Eleanor of Scotland

Archduchess consort of Austria

Eleanor of Scotland

Archduchess consort of Austria
Tenure| 1449–1480

Born| 1433
Died| 20 November 1480(1480-11-20) (aged 46–47)
Burial|

Stams

Spouse| Sigismund, Archduke of Austria
House| Stewart
Father| James I of Scotland
Mother| Joan Beaufort

Eleanor of Scotland (1433 – 20 November 1480) was an Archduchess of Austria by marriage to Sigismund, Archduke of Austria, a noted translator, and regent of Austria in 1455–58 and 1467. She was a daughter of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort.

## Early life

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Eleanor was the sixth child of James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort.[1] James I was known for his great love of literature which he passed on to Eleanor and her sister Margaret.[1]

Starting in 1445, Eleanor lived at the court of Charles VII of France, where it was suggested that she should marry Frederick, King of the Romans.[1][2] In 1447, she accompanied Marie of Anjou, Queen of France, on a pilgrimage on Mont Saint-Michel.[3]

## Archduchess of Austria

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In 1448 or 1449 the teenage Eleanor married Sigismund, a Habsburg Duke, then Archduke of Further Austria, and finally ruler of Tyrol (from 1446 to 1490).[1][2]

Eleanor served as regent for her husband from 1455 to 1458 and again in 1467.[2]

Heinrich Steinhöwel dedicated his translation of Boccaccio's On Famous Women to Eleanor.

## Translation

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Eleanor was a great lover of books and literate in several languages.[2] She translated The History of the King's Son of Galicia, named Pontus, and the beautiful Sydonia (Pontus and Sidonia) from French to German.[2] The French original passed through several editions between 1480 and 1550.[2]

In addition to translating the work, Eleanor also revised it to increase the political power of women.[2] Only the courts with effective female advisors retained their political stability.[2]

Based on the number of printings, it was a popular book.[2] A copy of the German translation, preserved in the library of Gotha, bears the date 1465.[3]

Eleanor and Elisabeth von Nassau-Saarbrücken are credited with introducing the prose novel to German literature.[2]

## Death

[edit]

Eleanor died giving birth to her son Wolfgang at Innsbruck on 20 November 1480 and was buried in Stams.

## Gallery

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* Sigismund, Archduke of Austria and his betrothed Radegonde of Valois and successive wives Eleanor of Scotland and Catherine, Archduchess of Austria.

* Sigismund and Eleanor Statues in Stams

## References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Eleanor of Scotland.

1. ^ a b c d Watanabe, Professor Morimichi (28 July 2013). Nicholas of Cusa – A Companion to his Life and his Times. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 9781409482536.
2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Schaus, Margaret (1 January 2006). Women and Gender in Medieval Europe: An Encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9780415969444.
3. ^ a b Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland. Society. 1 January 1862. p. 95.

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Royal consorts of Austria

House of Babenberg|

* Richardis of Sualafeldgau
* Glismod of West-Saxony
* Frozza Orseolo
* Adelaide of Eilenburg
* Swanhilde of Ungarnmark
* Ida of Formbach-Ratelnberg
* Maria of Perg
* Agnes of Waiblingen
* Maria of Bohemia
* Gertrude of Süpplingenburg
* Theodora Komnene
* Helena of Hungary
* Theodora Angelina
* Agnes of Merania

Interregnum|

* Kunigunda of Halych

House of Habsburg
Austria|

* Gertrude of Hohenberg
* Elisabeth of Carinthia
* Blanche of France
* Elizabeth Richeza of Poland
* Isabella of Aragon
* Catherine of Savoy
* Joanna of Pfirt
* Elizabeth of Bavaria
* Anne of Bohemia
* Catherine of Bohemia
* Viridis Visconti
* Elisabeth of Bohemia
* Beatrice of Nuremberg
* Joanna Sophia of Bavaria
* Elizabeth of Luxembourg
* Eleanor of Portugal
* Bianca Maria Sforza
* Isabella of Portugal
* Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
* Maria of Austria
* Anna of Tyrol
* Eleonora Gonzaga
* Maria Anna of Spain
* Maria Leopoldine of Austria
* Eleonora Gonzaga
* Claudia de' Medici
* Anna de' Medici
* Hedwig of Sulzbach
* Margaret Theresa of Spain
* Claudia Felicitas of Austria
* Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg
* Wilhelmine Amalie of Brunswick
* Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
* Maria Josepha of Bavaria
* Maria Luisa of Spain
* Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily
* Maria Ludovika of Austria-Este
* Caroline Augusta of Bavaria
* Maria Anna of Savoy
* Elisabeth of Bavaria
* Zita of Bourbon-Parma

