Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy

Duke of Savoy from 1553 to 1580

This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
Find sources: "Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR (October 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

Emmanuel Philibert

Portrait by Giacomo Vighi, 1568–1573 (17th-century copy)

Duke of Savoy
Reign| 17 August 1553 – 30 August 1580
Predecessor| Charles III
Successor| Charles Emmanuel I

Born| (1528-07-08)8 July 1528
Chambéry, Savoy
Died| 30 August 1580(1580-08-30) (aged 52)
Turin, Savoy
Burial|

Chapel of the Holy Shroud

Spouse|

Margaret of Valois, Duchess of Berry

(m. 1559; died 1574)​

Issue| Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy
House| Savoy
Father| Charles III of Savoy
Mother| Beatrice of Portugal
Religion| Catholic Church
Signature|

Emmanuel Philibert (Italian: Emanuele Filiberto; Piedmontese: Emanuel Filibert; 8 July 1528 – 30 August 1580), known as Testa di ferro (Piedmontese: Testa 'd fer; "Ironhead", because of his military career), was Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 17 August 1553 until his death in 1580. He is notably remembered for restoring the Savoyard state, which had been occupied by France since his youth, following his triumph at the Battle of St. Quentin in 1557, and for transferring the capital to Turin.

## Biography

[edit]

### Early life

[edit]

Born in Chambéry, Emmanuel Philibert was the only child of Charles III, Duke of Savoy, and Beatrice of Portugal to reach adulthood. His mother was sister-in-law to Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor, and the future duke served in Charles's army during the war against Francis I of France, distinguishing himself by capturing Hesdin in July 1553.

### Reign

[edit]

A month later, his father died, and he became Duke of Savoy on the death of his father, but this was a nearly empty honour, as the vast majority of his hereditary lands had been occupied and administered by the French since 1536. Instead, he continued to serve the Habsburgs in hopes of recovering his lands, and served his cousin Philip II of Spain as Governor of the Netherlands from 1555 to 1559.[1]

In this capacity, he personally led the Spanish invasion of northern France and won a brilliant victory at Saint-Quentin on 10 August 1557.[2] He was also a suitor to Lady Elizabeth Tudor (the future queen Elizabeth I), daughter of Henry VIII of England. Emmanuel Philibert finally recovered his lands following the Peace of Cateau Cambrésis signed between France and Spain in 1559, and he married his first cousin once removed, Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry, the sister of King Henry II of France.[3] Their only child was Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy.[4]

#### Portuguese War of Succession

[edit]

After the death of his uncle, Henry I of Portugal, on 31 January 1580, Emmanuel Philibert fought to impose his rights as a claimant to the Portuguese throne. However, he soon realized that he had quite a fragile position due to the claims of Philip II, who gained control of the country, thus uniting Spain and Portugal.

### Later Reign

[edit]

Emmanuel Philibert spent his rule regaining what had been lost in the costly wars with France. A skilled political strategist, he took advantage of various squabbles in Europe to slowly regain territory from both the French and the Spanish, including the city of Turin. He also purchased two territories. Internally, he moved his political capital from Chambéry to Turin and replaced Latin as the official language with French in the Duchy of Savoy and the Duchy of Aosta and with Italian in the Principality of Piedmont and the County of Nice. He was attempting to acquire the marquisate of Saluzzo when he died in Turin.[5] Later, he was buried in the Chapel of the Holy Shroud of the Turin Cathedral, to which he had moved the Sindone in 1578.

## Gallery

[edit]

* The Caval ëd Brons ("Bronze horse"), monument to Emmanuel Philibert in Turin

* Representation of the tomb monument

* Portrait of Emmanuel Philibert by Giacomo Vighi, in the robes of Grand Master of the Supreme Order of the Most Holy Annunciation

* Portrait attributed to Giorgio Soleri

## Ancestry

[edit]

Ancestors of Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8\. Louis, Duke of Savoy

|
|
|
|
|
|
|

| 4\. Philip II, Duke of Savoy|

|  |  |
| 9\. Anne of Cyprus

| 2\. Charles III, Duke of Savoy|

|  |  |  |  |
| 10\. Jean II de Brosse, Lord of Boussac

| 5\. Claudine de Brosse|

|  |  |
| 11\. Nicole de Châtillon, Countess of Penthièvre

| 1\. Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy|
|  |  |  |  |  |  |
| 12\. Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu

| 6\. Manuel I of Portugal|

|  |  |
| 13\. Beatrice of Portugal

| 3\. Beatrice of Portugal|

|  |  |  |  |
| 14\. Ferdinand II of Aragon

| 7\. Maria of Aragon|

|  |  |
| 15\. Isabella I of Castile

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Kamen 1997, p. 64.
2. ^ Kamen 1997, p. 67.
3. ^ Kamen 1997, pp. 73–74.
4. ^ Vester 2013, p. 7.
5. ^ Leathes, Prothero & Ward 1964, pp. 399–400.

## Sources

[edit]

* Kamen, Henry (1997). Philip of Spain. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300070811.
* Leathes, Stanley; Prothero, G. W.; Ward, Sir Adolphus William, eds. (1964). Cambridge Modern History. Vol. 1\. Cambridge University Press.
* Vester, Matthew, ed. (2013). Sabaudian Studies: Political Culture, Dynasty, & Territory, 1400–1700. Truman State University Press.

