Edinburgh Airport

Commercial airport in Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom

For the previous military use of this facility, see RAF Turnhouse.

Edinburgh Airport

* IATA: EDI
* ICAO: EGPH

Summary
Airport type| Public
Owner/Operator| Edinburgh Airport Limited
Serves| Edinburgh
Location| Edinburgh, Scotland
Opened| 19 May 1947; 78 years ago (1947-05-19)
Hub for|

* Loganair

Focus city for|

* easyJet
* Jet2.com
* Ryanair
* Ryanair UK

Built| 1916; 109 years ago (1916)
(as RAF Turnhouse)
Elevation AMSL| 41 m / 136 ft
Coordinates| 55°57′0″N 3°22′21″W﻿ / ﻿55.95000°N 3.37250°W﻿ / 55.95000; -3.37250
Website| www.edinburghairport.com
Map

EDI/EGPH

Location in Edinburgh

Show map of the City of Edinburgh council area

EDI/EGPH

EDI/EGPH (Scotland)

Show map of Scotland

EDI/EGPH

EDI/EGPH (the United Kingdom)

Show map of the United Kingdom

Runways
| Direction | Length  | Surface

|
|

m  | ft
06/24  | 2,556  | 8,386  | Asphalt
Statistics (2023)
| Passengers| 14,395,463

|

Passenger change 22-23| 28%
Aircraft movements| 115,076
Movements change 22-23| 17.3%

Sources: UK AIP at NATS[1]
Statistics from the UK Civil Aviation Authority[2]

Edinburgh Airport (IATA: EDI, ICAO: EGPH) is an international airport located in the Ingliston area of Edinburgh, Scotland. It is located 5 NM (9.3 km; 5.8 mi)[1] west of the city centre, just off the M8 and M9 motorways. It is owned and operated by Edinburgh Airport Limited.[3]

The airport is the busiest airport in Scotland based on passenger numbers, with 14.4 million passengers flying from the airport in 2023, a 28% increase on passenger numbers from 2022. A total of 35 airlines use the airport to fly to over 152 international destinations.[4] During 2024, Edinburgh Airport experienced its busiest year in terms of passenger numbers, with a total of 15 million passengers. It also marked the busiest year for any Scottish airport in history.[5] As well as being the busiest airport in Scotland, Edinburgh Airport is the sixth busiest airport in the United Kingdom.[6]

## History

[edit]

### Early years

[edit]

Main article: RAF Turnhouse

In 1916, Turnhouse Aerodrome opened as the northernmost British air defence base in World War I used by the Royal Flying Corps.[7]

In 1918, the Royal Air Force was formed and the airfield was named RAF Turnhouse and ownership was transferred to the Air Ministry.[citation needed]

From 1925, the small base was used to house the 603 (City of Edinburgh) Squadron, which consisted of DH 9As, Westland Wapitis, Hawker Harts, and Hawker Hind light bombers. All the aircraft used a grass airstrip.[citation needed]

In 1939, when the Second World War broke out, RAF Fighter Command took control over the airfield and a runway of 3,900 ft (1,189 m) was paved to handle the Supermarine Spitfire. During the Battle of Britain, 3, 65, and 141 Squadrons were present at the airbase.[citation needed]

### Post-Second World War

[edit]

After 1945, when WW2 ended, the airfield remained under military control. It was officially opened for commercial traffic on 19 May 1947. The first commercial flight to use the airport was a British European Airways service from London (Northolt) to Shetland, with Edinburgh and Aberdeen being intermediate stopping points. The aircraft was an 18-seat Douglas C47.[8]

In 1952, the runway was extended to 6,000 feet (1,800 m) to handle the Vampire FB5s operated by the resident 603 Squadron, and an aircraft arresting barrier net was installed to protect traffic on the adjacent A9 road.[citation needed] The net remained in place until the early 1970s and was used to stop one of the Ferranti Flying Unit Buccaneers which had overrun the runway. A further use was in 1970 when a Meteor TT20, operated by the RN Fleet Requirement Unit, overran the runway and ended up in the net. In 1956, a new passenger terminal was built to provide an improved commercial service; five years later it was extended.[citation needed] After the disbandment of the 603 Squadron in March 1957, the Air Ministry transferred ownership to the Ministry of Aviation in 1960 to offer improved commercial service to the airport. Flying was temporarily diverted to East Fortune, which had its runway extended to accommodate the airliners of the period.[citation needed]

### BAA ownership

[edit]

Edinburgh Airport in 1978, under the ownership of BAA. Air traffic control tower and apron (2013).

