EMR camouflage

Digital military camouflage pattern in use by the Russian Armed Forces

EMR Camouflage

Most common variant of EMR, as seen on VKPO suits.

Type| Military camouflage pattern
Place of origin| Russia
Service history
Used by| See Users
Wars|

* Russo-Ukrainian War
* Russian invasion of Crimea
* War in Donbas
* Russian invasion of Ukraine
* Syrian Civil War

Production history
Designer| 15 Central Research Institute, Russian Ministry of Defense
Designed| 2008
Manufacturer| AO Voentorg
BTK Group
Produced| 2008–present
Variants|

* Leto (summer)
* Sever (northern region)

The EMR (Russian: Единая маскировочная расцветка [ЕМР][1], romanized: Edinaya maskirovochnaya rascvetka [EMR]) or Universal Camouflage Colorway in English,[2] is a military camouflage pattern in use by the Russian Armed Forces. It is sometimes referred to by the unofficial nicknames RUSPAT,[3][4] Tetris,[4] Tsifra[5] and Digital Flora.[6] EMR camouflage is the standard camouflage pattern of the Russian Military's V.K.B.O. All-Season Uniform.[7][8]

EMR is a single camouflage pattern, developed at 15 Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation as a universal pattern. Depending on the color palette, it can be adapted to a variety of terrain conditions with good camouflage properties. It was the main pattern of the Ratnik combat system.[9]

The Armed Forces of Belarus uses it as their standard camouflage. However, it is believed that it uses a slightly different pattern.[10] The EMR has also been adopted by a number of Russian-backed partially-recognized statelets, militias, and paramilitary forces.

## History

[edit]

The camouflage appeared in 2008[1] after a fundamental decision was made to change Flora. Initially, it was assumed that since "Flora" roughly corresponds to the American Woodland, which in the US Armed Forces was changed to digital camouflages, then the Russian Armed Forces should keep up with this process. Full-scale adoption began in 2011.[11]

The creation of the EMR was heavily influenced by the German Flecktarn camouflage,[12] the developers of which managed to "combine the incompatible": small spots that perform an imitation function are combined in this color scheme so that they form groups of large spots that perform a deforming function.

The developers of EMR followed the same path, taking into account the results of studies that showed the effectiveness of extremely small ("pixel") spots as constituent elements of the texture pattern.[10]

In 2016, Russian troops in Syria were reported to be wearing a desert variant of the EMR.[4]

It was reported in 2017 that Russian soldiers in the National Guard would discontinue using EMR and instead, use Izlom or Moss-based camouflage patterns instead.[13]

The EMR uniform kit is also used for some ceremonial purposes . However, significant variations not covered by the official uniform code exist when used for ceremonial purposes including; white parade gloves, white leather buckled parade belts, white aiguillettes, coloured branch shoulder boards, branch-distinctive lapel badges, pressed-collar buttoned jackets as opposed to the zipper jacket used in the standard uniform kit, berets used as the main headdress as opposed to caps or peaked caps.

Occasionally jackboots are issued for foot columns and colour guards wearing EMR. Other variations, such as office uniforms, by different manufacturers, such as Splav, not covered by the official uniform code are tolerated.

## Design

[edit]

1st pattern field uniform in EMR camouflage pattern

The basic uniform is as follows:

* The straight cut jacket has a standing collar, is closed by a central zipper, has two breast patch pockets with flaps with hidden button closures, the back has two vertical pleats, there are patch pockets on the upper sleeves with large velcro patches (earlier versions did not have the velcro patches), the sleeves have elbow pads. The bottom of the sleeves have adjustment tabs. The jacket can be worn tucked into or outside the trousers.
* the straight cut combat trousers have a one-piece waistband with seven belt loops and are closed by a button and a zipper. The trousers have two side slash pockets and there are large pleated patch pockets with flaps on the outside thighs. The pocket openings are angled for easier access. The back of the trousers have slash and flap pockets with flaps closed by a hidden button. The trousers have reinforcing pads in the knees while there is an extra layer of fabric in the seat.[14][15]

Several variations of this pattern have been produced, they are as follows:

* Summer is a pixelated version of black, brown, and dark green pixels on a light green background.
* "Desert" is a desert version with beige, darkish beige and brown pixels on a sandy background.
* Sever is an arctic camo with light gray and dark gray pixels on a white background.
* "City" is an urban version of it.

Full-scale adoption began in 2011.[16]

According to TsNIITochMash, the fabric used in EMR is waterproof, flame-proof, tear-resistant and breathable.[2]

It is reported that EMR camouflage fabrics have been made in China due to it being cheap.[17][unreliable source?] Depending on the manufacturer, there may be other EMR pattern variants.[12]

* Desert variant of E.M.R. used by the Russian troops in Syria.

