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A woman with ballot during 2007 Ukrainian parliamentary election

Elections in Ukraine are held to choose the president (head of state), Verkhovna Rada (legislature), and local governments. Referendums may be held on special occasions. Ukraine has a multi-party system, often no single party has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form coalition governments.

## Latest election

[edit]

### 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election

[edit]

Party| Proportional| Constituency| Total
seats| +/–
Votes| %| Seats| Votes| %| Seats
| Servant of the People| 6,307,793| 43.16| 124| 4,630,880| 32.87| 130| 254| New
| Opposition Platform — For Life| 1,908,111| 13.06| 37| 987,832| 7.01| 6| 43| New
| Batkivshchyna| 1,196,303| 8.19| 24| 686,734| 4.87| 2| 26| +6
| European Solidarity| 1,184,620| 8.11| 23| 589,918| 4.19| 2| 25| –106
| Holos| 851,722| 5.83| 17| 401,903| 2.85| 3| 20| New
| Radical Party of Oleh Liashko| 586,384| 4.01| 0| 152,191| 1.08| 0| 0| –22
| Strength and Honor| 558,652| 3.82| 0| 175,397| 1.24| 0| 0| 0
| Opposition Bloc — Party for Peace and Development| 443,195| 3.03| 0| 377,191| 2.68| 6| 6| New
| Ukrainian Strategy of Groysman| 352,934| 2.42| 0| | 0| New
| Party of Shariy| 327,152| 2.24| 0| 12,054| 0.09| 0| 0| New
| Svoboda| 315,568| 2.16| 0| 452,373| 3.21| 1| 1| –6
| Civil Position| 153,225| 1.05| 0| 103,044| 0.73| 0| 0| 0
| Party of Greens of Ukraine| 96,659| 0.66| 0| | 0| 0
| Self Reliance| 91,596| 0.63| 0| 135,297| 0.96| 1| 1| –32
| Agrarian Party of Ukraine| 75,509| 0.52| 0| 96,139| 0.68| 0| 0| New
| Movement of New Forces| 67,740| 0.46| 0| 7,683| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Power of the People| 27,984| 0.19| 0| 49,117| 0.35| 0| 0| 0
| Power of Law [uk]| 20,340| 0.14| 0| | 0| New
| Patriot| 16,123| 0.11| 0| 18,015| 0.13| 0| 0| New
| Social Justice| 15,967| 0.11| 0| 2,615| 0.02| 0| 0| New
| Independence| 7,970| 0.05| 0| | 0| New
| Torch| 7,739| 0.05| 0| | 0| New
| United Centre| | 44,485| 0.32| 1| 1| New
| People's Movement of Ukraine| | 41,482| 0.29| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform| | 22,279| 0.16| 0| 0| –
| Bila Tserkva Together| | 20,277| 0.14| 1| 1| New
| Democratic Axis| | 13,613| 0.10| 0| 0| New
| Civil Movement of Ukraine| | 12,037| 0.09| 0| 0| 0
| Joint Action| | 7,071| 0.05| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian Unity Party| | 6,355| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists| | 5,318| 0.04| 0| 0| 0
| Right Sector| | 5,093| 0.04| 0| 0| –1
| Our Land| | 4,709| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| All-Ukrainian Union "Cherkashchany"| | 4,283| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Social and Political Platform of Nadiya Savchenko| | 3,949| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Party of Free Democrats| | 3,599| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Ukrainian Party| | 3,268| 0.02| 0| 0| New
| Party of Pensioners of Ukraine| | 3,262| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Ukraine the Glorious| | 3,064| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Native City| | 2,376| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Socialist Party of Ukraine| | 1,990| 0.01| 0| 0| 0
| Liberty| | 1,802| 0.01| 0| 0| 0
| Community and Law| | 1,527| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Darth Vader Bloc| | 1,164| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Development| | 903| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Republican Christian Party| | 902| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Aware Nation| | 766| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Real Action| | 764| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Party of Local Self-Governance| | 520| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Meritocratic Party of Ukraine| | 517| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| Trust the Deeds| | 428| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Gypsy Party of Ukraine| | 388| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Internet Party of Ukraine| | 370| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| Bdzhola| | 222| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| People's Truth| | 206| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Student Party of Ukraine| | 138| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Pirate Party of Ukraine| | 133| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Independents| | 4,992,514| 35.43| 46| 46| –51
Vacant| | | 26| 26| –
Total| 14,613,286| 100.00| 225| 14,090,157| 100.00| 225| 450| 0
Valid votes| 14,613,286| 99.01| | | | |
Invalid/blank votes| 146,262| 0.99| | | | |
Total votes| 14,759,548| 100.00| | | | |
Registered voters/turnout| 29,973,739| 49.24| | | | |
Source: CLEA, CVK

### 2019 Ukrainian presidential election

[edit]