On 1 April 1971, the British Airports Authority (BAA) took over ownership of the airport, at a time when the original terminal building was running at about eight times its design capacity. Immediate improvements to the terminal were cosmetic, such as extra seating and TV monitors for flight information, and it took two years for plans to be proposed for a completely new terminal and runway redesign. Public consultation on planning started in November 1971 and ended in February 1972. The initial stages of the redevelopment began in June 1973; they included a diversion of the River Almond. Work on the new terminal building, designed by Sir Robert Matthew, started in March 1975, and the building was officially opened by Queen Elizabeth II on 27 May 1977,[9] opening to the public two days later.[citation needed]

Although the original main runway 13/31 (which is now 12/30) served the airport well, its alignment (NW-SE) had the disadvantage of suffering from severe crosswinds, and the other two minor runways were very short and could not be readily extended, so movements were transferred to a new runway (07/25, which has since become 06/24) in an addition completely outside the original airfield boundary. This runway, completed in 1977, is 2,556 m (8,386 ft; 2.556 km; 1.588 mi) in length, and was able to take all modern airliners including Concorde. A new terminal was built alongside the runway to cater for the additional traffic. The old terminal and hangars were converted into a cargo centre.[citation needed]

International service from Edinburgh began in 1962 with direct service to Dublin, but for many years international flights were charter and private only. This started to change during the late 1970s, with direct services to continental Europe (Amsterdam, 1975). By the mid-1980s, direct routes included Paris, Düsseldorf, Brussels, Frankfurt and Copenhagen, but direct transatlantic flights were not yet possible as Glasgow-Prestwick was the only "designated gateway" in Scotland under the US-UK Bermuda II Agreement.[10] By the time BAA had been privatised in 1987, Edinburgh Airport handled over 1.8 million passengers each year; compared to the 681,000 passengers handled in 1971 when BAA first took control of the airport.[11]

RAF Turnhouse was operational near the passenger terminal of the airport for all of the post-war period but was finally closed in 1997.[12]

Since the original terminal upgrade in 1977, there have been major reconstructions, including extensions of the two passenger terminal aprons and a major expansion of car parking facilities, including a multi-storey car park in 2004. In 2005, a new 57-metre-tall (187 ft) air traffic control tower was completed for £10m. An extension to the terminal called the South East Pier opened in September 2006. This extension initially added six gates on a new pier to the southeast of the original building. A further four gates were added to the South East Pier at the end of 2008.[citation needed]

On 19 October 2011, BAA Limited announced its intention to sell the airport, following a decision by the UK's Competition Commission requiring BAA to sell either Glasgow Airport or Edinburgh Airport.[13] BAA announced on 23 April 2012 that it had sold Edinburgh Airport to Global Infrastructure Partners (GIP) for a price of £807.2 million, equivalent to £1204 million in 2023.[14]

### GIP ownership

[edit]

Edinburgh Airport from the air.

In 2013, a further extension to the passenger terminal was announced, taking the terminal building up to the Edinburgh Airport tram stop. The Edinburgh Trams opening in May 2014 created the first rail connection to Edinburgh Airport. Whilst the number of passengers has increased, the number of flights decreased in 2014 due to planes operating at a higher capacity.[15] Passenger traffic at Edinburgh Airport reached a record level in 2015 with over 11.1 million passengers[16] and over 109,000 aircraft movements.[2]

The terminal building was expanded[when?] as a result of an investment of £40million.[citation needed]

A new £25million[failed verification] expansion project involving the construction of a new 6,000 m2 (65,000 sq ft)[failed verification] building, housing a security hall and retail areas, was also completed[when?].[17]

On 23 February 2016, Ryanair announced a growth of 20% in passenger numbers, bringing the airline's annual passenger capacity at Edinburgh Airport to 2.5 million. This was coupled with the news of six new services to Ryanair's winter schedule from Edinburgh and more services on its popular European destinations.[citation needed]

