Dryopidae

Family of beetles

Dryopidae

Parnida species
Scientific classification
Kingdom:  | Animalia
Phylum:  | Arthropoda
Class:  | Insecta
Order:  | Coleoptera
Suborder:  | Polyphaga
Infraorder:  | Elateriformia
Superfamily:  | Byrrhoidea
Family:  | Dryopidae
Billberg, 1820

Dryopidae is a family of beetles, commonly named long-toed water beetles, in the superfamily Byrrhoidea. It was described by Gustaf Johan Billberg in 1820.[1][2]

## Description

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Long-toed water beetles are named for their extended claws. Adults have dense hairs, which allow the beetles to breathe while underwater. The flight muscles of the females weaken as they age.[3]

When the pupae complete the imago stage of their life cycle, they move towards running water, and may be attracted to lights.[3]

Despite being referred to as aquatic insects, the beetles are unable to swim,[2] clinging to detritus that float. All long-toed water beetles feed on plants that are in the water, but the larvae generally are terrestrial, and at least some also feed on plant matter. Stygoparnus is the only genus in the family in which both the larvae and adults are aquatic.[2][3][4][5]

Genera of the family closely resemble riffle beetles, but the antennae are different from the long-toed water beetles, looking similar to clubs.[6]

## Habitat

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Members of this family are found on every continent, except Antarctica and Australia, being more common in the tropics.[7] In 2005, a possible fossilized specimen of Dryopidae was found in the Crato Formation by entomologists David Grimaldi and Michael S. Engel.[4]

Beetles that have water as a habitat, including long-toed water beetles, can help show the quality of fresh water.[8]

## Genera

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* Ahaggaria Bollow, 1938
* Ceradryops Hinton, 1937
* Drylichus Heller, 1916
* Dryops Olivier, 1791
* Elmomorphus Sharp, 1888
* Elmoparnus Sharp, 1882
* Geoparnus Besuchet, 1978
* Guaranius Spangler, 1991
* Helichus Erichson, 1847
* Holcodryops Spangler, 1987
* Malaiseianus Bollow, 1940
* Onopelmus Spangler, 1980
* Oreoparvus Delève, 1965
* Pelonomus Erichson, 1847
* Phallodryops Delève, 1963[9]
* Postelichus Nelson, 1989
* Protoparnus Sharp, 1883
* Pseudopelonomus Brown, 1981
* Quadryops Perkins & Spangler, 1985
* Rapnus Grouvelle, 1899
* Sostea Pascoe, 1860
* Sosteamorphus Hinton, 1936
* Strina Redtenbacher, 1867
* Stygoparnus Barr & Spangler, 1992
* Uenodryops Satô, 1981
* Palaeoriohelmis Bollow, 1940
* Potamophilites Haupt, 1956

## References

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1. ^ "Dryopidae Billberg, 1820". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
2. ^ a b c Tory Peterson, Roger (1998). The Beetles of North America. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 163\. ISBN 9780395910894. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
3. ^ a b c V. Evans, Arthur; N. Hogue, James (2006). Field Guide to Beetles of California. University of California Press. pp. 137–138\. ISBN 9780520246553. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
4. ^ a b M. Martill, David; Bechly, Günter; F. Loveridge, Robert (2007). The Crato Fossil Beds of Brazil. Cambridge University Press. p. 345\. ISBN 9781139467766. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
5. ^ Kodada, Ján, Jäch, Manfred A. and Čiampor Jr., Fedor. "Dryopidae Bilberg, 1820 (1817): Coleoptera, Beetles". Handbook of Zoology Online, edited by Andreas Schmidt-Rhaesa. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016.
6. ^ Watson-Ferguson, Kami; Han, Cindy; McGarvey, Jason; Miller, Leah (2006). A Guide to Aquatic Insects and Crustaceans. Stackpole Books. p. 30\. ISBN 9780811732451. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
7. ^ H. Arnett, Ross; C. Thomas, Michael; E. Skelley, Paul; Howard, Frank (2010). American Beetles, Volume II. CRC Press. p. 122\. ISBN 9781420041231. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
8. ^ R. Spellman, Frank (2008). Handbook of Water and Wastewater Treatment Plant Operations, Second Edition. CRC Press. p. 496\. ISBN 9781420075311. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
9. ^ France, Société Entomologique de (2004). "Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France - Google Livros". Retrieved 2015-01-08.