Candidate| Party| First round| Second round

|
|
|

Votes| %| Votes| %
| Volodymyr Zelenskyy| Servant of the People| 5,714,034| 30.61| 13,541,528| 74.96
| Petro Poroshenko| Independent (BPP)| 3,014,609| 16.15| 4,522,450| 25.04
| Yulia Tymoshenko| Batkivshchyna| 2,532,452| 13.56|
| Yuriy Boyko| Independent| 2,206,216| 11.82|
| Anatoliy Hrytsenko| Civil Position| 1,306,450| 7.00|
| Ihor Smeshko| Independent| 1,141,332| 6.11|
| Oleh Liashko| Radical Party of Oleh Liashko| 1,036,003| 5.55|
| Oleksandr Vilkul| Opposition Bloc| 784,274| 4.20|
| Ruslan Koshulynskyi| Svoboda| 307,244| 1.65|
| Yuriy Tymoshenko| Independent| 117,693| 0.63|
| Oleksandr Shevchenko| UKROP| 109,078| 0.58|
| Valentyn Nalyvaichenko| Spravedlyvist [uk]| 43,239| 0.23|
| Olha Bohomolets| Independent| 33,966| 0.18|
| Hennadiy Balashov| 5.10| 32,872| 0.18|
| Roman Bezsmertnyi| Independent| 27,182| 0.15|
| Viktor Bondar| Revival| 22,564| 0.12|
| Yulia Lytvynenko| Independent| 20,014| 0.11|
| Yuriy Derevyanko| Liberty| 19,542| 0.10|
| Serhiy Taruta| Osnova| 18,918| 0.10|
| Ihor Shevchenko| Independent| 18,667| 0.10|
| Inna Bohoslovska| Independent| 18,482| 0.10|
| Yurii Karmazin| Independent| 15,965| 0.09|
| Volodymyr Petrov| Independent| 15,587| 0.08|
| Vitaliy Skotsyk| Independent| 15,118| 0.08|
| Serhiy Kaplin| Social Democratic Party [uk]| 14,532| 0.08|
| Oleksandr Moroz| Socialist Party of Oleksandr Moroz| 13,139| 0.07|
| Viktor Kryvenko| People's Movement of Ukraine| 9,243| 0.05|
| Vasyl Zhuravlyov [uk]| Stability Party| 8,453| 0.05|
| Illia Kyva| Socialist Party of Ukraine| 5,869| 0.03|
| Andriy Novak [uk]| Patriot Party| 5,587| 0.03|
| Oleksandr Vashchenko [uk]| Independent| 5,503| 0.03|
| Mykola Haber [uk]| Independent| 5,433| 0.03|
| Oleksandr Solovyev [uk]| Reasonable Force| 5,331| 0.03|
| Ruslan Rygovanov [uk]| Independent| 5,230| 0.03|
| Oleksandr Danylyuk| Independent| 4,648| 0.02|
| Vitalii Kuprii [uk]| Independent| 4,508| 0.02|
| Arkadiy Kornatskiy| Independent| 4,494| 0.02|
| Serhiy Nosenko [uk]| Independent| 3,114| 0.02|
| Roman Nasirov| Independent| 2,579| 0.01|
Total| 18,669,164| 100.00| 18,063,978| 100.00
Valid votes| 18,669,164| 98.81| 18,063,978| 97.69
Invalid/blank votes| 224,600| 1.19| 427,841| 2.31
Total votes| 18,893,764| 100.00| 18,491,819| 100.00
Registered voters/turnout| 30,047,302| 62.88| 30,105,004| 61.42
Source: Central Election Commission (First round, second round)

## Result in history

[edit]

### 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary election

[edit]

Party| Votes| %| Seats
| Communist Party of Ukraine| 3,683,332| 13.57| 86
| People's Movement of Ukraine| 1,491,164| 5.49| 20
| Socialist Party of Ukraine| 895,830| 3.30| 14
| Peasant Party of Ukraine| 794,614| 2.93| 19
| Ukrainian Republican Party| 728,614| 2.68| 8
| Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists| 361,352| 1.33| 5
| Democratic Party of Ukraine| 312,842| 1.15| 2
| Party of Democratic Revival of Ukraine| 239,763| 0.88| 4
| Liberal Party of Ukraine| 173,503| 0.64| 0
| Ukrainian National Assembly| 148,239| 0.55| 1
| Party of Labor| 114,409| 0.42| 4
| Social Democratic Party of Ukraine| 104,204| 0.38| 2
| Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine| 100,007| 0.37| 1
| Ukrainian Conservative Republican Party| 99,028| 0.36| 2
| Toiling Congress of Ukraine| 83,702| 0.31| 0
| Civil Congress of Ukraine| 72,473| 0.27| 2
| Party of Greens of Ukraine| 71,946| 0.27| 0
| Social-National Party of Ukraine| 49,483| 0.18| 0
| Ukrainian Party of Justice| 40,414| 0.15| 0
| State Independence of Ukraine| 24,722| 0.09| 0
| Party of Economic Revival| 20,829| 0.08| 0
| Party of Slavic Unity of Ukraine| 18,807| 0.07| 0
| Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists| 16,766| 0.06| 0
| Ukrainian Party of Solidarity and Social Justice| 12,847| 0.05| 0
| Constitutional Democratic Party of Ukraine| 12,711| 0.05| 0
| Ukrainian Peasant Democratic Party| 11,827| 0.04| 0
| Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine| 8,576| 0.03| 0
| Ukrainian National Conservative Party [uk]| 6,668| 0.02| 0
| Ukrainian Christian Democratic Party| 5,917| 0.02| 0
| Ukrainian Beer Lovers Party| 1,806| 0.01| 0
| Party of Free Peasants of Ukraine| 1,169| 0.00| 0
| Party of National Salvation of Ukraine| 515| 0.00| 0
| Other parties| 28,166| 0.10| 0
| Independents| 14,894,269| 54.87| 168
Vacant| | 112
Against all| 2,512,118| 9.26| –
Total| 27,142,632| 100.00| 450
Valid votes| 27,142,632| 93.71|
Invalid/blank votes| 1,821,350| 6.29|
Total votes| 28,963,982| 100.00|
Registered voters/turnout| 38,204,100| 75.81|
Source: Nohlen & Stöver