In February 2016, consultancy firm Biggar Economics announced that Edinburgh Airport contributes almost £1 billion annually to the Scottish economy.[18] As part of the expansion works, Runway 12/30 was officially withdrawn from use on 29 March 2018.[19]

### VINCI ownership

[edit]

On 17 April 2024, Vinci SA announced that it had reached an agreement with GIP to acquire a 50.01% shareholding of the airport for £1.27 billion, with GIP retaining 49.99%.[20][21][22][23] The transaction was concluded on 25 June 2024.[24][25]

In December 2024, Edinburgh Airport became the first in Scotland to record over 15 million passengers in a calendar year.[26]

## Airlines and destinations

[edit]

### Passenger

[edit]

The following airlines operate regular scheduled flights to and from Edinburgh:[27]

Airlines| Destinations

|

Aegean Airlines |  Athens[28]
Aer Lingus |  Belfast–City,[29] Dublin[29]
Air Canada |  Seasonal: Montréal–Trudeau,[30] Toronto–Pearson[31]
Air France |  Paris–Charles de Gaulle[32]
American Airlines |  Seasonal: Philadelphia[33]
Atlantic Airways |  Seasonal: Vágar[34]
Aurigny |  Guernsey[35]
Austrian Airlines |  Seasonal: Vienna[36]
British Airways |  London–City,[37] London–Heathrow[38]
Seasonal: Florence,[39] Olbia,[40] Palma de Mallorca, San Sebastián[40]
Brussels Airlines |  Brussels[41]
Delta Air Lines |  Seasonal: Atlanta,[42] Boston,[43] New York–JFK[43]
easyJet |  Agadir,[44] Alicante,[45] Amsterdam,[46] Athens,[45] Basel/Mulhouse,[45] Belfast–International,[45] Berlin,[45] Birmingham,[45] Bristol,[47] Copenhagen,[45] Derry,[48] Düsseldorf,[49] Enfidha,[50] Geneva,[45] Kraków,[51] Lanzarote,[45] Lisbon,[45] London–Gatwick,[52] London–Luton,[52] London–Stansted,[52] Lyon,[45] Madrid,[51] Málaga (resumes 28 October 2025),[53] Milan–Linate,[54] Milan–Malpensa,[45] Munich,[45] Naples,[45] Paphos,[45] Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[45] Reykjavik–Keflavik,[45] Tenerife–South,[45] Venice,[45] Zurich[55]
Seasonal: Antalya,[56] Barcelona (begins 27 October 2025),[57] Belfast–City (begins 26 October 2025),[58] Bodrum,[59] Bordeaux,[60] Catania,[61] Corfu,[62] Dalaman,[45] Dubrovnik,[45] Fuerteventura, Gran Canaria,[63] Grenoble,[64] Heraklion,[45] Hurghada,[65] Innsbruck (begins 7 December 2025),[66] Jersey,[61] Marrakesh,[50] Nice,[45] Olbia,[50] Palma de Mallorca,[45] Prague,[45] Rhodes,[67] Rovaniemi[65]
Edelweiss Air |  Zurich[68]
Emirates |  Dubai–International[69]
Eurowings |  Cologne/Bonn,[70][71] Düsseldorf[72][73]
Seasonal: Stuttgart[74]
Finnair |  Helsinki[75]
Hainan Airlines |  Beijing–Capital[76]
Iberia Express |  Seasonal: Madrid[77]
Icelandair |  Seasonal: Reykjavik–Keflavik (begins 12 September 2025)[78]
Jet2.com[79] |  Alicante,[80] Antalya,[80] Fuerteventura,[80] Funchal,[80] Gran Canaria,[80] Lanzarote,[80] Málaga,[80] Rome–Fiumicino,[81] Tenerife–South[80]
