Duke of Bedford

Title in the Peerage of England

"Baron Russell" redirects here. For other uses, see Lord Russell.

Duke of Bedford

Argent, a lion rampant gules on a chief sable three escallops of the first (Russell).[1]

Creation date| 11 May 1694
Creation| Sixth
Created by| William III and Mary II
Peerage| Peerage of England
First holder| William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford
Present holder| Andrew Russell, 15th Duke
Heir apparent| Henry Russell, Marquess of Tavistock
Remainder to| 1st Duke's heirs male of the body lawfully begotten
Subsidiary titles| Marquess of Tavistock
Earl of Bedford
Baron Russell
Baron Russell of Thornhaugh
Baron Howland
Seat(s)| Woburn Abbey

Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England. The first creation came in 1414 for Henry IV's third son, John, who later served as regent of France. In 1433 he surrendered the title and it was re-granted to him. The title became extinct on his death in 1435. The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville, nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker. He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478. The fourth creation came in 1478 in favour of George, the third son of Edward IV. He died the following year at the age of two. The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor, half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII. He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452. However, as he was a Lancastrian, his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York. He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year. He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495.

John Russell, a close adviser of Henry VIII and Edward VI, was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551, and his descendant William, 5th Earl, was created Duke in 1694, following the Glorious Revolution. The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford.

The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford, all in the Peerage of England, are Marquess of Tavistock (created 1694), Earl of Bedford (1550), Baron Russell, of Cheneys (1539), Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton (1603), and Baron Howland, of Streatham in the County of Surrey (1695). The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock.

Every duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England. The family seat is Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire. The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell family and the dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael's Church in Chenies, Buckinghamshire (photo).[2] The family owns the Bedford Estate in central London.

## Duke of Bedford, first creation (1414)

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Other titles: Earl of Kendal (1414) and Earl of Richmond (1414)

* John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford (1389–1435), third son of Henry IV

## Duke of Bedford, second creation (1433)

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Other titles: Earl of Kendal (1414) and Earl of Richmond (1414)

* John of Lancaster, Duke of Bedford (1389–1435), regranted his dukedom with the standard remainder,[3] died without issue

## Duke of Bedford, third creation (1470)

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Other titles: Marquess of Montagu (1470) and Baron Montagu (1461)

* George Neville, Duke of Bedford (1457–1483), nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker, succeeded as Marquess of Montagu and Baron Montagu in 1471, deprived of all of his honours in 1478

## Duke of Bedford, fourth creation (1478)

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* George Plantagenet, Duke of Bedford (1477–1479), third son of Edward IV, died in infancy

## Duke of Bedford, fifth creation (1485)

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Other titles: Earl of Pembroke (1452)

* Jasper Tudor, Duke of Bedford (1431–1495), uncle of Henry VII, regained his earldom a few months after his nephew's accession. He died without legitimate issue.[4]

## Duke of Bedford, sixth creation

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### Earl of Bedford (1551)

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Other titles: Baron Russell (1539)

* John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford (c. 1485–1555), a close advisor of Henry VIII, was later created Earl of Bedford, by then a close advisor of Henry's son Edward VI, was further honoured by him
* Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford (1527–1585), son of the 1st Earl
* Edward Russell, Lord Russell (1551–1572), eldest son of the 2nd Earl
* John Russell, 3rd Baron Russell (c. 1553–1584), second son of the 2nd Earl, summoned to Parliament by writ of acceleration
* Francis Russell, Lord Russell (c. 1554–1585), third son of the 2nd Earl
* William Russell, 1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh (c.1557–1613), fourth son of the 2nd Earl
* Edward Russell, 3rd Earl of Bedford (1572–1627), son of Francis, Lord Russell

Other titles (4th Earl onwards): Baron Russell of Thornhaugh (1603)

* Francis Russell, 4th Earl of Bedford (1593–1641), cousin of the 3rd Earl and son of Lord Russell of Thornhaugh (fourth son of the 2nd Earl)
* William Russell, 5th Earl of Bedford (1616–1700), eldest son of the 4th Earl, was created Duke of Bedford in 1694
* Francis Russell, Lord Russell (1638–1679), eldest son of the 5th Earl, died unmarried
* Rt. Hon. William Russell, Lord Russell (1639–1683), second son of the 5th Earl, father of the 2nd Duke,[5] was attainted and executed in 1683

### Origins

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Part of this section is transcluded from John Russell, 1st Earl of Bedford. (edit | history)