### 1998 Ukrainian parliamentary election

[edit]

Party| Proportional| Constituency| Total
seats| +/–
Votes| %| Seats| Votes| %| Seats
| Communist Party of Ukraine| 6,550,353| 25.44| 84| 3,495,711| 13.62| 37| 121| +35
| People's Movement of Ukraine| 2,498,262| 9.70| 32| 1,500,648| 5.85| 14| 46| +26
| Socialist Party – Peasant Party| 2,273,788| 8.83| 29| 1,067,267| 4.16| 5| 34| +1
| Party of Greens of Ukraine| 1,444,264| 5.61| 19| 196,044| 0.76| 0| 19| +19
| People's Democratic Party| 1,331,460| 5.17| 17| 985,770| 3.84| 11| 28| +24
| Hromada| 1,242,235| 4.82| 16| 880,073| 3.43| 8| 24| New
| Progressive Socialist Party of Ukraine| 1,075,118| 4.18| 14| 231,043| 0.90| 2| 16| New
| Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)| 1,066,113| 4.14| 14| 450,522| 1.76| 3| 17| New
| Agrarian Party of Ukraine| 978,330| 3.80| 0| 784,287| 3.06| 9| 9| New
| Reforms and Order Party| 832,574| 3.23| 0| 455,166| 1.77| 3| 3| New
| Laborious Ukraine (GKU–UPS)| 813,326| 3.16| 0| 123,869| 0.48| 1| 1| –1
| National Front (KUN–UKRP–URP)| 721,966| 2.80| 0| 642,125| 2.50| 5| 5| –10
| Together (LPU–PP)| 502,969| 1.95| 0| 309,371| 1.21| 1| 1| –3
| Forward Ukraine! (KDS–UKDP)| 461,924| 1.79| 0| 129,378| 0.50| 2| 2| +2
| Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine| 344,826| 1.34| 0| 190,783| 0.74| 2| 2| +1
| Bloc of Democratic Parties – NEP (DPU–PEV)| 326,489| 1.27| 0| 275,460| 1.07| 1| 1| –1
| Party of National Economic Development of Ukraine| 250,476| 0.97| 0| 28,418| 0.11| 0| 0| New
| SLON – Social Liberal Association (Viche–MBR)| 241,367| 0.94| 0| 112,968| 0.44| 1| 1| 0
| Party of Regional Revival of Ukraine| 241,262| 0.94| 0| 204,631| 0.80| 2| 2| New
| All-Ukrainian Party of Workers| 210,622| 0.82| 0| 57,463| 0.22| 0| 0| New
| Soyuz| 186,249| 0.72| 0| 38,467| 0.15| 1| 1| New
| All-Ukrainian Party of Women's Initiatives| 154,650| 0.60| 0| 18,208| 0.07| 0| 0| New
| Republican Christian Party| 143,496| 0.56| 0| 70,064| 0.27| 0| 0| New
| Ukrainian National Assembly| 105,977| 0.41| 0| 88,136| 0.34| 0| 0| –1
| Social Democratic Party of Ukraine| 85,045| 0.33| 0| 36,670| 0.14| 0| 0| –2
| Motherland Defenders Party| 81,808| 0.32| 0| 26,286| 0.10| 0| 0| New
| Party of Spiritual, Economic and Social Progress| 53,147| 0.21| 0| 28,418| 0.11| 0| 0| New
| Party of Muslims of Ukraine| 52,613| 0.20| 0| 1,342| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Fewer Words (SNPU–DSU)| 45,155| 0.18| 0| 65,760| 0.26| 1| 1| 0
| European Choice of Ukraine (LDPU–USDP)| 37,118| 0.14| 0| 59,474| 0.23| 0| 0| 0
| Communist Party (Bolshevik) of Ukraine| | 17,656| 0.07| 0| 0| New
| Women's Party of Ukraine| | 15,867| 0.06| 0| 0| New
| Party of Slavic Unity of Ukraine| | 12,470| 0.05| 0| 0| 0
| Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists| | 1,944| 0.01| 0| 0| 0
| Party of National Salvation of Ukraine| | 1,544| 0.01| 0| 0| 0
| Independents| | 11,148,333| 43.43| 111| 111| –57
Vacant| | | 5| 5| –
Against all| 1,396,592| 5.42| –| 1,915,531| 7.46| –| –| –
Total| 25,749,574| 100.00| 225| 25,667,167| 100.00| 225| 450| 0
Valid votes| 25,749,574| 96.91| | 25,667,167| 96.60| |
Invalid/blank votes| 821,699| 3.09| | 904,106| 3.40| |
Total votes| 26,571,273| 100.00| | 26,571,273| 100.00| |
Registered voters/turnout| 37,540,092| 70.78| | 37,540,092| 70.78| |
Source: Nohlen & Stöver, University of Essex