* Belarusian variant used by the Armed Forces of Belarus, which uses different colours compared to the russian E.M.R. camouflage.

* « Standard » summer pattern used predominantly by default in the Russian Armed Forces.

* Arctic variant of E.M.R. camouflage used by the russian troops of the Leningrad Military District in its arctic/snowy territories.

* « Green men » old and first version of E.M.R. camouflage pattern used for the first time during the Russian annexation of Crimea by the Russian Armed Forces .

* Urban E.M.R. camouflage used by the troops of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs.

* Spring variant of the E.M.R. camouflage used on the obverse side of the 6sh122 oversuit by the Russian Armed Forces.

* Autumn variant of the E.M.R. camouflage pattern used on the back side of the 6sh122 oversuit by the Russian Armed Forces.

## Users

[edit]

Belize Defense Force officer wearing an EMR clone.

* Belarus: Armed Forces of Belarus, with slightly different color scheme.[10][18] They were first seen with paratroopers from the 38th Airmobile Brigade.[19]
* Belize: Chinese made EMR clones adopted by Belize Defense Force in October 2011 to replace their non-digital camouflage uniforms.[20][21]
* Russia: Adopted by the Russian Armed Forces[22] to replace Flora camouflage uniforms.[12]
* Donetsk People's Republic[23][24]
* Luhansk People's Republic[23][25]
* Tajikistan: Used by the Tajik Army.[26]

### Partially-recognized states

[edit]

* Abkhazia[27]
* South Ossetia[28]
* Transnistria[29]

### Former

[edit]

* Syria: Used by Republican Guard and special forces.[30]

## Gallery

[edit]

### Russia

[edit]

* Sergei Shoigu (In the middle), who served as Minister of Defence until 2024, wearing an office uniform in EMR

* Russian soldiers wearing the first pattern EMR

* Display of the second EMR combat uniform

* Russian soldier training in their Ratnik combat gear, an AK-12 rifle and PMK-4 gas mask

* Russian commando frogmen conducting training exercises

* Russian sappers in Palmyra, Syria. Soldier on the left is wearing the desert variant of EMR camouflage

* Close view of desert EMR

* Soldiers of the 80th Arctic Motor Rifle Brigade wearing the Arctic pattern EMR

### Belarus

[edit]

* Belarusian soldiers with EMR uniforms during the 2020 Belarusian protests

* President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko wearing an EMR uniform in a meeting with President of Russia Dmitry Medvedev in 2009

### Belize

[edit]

* Belize Defence Force soldiers in a ceremony

### Tajikistan

[edit]

* Tajik Soldier with SVD wearing an EMR uniform

### Donbas

[edit]

* Marines of the Mariupol-Khingan Naval Infantry of the DPR People's Militia with EMR uniforms, wearing iconic telnyashkas thereunder.

* Sparta Battalion soldier wears an EMR uniform and a Ribbon of Saint George during the 2016 Victory Day parade in Donetsk.

* Head of the Donetsk People's Republic Alexander Zakharchenko with EMR fatigues

* Separatist troops with EMR uniforms during the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022

## See also

[edit]

* Uniforms of the Russian Armed Forces

## References

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to EMR camouflage.

1. ^ a b "Виды камуфляжа - ОБЗОР | ГОРЯЧАЯ ТОЧКА". 27 April 2017. Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
2. ^ a b "Russian RATNIK Ballistic Fabric for Uniforms". 23 January 2022.
3. ^ "Камуфляжи мира: виды, расцветки, история создания".
4. ^ a b c "Venemaa uus välivorm - näeb hea välja, aga millised on selle saladused?". 26 December 2021.
5. ^ "Krimin mysteerisotilailla on Venäjän armeijan muotiasut". 2 March 2014.
6. ^ "Is the Army's Multicam Camouflage Good or a Just Trend?". 17 September 2019.
7. ^ "VKPO (VKBO) All Season Clothing System".
8. ^ https://kula-tactical.com/vkbo-uniform [bare URL]
9. ^ "Набор трафаретов EMP (Digital Flora)". novokraska.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
10. ^ a b c "Современные камуфляжи: разновидности и перспективы". forma-odezhda.ru. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
11. ^ "Europe's Official Camouflage Patterns | UF PRO Blog".
12. ^ a b c "Russian Camo: What Camouflage Does Russia Use ?". April 2020. Archived from the original on 2023-02-25. Retrieved 2023-02-25.
13. ^ "Росгвардейцев переоденут в "Мох"". 22 February 2017.
14. ^ https://grey-shop.ru/product/vkbo-liquidation Archived 2023-08-27 at the Wayback Machine [bare URL]
15. ^ https://russiancoldcamo.com/collections/btk-group-1/products/vkbo-summer-suit-russian-digital [bare URL]
16. ^ "Russia - Camopedia". www.camopedia.org. Retrieved 2021-03-15.[better source needed]
17. ^ "Расцветки камуфляжа ополченцев и пророссийских сил в войне на Донбассе".
18. ^ "Камуфляж ЕМР - Виды камуфляжа".
19. ^ Larson (2021), p. 357.
20. ^ "Belize Defense Force changes uniform to a digital camouflage". The San Pedro Sun. 16 November 2011. Archived from the original on February 13, 2023.
21. ^ Larson (2021), p. 131.
22. ^ Камуфляжи армий мира - обзор (in Russian) Archived 16 February 2023 at the Wayback Machine
23. ^ a b ARES Research Report No.3: Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine (2014)Archived April 4, 2023, at the Wayback Machine
24. ^ Crowther (2022), p. 67.
25. ^ Crowther (2023), p. 45.
26. ^ Larson (2021), p. 328.
27. ^ Узел, Кавказский. "Russia's decision to rearm Abkhaz army follows military strengthening of Georgia". Caucasian Knot.[failed verification]
28. ^ Larson (2021), p. 222.
29. ^ "The Victory Day Parade That Everyone Forgot". Archived from the original on May 30, 2023.
30. ^ 25th SMF Div. member in full desert camouflage[better source needed]