John Russell was born c. 1485 probably at Berwick-by-Swyre, Dorset, the son of Sir James Russell (d. Nov. 1505)[6] and his first wife Alice Wyse, daughter of Thomas Wyse of Sidenham, near Tavistock, Devon.[7] James's father was possibly Sir William Russell, but more likely his brother John Russell (d. pre-November, 1505) by his wife Alice Froxmere, daughter of John Froxmere of Droitwich, Worcestershire, because his coat of arms quarters Froxmere.[8] The elder John Russell was the son of Sir Henry Russell (d. 1463/4), and Elizabeth Herring, daughter of John Herring of Chaldon Herring. Henry, a great-grandfather of the 1st earl, was a substantial wine merchant and shipper, who represented Weymouth in the House of Commons four times.[9][10]

The Russell pedigree can only be traced back with certainty to Henry Russell's father, Sir Stephen Russell, the evidence being contained in a deed of April 1440[11] in which Henry Russell made over to his daughter Christina and her husband Walter Cheverell of Chauntemarle, a tenement in Dorchester to be held of himself and his heirs upon the rent of a red rose. In the deed, Henry referred to himself as son and heir of Sir Stephen Russell and of Alice, his wife.[12] This Alice appears to have been the heir general of the De la Tour family,[13] which had long owned Berwick-by-Swyre, and by whom therefore the manor was brought into the Russell family.

Both Sir Henry and Sir Stephen were referred to as Gascoigne as well as Russell, possibly due to their wine trade with France (see Gascoigne), as in a 1442 pardon under the Privy Seal referring to Henry Russell of Weymouth, merchant, alias Henry Gascoign, gentleman.[14] It was long believed in the noble Russell family, certainly by the 2nd Earl of Bedford, that the family was descended from the ancient family of Russell of Kingston Russell in Dorset, three miles north-east of Berwick, which descent was declared unproven by Gladys Scott Thomson in her Two Centuries of Family History, London, 1930, an exhaustive and scholarly work on the early pedigree of the Earls of Bedford.[15] (For a disambiguation of the Bedford Russells and the Russells of Kingston Russell, see Kingston Russell House.)

### Duke of Bedford (1694)

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William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford

Other titles: Marquess of Tavistock (1694), Baron Howland (1695), Earl of Bedford (1551), Baron Russell (1538) and Baron Russell of Thornhaugh (1603)

* William Russell, 1st Duke of Bedford (1616–1700), was created Duke of Bedford in 1694, after the Glorious Revolution
* Francis Russell, Lord Russell (1638–1679), eldest son of the 1st Duke, died unmarried
* Rt. Hon. William Russell, Lord Russell (1639–1683), second son of the 1st Duke
* Wriothesley Russell, 2nd Duke of Bedford (1680–1711), only son of Rt. Hon. William Russell, Lord Russell (whose attainder had been reversed in 1688)
* William Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (1703), eldest son of the 2nd Duke, died in infancy
* William Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (1704–c. 1707), second son of the 2nd Duke, died young
* Wriothesley Russell, 3rd Duke of Bedford (1708–1732), third son of the 2nd Duke, died without issue
* John Russell, 4th Duke of Bedford (1710–1771), fourth and youngest son of the 2nd Duke
* John Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (1732–1732), eldest son of the 4th Duke, died in infancy
* Francis Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (1739–1767), second son of the 4th Duke and father of the 5th and 6th Dukes
* Francis Russell, 5th Duke of Bedford (1765–1802), eldest son of Lord Tavistock, died without issue
* John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford (1766–1839), second son of Lord Tavistock
* Francis Russell, 7th Duke of Bedford (1788–1861), eldest son of the 6th Duke
* William Russell, 8th Duke of Bedford (1809–1872), only son of the 7th Duke, died unmarried
* Francis Charles Hastings Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford (1819–1891), eldest son of Maj.-Gen. Lord George Russell, second son of the 6th Duke
* George William Francis Sackville Russell, 10th Duke of Bedford (1852–1893), eldest son of the 9th Duke, died without legitimate issue issue.
* Herbrand Arthur Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford (1858–1940), second son of the 9th Duke
* Hastings William Sackville Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford (1888–1953), only son of the 11th Duke
* John Ian Robert Russell, 13th Duke of Bedford (1917–2002), eldest son of the 12th Duke
* Henry Robin Ian Russell, 14th Duke of Bedford (1940–2003), eldest son of the 13th Duke
* Andrew Ian Henry Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford (born 1962), eldest son of the 14th Duke

The heir apparent is the present holder's only son, Henry Robin Charles Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (b. 2005).