### 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election

[edit]

Party| Proportional| Constituency| Total
seats| +/–
Votes| %| Seats| Votes| %| Seats
| Party of Regions| 6,116,746| 30.00| 72| 5,641,714| 28.16| 113| 185| +10
| Batkivshchyna| 5,209,090| 25.55| 62| 3,427,956| 17.11| 39| 101| –55
| Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform| 2,847,979| 13.97| 34| 1,790,151| 8.93| 6| 40| New
| Communist Party of Ukraine| 2,687,269| 13.18| 32| 1,554,476| 7.76| 0| 32| +5
| Svoboda| 2,129,933| 10.45| 25| 848,854| 4.24| 12| 37| +37
| Ukraine – Forward!| 322,198| 1.58| 0| 187,006| 0.93| 0| 0| New
| Our Ukraine| 226,492| 1.11| 0| 51,654| 0.26| 0| 0| –72
| Radical Party of Oleh Liashko| 221,144| 1.08| 0| 105,236| 0.53| 1| 1| New
| Party of Pensioners of Ukraine| 114,206| 0.56| 0| 4,640| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Socialist Party of Ukraine| 93,071| 0.46| 0| 121,752| 0.61| 0| 0| 0
| Party of Greens of Ukraine| 70,261| 0.34| 0| 33,131| 0.17| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian Party "Green Planet"| 70,106| 0.34| 0| 15,923| 0.08| 0| 0| 0
| Russian Bloc| 63,532| 0.31| 0| 42,074| 0.21| 0| 0| 0
| Greens| 51,369| 0.25| 0| | 0| New
| Ukraine of the Future| 37,909| 0.19| 0| 27,053| 0.14| 0| 0| New
| Native Fatherland| 32,701| 0.16| 0| 3,743| 0.02| 0| 0| New
| People's Labor Union of Ukraine| 22,854| 0.11| 0| 6,955| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| New Politics| 21,030| 0.10| 0| 15,168| 0.08| 0| 0| 0
| Hromada| 17,667| 0.09| 0| 4,841| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian National Assembly| 16,913| 0.08| 0| 3,199| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Liberal Party of Ukraine| 15,549| 0.08| 0| 3,255| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| People's Party| | 354,924| 1.77| 2| 2| –18
| United Centre| | 155,492| 0.78| 3| 3| New
| Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists| | 74,712| 0.37| 0| 0| –
| Ukrainian Platform "Sobor"| | 48,813| 0.24| 0| 0| –
| Soyuz| | 36,077| 0.18| 1| 1| +1
| Party of Hungarians of Ukraine| | 22,922| 0.11| 0| 0| New
| United Left and Peasants| | 21,542| 0.11| 0| 0| New
| Agrarian Party of Ukraine| | 16,225| 0.08| 0| 0| New
| People's Initiative| | 14,968| 0.07| 0| 0| New
| Russian Unity| | 13,806| 0.07| 0| 0| New
| European Party of Ukraine| | 13,533| 0.07| 0| 0| –
| Greater Ukraine| | 9,473| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Patriotic Party of Ukraine| | 9,210| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Ukrainian Party| | 9,088| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Social-Environmental Party "Union. Chornobyl. Ukraine"| | 8,326| 0.04| 0| 0| New
| People's Party of Depositors and Social Security| | 7,684| 0.04| 0| 0| New
| Truth| | 6,391| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| People's Democratic Party| | 6,324| 0.03| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian National Conservative Party| | 6,036| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Viche| | 5,942| 0.03| 0| 0| –
| One Rus| | 5,860| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Ukrainian Marine Party| | 5,535| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| State| | 5,422| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Youth Party of Ukraine| | 5,297| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Solidarity of Women of Ukraine| | 5,143| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Fair Ukraine| | 4,808| 0.02| 0| 0| New
| People's Movement of Ukraine| | 3,081| 0.02| 0| 0| –6
| Slavic Party| | 2,197| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Spiritual Ukraine| | 1,903| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Union of Anarchists of Ukraine| | 1,696| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Social-Patriotic Assembly of Slavs| | 1,620| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Meritocratic Party of Ukraine| | 1,599| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Young Ukraine| | 1,583| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Civil Solidarity Party| | 1,579| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Christian Democratic Party of Ukraine| | 1,210| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Sam za sebe| | 1,198| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| Revival| | 1,109| 0.01| 0| 0| New
| People's Ecological Party| | 904| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Christian Movement| | 597| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Youth to Power| | 564| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Liberal Democratic Party of Ukraine| | 529| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Political Party of Small and Medium-sized Businesses of Ukraine| | 504| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| Law and Order| | 497| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| European Platform| | 455| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Internet Party of Ukraine| | 416| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Bloc Party| | 397| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| All-Ukrainian Union "Center"| | 366| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| For Human Rights| | 352| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Civil Position| | 352| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Democratic Party of Ukrainian Hunters| | 340| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Social Democratic Party of Ukraine (united)| | 340| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Right Will of Ukraine| | 243| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Cossack Ukrainian Party| | 235| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| All-Ukrainian Political Party "Fraternity"| | 188| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Party of Free Democrats| | 186| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| People's Order Party| | 124| 0.00| 0| 0| New
| Independents| | 5,248,373| 26.19| 43| 43| New
Vacant| | | 5| 5| –
Total| 20,388,019| 100.00| 225| 20,037,071| 100.00| 225| 450| 0
Valid votes| 20,388,019| 98.03| | | | |
Invalid/blank votes| 409,068| 1.97| | | | |
Total votes| 20,797,087| 100.00| | | | |
Registered voters/turnout| 36,213,010| 57.43| | | | |
Source: CLEA