House of Habsburg
Styria, Carinthia, Carniola|

* Viridis Visconti
* Joanna II of Naples
* Catherine of Burgundy
* Margaret of Pomerania
* Cymburgis of Masovia
* Eleanor of Portugal
* Mechthild of the Palatinate
* Bianca Maria Sforza
* Isabella of Portugal
* Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
* Maria Anna of Bavaria
* Maria Anna of Bavaria

House of Habsburg
Tyrol|

* Catherine of Bohemia
* Viridis Visconti
* Joanna II of Naples
* Elisabeth of the Palatinate
* Anna of Brunswick
* Eleanor of Scotland
* Catherine of Saxony
* Anne of Brittany
* Bianca Maria Sforza
* Isabella of Portugal
* Anne of Bohemia and Hungary
* Anna Juliana Gonzaga
* Anna of Tyrol
* Eleonora Gonzaga
* Claudia de' Medici
* Anna de' Medici
* Hedwig of Sulzbach
* Margaret Theresa of Spain
* Claudia Felicitas of Austria
* Eleonore Magdalene of Neuburg

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Austrian archduchesses by marriage

Later generations are included although Austrian titles of nobility were abolished and outlawed in 1919.

1st generation|

* Eleanor of Portugal
* Mechthild of the Palatinate
* Eleanor of Scotland
* Catherine of Saxony

2nd generation|

* Mary, Duchess of Burgundy
* Anne, Duchess of Brittany
* Bianca Maria Sforza

3rd generation|

* Joanna, Queen of Castile

4th generation|

* Infanta Isabella of Portugal
* Anne of Bohemia and Hungary

5th generation|

* Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal*
* Mary I of England*
* Infanta Maria of Spain^
* Anna Juliana Gonzaga
* Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria

6th generation|

* Archduchess Anna of Austria^
* Isabella Clara Eugenia^
* Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria
* Eleonora Gonzaga
* Claudia de' Medici

7th generation|

* Princess Elisabeth of France*
* Infanta Maria Ana of Spain^
* Archduchess Maria Leopoldine of Austria^
* Eleonora Gonzaga
* Anna de' Medici
* Countess Palatine Hedwig of Sulzbach

8th generation|

* Infanta Margaret Theresa of Spain^
* Archduchess Claudia Felicitas of Austria^
* Countess Palatine Eleonor Magdalene of Neuburg

9th generation|

* Princess Wilhelmina Amalia of Brunswick-Lüneburg
* Princess Elisabeth Christine of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

10th generation|

* None

11th generation|

* Princess Isabella of Parma**
* Princess Maria Josepha of Bavaria**
* Infanta Maria Luisa of Spain**
* Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa**

12th generation|

* Duchess Elisabeth of Württemberg**
* Princess Maria Theresa of Naples and Sicily**
* Princess Luisa of Naples and Sicily**
* Princess Henrietta of Nassau-Weilburg**
* Grand Duchess Alexandra Pavlovna of Russia**
* Princess Hermine of Anhalt-Bernburg-Schaumburg-Hoym**
* Duchess Maria Dorothea of Württemberg**
* Princess Elisabeth of Savoy**
* Princess Maria Beatrice of Savoy

13th generation|

* Princess Sophie of Bavaria
* Princess Maria Anna of Saxony**
* Princess Hildegard of Bavaria
* Archduchess Elisabeth Franziska of Austria^
* Princess Clotilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
* Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria, Duchess of Modena

14th generation|

* Princess Charlotte of Belgium
* Princess Margaretha of Saxony
* Princess Maria Annunciata of the Two Sicilies
* Infanta Maria Theresa of Portugal
* Princess Anna of Saxony**
* Princess Maria Immaculata of the Two Sicilies**
* Princess Isabella of Croÿ
* Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria^
* Princess Auguste Maria of Bavaria

15th generation|

* Princess Stéphanie of Belgium
* Princess Maria Josepha of Saxony
* Princess Maria Cristina of the Two Sicilies**
* Princess Blanca of Bourbon**
* Archduchess Marie Valerie of Austria^**

16th generation|

* Princess Zita of Parma
* Princess Ileana of Romania**
* Princess Rosemary of Salm-Salm**
* Princess Maria of Löwenstein-Wertheim-Rosenberg

17th generation|

* Princess Regina of Saxe-Meiningen
* Princess Margherita of Savoy
* Princess Yolande of Ligne
* Laetitia d'Arenberg**

18th generation|

* Freiin Francesca Thyssen-Bornemisza de Kászon et Impérfalva
* Duchess Eilika of Oldenburg
* Princess Astrid of Belgium
* Princess Marie Astrid of Luxembourg

*also an infanta of Spain by marriage; **also a princess of Tuscany by marriage; ^also an archduchess of Austria in her own right

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