### Line of succession (simplified)

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Line of succession (simplified) [16]

* John Russell, 6th Duke of Bedford (1766–1839)
* Francis Russell, 7th Duke of Bedford (1788–1861)
* William Russell, 8th Duke of Bedford (1809–1872)
* Lord George William Russell (1790–1846)
* (Francis) Hastings Russell, 9th Duke of Bedford (1819–1891)
* George Russell, 10th Duke of Bedford (1852–1893)
* Herbrand Russell, 11th Duke of Bedford (1858–1940)
* Hastings Russell, 12th Duke of Bedford (1888–1953)
* Ian Russell, 13th Duke of Bedford (1917–2002)
* Robin Russell, 14th Duke of Bedford (1940–2003)
* Andrew Russell, 15th Duke of Bedford (born 1962)
* (1). Henry Robin Charles Russell, Marquess of Tavistock (born 2005)
* (2). Lord Robin Loel Hastings Russell (born 1963)
* (3). Lord James Edward Herbrand Russell (born 1975)
* (4). Alexander Charles Robin Russell (born 2010)
* (5). Leo William Caspar Russell (born 2013)
* (6). Lord Rudolf Russell (born 1944)
* (7). Lord Francis Hastings Russell (born 1950)
* (8). John Francis Russell (born 1997)
* (9). Harry Evelyn Terence Russell (born 1999)
* Lord Hugh Hastings Russell (1923–2005)
* male issue in line
* Lord Arthur John Edward Russell (1825–1892)
* Harold John Hastings Russell (1868–1926)
* Anthony Arthur Russell (1904–1978)
* male issue in line
* Gilbert Byng Alwyne Russell (1875–1942)
* Martin Basil Paul Russell (1918–2003)
* male issue in line
* Odo Russell, 1st Baron Ampthill (1829–1884)
* Barons Ampthill
* John Russell, 1st Earl Russell (1792–1878)
* Earls Russell
* Lord Charles James Fox Russell (1807–1894)
* Henry Charles Russell (1842–1922)
* Sir Thomas Wentworth Russell (1879–1954)
* Sir John Wriothesley Russell (1914–1984)
* male issue in line

## Family trees

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* v
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* e

Family tree: Earls of Bedford, Dukes of Bedford, Earls of Orford, and Earls Russell