### 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election

[edit]

Party| Proportional| Constituency| Total
seats| +/–
Votes| %| Seats| Votes| %| Seats
| People's Front| 3,488,114| 22.14| 64| 1,461,870| 9.64| 18| 82| New
| Petro Poroshenko Bloc| 3,437,521| 21.82| 63| 2,896,640| 19.11| 68| 131| New
| Self Reliance| 1,729,271| 10.98| 32| 161,175| 1.06| 1| 33| New
| Opposition Bloc| 1,486,203| 9.43| 27| 223,649| 1.48| 2| 29| New
| Radical Party of Oleh Liashko| 1,173,131| 7.45| 22| 601,022| 3.96| 0| 22| +21
| Batkivshchyna| 894,837| 5.68| 17| 960,285| 6.33| 3| 20| –81
| Svoboda| 742,022| 4.71| 0| 358,061| 2.36| 6| 6| –31
| Communist Party of Ukraine| 611,923| 3.88| 0| 226,176| 1.49| 0| 0| –32
| Strong Ukraine| 491,471| 3.12| 0| 259,676| 1.71| 1| 1| New
| Civil Position| 489,523| 3.11| 0| 51,731| 0.34| 0| 0| 0
| Spade| 418,301| 2.66| 0| 134,418| 0.89| 1| 1| New
| Right Sector| 284,943| 1.81| 0| 156,763| 1.03| 1| 1| +1
| Solidarity of Women of Ukraine| 105,094| 0.67| 0| 8,649| 0.06| 0| 0| 0
| 5.10| 67,124| 0.43| 0| 4,324| 0.03| 0| 0| New
| Internet Party of Ukraine| 58,197| 0.37| 0| 8,709| 0.06| 0| 0| 0
| Party of Greens of Ukraine| 39,636| 0.25| 0| 4,612| 0.03| 0| 0| 0
| Green Planet| 37,726| 0.24| 0| 19,238| 0.13| 0| 0| 0
| Revival| 31,201| 0.20| 0| | 0| 0
| United Country| 28,145| 0.18| 0| | 0| New
| Ukraine – United Country [uk]| 19,838| 0.13| 0| | 0| New
| New Politics| 19,222| 0.12| 0| 7,481| 0.05| 0| 0| 0
| Power of the People| 17,817| 0.11| 0| 44,161| 0.29| 0| 0| New
| Ukraine of the Future| 14,168| 0.09| 0| | 0| New
| Strength and Honor| 13,549| 0.09| 0| | 0| New
| Civil Movement of Ukraine [uk]| 13,000| 0.08| 0| | 0| New
| Bloc of Left Forces of Ukraine [uk]| 12,499| 0.08| 0| 37,800| 0.25| 0| 0| New
| National Democratic Party of Ukraine [uk]| 11,826| 0.08| 0| 7,243| 0.05| 0| 0| New
| Congress of Ukrainian Nationalists| 8,976| 0.06| 0| 31,889| 0.21| 0| 0| 0
| Liberal Party of Ukraine| 8,523| 0.05| 0| 36,421| 0.24| 0| 0| 0
| Ukrainian Platform "Sobor"| | 38,257| 0.25| 0| 0| 0
| Democratic Alliance| | 31,796| 0.21| 0| 0| New
| Ukrainian Republican Party| | 24,845| 0.16| 0| 0| New
| Public Power| | 21,723| 0.14| 0| 0| New
| Joint Action| | 19,343| 0.13| 0| 0| New
| Justice| | 14,284| 0.09| 0| 0| New
| People's Party| | 13,197| 0.09| 0| 0| –2
| People's Movement of Ukraine| | 7,488| 0.05| 0| 0| 0
| Meritocratic Party of Ukraine| | 3,032| 0.02| 0| 0| 0
| Patriotic Party of Ukraine| | 2,268| 0.01| 0| 0| 0
| Social Christian Party| | 450| 0.00| 0| 0| 0
| Independents| | 7,282,814| 48.03| 97| 97| +54
Vacant| | | 27| 27| –
Total| 15,753,801| 100.00| 225| 15,161,490| 100.00| 225| 450| 0
Valid votes| 15,753,801| 98.14| | | | |
Invalid/blank votes| 298,402| 1.86| | | | |
Total votes| 16,052,203| 100.00| | | | |
Registered voters/turnout| 30,921,218| 51.91| | | | |
Source: CLEA

## Legislation

[edit]

See also: Imperative mandate (Ukraine)

Elections in Ukraine are held to choose the President (head of state) and Verkhovna Rada (legislature). The Ukrainian constitution does not allow holding Verkhovna Rada elections while martial law is in effect.[1] The president is elected for a five-year term. The Verkhovna Rada has 450 members and is also elected for a five-year term, but may be dissolved earlier by the president in the case of a failure to form a government.[2][3][4] The next election to the Verkhovna Rada, set to be in 2023,[5] will be, for the first time, with different regional open lists (with again an electoral threshold of five percent) and a return, and thus abolition of the constituencies with first-past-the-post voting, to only one national constituency.[6]