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Extant Coleoptera families

* Kingdom: Animalia
* Phylum: Arthropoda
* Class: Insecta
* Subclass: Pterygota
* Infraclass: Neoptera
* Superorder: Holometabola

Suborder Archostemata

* Crowsoniellidae (Crowsoniella relicta)
* Cupedidae (reticulated beetles)
* Jurodidae (Sikhotealinia zhiltzovae)
* Micromalthidae
* Ommatidae

Suborder Adephaga

| Extant families|

* Amphizoidae (trout-stream beetles)
* Aspidytidae
* Carabidae (ground beetles)
* Cicindelidae (tiger beetles)
* Dytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)
* Gyrinidae (whirligig beetles)
* Haliplidae (crawling water beetles)
* Hygrobiidae
* Meruidae (Meru phyllisae)
* Noteridae (burrowing water beetles)
* Trachypachidae (false ground beetles)

|

Suborder Myxophaga

* Hydroscaphidae (skiff beetles)
* Lepiceridae
* Sphaeriusidae
* Torridincolidae

Suborder Polyphaga

| Bostrichiformia|

| Bostrichoidea|

* Bostrichidae (auger beetles)
* Dermestidae (skin beetles)
* Endecatomidae
* Jacobsoniidae (Jacobson's beetles)
* Nosodendridae (wounded-tree beetles)
* Ptiniidae (furniture beetles, death watch beetles, spider beetles)

|

Derodontoidea|

* Derodontidae (tooth-necked fungus beetles)

Cucujiformia|

| Chrysomeloidea|

* Cerambycidae (longhorn beetles)
* Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles)
* Disteniidae
* Megalopodidae
* Orsodacnidae
* Oxypeltidae
* Vesperidae

|

Cleroidea|

* Acanthocnemidae (Acanthocnemus nigricans)
* Biphyllidae (false skin beetles)
* Byturidae (fruitworm beetles)
* Chaetosomatidae
* Cleridae (checkered beetles)
* Lophocateridae
* Mauroniscidae
* Melyridae (soft-wing flower beetles)
* Metaxinidae (Metaxina ornata)
* Peltidae
* Phloiophilidae (Phloiophilus edwardsi)
* Phycosecidae
* Prionoceridae
* Protopeltidae
* Rentoniidae
* Rhadalidae
* Thanerocleridae
* Thymalidae
* Trogossitidae (bark-gnawing beetles)

Coccinelloidea|

* Akalyptoischiidae
* Alexiidae
* Anamorphidae
* Bothrideridae (dry bark beetles)
* Cerylonidae (minute bark beetles)
* Coccinellidae (lady beetles, or God's cows)
* Corylophidae (minute fungus beetles)
* Discolomatidae
* Endomychidae (handsome fungus beetles)
* Eupsilobiidae
* Euxestidae (well polished beetles)
* Latridiidae (minute brown scavenger beetles)
* Murmidiidae
* Mycetaeidae
* Teredidae

Cucujoidea|

* Agapythidae (Agapytho foveicollis)
* Boganiidae
* Cavognathidae
* Cryptophagidae (silken fungus beetles)
* Cucujidae (flat bark beetles)
* Cybocephalidae
* Cyclaxyridae
* Erotylidae (pleasing fungus beetles)
* Helotidae
* Hobartiidae
* Kateretidae (short-winged flower beetles)
* Laemophloeidae (lined flat bark beetles)
* Lamingtoniidae (Lamingtonium binnaberrense)
* Monotomidae (root-eating beetles)
* Myraboliidae
* Nitidulidae (sap beetles)
* Passandridae (parasitic flat bark beetles)
* Phalacridae (shining flower beetles)
* Phloeostichidae
* Priasilphidae
* Propalticidae
* Protocucujidae
* Silvanidae (silvanid flat bark beetles)
* Smicripidae (palmetto beetles)
* Sphindidae (dry-fungus beetles)
* Tasmosalpingidae

Curculionoidea
(weevils)|

* Anthribidae (fungus weevils)
* Attelabidae (leaf-rolling weevils)
* Belidae (primitive weevils)
* Brentidae (straight snout weevils, New York weevil)
* Caridae
* Curculionidae (true weevils, bark beetles, ambrosia beetles)
* Nemonychidae (pine flower weevils)

Lymexyloidea|

* Lymexylidae (ship-timber beetles)