Seasonal: Bergen,[82] Bodrum,[45] Burgas,[83] Catania,[83] Chambéry,[84] Corfu,[45] Dalaman,[85] Dubrovnik,[86] Faro,[80] Geneva,[87] Girona (begins 3 May 2026),[88] Heraklion,[80] Ibiza,[45] Innsbruck,[89] İzmir (ends 24 October 2025),[80][better source needed] Kalamata (begins 6 May 2026),[88] Kefalonia (begins 3 May 2026),[88] Kos,[45] Larnaca,[86] Malta,[90][91] Menorca,[45] Naples,[86] Palma de Mallorca,[80] Paphos,[80] Prague,[91] Preveza/Lefkada,[45] Reus,[80] Rhodes,[80] Salzburg,[92] Santorini,[45] Split,[86] Thessaloniki,[80] Turin,[93] Verona,[86] Vienna,[94] Zakynthos[80]
JetBlue |  Seasonal:  Boston,[95] New York–JFK[96]
KLM |  Amsterdam[97]
Loganair |  Bergen,[98] Cardiff,[99] Exeter,[98] Isle of Man,[100] Kirkwall,[98] Southampton,[98] Stornoway,[101] Sumburgh[98]
Seasonal: Guernsey,[102] Newquay[98]
Lufthansa |  Frankfurt,[103] Munich[103][104]
Luxair |  Seasonal: Luxembourg (begins 3 July 2026)[105]
Norwegian Air Shuttle |  Copenhagen,[106][107] Oslo,[106][107] Stockholm–Arlanda[108][109]
Seasonal: Bergen[110]
Pegasus Airlines |  Istanbul–Sabiha Gökçen[111]
Qatar Airways |  Doha[112]
Ryanair[113][114] |  Agadir,[115] Alicante,[45] Barcelona,[116] Bari,[116] Beauvais,[45] Belfast–International,[117] Bergamo,[118] Berlin,[116] Bologna,[116] Bournemouth,[117] Bratislava,[45] Bucharest–Otopeni,[119] Budapest,[116] Charleroi,[119] Copenhagen,[45] Cork,[116] Dublin,[116] Faro,[45] Fuerteventura,[45] Funchal,[120] Gdańsk,[45] Gothenburg,[116] Gran Canaria,[45] Kaunas,[116] Knock,[45] Kraków,[116] Lanzarote,[45] Lisbon,[45] London–Stansted,[121] Madrid,[116] Málaga,[45] Malta,[116] Marrakesh,[74] Nantes,[116] Naples,[45] Palermo,[45] Porto,[122] Poznań,[45] Prague,[116] Riga,[119] Rome–Ciampino,[116] Rzeszów (begins 27 October 2025),[123] Santander,[45] Seville,[45] Shannon,[45] Sofia,[45] Tenerife–South,[45] Venice,[117] Vienna,[45] Warsaw–Modlin,[124] Weeze,[119] Wroclaw[45]
Seasonal: Bergerac,[125] Béziers,[45] Biarritz,[125] Corfu,[45] Ibiza,[45] Marseille,[45] Newquay,[116] Palma de Mallorca,[126] Pisa,[116] Poitiers,[116] Rhodes,[117] Tirana,[127] Toulouse,[128] Valencia,[128] Zadar[45]
Scandinavian Airlines |  Stockholm–Arlanda[129]
Seasonal: Copenhagen[130]
SunExpress |  Antalya[131][132]
Seasonal: Dalaman,[133] İzmir (ends 1 November 2025)[131][134][better source needed]
Transavia |  Seasonal: Paris–Orly[135][136]
TUI Airways |  Seasonal: Chambéry,[137] Corfu,[citation needed], Innsbruck,[citation needed] Palma de Mallorca[138]
Turkish Airlines |  Istanbul[139]
United Airlines |  Newark,[140] Washington–Dulles[141]
Seasonal: Chicago–O'Hare[140]
Vueling |  Barcelona[142]
Virgin Atlantic |  Seasonal: Orlando[143]
WestJet |  Seasonal: Calgary,[144] Halifax,[145] Toronto–Pearson[145]

### Cargo

[edit]

Airlines| Destinations

|

ASL Airlines France |  Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[146] Teesside[146]
DHL Aviation |  East Midlands,[citation needed] Leipzig/Halle[147]
FedEx Express |  Paris–Charles de Gaulle,[146] Teesside[146]
Maersk Air Cargo |  Cologne/Bonn, East Midlands
West Atlantic |  East Midlands

## Statistics

[edit]

### Passenger numbers

[edit]