From 2012 until the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election the Verkhovna Rada was elected using a mixed election system. Half of the representatives were elected from national closed party lists distributed between the parties using the Hare quota with a 5% threshold. The remaining half were elected from constituencies using first-past-the-post voting. This system was adopted for the 2012 elections[2][7] and was also used for the 2014 election, as a new draft law moving to electing all members using open party lists failed to gather necessary support in the Rada.[8] According to current law, the next election to the Verkhovna Rada (to be held) in 2023[5] will again be without single-member constituencies and instead deputies can only be elected on a party list in one nationwide constituency with a 5% election threshold with open regional lists of candidates for deputies.[6]

A snap poll must have a voter turnout higher than 50%.[9]

Ukraine's election law forbids outside financing of political parties or campaigns.[10]

Presidential candidates must have had residence in Ukraine for the past ten years prior to election day.[11]

Since late February 2016 a party congress is allowed to remove any candidate from its party list before the Central Election Commission recognizes him or her elected. Meaning that parties after elections can prevent their candidates to take a seat in parliament that they were entitled to due to their place on the party list.[12] A party is (since late February 2016) also allowed to excluded people from its electoral list of the last parliamentary elections.[13]

In Ukraine political campaigning outside election campaign periods is prohibited.[14] But this prohibition is widely ignored in election years and perpetraters are seldom punished since political parties use loopholes in election law.[14]

### Local elections

[edit]

Further information: Local elections in Ukraine

Under the Constitution of Ukraine, the term of office of the heads of villages and towns and the council members of these villages and towns is five years.[15]

### Past legislation

[edit]

The parliamentary election law has been changed four times from 1991 to 2015.[2][16] Before 1998 all the members of the Parliament were elected by single-seat constituencies (from each electoral district). In 1998 and in 2002 half of the members were elected by proportional representation (faction vote) and the other half by single-seat constituencies. In the 2006 and 2007 parliamentary election, all 450 members of the Verkhovna Rada were elected by party-list proportional representation with closed lists[17][18][19] (the same goes for local elections).[20]

In the 2010 Ukrainian local elections four years was set for the office of the heads of villages and towns and the council members of these villages and towns.[15][21]

## Voting patterns

[edit]

Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, the Communist Party of Ukraine politically dominated most of Ukraine. By mid 1990s the communists completely lost popularity in western Ukraine, which voted for any representative but communist. Since Leonid Kuchma left presidential post, in 2004 support for the Communist Party shifted towards the Party of Regions being politically dominating mostly over the southeastern Ukraine. At the same time initially led by the People's Movement of Ukraine, political leadership in the non-communist camp was taken over by Our Ukraine bloc and Bloc of Yulia Tymoshenko.

In the elections since 2002 voters of Western and Central Ukrainian oblasts voted mostly for parties (Our Ukraine, Batkivshchyna, UDAR, Self Reliance, Radical Party, Petro Poroshenko Bloc and the People's Front) and presidential candidates (Viktor Yushchenko, Yulia Tymoshenko) with a pro-Western and state reform platform, while voters in Southern and Eastern oblasts of Ukraine voted for parties (CPU, Party of Regions and Opposition Bloc) and presidential candidates (Viktor Yanukovych) with a pro-Russian and status quo platform.[22][23][24][25][26][27] Although this geographical division is decreasing.[28][22][29] Till the 2014 Ukrainian parliamentary election the electorate of CPU and Party of Regions was very loyal to them.[26] But in the 2014 parliamentary election Party of Regions did not to participate (because of a perceived lack of legitimacy (of the election), because not every resident of the Donbas could vote) and the CPU came 1.12% short of the 5% election threshold.[30][31] The results were a victory for the pro-Western parties and a major defeat for the pro-Russian camp.

A 2010 study by the Institute of Social and Political Psychology of Ukraine found that in general, Yulia Tymoshenko supporters are more optimistic compared with Viktor Yanukovych supporters. 46 percent of the Tymoshenko's backers expect improvement in their well-being in the next year compared to 30 percent for Yanukovych.[32]

### Parliamentary elections

[edit]

#### by party list

[edit]

1998 Parliament

2002 Parliament

2006 Parliament

2007 Parliament

2012 Parliament

2014 Parliament

2019 Parliament

#### by constituency

[edit]

1998 Parliament

2002 Parliament

2012 Parliament

2014 Parliament

2019 Parliament

### Presidential elections

[edit]

Main article: Ukrainian presidential elections

1999 President

2004 President run-off

2010 President run-off

2014 President

2019 President run-off

## Voter turnout

[edit]

From 1994 to 2007 the average voter turnout for the Verkhovna Rada elections was 68.13%[33][34] The total voter turnout in the 2012 parliamentary elections was then the lowest ever with 57.99%;[35] The lowest turnout in these elections was in Crimea (with 49.46%), the highest in Lviv Oblast (67.13%).[35] In the 2014 parliamentary elections the official voter turnout was set (by the Central Election Commission of Ukraine) at 52.42%.[36] This figure was determined after the Central Electoral Commission deducted the eligible voters in areas were voting was impossible.[22] Because of the War in Donbas and the unilateral annexation of Crimea by Russia, the 2014 parliamentary elections were not held in Crimea and also not held in parts of Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast.[37][38] The lowest turnout in these elections was in Donetsk Oblast (with 32.4%), the highest in again in Lviv Oblast (70%).[39] According to Tadeusz Olszański, of the Centre for Eastern Studies, the low turnout in Donetsk Oblast (and also Luhansk Oblast) is explained by the end of an artificial increase of voter turnout there by Party of Regions officials.[22]