| | | | | | | | | | | | | King Edward III
1312–1377

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| | | | | | | | | | | | John of Gaunt
1340–1399
Duke of Lancaster
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| | | | | | | | King Henry IV
1367–1413| | | | | | Joan Beaufort
c. 1379–1440
Countess of Westmorland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | Duke of Bedford (1st creation), 1414
Duke of Bedford (2nd creation), 1433| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
King Henry V
1386–1422| | | | | | | John of Lancaster
1389–1435
Duke of Bedford| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Bedford (1st creation) extinct, 1432
Dukedom of Bedford (2nd creation) extinct, 1435| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Catherine of Valois
1401–1437| | Owen Tudor
1400–1461| | Cecily Neville
1415–1495
Duchess of York| | | | | | Richard Neville
1400–1460
5th Earl of Salisbury
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Duke of Bedford (5th creation), 1485| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
King Henry VI
1421–1471| | Edmund Tudor
c. 1430–1456
1st Earl of Richmond| | Jasper Tudor
c. 1431–1495
Duke of Bedford| | King Edward IV
1442–1483| | King Richard III
1452–1485| | John Neville
c. 1431–1471
1st Marquess of Montagu
| | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Bedford (5th creation) extinct, 1495| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Bedford (4th creation), 1478| | Duke of Bedford (3rd creation), 1470
| | | | King Henry VII
1457–1509| | | | | | Elizabeth of York
1466–1503| | George Plantagenet
1477–1479
Duke of Bedford| | George Neville
c. 1457–1483
Duke of Bedford
| | | |
| | | | | | | | Baron Russell, 1539
Earl of Bedford (3rd creation), 1551| | | | | | Dukedom of Bedford (4th creation) extinct, 1479| | Dukedom of Bedford (3rd creation) extinct, 1478
| | | | | | | | John Russell
c. 1485–1555
1st Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Francis Russell
1527–1585
2nd Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Baron Russell of Thornhaugh, 1603
Edward Russell
1551–1572
Lord Russell| | John Russell
c. 1553–1584
Lord Russell| | Francis Russell
c. 1554–1585
Lord Russell| | William Russell
c. 1558–1613
1st Baron Russell of Thornhaugh
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Edward Russell
1572–1627
3rd Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell| | Francis Russell
1593–1641
4th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell, 2nd Baron Russell of Thornhaugh
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | Duke of Bedford (6th creation) and Marquess of Tavistock, 1694
Baron Howland, 1695| | | | |
| | | | | | | | William Russell
1616–1700
1st Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
5th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
3rd Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | Edward Russell
1626–1665
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earl of Orford (1st creation), Viscount Barfleur and Baron of Shingay, in the County of Cambridge, 1697
Francis Russell
1638–1679
Lord Russell| | William Russell
1639–1683
Lord Russell| | Margaret Russell
1656–1702| | Edward Russell
1652–1727
Earl of Orford| | | | | | Robert Walpole
1650–1700
| | | | Attainted, 1683| | | | | | Earldom of Orford (1st creation) extinct, 1727| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earl of Orford (2nd creation), Viscount Walpole and Baron Walpole of Houghton in the County of Norfolk, 1742| | Baron Walpole of Wolterton in the County of Norfolk
| | | | Wriothesley Russell
1680–1711
2nd Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
5th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
6th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | | | | | | | | | Robert Walpole
1676–1745
1st Earl of Orford, Viscount Walpole, and Baron Walpole of Houghton| | Horatio Walpole
1678–1757
1st Baron Walpole of Wolterton
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | Baron Walpole of Walpole in the County of Norfolk| | | | | | | | | | | | Earl of Orford (3rd creation), 1806
Wriothesley Russell
1708–1732
3rd Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
5th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
7th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | John Russell
1710–1771
4th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
8th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
6th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | Robert Walpole
1701–1751
2nd Earl of Orford, Viscount Walpole, and Baron Walpole of Houghton,
1st Baron Walpole of Walpole| | Horace Walpole
"Horatio"
1717–1797
4th Earl of Orford, Viscount Walpole, and Baron Walpole of Houghton,
3rd Baron Walpole of Walpole| | Maria Walpole
1725–1801| | Horatio Walpole "the Younger"
1723–1809
1st Earl of Orford, 4th Baron Walpole of Walpole, 2nd Baron Walpole of Wolterton
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earldom of Orford (2nd creation) extinct, 1797| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Francis Russell
1739–1767
styled Marquess of Tavistock| | George Walpole
1730–1791
3rd Earl of Orford, Viscount Walpole, and Baron Walpole of Houghton,
2nd Baron Walpole of Walpole| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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Francis Russell
1765–1802
5th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
9th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
7th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh,
7th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | John Russell
1766–1839
6th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
10th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
8th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | William Russell
1767–1840| | | | | | Sophia Churchill
d. 1797| | Horatio Walpole
1752–1822
2nd Earl of Orford, 5th Baron Walpole of Walpole, 3rd Baron Walpole of Wolterton

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley, 1861| | | | |
Francis Russell
1788–1861
7th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
11th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
9th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | George William Russell
1790–1846| | | | | | John Russell
1792–1878
1st Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley| | Horatio Walpole
1783–1858
3rd Earl of Orford, 6th Baron Walpole of Walpole, 4th Baron Walpole of Wolterton
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | | | Baron Ampthill, 1881| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
William Russell
1809–1872
8th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
12th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
10th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | Francis Charles Hastings Russell
1819–1891
9th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
13th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
11th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | Odo William Leopold Russell
1829–1884
1st Baron Ampthill| | John Russell
1842–1876
Viscount Amberley| | Horatio Walpole
1813–1858
4th Earl of Orford, 7th Baron Walpole of Walpole, 5th Baron Walpole of Wolterton| | Robert Walpole
1854–1931
5th Earl of Orford, 8th Baron Walpole of Walpole, 6th Baron Walpole of Wolterton
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Earldom of Orford (3rd creation) extinct, 1931
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| | | | George William Francis Sackville Russell
1852–1893
10th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
14th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
12th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | Herbrand Arthur Russell
1858–1940
11th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
15th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
13th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | John Francis Stanley Russell
1865–1931
2nd Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley| | Bertrand Arthur William Russell
1872–1970
3rd Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Hastings William Sackville Russell
1888–1953
12th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
16th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
14th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | | | | | | | |
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| | | | | | | | John Ian Robert Russell
1917–2002
13th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
17th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
15th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | John Conrad Russell
1921–1987
4th Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley| | Conrad Sebastian Robert Russell
1937–2004
5th Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Henry Robin Ian Russell
1940–2003
14th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
18th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
16th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh| | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | | | | | Andrew Ian Henry Russell
15th Duke of Bedford, Marquess of Tavistock, and Baron Howland
19th Earl of Bedford and Baron Russell,
17th Baron Russell of Thornhaugh
b. 1962| | | | | | Nicholas Lyulph Russell
1968–2014
6th Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley| | John Francis Russell
b. 1971
7th Earl Russell and Viscount Amberley
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | Henry Robin Charles Russell
b. 2005
styled Marquess of Tavistock