Tenebrionoidea|

* Aderidae (ant-like leaf beetles)
* Anthicidae (ant-like flower beetles)
* Archeocrypticidae (cryptic fungus beetles)
* Boridae (conifer bark beetles)
* Chalcodryidae
* Ciidae (minute tree-fungus beetles)
* Melandryidae (false darkling beetles)
* Meloidae (blister beetles)
* Mordellidae (tumbling flower beetles)
* Mycetophagidae (hairy fungus beetles)
* Mycteridae (palm and flower beetles)
* Oedemeridae (false blister beetle)
* Perimylopidae, or Promecheilidae
* Prostomidae (jugular-horned beetles)
* Pterogeniidae
* Pyrochroidae (fire-coloured beetles)
* Pythidae (dead log bark beetles)
* Ripiphoridae (wedge-shaped beetles)
* Salpingidae (narrow-waisted bark beetles)
* Scraptiidae (false flower beetles)
* Stenotrachelidae (false longhorn beetles)
* Synchroidae (synchroa bark beetles)
* Tenebrionidae (darkling beetles)
* Tetratomidae (polypore fungus beetles)
* Trictenotomidae
* Ulodidae
* Zopheridae (ironclad beetles, cylindrical bark beetles)

Elateriformia|

| Buprestoidea|

* Buprestidae (jewel beetles, or metallic wood-boring beetles)
* Schizopodidae

|

Byrrhoidea|

* Byrrhidae (pill beetles)
* Callirhipidae (cedar beetles)
* Chelonariidae (turtle beetles)
* Cneoglossidae
* Dryopidae (long-toed water beetles)
* Elmidae (riffle beetles)
* Eulichadidae (forest stream beetles)
* Heteroceridae (variegated mud-loving beetles)
* Limnichidae (minute mud beetles)
* Lutrochidae (travertine beetles)
* Psephenidae (water-penny beetles)
* Ptilodactylidae

Dascilloidea|

* Dascillidae (soft bodied plant beetles)
* Rhipiceridae (cicada beetle, cicada parasite beetles)

Elateroidea|

* Artematopodidae (soft-bodied plant beetles)
* Brachypsectridae (Texas beetles)
* Cantharidae (soldier beetles)
* Cerophytidae (rare click beetles)
* Elateridae (click beetles)
* Eucnemidae (false click beetles)
* Jurasaidae
* Lampyridae (fireflies)
* Lycidae (net-winged beetles)
* Omethidae (false fireflies, long-lipped beetles)
* Phengodidae (glowworm beetles)
* Rhagophthalmidae
* Sinopyrophoridae
* Throscidae (false metallic wood-boring beetles)

Rhinorhipoidea|

* Rhinorhipidae (Rhinorhipus tamborinensis)

Scirtoidea|

* Clambidae
* Decliniidae (Declinia relicta)
* Eucinetidae (plate-thigh beetles)
* Scirtidae

Scarabaeiformia|

| Scarabaeoidea|

* Belohinidae (Belohina inexpectata)
* Bolboceratidae
* Diphyllostomatidae (false stag beetles)
* Geotrupidae (dor beetles)
* Glaphyridae (bumble bee scarab beetles)
* Glaresidae (enigmatic scarab beetles)
* Hybosoridae (scavenger scarab beetles)
* Lucanidae (stag beetles)
* Ochodaeidae (sand-loving scarab beetles)
* Passalidae (betsy beetles)
* Pleocomidae (rain beetles)
* Scarabaeidae (scarabs)
* Trogidae (hide beetles)

|

Staphyliniformia|

| Histeroidea|

* Histeridae (clown beetles)
* Sphaeritidae (false clown beetles)
* Synteliidae

|

Hydrophiloidea|

* Epimetopidae
* Georissidae (minute mud-loving beetles)
* Helophoridae
* Hydrochidae
* Hydrophilidae (water scavenger beetles)
* Spercheidae

Staphylinoidea|

* Agyrtidae (primitive carrion beetles)
* Hydraenidae
* Leiodidae (round fungus beetles)
* Ptiliidae (feather-winged beetles)
* Silphidae (carrion beetles)
* Staphylinidae (rove beetles)

List of subgroups of the order Coleoptera

Taxon identifiers

Dryopidae|

* Wikidata: Q141002
* Wikispecies: Dryopidae
* BioLib: 8239
* BOLD: 111679
* BugGuide: 27296
* CoL: 9H4
* EoL: 7448
* Fauna Europaea: 11151
* Fauna Europaea (new): dcd36031-c338-4b20-962b-9312498f0ce2
* GBIF: 4732
* iNaturalist: 178026
* IRMNG: 100156
* ITIS: 113999
* NBN: NHMSYS0001717980
* NCBI: 186976
* NZOR: 98be1965-9cd3-4541-bb85-fa0cd590966a
* Open Tree of Life: 567887
* Paleobiology Database: 346212
* Plazi: 921787F1-F100-994A-B3F2-FF69FED5B820
* WoRMS: 890553

Authority control databases: National |

* Israel

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