Year | Number of
passengers[nb 1] | Number of
aircraft
movements[nb 2]

|
|

1985  | 1,578,000  | 36,926
1986  | 1,651,000  | 36,596
1987  | 1,852,000  | 39,603
1988  | 2,080,000  | 40,664
1989  | 2,369,000  | 47,100
1990  | 2,495,000  | 47,900
1991  | 2,343,000  | 49,700
1992  | 2,539,000  | 56,400
1993  | 2,721,000  | 58,800
1994  | 3,001,000  | 61,100
1995  | 3,280,000  | 64,000
1996  | 3,810,000  | 68,800
1997  | 4,214,919 | 99,352
1998  | 4,588,507 | 100,134
1999  | 5,119,258 | 101,226
2000  | 5,519,372 | 102,393
2001  | 6,067,333 | 112,361
2002  | 6,930,649 | 118,416
2003  | 7,481,454 | 118,943
2004  | 8,017,547 | 125,317
2005  | 8,456,739 | 127,122
2006  | 8,611,345 | 126,914
2007  | 9,047,558 | 128,172
2008  | 9,006,702 | 125,550
2009  | 9,049,355 | 115,969
2010  | 8,596,715 | 108,997
2011  | 9,385,245 | 113,357
2012  | 9,195,061 | 110,288
2013  | 9,775,443 | 111,736
2014  | 10,160,004 | 109,545
2015  | 11,114,587 | 115,286
2016  | 12,348,425 | 122,220
2017  | 13,410,256 | 128,675
2018  | 14,310,403 | 130,016
2019  | 14,747,830 | 131,617
2020  | 3,478,501 | 45,966
2021  | 3,024,960 | 34,165
2022  | 11,250,211 | 93,004
2023  | 14,396,794 | 115,076
2024  | 15,777,621 | 116,693
Source: CAA Statistics[148]

### Busiest routes

[edit]

Busiest international routes from EDI (2024)  Rank  | Destination  | Passengers  | Change 2023
to 2024

|
|
|

1  | Dublin | 738,414  |  2.2%
2  | Amsterdam | 686,089  |  15.5%
3  | Paris-Charles de Gaulle | 457,993  |  4.5%
4  | Doha-Hamad | 373,727  |  27.9%
5  | Tenerife-South | 349,605  |  9.2%
6  | Copenhagen | 273,481  |  23.1%
7  | Frankfurt | 257,445  |  6.1%
8  | Alicante | 250,608  |  2.8%
9  | Geneva | 221,909  |  10.4%
10  | Madrid | 220,861  |  19.4%
Source: CAA Statistics[148]
Busiest domestic routes from EDI (2024)  Rank  | Destination  | Passengers  | Change 2022
to 2023

|
|
|

1  | London Heathrow | 1,148,634  |  10.5%
2  | London Stansted | 693,953  |  15.7%
3  | Belfast International | 519,103  |  19.6%
4  | London Gatwick | 476,152  |  3.6%
5  | Bristol | 451,404  |  6.8%
6  | London Luton | 338,729  |  8.1%
7  | London City | 334,893  |  2.3%
8  | Birmingham | 273,132  |  27.4%
9  | Belfast City | 130,129  |  11.2%
10  | Southampton | 82,565  |  7.3%
Source: CAA Statistics[148]

## Ground transport

[edit]

* v
* t
* e

Transport at
Edinburgh Airport

Legend

|  |  |

|  |

to Glasgow

|
|
|
|

|  |

|  |

North Clyde Line

|  |

|  |

to Fife & to Dundee

|  |

|  |

Forth Bridge

|  |

|  |  Dalmeny
|  |

|  |

Winchburgh Tunnel

|  |

|  | Edinburgh Airport
|  |

|  | Ingliston Park & Ride
|  |

|  | Gogarburn
|  |

|  |  Edinburgh Gateway
|  |

|  | Gyle Centre
|  |

|  |  South Gyle
|  |

|  | Edinburgh Park Central
|  |

|  |  Edinburgh Park
|  |

|  | Bankhead
|  |

|  | Saughton
|  |

|  |
|  |

|  | Balgreen
|  |

|  | Murrayfield Stadium
|  |

|  |

West Coast Main Line

|  |

|  |  Haymarket
|  |

|  | West End
|  |

|  | Princes Street
|  |

|  |  Waverley/St Andrew Sq
|  |

|  | York Place
|  |

|  |

to Newhaven

|  |

|  |

East Coast Main Line

|  |  |  |  |  |

### Bus

[edit]

Bus services from the airport  Operator | Destinations | Ref.

|
|

Bright Bus Airport Express | Central Edinburgh | [149]
Lothian Buses | Edinburgh | [150]
Scottish Citylink | Glasgow, North Lanarkshire, Stirling, West Lothian | [151]
Stagecoach East Scotland | Fife | [152]

### Road

[edit]

The airport lies on the A8 road, and can be reached by the M8 motorway and the M9 motorway. The airport can also be reached from the M90 motorway via the Queensferry Crossing.