* v
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* e

Family tree of Royal dukes in the United Kingdom

Includes dukes of: Albany, Albemarle, Bedford, Cambridge, Clarence, Connaught and Strathearn, Cumberland, Edinburgh, Gloucester, Gloucester and Edinburgh, Hereford, Kent, Kintyre and Lorne, Norfolk, Ross, Somerset, Sussex, Windsor, and York, but only when royally.

Non-royal dukes are not included; see Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom.
Titles mandated for use by the heir apparent (Duke of Rothesay and the 1337 creation of the Duke of Cornwall) are also not included, see Princes of Wales family tree.

| Robert II
1316–1390| | | | | | | | | | | | | | King Edward III
1312–1377

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| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Duke of Albany (1st creation), 1398| | | | | | | Duke of Clarence (1st creation), 1362| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York (1st creation), 1385| | | | |
Robert III
c. 1337–1406| | Robert Stewart
c. 1340–1420
1st Duke of Albany| | Edward the Black Prince
1330–1376| | Lionel of Antwerp
1338–1368
Duke of Clarence| | | | | | John of Gaunt
1340–1399| | | | | | Edmund of Langley
1341–1402
1st Duke of York| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Clarence (1st creation) extinct, 1368| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | Duke of Cornwall (2nd creation), 1376| | | | | | Duke of Hereford, 1397| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Gloucester (1st creation), 1385
| | | | | Murdoch Stewart
c. 1362–1425
2nd Duke of Albany| | Richard of Bordeaux
1367–1400
Duke of Cornwall, later King Richard II| | | | | | Henry Bolingbroke
1367–1413
Duke of Hereford, later King Henry IV| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Thomas of Woodstock
1355–1397
Duke of Gloucester
| | | | | Dukedom of Albany (1st creation) forfeit, 1425| | Dukedom of Cornwall (2nd creation) merged in the crown, 1377| | | | | | Dukedom of Hereford merged in the crown, 1399| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Gloucester (1st creation) extinct, 1397
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Duke of Clarence (2nd creation), 1412| | Duke of Bedford (1st & 2nd creations), 1414| | Duke of Gloucester (2nd creation), 1414| | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation), 1397| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Thomas of Lancaster
1387–1421
Duke of Clarence| | John of Lancaster
1389–1435
Duke of Bedford
Surrendered dukedom and then regranted, 1433| | Humphrey of Lancaster
1390–1447
Duke of Gloucester| | John Beaufort
1373–1410| | Joan Beaufort
c. 1379–1440| | Edward of Norwich
c. 1373–1415
Duke of Aumale, 2nd Duke of York| | Richard of Conisburgh
1385–1415
| | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Clarence (2nd creation) extinct, 1421| | Dukedom of Bedford (2nd creation) extinct, 1435| | Dukedom of Gloucester (2nd creation) extinct, 1447| | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Albemarle (Aumale) (1st creation) forfeit, 1399| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York (1st creation) restored, 1425
Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation), 1460
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
James I
1394–1437| | Joan Beaufort
c. 1404–1445| | | | | | John Beaufort
1404–1444| | | | | | | | | | Richard Neville
1400–1460| | Cecily Neville
1415–1495| | Richard of York
1411–1460
3rd Duke of York, Duke of Cornwall
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Cornwall (3rd creation) extinct, 1460
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Duke of Bedford (5th creation), 1485| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Clarence (3rd creation), 1461| | Duke of Gloucester (3rd creation), 1461
James II
1430–1460| | Jasper Tudor
c. 1431–1495
Duke of Bedford| | Edmund Tudor
c. 1430–1456| | Lady Margaret Beaufort
1443–1509| | John Neville
c. 1431–1471| | Elizabeth Woodville
c. 1437–1492| | Prince Edward
1442–1483
4th Duke of York, later King Edward IV| | George Plantagenet
1449–1478
Duke of Clarence| | Richard of York
1452–1485
Duke of Gloucester, later King Richard III
| | |
| | | | | Dukedom of Bedford (5th creation) extinct, 1495| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of York (1st creation) merged in the Crown, 1461| | Dukedom of Clarence (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478| | Dukedom of Gloucester (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1483
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Duke of Albany (2nd creation), 1458| | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Bedford (3rd creation), 1470| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York (2nd creation), 1474
Duke of Norfolk (3rd creation), 1477| | Duke of Bedford (4th creation), 1478
Alexander Stewart
c. 1454–1485
1st Duke of Albany| | James III
1451/1452–1488| | | | | | George Neville
1457–1483
Duke of Bedford| | King Henry VII
1457–1509| | Elizabeth of York
1466–1503| | | | | | Richard of Shrewsbury
1473–1483
Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk| | George of York
1477–1479
Duke of Bedford

