0.03%)  | 21 612 (0.03%)  | 26 278 (0.03%)  | 28 027 (0.03%)  | 17 915 (0.02%)
Austria | 22 231 (0.03%)  | 22 102 (0.03%)  | 21 311 (0.02%)  | 19 900 (0.02%)  | 18 047 (0.02%)
Bulgaria | 17 315 (0.02%)  | 16 899 (0.02%)  | 16 612 (0.02%)  | 15 426 (0.02%)  | 14 195 (0.02%)
Morocco | 16 914 (0.02%)  | 16 699 (0.02%)  | 18 482 (0.02%)  | 20 520 (0.02%)  | 12 122 (0.01%)
Indonesia | 16 089 (0.02%)  | 12 301 (0.01%)  | 11 280 (0.01%)  | 10 219 (0.01%)  | 5 226 (0.01%)
China | 15 107 (0.02%)  | 14 030 (0.02%)  | 16 880 (0.02%)  | 20 486 (0.02%)  | 18 740 (0.02%)
Yemen | 14 748 (0.02%)  | 16 386 (0.02%)  | 19 099 (0.02%)  | 18 094 (0.02%)  | 14 927 (0.02%)
Greece | 14 496 (0.02%)  | 14 164 (0.02%)  | 13 583 (0.02%)  | 12 569 (0.01%)  | 12 137 (0.01%)
United Kingdom | 14 386 (0.02%)  | 15 734 (0.02%)  | 17 193 (0.02%)  | 16 440 (0.02%)  | 13 985 (0.02%)
Pakistan | 14 384 (0.02%)  | 13 903 (0.02%)  | 16 505 (0.02%)  | 17 290 (0.02%)  | 7 248 (0.01%)
Jordan | 14 343 (0.02%)  | 17 098 (0.02%)  | 22 733 (0.03%)  | 23 656 (0.03%)  | 14 260 (0.02%)
Libya | 11 644 (0.01%)  | 15 621 (0.02%)  | 21 677 (0.03%)  | 24 188 (0.03%)  | 18 607 (0.02%)
Somalia | 10 815 (0.01%)  | 14 011 (0.02%)  | 20 906 (0.02%)  | 28 081 (0.03%)  | 17 245 (0.02%)
Georgia | 10 725 (0.01%)  | 11 851 (0.01%)  | 14 680 (0.02%)  | 19 276 (0.02%)  | 15 661 (0.02%)
Algeria | 9 815 (0.01%)  | 10 145 (0.01%)  | 12 248 (0.01%)  | 10 698 (0.01%)  | 5 914 (0.01%)
Sudan | 9 632 (0.01%)  | 10 371 (0.01%)  | 11 613 (0.01%)  | 9 538 (0.01%)  | 3 193 (<0.01%)
United States | 9 621 (0.01%)  | 10 655 (0.01%)  | 12 793 (0.02%)  | 12 773 (0.02%)  | 9 032 (0.01%)
India | 7 639 (0.01%)  | 6 699 (0.01%)  | 4 669 (0.01%)  | 3 092 (<0.01%)  |
Netherlands | 7 587 (0.01%)  | 7 786 (0.01%)  | 8 104 (0.01%)  | 7 686 (0.01%)  | 6 550 (0.01%)
Lebanon | 7 340 (0.01%)  | 8 864 (0.01%)  | 12 430 (0.01%)  | 13 242 (0.02%)  | 5 943 (0.01%)
Nigeria | 7 252 (0.01%)  | 9 196 (0.01%)  | 12 928 (0.02%)  | 12 920 (0.02%)  | 7 120 (0.01%)
Tajikistan | 6 486 (0.01%)  | 6 251 (0.01%)  | 7 153 (0.01%)  | 7 965 (0.01%)  | 3 626 (<0.01%)
Kuwait | 5 912 (0.01%)  | 5 699 (0.01%)  | 6 190 (0.01%)  | 5 498 (0.01%)  | 3 559 (<0.01%)
Moldova | 5 257 (0.01%)  | 5 842 (0.01%)  | 6 790 (0.01%)  | 7 546 (0.01%)  | 6 295 (0.01%)
Tunisia | 5 105 (0.01%)  | 5 172 (0.01%)  | 6 075 (0.01%)  | 6 033 (0.01%)  | 2 961 (<0.01%)
France | 4 237 (<0.01%)  | 4 102 (<0.01%)  | 4 526 (0.01%)  | 4 294 (0.01%)  | 3 181 (<0.01%)
Belarus | 4 207 (<0.01%)  | 4 440 (0.01%)  | 5 169 (0.01%)  | 3 873 (<0.01%)  |
Ethiopia | 3 036 (<0.01%)  | 3 724 (<0.01%)  | 6 165 (0.01%)  | 6 633 (0.01%)  | 2 936 (<0.01%)
1: excluding Syrian refugees under temporary protection status and foreigners holding visas or residence permits shorter than 90 days