Voter turnout in the presidential elections is always higher than for Verkhovna Rada elections with an average voter turnout of 72% from 2004 till 2010 (67.95% in the 2010 Presidential election).[33][40] In the 2014 Presidential election the Central Election Commission of Ukraine set the turnout at over 60%; just as in the 2014 parliamentary elections, these elections were not held in Crimea and also not held in parts of Donetsk Oblast and Luhansk Oblast.[41][42] The most popular presidential elections were the first one in 1991 where nearly 30.6 million people voted and in the 2004 election which gathered some 28 million. There were only three presidential candidates who have gathered over 10 million votes: Leonid Kravchuk (1991 - 19.6, 1994 - 10.0), Viktor Yushchenko (2004 - 11.1), and Viktor Yanukovych (2004 - 11.0). The 10 million voters mark was almost reached by Leonid Kuchma in 1999, but he only gained the trust of 9.6 million. To this day Kravchuk and Petro Poroshenko are the only presidential candidates who won the elections after the first round obtaining over 50% of votes, respective in 1991 and 2014. The person most frequently participating in presidential elections is Oleksandr Moroz who stood in every presidential election since 1994 when he gained the biggest support of some 3.5 million, while in 2010 less than 0.1 million voted for him. Viktor Yanukovych became the strongest runner-up in the history of presidential elections, while Leonid Kuchma - the only runner-up of the first round to pull a win in the second one. Thus far the top two presidential candidates always would get support of over 5 million voters each.

Since the 1994 Ukrainian parliamentary election voter turnouts have been declining. 1994 75.81%, 1998 70.78%, 2002 69.27%, 2006 67.55%, 2007 62.03%, 2012 57.43%, 2014 51.91% and the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election at 49.84%.

2010 President (first round)

2012 Parliament

2014 President

2014 Parliament

2019 Parliament

## Perceived flaws in legislation

[edit]

Despite a clear system for declaring donations to campaign funds, officials and experts say that Ukraine's election law is consistently flouted, with spending from candidates’ official funds representing only a fraction of the amount truly spent while it is rarely clear where the funding comes from.[43]

Early May 2009, the "Committee of Voters of Ukraine" stated they believe that the use of the state's administrative resources by political forces for their own national and local election campaigns is no longer a decisive factor in the outcome of Ukrainian elections.[44] According to a survey of 2,000 people conducted in October 2010 by two Ukrainian nongovernmental organizations, the Democratic Initiatives Fund and OPORA, one in five Ukrainians were willing to sell his or her vote in the then upcoming 2010 Ukrainian local elections.[45] But according to (then) Ukrainian Prime Minister Mykola Azarov these elections "were absolutely without the use of administrative resources, naturally. Nobody interfered with our citizens."[46]

## See also

[edit]