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Bedford (3rd creation) forfeit, 1478| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of York (2nd creation) and Dukedom of Norfolk (3rd creation) extinct, 1483| | Dukedom of Bedford (4th creation) extinct, 1479
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | Duke of Ross (1st creation), 1488| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York (3rd creation), 1494| | Duke of Somerset (3rd creation), 1499
John Stewart
1482–1536
2nd Duke of Albany| | James Stewart
1476–1504
Duke of Ross| | James IV
1473–1513| | | | | | Margaret Tudor
1489–1541| | Prince Henry
1491–1547
Duke of York, later King Henry VIII| | Edmund Tudor
1499–1500
Duke of Somerset (nominated but probably not invested)
| | | | |
Dukedom of Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1536| | Dukedom of Ross (1st creation) extinct, 1504| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of York (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1509| | Dukedom of Somerset (3rd creation) extinct, 1500
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Ross (2nd creation), 1514
| | | | | | | | | | | | James V
1512–1542| | Alexander Stewart
1514–1515
Duke of Ross
| | | | | | | | Duke of Albany (3rd creation), 1565| | | | | | | Dukedom of Ross (2nd creation) extinct, 1515
| | | | | | | | Henry Stuart
1546–1567
1st Duke of Albany| | Mary, Queen of Scots
1542–1587