### Net Migration

[edit]

Net Migration Data for Turkey (2016–present)  Year | Total Immigration | Total Emigration | Total Net Migration | Turkish Immigration | Turkish Emigration | Turkish Net Migration | Foreign Immigration | Foreign Emigration | Foreign Net Migration

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

2016 | 380,921 | 177,960 | 202,961 | 107,052 | 69,326 | 37,726 | 273,869 | 108,634 | 165,235
2017 | 466,333 | 253,640 | 212,693 | 101,772 | 113,326 | -11,554 | 364,561 | 140,314 | 224,247
2018 | 577,457 | 323,918 | 253,539 | 110,567 | 136,740 | -26,743 | 466,890 | 187,178 | 279,712
2019 | 677,042 | 320,289 | 346,753 | 98,554 | 84,863 | 13,691 | 578,488 | 245,426 | 333,062
2020 | 340,845 | 420,643 | -79,618 | 98,349 | 77,310 | 20,539 | 242,496 | 342,653 | -100,157
2021 | 739,364 | 287,651 | 451,713 | 124,269 | 103,613 | 20,656 | 615,095 | 184,038 | 431,057
2022 | 494,052 | 466,914 | 27,138 | 94,409 | 139,531 | -45,122 | 399,643 | 327,383 | 72,260
2023 | 316,456 | 714,579 | -398,123 | 101,677 | 291,377 | -189,700 | 214,779 | 432,202 | -208,423
2024 | 314,588 | 424,345 | -109,757 | 103,732 | 151,140 | -47,408 | 210,856 | 273,205 | -62,349

[81]

### Internal migration

[edit]

Place of origin (rows) versus place of residence (columns) for Turkish citizens in 2014[82] Regions | İstanbul | West Marmara | Aegean | East Marmara | West Anatolia | Mediterranean | Central Anatolia | West Black Sea | East Black Sea | Northeast Anatolia | Central East Anatolia | Southeast Anatolia | Total Population

|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|

İstanbul | 2,162,588 | 79,009 | 72,123 | 84,689 | 38,802 | 38,673 | 4,858 | 11,976 | 9,147 | 3,533 | 3,667 | 4,754 | 2,513,819
West Marmara | 523,725 | 2,378,938 | 187,256 | 135,364 | 44,409 | 27,376 | 5,140 | 10,238 | 4,513 | 5,273 | 7,110 | 8,861 | 3,338,203
Aegean | 297,143 | 76,518 | 7,047,801 | 210,522 | 134,073 | 166,785 | 16,606 | 22,252 | 10,354 | 14,936 | 20,388 | 28,224 | 8,045,602
East Marmara | 520,698 | 67,299 | 131,586 | 4,317,877 | 187,043 | 61,782 | 10,715 | 33.371 | 10,701 | 8,074 | 9,775 | 12,286 | 5,371,207
West Anatolia | 272,835 | 35,919 | 259,387 | 127,794 | 3,721,634 | 192,934 | 49,942 | 29,545 | 8,468 | 10,360 | 13,727 | 20,850 | 4,743,395
Mediterranean | 470,673 | 53,295 | 250,529 | 111,393 | 228,398 | 7,329,964 | 100,729 | 32,461 | 16,963 | 21,667 | 46,013 | 181,874 | 8,843,959
Central Anatolia | 1,346,007 | 92,421 | 297,114 | 235,407 | 1,223,857 | 305,343 | 3,466,971 | 70,729 | 16,604 | 20,204 | 32,153 | 36,818 | 7,143,628
West Black Sea | 2,637,016 | 186,103 | 252,628 | 458,730 | 956,151 | 133,053 | 54,578 | 3,982,185 | 42,935 | 18,878 | 21,757 | 27,735 | 8,771,749
East Black Sea | 1,918,805 | 96,494 | 152,843 | 529,110 | 241,801 | 70,823 | 19,104 | 198,869 | 2,382,704 | 33,854 | 11,852 | 13,140 | 5,669,399
Northeast Anatolia | 1,580,876 | 120,086 | 504,588 | 593,882 | 344,929 | 101,600 | 63,029 | 34,656 | 32,761 | 2,009,253 | 39,921 | 20,576 | 5,446,157
Central East Anatolia | 1,293,157 | 86,315 | 359,161 | 299,390 | 167,451 | 393,102 | 31,612 | 22,064 | 11,070 | 31,709 | 3,438,577 | 133,862 | 6,267,470
Southeast Anatolia | 1,197,959 | 65,538 | 445,279 | 174,765 | 156,489 | 1,002,771 | 33,876 | 23,666 | 11,689 | 22,036 | 150,028 | 7,738,941 | 11,023,037
Total population | 14,221,482 | 3,337,935 | 9,960,295 | 7,278,923 | 7,445,037 | 9,824,206 | 3,857,160 | 4,472,012 | 2,557,909 | 2,199,777 | 3,794,968 | 8,227,921 | 77,177,625