### Bibliography

[edit]

* Crowther, Edward (2022). War in Ukraine: Volume 1: Armed Formations of the Donetsk People's Republic, 2014-2022. Helion and Company. ISBN 978-1915070661.
* Crowther, Edward (2023). War in Ukraine: Volume 3: Armed Formations of the Luhansk People’s Republic, 2014–2022. Helion and Company. ISBN 978-1804512173.
* Larson, Eric H. (2021). Camouflage: International Ground Force Patterns, 1946–2017. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. ISBN 9781526739537.

* v
* t
* e

Camouflage

Methods|

* Camouflage
* Countershading
* Active camouflage
* Counter-illumination
* Disruptive coloration
* Coincident disruptive coloration
* Disruptive eye mask
* Distractive markings
* Motion camouflage
* Multi-scale camouflage
* Multi-spectral camouflage
* Self-decoration
* Snow camouflage
* Urban camouflage

In nature|

* As evidence for natural selection
* Crypsis
* Decorator crab
* Flower mantis
* Mimicry
* Batesian
* Müllerian
* Aggressive
* Underwater camouflage

People|

| Early|

* Edward Bagnall Poulton
* The Colours of Animals
* Abbott Handerson Thayer
* Concealing-Coloration in the Animal Kingdom

|

Camoufleurs|

* Mary Taylor Brush
* Lucien-Victor Guirand de Scévola
* John Graham Kerr
* Norman Wilkinson
* Everett Warner
* Leon Underwood
* Johann Georg Otto Schick
* Hugh Cott
* Adaptive Coloration in Animals
* Geoffrey Barkas
* Timothy O'Neill

Researchers|

* Roy Behrens
* Tim Caro
* Innes Cuthill
* Thomas N. Sherratt
* Martin Stevens

Military|

| Topics|

* Military camouflage
* Aircraft camouflage
* Camouflage clothing in Trinidad and Tobago
* Dazzle camouflage
* List of countries that prohibit camouflage clothing
* Middle East Command Camouflage Directorate
* Ship camouflage
* USN WWII camouflage measures

|

Patterns|

| Up to WWII|

| German
WWII|

* Splittertarnmuster (1931)
* Platanenmuster (1937)
* Rauchtarnmuster (1939)
* Palmenmuster (c 1941)
* Sumpfmuster (1943)
* Erbsenmuster (1944)
* Leibermuster (1945)

|

Other|

* Camouflage tree (1915)
* Lozenge (1917 aircraft)
* Telo mimetico (1929 tent)
* Denison smock (1941)
* Frog skin (1942)
* Ghillie suit

Post-war|

* Lizard (1947)
* Strichtarn (1960)
* KLMK (1968)

Late 20th
century|

* Jigsaw (1958)
* Tiger stripe (1962)
* Rhodesian Brushstroke (1965)
* ERDL (1967)
* Disruptive Pattern Material (1969)
* wz. 68 Moro (1969)
* Six-Color Desert Pattern (Chocolate Chip) (1981)
* U.S. "M81" Woodland (1981)
* Australian Disruptive Pattern (1982)
* TAZ 83 (1983)
* M84 (1984)
* Type 87 (China) (1987)
* wz. 89 Puma (1989)
* Camouflage Daguet (1989)
* M90 (1990)
* Desert Night Camouflage (1990)
* Flecktarn (1990)
* Tropentarn (1990)
* Desert Camouflage Pattern (1990)
* Camouflage Central-Europe (1991)
* Soldier 2000 (1993)
* TAZ 90 (1993)
* wz. 93 Pantera (1993)
* CADPAT (1997)
* Dubok (1997)
* M98 (1998)
* Flora (1998)