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | Prince James
1566–1625
2nd Duke of Albany, later King James VI & I
| | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Albany (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 1567
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Albany (4th creation), 1604
Duke of York (4th creation), 1605| | Duke of Kintyre and Lorne, 1602
| | | | | | | | Princess Elizabeth Stuart
1596–1662| | | | | | Prince Charles
1600–1649
Duke of Albany, Duke of York, later King Charles I| | Robert Stuart
1602
Duke of Kintyre and Lorne
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Albany (4th creation), Dukedom of York (4th creation) merged in the Crown, 1625| | Dukedom of Kintyre and Lorne extinct, 1602
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York (5th creation) 1644
Duke of Albany (5th creation), 1660| | Duke of Gloucester (4th creation), 1659
| | | | | | | | Sophia of Hanover
1630–1714| | | | | | James Stuart
1633–1701
Duke of York, Duke of Albany, later King James II| | Prince Henry
1640–1660
Duke of Gloucester
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Albany (5th creation) and Dukedom of York (5th creation) merged in the Crown, 1685| | Dukedom of Gloucester (4th creation) extinct, 1660
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Duke of York and Albany (1st creation), 1716| | | | | | | Duke of Cambridge (1st creation), 1664| | | | | | | Duke of Kendal (1st creation), 1666| | Duke of Cambridge (2nd creation), 1667| | | | |
| | | | King George I
1660–1727| | Ernest Augustus
1674–1728
Duke of York and Albany| | Charles Stuart
1660–1661
styled Duke of Cambridge| | James Stuart
1663–1667
Duke of Cambridge| | Queen Anne
1665–1714| | Charles Stuart
1666–1667
designated Duke of Kendal| | Edgar Stuart
1667–1671
Duke of Cambridge| | Charles Stuart
1677
styled Duke of Cambridge
| | | | | | | | | Dukedom of York and Albany (1st creation) extinct, 1728| | | | | | Dukedom of Cambridge (1st creation) extinct, 1667| | | | | | | Dukedom of Kendal (1st creation), extinct, 1667| | Dukedom of Cambridge (2nd creation) extinct, 1671
| | | | Duke of Cambridge (3rd creation)| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Prince George
1683–1760
Duke of Cambridge, later King George II| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Prince William
1689–1700
styled Duke of Gloucester
| | | | Dukedom of Cambridge (3rd creation) merged with the Crown, 1727
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | Duke of Edinburgh (1st creation), 1726| | Duke of Cumberland (3rd creation), 1726
| | | | Prince Frederick Louis
1707–1751
1st Duke of Edinburgh, styled Duke of Gloucester until created Duke of Edinburgh| | Prince William Augustus
1721–1765
Duke of Cumberland
| | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Cumberland (3rd creation) extinct, 1765
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of York and Albany (2nd creation), 1760| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh, 1764| | Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn, 1766
| | | | Prince George William Frederick
1738–1820
2nd Duke of Edinburgh, later King George III| | | | | | Prince Edward
1739–1767
Duke of York and Albany| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Prince William Henry
1743–1805
1st Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh| | Prince Henry
1745–1790
Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn
| | | | Dukedom of Edinburgh (1st creation), merged in the Crown, 1760| | | | | | Dukedom of York and Albany (2nd creation) extinct, 1767| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Gloucester and Edinburgh unused, 1805–1816| | Dukedom of Cumberland and Strathearn extinct, 1790
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Duke of York and Albany (3rd creation), 1784| | Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, 1789| | Duke of Kent and Strathearn, 1799| | Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale, 1799| | Duke of Sussex (1st creation), 1801| | Duke of Cambridge (4th creation), 1801| | | | | | | | | |
Prince Frederick
1763–1827
Duke of York and Albany| | Prince William Henry
1765–1837, Duke of Clarence and St Andrews, later King William IV| | Prince Edward
1767–1820
Duke of Kent and Strathearn| | Ernest Augustus
1771–1851
King of Hanover, 1st Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale| | Prince Augustus Frederick
1773–1843
Duke of Sussex| | Prince Adolphus
1774–1850
1st Duke of Cambridge| | Princess Mary
1776–1857| | Prince William Frederick
1776–1834
2nd Duke of Gloucester and Edinburgh
Dukedom of York and Albany (3rd creation) extinct, 1827| | Dukedom of Clarence and St Andrews merged in the Crown, 1830| | Dukedom of Kent and Strathearn extinct, 1820| | | | | | | Dukedom of Sussex (1st creation) extinct, 1843| | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Gloucester and Edinburgh extinct, 1834
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | | | | | Queen Victoria
1819–1901| | George V
1819–1878
King of Hanover, 2nd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale| | | | | | Prince George
1819–1904
2nd Duke of Cambridge| | Princess Mary Adelaide of Cambridge
1833–1897
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Cambridge (4th creation) extinct, 1904| | | | | |
| | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Edinburgh (2nd creation), 1866| | | Duke of Connaught and Strathearn, 1874| | Duke of Albany (6th creation), 1881
| | | | King Edward VII
1841–1910| | | | | | Prince Ernest Augustus
1845–1923
3rd Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale| | Princess Alice
1843–1878| | Prince Alfred Ernest Albert
1844–1900
Duke of Edinburgh| | | Prince Arthur
1850–1942
1st Duke of Connaught and Strathearn| | Prince Leopold
1853–1884
1st Duke of Albany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Cumberland and Teviotdale forfeit, 1919| | | | | | | Dukedom of Edinburgh (2nd creation) extinct, 1900| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Duke of Clarence and Avondale, 1890| | Duke of York (6th creation), 1892| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | |
Prince Albert Victor
1864–1892
Duke of Clarence and Avondale| | George Frederick Ernest Albert
1865–1936
Duke of York, later King George V| | Mary of Teck
1867–1953| | Princess Victoria of Hesse and by Rhine
1863–1950| | | | | | | | | | Prince Arthur of Connaught
1883–1938| | | | |

Dukedom of Clarence and Avondale extinct, 1892| | Dukedom of York (6th creation) merged in the Crown, 1910| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Duke of Windsor, 1937| | Duke of York (7th creation), 1920| | | | | | | | | | | Duke of Kent (2nd creation), 1934| | Duke of Gloucester (5th creation), 1928| | | | | | | | | |
King Edward VIII
1894–1972
Later Duke of Windsor| | Prince Albert Frederick Arthur George
1895–1952
Duke of York, later King George VI| | | | | | Princess Alice of Battenberg
1885–1969| | Prince George
1902–1942
1st Duke of Kent| | Prince Henry
1900–1974
1st Duke of Gloucester| | Prince Alastair Arthur
1914–1943
2nd Duke of Connaught and Strathearn| | Prince Charles Edward
1884–1954
2nd Duke of Albany
Dukedom of Windsor extinct, 1972| | Dukedom of York (7th creation) merged in the Crown, 1936| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Dukedom of Connaught and Strathearn extinct, 1943| | Dukedom of Albany (6th creation) forfeit, 1919
| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Duke of Edinburgh (3rd creation), 1947| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Queen Elizabeth II
1926–2022| | Prince Philip
1921–2021
1st Duke of Edinburgh| | | | | | Prince Edward
b. 1935
2nd Duke of Kent| | | | |

| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | Duke of York (8th creation), 1986| | Duke of Edinburgh (4th creation), 2023| | | | | | | | | |
| | | | King Charles III
b. 1948
| | Prince Andrew
b. 1960
Duke of York| | Prince Edward
b. 1964
Duke of Edinburgh| | George Windsor
b. 1962| | Prince Richard
b. 1944
2nd Duke of Gloucester
| | | | Dukedom of Edinburgh (3rd creation) merged in the Crown, 2022| | No male heirs| | Dukedom of Edinburgh (4th creation) is a life peerage and therefore not hereditary| | Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Kent| | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | |
| | | | Duke of Cambridge (5th creation), 2011| | Duke of Sussex (2nd creation), 2018| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | Prince William
b. 1982
Duke of Cambridge| | Prince Harry
Duke of Sussex
b. 1984| | | | | | Edward Windsor
b. 1988| | Alexander Windsor
b. 1974
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Heir-apparent to the Dukedom of Gloucester
| | | | Prince George of Wales
b. 2013| | Prince Archie of Sussex
b. 2019
| | | | Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Cambridge| | Heir apparent to the Dukedom of Sussex

## See also

[edit]

* Baron Russell of Thornhaugh
* Baron de Clifford
* Earl Russell
* Earl of Orford, first creation (1697)
* Baron Ampthill

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Debrett's Peerage, 1968, p.131; The chief is present in the arms of the modern coat of arms of the London Borough of Camden, because the dukes of Bedford used to own land in the borough (see Bedford Estate)
2. ^ "HERALDRY of the BEDFORD CHAPEL CHENIES". www.middlesex-heraldry.org.uk. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
3. ^ Cracroft – Extinct dukedoms of England Archived 17 June 2012 at the Wayback Machine
4. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Bedford, Earls and Dukes of" . Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
5. ^ Burke's Peerage & Baronetage
6. ^ James died in Nov. 1505, shortly after his father John, both in 1505, according to Scott Thomson, p. 108; Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Vol. 48, p. 278, gives James's date of death as between Dec. 1505 and Feb. 1506
7. ^ Scott Thomson, 1930, pp. 110–111
8. ^ Scott Thomson, 1930, pp. 102–3
9. ^ Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 36
10. ^ History of Parliament Online: Members (1422-1504), accessed 2 June 2018. The article on John Herring of Chaldon Herring shall be available through this link when it is published.
11. ^ Municipal Records of the Borough of Dorchester, ed. C. H. Mayo, Exeter: W. Pollard, 1908; no. 517.
12. ^ Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 37
13. ^ Scott Thomson, 1930, p. 39
14. ^ Classic Encyclopedia, based on 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica (11th. ed) "Russell (Family)"; Scott Thomson, p. 58
15. ^ The error is repeated in the Dictionary of National Biography
16. ^ Morris, Susan; Bosberry-Scott, Wendy; Belfield, Gervase, eds. (2019). "Bedford, Duke of". Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage. Vol. 1 (150th ed.). London: Debrett's Ltd. pp. 511–515\. ISBN 978-1-999767-0-5-1.

## External links

[edit]

* Hesilrige, Arthur G. M. (1921). Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy. London: Dean & Son. p. 105.
* Heraldry of the Russell Family Archived 8 December 2017 at the Wayback Machine

* v
* t
* e

Extant dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland

Royal dukedoms|

* Cornwall and Rothesay
* Cambridge
* Sussex
* York
* Edinburgh
* Gloucester
* Kent

England |

* Norfolk
* Somerset
* Richmond
* Grafton
* Beaufort
* St Albans
* Bedford
* Devonshire
* Marlborough
* Rutland

Scotland |

* Hamilton
* Buccleuch
* Lennox
* Queensberry
* Argyll
* Atholl
* Montrose
* Roxburghe

Great Britain |

* Brandon
* Manchester
* Northumberland

Ireland |

* Leinster
* Abercorn

United Kingdom |

* Wellington
* Sutherland
* Westminster
* Gordon
* Argyll
* Fife

Italics: This title is held by a peer who holds another of higher precedence.
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template
*[c.]: circa
*[d.]: died
*[b.]: born