* Electoral system
* Electoral calendar

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "Constitution of Ukraine" (PDF). February 7, 2019. Article 83, Paragraph 4. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
2. ^ a b c "Parliament passes law on parliamentary elections". Kyiv Post. Interfax-Ukraine. 17 November 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
3. ^ Q&A: Ukrainian parliamentary election, BBC News (23 October 2012)
4. ^ (in Ukrainian) Law of Ukraine "On Elections of People's Deputies of Ukraine " dated 17 November 2011, Verkhovna Rada
5. ^ a b (in Ukrainian) Early to rejoice? Regular parliamentary elections may take place under Yanukovych's law, Civil movement "Chesno" (11 July 2019)
6. ^ a b Electoral Code becomes effective in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (1 January 2010)
7. ^ "Ukraine: The Law on Election of the People's Deputies (Unofficial translation by IFES), 2011" (PDF). 17 November 2011. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
8. ^ "Rada fails to put on today's agenda three bills on elections of MPs". Interfax-Ukraine. 14 August 2014. Retrieved 8 August 2015.
9. ^ "Voters Committee Predicting 60% Snap Election Turnout". Ukrainian News Agency. 16 October 2008. Archived from the original on 27 May 2009. Retrieved 16 October 2008.
10. ^ Hacked PR documents accelerate political war, Kyiv Post (11 January 2013)
11. ^ Vitali Klitschko says intends to run for president in Ukraine, Interfax-Ukraine (24 October 2013)
Parliament passes law that could prevent Klitschko from running for president, Interfax-Ukraine (24 October 2013)
12. ^ Poroshenko signs notorious 'party dictatorship' law, Ukraine Today (25 February 2016)
(in Ukrainian) Lyashko advantage of the law on "party dictatorship", Ukrayinska Pravda (3 March 2016)
13. ^ (in Ukrainian) CEC excluded from party list Lyashko 10 candidates for people's deputies, Ukrayinska Pravda (18 December 2016)
14. ^ a b Campaign false start: who is already advertised in the Dnipro, Civil movement "Chesno" (26 August 2020) (in Ukrainian)
15. ^ a b CEC member: Kyiv City Council to be elected for five years in upcoming election, Interfax-Ukraine (16 February 2013)
16. ^ Experts: Proposed election law casts cloud over next year’s parliamentary contest, Kyiv Post (October 3, 2011)
17. ^ Understanding Ukrainian Politics: Power, Politics, And Institutional Design by Paul D'Anieri, M.E. Sharpe, 2006, ISBN 0-7656-1811-7 (page 251)
18. ^ Black Sea Fleet vote: Know thy turncoats, Kyiv Post (May 6, 2010)
19. ^ Ukraine needs constitutional change now, Kyiv Post (May 7, 2009)
20. ^ Parliament rejects bill on local elections under open lists, Kyiv Post (July 1, 2010)
21. ^ European Parliament EU-Ukraine PCC Members' delegation to Ukraine observing local and regional elections of 31 October 2010, European Parliament (10 November 2010)
22. ^ a b c d Olszański, Tadeusz A. (29 October 2014), A strong vote for reform: Ukraine after the parliamentary elections, OSW—Centre for Eastern Studies
23. ^ Центральна виборча комісія України - WWW відображення ІАС "Вибори народних депутатів України 2012" Archived 2012-10-16 at the Wayback Machine
"CEC substitutes Tymoshenko, Lutsenko in voting papers". 30 August 2012. Archived from the original on 13 August 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
24. ^ Communist and Post-Communist Parties in Europe by Uwe Backes and Patrick Moreau, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2008, ISBN 978-3-525-36912-8 (page 396)
25. ^ Ukraine right-wing politics: is the genie out of the bottle?, openDemocracy.net (January 3, 2011)
26. ^ a b Eight Reasons Why Ukraine’s Party of Regions Will Win the 2012 Elections by Taras Kuzio, The Jamestown Foundation (17 October 2012)
UKRAINE: Yushchenko needs Tymoshenko as ally again Archived 2013-05-15 at the Wayback Machine by Taras Kuzio, Oxford Analytica (5 October 2007)
27. ^ After the parliamentary elections in Ukraine: a tough victory for the Party of Regions Archived 2013-03-17 at the Wayback Machine, Centre for Eastern Studies (7 November 2012)
28. ^ Election winner lacks strong voter mandate, Kyiv Post (February 11, 2010)
Ukraine's Party of Regions: A pyrrhic victory, EurActiv.com (16 November 2012)
Ukraine vote ushers in new constellation of power, Deutsche Welle (30 October 2012)
29. ^ Olszański, Tadeusz A. (28 May 2014), Poroshenko, President of Ukraine, OSW—Centre for Eastern Studies
30. ^ General official results of Rada election, Interfax-Ukraine (11 November 2014)
Central Election Commission announces official results of Rada election on party tickets, Interfax-Ukraine (11 November 2014)
31. ^ Ukraine's Party of Regions Refuses to Participate in Rada Elections, RIA Novosti (23 September 2014)
32. ^ Disappointment, pessimism high among nation’s voters, Kyiv Post (January 15, 2010)
33. ^ a b "Country View Ukraine". International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance. Archived from the original on 2009-02-13. Retrieved 2008-10-16.
34. ^ Central Election Commission of Ukraine
35. ^ a b CEC:Turnout in Ukraine's parliamentary elections 57.99%, Kyiv Post (29 October 2012)
36. ^ Voter turnout at Rada election 52.42% at all 198 constituencies - CEC, Interfax-Ukraine (27 October 2014)
37. ^ "Ukraine crisis: President calls snap vote amid fighting". BBC News. 25 August 2014. Archived from the original on 27 August 2014. Retrieved 30 August 2014.
38. ^ "Ukraine elections: Runners and risks". BBC News. 22 May 2014. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014. Retrieved 29 May 2014.
39. ^ Voter turnout at Rada election 52.42% at all 198 constituencies Archived 2014-12-03 at the Wayback Machine, National Radio Company of Ukraine (27 October 2014)
40. ^ "Swiss President, Luxembourg PM join others in congratulating Yushchenko". Kyiv Post. 31 December 2004.
41. ^ "CEC chair: Ukrainian presidential election turnout tops 60 percent". Kyivpost.com. 26 May 2014. Retrieved 2 June 2014.
42. ^ Poroshenko Declares Victory in Ukraine Presidential Election, The Wall Street Journal (25 May 2014)
43. ^ More than $1 billion will be spent on campaign, but no one knows for sure, Kyiv Post (January 14, 2010)
44. ^ Committee Of Voters: Use Of State’s Administrative Resources No Longer Decisive Factor In Outcome Of Elections Archived 2009-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, Ukrainian News Agency (May 8, 2009)
45. ^ Survey Shows Every Fifth Ukrainian Ready To Sell Vote, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (October 22, 2010)
46. ^ Yanukovych's Party Looks To Victory Amid Claims Of Election Fraud, Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (November 01, 2010)

## External links

[edit]

* Media related to Elections in Ukraine at Wikimedia Commons
* Central Election Commission of Ukraine
* UKR.VOTE Elections List
* Adam Carr's Election Archive
* Parties and Elections
* Serhiy Vasylchenko: Electoral Geography of Ukraine 1991 - 2010
* If parliamentary elections were held next Sunday how would you vote? (Recurrent poll since 2010) by Razumkov Centre
* Rating of parties since 2006 by Sociological group "RATING"

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