### Train

[edit]

The airport has no dedicated railway station. However, it is served by the nearby Edinburgh Gateway station, which serves as an interchange with Edinburgh Trams services to the airport.[153] The tram line also connects the airport to the nearby Edinburgh Park railway station.[154]

A more extensive Edinburgh Airport Rail Link project to provide a direct heavy rail link was cancelled in 2007 due to increasing costs.[155]

### Tram

[edit]

The airport is served by Edinburgh Trams, a light rail link.

The line from the airport travels eastwards through the western suburbs and the city centre of Edinburgh before heading north to Leith, eventually terminating at Newhaven.

Preceding station  |  | Edinburgh Trams |  | Following station

|
|
|
|

Ingliston Park & Ride
towards Newhaven |  | Newhaven - Edinburgh Airport |  | Terminus

## Accidents and incidents

[edit]

* On 20 July 1970, a Hawker Siddeley HS-125-3B (G-AXPS) operated by the Imperial Tobacco Company crashed on takeoff from Turnhouse on an empty positioning flight to Newcastle. The aircraft was a total loss and whilst the pilot was uninjured, the copilot was declared dead on arrival at the hospital. The probable cause of the crash was thought to be the application of an incorrect rudder following a simulated engine failure on take-off. The reason for this application of an incorrect rudder has not been determined.[156][157]
* A De Havilland Moth Minor (G-AFOZ) crashed at Turnhouse during a low-level display on 3 May 1975. One of the two occupants died in the hospital the following day.[158]
* On 27 February 2001, Loganair flight 670A, a Shorts 360 (G-BNMT) operating a Royal Mail flight to Belfast, crashed into the Firth of Forth shortly after taking off from Edinburgh at 1730 GMT. Both crew members were killed, but there were no passengers on board. A fatal accident inquiry later blamed a buildup of slush in the aircraft's engines before the crash. A protective covering had not been fitted to the engine intakes while the aircraft was parked at Edinburgh for several hours in heavy snow.[159][160]

## Notes

[edit]

1. ^ Number of passengers, freight and mail include both domestic and international counterparts.
2. ^ Number of movements represents total aircraft takeoffs and landings during that year.

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b "NATS – AIS – Home". Ead-it.com. Archived from the original on 11 November 2020. Retrieved 10 April 2019.
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5. ^ "A record year | Edinburgh Airport". corporate.edinburghairport.com. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
6. ^ "About Us | Edinburgh Airport". corporate.edinburghairport.com. Archived from the original on 24 December 2024. Retrieved 24 December 2024.
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23. ^ "Vinci Agrees to Buy Edinburgh Airport for £1.27 Billion". Bloomberg. 17 April 2024. Archived from the original on 14 May 2024. Retrieved 14 May 2024.
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30. ^ "New Edinburgh flights to 'bucket list' Canadian city launch this summer". Edinburgh News. 26 March 2025.
31. ^ "Air Canada to extend seasonal Toronto-Edinburgh service". Business Traveler. 31 March 2023. Archived from the original on 15 December 2023. Retrieved 14 December 2023.
32. ^ "Air France NS24 Paris European Frequency Variations – 21JAN24". Aeroroutes. Archived from the original on 3 December 2024. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
33. ^ "American Airlines Is Adding 5 New Routes to Europe — See Where". Travel+Leisure. 5 September 2024. Archived from the original on 5 September 2024. Retrieved 5 September 2024.
34. ^ "Atlantic Airways announces scheduled flights to 10 destinations for 2022". Aviation24.be. 20 October 2021. Retrieved 31 October 2024.
35. ^ "Dublin flights return for Aurigny summer schedule". bbc.com. 13 November 2024. Retrieved 19 March 2025.
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## External links

[edit]

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