Ecologists and Civic Networks

Political party in Italy

Ecologists and Civic Networks

Ecologisti e Reti Civiche

Founded| November 2011 (2011-11)
Dissolved| 4 May 2013
Ideology| Green politics

* Politics of Italy
* Political parties
* Elections

Ecologists and Civic Networks (Italian: Ecologisti e Reti Civiche) was a green coalition of parties in Italy.

Modelled on the French Europe Ecology – The Greens,[1] the coalition was launched in November 2011. Its core was composed by the Federation of the Greens.[2][3] According to Angelo Bonelli, the Green leader of the time, the new political force would take inspiration also from the German Grünen and would be open to the contribution of movements and associations, notably including Beppe Grillo's Five Star Movement.[4] Other than the Greens, participants of the new political force included, among others, Massimo Scalia (a former leading Green), Bruno Mellano (president of the Italian Radicals), movie maker Mario Monicelli, writer Dacia Maraini, geologist Mario Tozzi and comedian Giobbe Covatta.[5]

The coalition was disbanded in May 2013,[6] but some of its members joined the Greens. These included Covatta, who would go on to become spokesman of the party in November 2015, succeeding to Bonelli.[7]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Luigi Franco, Nasce Ecologisti e Reti civiche Il nuovo partito politico ambientalista, Il Fatto Quotidiano. November 26, 2011
2. ^ ""Ecologia per uscire dalla crisi"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
3. ^ ""Mai più alleanze ogm con il Pd"". Archiviostorico.corriere.it. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
4. ^ "Verdi addio, è nata Costituente ecologista". Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 2013-11-10.
5. ^ [1] Archived October 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
6. ^ "Mozione Conclusiva Eco-Civici E Verdi Europei". Ecologistiecivici.it. Retrieved 2014-07-15.
7. ^ "Verdi, Giobbe Covatta è il nuovo portavoce della federazione ecologista". ilfattoquotidiano.it. 15 November 2015. Retrieved 15 October 2016.

## External links

[edit]

* Official website

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Historical political parties in Italy

Communist|

* Proletarian Unity Party (1972–1984)
* Italian Communist Party (1921–1991)
* Proletarian Democracy (1978–1991)
* Party of Italian Communists (1998–2014)

Democratic socialist|

* Italian Revolutionary Socialist Party (1881–1893)
* Italian Workers' Party (1882–1892)
* Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity (1964–1972)
* Democratic Party of the Left (1991–1998)
* Democratic Left (2007–2010)
* Left Ecology Freedom (2010-2016)

Green|

* Rainbow Greens (1989–1990)
* Federation of Green Lists (1986–1990)
* Federation of the Greens (1990–2021)

Social-democratic and liberal-socialist|

* Italian Reformist Socialist Party (1912–1926)
* Unitary Socialist Party (1922–1930)
* Action Party (1929–1947)
* Labour Democratic Party (1943–1948)
* Union of Socialists (1948–1949)
* Unitary Socialist Party (1949–1951)
* Unified Socialist Party (1966–1969)
* Italian Socialist Party (1892–1994)
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* Labour Federation (1994–1998)
* Democrats of the Left (1998–2007)
* Italian Democratic Socialists (1998–2007)
* Article One (2017–2023)

Radical and social-liberal|

* Action Party (1853–1867)
* Italian Radical Party (1904–1922)
* Democratic Party (1913–1919)
* Social Democracy (1922–1926)
* Republican Democratic Concentration (1946)
* Radical Party (1955–1989)
* Democratic Alliance (1993–1997)
* The Network (1991–1999)

Centrist and centrist liberal|

* Constitutional Democratic Party (1913–1919)
* Italian Democratic Liberal Party (1919–1926)
* Democratic Union for the Republic (1998–1999)
* Union for the Republic
* Italian Renewal (1996–2002)
* The Democrats (1999–2002)
* Segni Pact (1993–2003)
* Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy (2002–2007)
* Civic Choice (2013–2019)
* Liberal Popular Alliance (2015–2018)

Regionalist and federalist|

* Movement for the Independence of Sicily (1943–1951)
* Italian Unionist Movement (1944–1948)
* Federalists and Liberal Democrats (1994–1996)
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* Great South (2011–2013)

Christian-democratic|

* Italian Catholic Electoral Union (1906–1919)
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Conservative-liberal|

* Liberals (1913–1922)
* Italian Liberal Party (1922–1994)
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* Economic Party (1919–1924)
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* Cambiamo! (2019–2022)

National-conservative|

* Common Man's Front (1946–1949)
* Monarchist National Party (1946–1959)
* People's Monarchist Party (1954–1959)
* Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity (1959–1972)
* National Democracy (1977–1979)
* National Alliance (1995–2009)

Nationalist|

* Italian Nationalist Association (1910–1923)
* Combatants' Party (1919–1923)
* National Fascist Party (1921–1943)
* Republican Fascist Party (1943–1945)
* Italian Social Movement (1946–1995)

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