## See also

[edit]

* Provinces of Turkey by population
* Census in Turkey
* Minorities in Turkey

## References

[edit]

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29. ^ a b Bayır, Derya (2013). Minorities and nationalism in Turkish law. Cultural diversity and law. Farnham: Ashgate. pp. 88–90, 203–204\. ISBN 978-1-4094-7254-4. "Oran farther points out that the rights set out for the four categories are stated to be the 'fundamental law' of the land, so that no legislation or official action shall conflict or interfere with these stipulations or prevail over them (article 37). [...] According to the Turkish state, only Greek, Armenian and Jewish non-Muslims were granted minority protection by the Lausanne Treaty. [...] Except for non-Muslim populations – that is, Greeks, Jews and Armenians - none of the other minority groups' language rights have been de jure protected by the legal system in Turkey."
30. ^ Phillips, Thomas James (16 December 2020). "The (In-)Validity of Turkey's Reservation to Article 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights". International Journal on Minority and Group Rights. 27 (1): 66–93\. doi:10.1163/15718115-02701001. ISSN 1385-4879. "The fact that Turkish constitutional law takes an even more restrictive approach to minority rights than required under the Treaty of Lausanne was recognised by the UN Committee on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD) in its concluding observations on the combined fourth to sixth periodic reports of Turkey. The CERD noted that "the treaty of Lausanne does not explicitly prohibit the recognition of other groups as minorities" and that Turkey should consider recognising the minority status of other groups, such as Kurds. 50 In practice, this means that Turkey grants minority rights to "Greek, Armenian and Jewish minority communities while denying their possible impact for unrecognized minority groups (e.g. Kurds, Alevis, Arabs, Syriacs, Protestants, Roma etc.)"."
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## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ a b c d e All data taken from Turkish Statistical Institute (TurkStat). Data is for xxxx-12-31.

## External links

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* Build Turkey population graph: from 1960 till now (World Bank data)
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Turkey

History|

| Ancient and Middle Ages|

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Demographics of Turkey

Topics|

* Turkish people
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Census in Turkey|

* 1927
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Lists|

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Demographics of Asia

Sovereign states|

* Afghanistan
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States with
limited recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Northern Cyprus
* Palestine
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* Taiwan

Dependencies and
other territories|

* British Indian Ocean Territory
* Christmas Island
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* Category
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Demographics of Europe

Sovereign states|

* Albania
* Andorra
* Armenia
* Austria
* Azerbaijan
* Belarus
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* Bosnia and Herzegovina
* Bulgaria
* Croatia
* Cyprus
* Czech Republic
* Denmark
* Estonia
* Finland
* France
* Georgia
* Germany
* Greece
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* Iceland
* Ireland
*   * Italy
* Kazakhstan
* Latvia
* Liechtenstein
* Lithuania
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* Malta
* Moldova
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* Netherlands
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* Spain
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* Turkey
* Ukraine
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* England
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* Scotland
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* Vatican City

States with limited
recognition|

* Abkhazia
* Kosovo
* Northern Cyprus
* South Ossetia
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Dependencies and
other entities|

* Åland
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Other entities|

* European Union

*[Pop.]: Population
*[±% p.a.]: Per annum growth rate
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*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template