Electronic Video Recording

Film-based format for television broadcasts, invented by CBS

Electronic Video Recording, or EVR, was a film-based video recording format developed by Hungarian-born engineer Peter Carl Goldmark at CBS Laboratories in the 1960s.

CBS announced the development of EVR on August 27, 1967. [1] The 750-foot film was stored on a 7-inch-diameter (180 mm) spool in a plastic cartridge. It used a twin-track 8.75 mm film onto which video signals were transferred by electron beam recording, two monochrome tracks in the same direction of travel. [2] Some EVR films had a separate chroma track in place of the second program monochrome track for color EVR films. The images stored on an EVR film were visible frames much like motion picture film, and were read by a flying-spot scanner inside an EVR player to be converted to a video signal to be sent to a television set.[3]

EVR was also released by CBS as a professional version for television broadcasting, called BEVR (Broadcast EVR). As a professional medium, the format offered extremely high quality. It was, however, quickly superseded by professional and consumer magnetic tape formats.[4]

## Applications

[edit]

In 1975, Nintendo created EVR Race, a horse betting arcade game that used the EVR system to play back video footage of animated[5] horse races. Players would place bets on horses, and then view a race in which one of the horses would win. Once the race ended, the player(s) who bet on the winning horse would receive a payout. [6][7] EVR Race was Japan's highest-grossing medal game for three years in a row, from 1976 to 1978.[8]

## References

[edit]

1. ^ "New Playback Device for TV Viewers", Chicago Tribune, August 28, 1967, p2-18
2. ^ NYU, History of Electronic Video Recording (EVR), Hammer
3. ^ BEKERS' CURIOUS EVR DONATIONS
4. ^ CED in the History of Media Technology, 1969: CBS EVR or Electronic Video Recording System Prototype
5. ^ "Rare footage from Nintendo's groundbreaking EVR Race videotape-based arcade game - The Dot Eaters". YouTube.
6. ^ "Iwata Asks: Punch-Out!! - The Proposition is to Use Two Televisions". Nintendo. 2009-08-07. Archived from the original on January 11, 2010. Retrieved 2009-08-07.
7. ^ Kohler, Chris (July 5, 2017). "Nintendo Has Now Been Making Video Games For 40 Years". Kotaku. Retrieved 19 May 2021.
8. ^ "調査対象5年間のベスト1" [Best 1 of the 5 years surveyed] (PDF). Game Machine (in Japanese). No. 159\. Amusement Press, Inc. 15 February 1981. p. 1.

## External links

[edit]

* The quest for home video: EVR
* LabGuy's World page on EVR
* CBS, Photos of EVR
* EVR page on Total Rewind - the Virtual Museum of Vintage VCRs
* Demonstration film of EVR (circa 1969) on youtube.com

* v
* t
* e

Video storage formats

Videotape|

| Analog|

* Quadruplex (1956)
* VERA (1958)
* Ampex 2 inch helical VTR (1961)
* Sony 2 inch helical VTR (1961)
* Type A (1965)
* CV-2000 (1965)
* Akai (1967)
* EIAJ-1 (1969)
* U-matic (1971)
* Cartrivision (1972)
* Philips VCR (1972)
* V-Cord (1974)
* VX (videocassette format) (1974)
* Betamax (1975)
* IVC (1975)
* Type B (1976)
* Type C (1976)
* VHS (1976)
* Akai VK (1977)
* Video Cassette Recording (1979)
* Video 2000 (1980)
* Compact Video Cassette (1980)
* VHS-C (1982)
* M (videocassette format) (1982)
* Betacam (1982)
* Video8 (1985)
* Betacam SP (1986)
* MII (1986)
* S-VHS (1987)
* S-VHS-C (1987)
* Hi8 (1989)
* Ruvi (1998)

|

Digital|

* D1 (1986)
* D2 (1988)
* D3 (1991)
* DCT (videocassette format) (1992)
* Digital Betacam (1993)
* D5 (1994)
* Digital-S (D9) (1995)
* Betacam SX (1996)
* Digital8 (D8) (1999)
* MPEG IMX (2000)
* MicroMV (2001)

High Definition|

* Sony HDVS (1984)
* UniHi (1984)
* BCH 1000 (1992)
* W-VHS (1994)
* HDCAM (1997)
* D-VHS (1998)
* D6 HDTV VTR (2000)
* HDCAM SR (2003)

Videodisc|

| Analog|

* Phonovision (1927)
* Ampex-HS (1967)
* TeD (1975)
* LaserDisc (1978)
* CED (1981)
* VHD (1983)
* Laserfilm (1984)
* CD Video (1987)
* VSD (1990)

|

Digital|

* Video CD (1993)
* MovieCD (1996)
* DVD (1996)
* MiniDVD (c. 1996)
* CVD (1998)
* Super Video CD (1998)
* EVD (2003)
* PVD (Personal Video Disc) (2003)
* Universal Media Disc (2004)
* Forward Versatile Disc (2005)

High Definition|

* Hi-Vision LD (1994)
* Professional Disc (2003)
* High-Definition Versatile Disc (2004)
* VMD (2006)
* HD DVD (2006)
* Blu-ray Disc (2006)
* MiniBD (c. 2006)
* Holographic Versatile Disc (2007)
* China Blue High-definition Disc (2008)

Ultra-High Definition|

* Ultra HD Blu-ray (2016)

Virtual|

| Media agnostic|

* DV (1995)
* DVCPRO (1995)
* DVCAM (1996)
* DVCPRO50 (1997)
* DVCPRO HD (2000)
* HDV (2003)

|

Tapeless|

* CamCutter Editcam (1995)
* XDCAM (2003)
* GBA-TV (2004)
* MOD (2005)
* AVCHD (2006)
* AVC-Intra (2006)
* TOD (2007)
* iFrame (2009)
* XAVC (2012)

Solid state|

* P2 (2004)
* SxS (2007)
* MicroP2 (2012)

Video recorded to film|

* 8mm magazine
* Super 8
* Kinescope (1947)
* Electronicam kinescope (1950s)
* Electronic Video Recording (1967)

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