21st
century|

* MARPAT (2001) (Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform (2002))
* MultiCam (2002)
* Tactical Assault Camouflage (2004)
* Universal Camouflage Pattern (2004)
* ESTDCU (2006)
* M05 (2007)
* Airman Battle Uniform (2007)
* Type 07 (2007)
* EMR (2008)
* Multi-Terrain Pattern (2010)
* Australian Multicam (2014)
* MM-14 (2014)
* Varan (camouflage) (2015)
* HunCam (2015)
* Operational Camouflage Pattern (2015)
* Multitarn (2016)
* Netherlands Fractal Pattern (2019)
* Xingkong (2019)
* K20 (2020)

Technology|

| Deployed|

* Berberys-R
* Nakidka

|

Prototypes|

* Diffused lighting camouflage (1941)
* Yehudi lights (1943)
* Adaptiv (2011)

Related|

* Dazzled and Deceived
* Stealth technology
* Cloaking device
* Invisibility

* v
* t
* e

Russian Armed Forces

Leadership|

* President of Russia as Supreme Commander-in-Chief
* Minister of Defence
* Ministry of Defence
* Chief of the General Staff and First Deputy Minister of Defence
* General Staff
* Commander-in-Chief of the Ground Forces
* Commander-in-Chief of the Navy

| Commander-in-Chief of the Aerospace Forces|

* Commander of the Air Force
* Commander of the Missile Defence Forces
* Commander of the Space Forces

|

General|

| Military|

* History
* Doctrine
* Military deception
* Bases
* Bases abroad
* Budget
* Bands
* Banner
* Military reform
* 1997
* 2001
* 2008

|

* Weapons of mass destruction
* Awards and emblems
* General Staff Building
* Main Building of the Ministry of Defense
* Defense industry
* Military-Industrial Commission
* War crimes
* Uniforms
* EMR camouflage
* Conscription laws
* Women
* Culture
* Honorary weapons

Military districts|

| Previous|

* Volga–Ural (Volga
* Ural)
* Northern
* North Caucasus
* Siberian
* Far Eastern
* Kaliningrad Special Region
* Western

|

Current|

* Moscow
* HQ: Moscow
* Leningrad
* HQ: Saint Petersburg
* Southern
* HQ: Rostov-on-Don
* Central
* HQ: Yekaterinburg
* Eastern
* HQ: Khabarovsk

Fleets of the Navy|

* Baltic
* Black Sea
* Caspian
* Northern
* Arctic Ocean Flotilla
* Pacific
* Kamchatka Flotilla

Military ranks and insignia|

* Ground Forces
* Air Force
* Navy
* Armed Forces 1994–2010

Services|

| Ground Forces troops|

* Air Defence
* Missile Troops and Artillery‎
* Engineer
* Signal
* Tank
* NBC Protection
* Topographic

|

Navy|

* Ensign
* Coastal Troops
* Infantry
* Commando Frogmen
* Aviation
* Hydrography

|

Aerospace Forces|

* Air Force
* Long Range Aviation
* Air and Missile Defense Forces
* Space Forces
* Aerospace Defence Forces
* Radio-Technical Troops

|

Special Forces|

* Special Operations Forces
* Special Forces of the Main Directorate

|

* Reserve of the Supreme High Command
* BARS

Independent|

Airborne Forces (Commander)
* Strategic Rocket Forces (Commander)

| Logistical Support troops|

* Road
* Railway

|

Departments in the
Ministry of Defence
and General Staff|

| Main Directorate|

* Automobiles and Tanks
* Combat Training and Service of Troops
* General Staff (GRU)
* Military Medical
* Military Police
* Military-Political
* Missile and Artillery (GRAU)
* Operational
* Organizational-Mobilizational
* 12th
* Deep-Sea Research

|

* National Defense Management Center
* Military Band Service
* Military Representatives
* Krasnaya Zvezda
* Central Television and Radio Studio
* Rear of the Russian Armed Forces

Equipment|

* Ground Forces' equipment
* Air Forces' equipment
* Navy ships
* Future of the Russian Navy

Military education|

| Previous|

* Page Corps
* Cadet Corps
* Naval Cadet Corps
* Military academies in the Soviet Union
* Military departments of civilian universities

|

Current|

* Adjunctura
* Military Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Armed Forces
* Military academies in Russia
* Military commissioning schools
* Military training centers of civilian universities
* Military-focused secondary schools
* Suvorov Military School
* Nakhimov Naval School

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