## See also

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy.

* 1580 Portuguese succession crisis

Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy

House of Savoy

Born: 8 July 1528 Died: 30 August 1580

Regnal titles
Preceded by

Charles III

|  Duke of Savoy
1553–1580  | Succeeded by

Charles Emmanuel I

Political offices
Preceded by

Mary of Austria

|  Governor of the Netherlands
1555–1559  | Succeeded by

Margaret of Parma

* v
* t
* e

Dukes of Savoy

* Amadeus VIII (1416–1440)
* Louis (1440–1465)
* Amadeus IX (1465–1472)
* Philibert I (1472–1482)
* Charles I (1482–1490)
* Charles II (1490–1496)
* Philip II (1496–1497)
* Philibert II (1497–1504)
* Charles III (1504–1553)
* Emmanuel Philibert (1553–1580)
* Charles Emmanuel I (1580–1630)
* Victor Amadeus I (1630–1637)
* Francis Hyacinth (1637–1638)
* Charles Emmanuel II (1638–1675)
* Victor Amadeus II (1675–1730)

* v
* t
* e

Princes of Piedmont

* Charles (1456–1471)
* Emmanuel Philibert (1536–1553)
* Charles Emmanuel I (1562–1580)
* Philip Emmanuel (1586–1605)
* Victor Amadeus I (1587–1630)
* Francis Hyacinth (1632–1637)
* Victor Amadeus II (1666–1675)
* Victor Amadeus (1699–1715)
* Charles Emmanuel III (1715–1730)
* Charles Emmanuel IV (1751–1796)
* Umberto I (1844–1878)
* Victor Emmanuel III (1878–1900)
* Umberto II (1904–1947)

Held in pretense:

* Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples (*1937–2024)
* Umberto (*2009)

*denotes titular Prince †dispute over succession

* v
* t
* e

Princes of Savoy

1st generation|

* None

2nd generation|

* Louis, Duke of Savoy
* Philip I, Prince of Piedmont

3rd generation|

* Amadeus IX, Duke of Savoy
* Louis, Count of Geneva
* Philip II, Duke of Savoy
* Jacques, Count of Romont

4th generation|

* Philibert I, Duke of Savoy
* Charles I, Duke of Savoy
* Philibert II, Duke of Savoy
* Charles III, Duke of Savoy
* Philip, Duke of Nemours
* Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy

5th generation|

* Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy
* Jacques, Duke of Nemours

6th generation|

* Victor Amadeus I, Duke of Savoy
* Charles Emmanuel, Duke of Nemours
* Henri, Duke of Nemours
* Thomas Francis, Prince of Carignano
* Prince Maurice
* Prince Emmanuel Filibert

7th generation|

* Francis Hyacinth, Duke of Savoy
* Charles Emmanuel II, Duke of Savoy
* Emmanuel Philibert, Prince of Carignano
* Eugene Maurice, Count of Soissons
* Louis I, Duke of Nemours
* Charles Amadeus, Duke of Nemours
* Henri II, Duke of Nemours

8th generation|

* Victor Amadeus II of Sardinia
* Victor Amadeus I, Prince of Carignano
* Louis Thomas, Count of Soissons
* Prince Eugene

9th generation|

* Victor Amadeus, Prince of Piedmont
* Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia
* Louis Victor, Prince of Carignano
* Eugenio, Count of Villafranca
* Thomas Emmanuel, Prince of Savoy-Carignan

10th generation|

* Vittorio Amedeo Teodoro, Duke of Aosta
* Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia
* Prince Emanuele Filiberto
* Carlo Francesco, Duke of Aosta
* Benedetto, Duke of Chablais
* Victor Amadeus II, Prince of Carignano
* Eugene Jean, Count of Soissons

11th generation|

* Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia
* Amadeus Alexander, Duke of Montferrat
* Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia
* Maurizio, Duke of Montferrat
* Charles Felix I of Sardinia
* Giuseppe, Count of Asti
* Charles Emmanuel, Prince of Carignano
* Eugenio Emanuele, Count of Villafranca

12th generation|

* Charles Albert I of Sardinia

13th generation|

* Victor Emmanuel II of Italy
* Ferdinand, Duke of Genoa

14th generation|

* Umberto I of Italy
* Amadeo I of Spain
* Oddone, Duke of Montferrat
* Tommaso, Duke of Genoa**

15th generation|

* Victor Emmanuel III of Italy
* Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta***
* Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin***
* Luigi Amedeo, Duke of the Abruzzi***
* Umberto, Count of Salemi***
* Ferdinando, Duke of Genoa**
* Filiberto, Duke of Genoa**
* Adalberto, Duke of Bergamo**
* Eugenio, Duke of Genoa**

16th generation|

* Umberto II of Italy
* Amedeo, Duke of Aosta***
* Aimone, Duke of Aosta***

17th generation|

* Vittorio Emanuele, Prince of Naples
* Amedeo, Duke of Aosta***

18th generation|

* Prince Emanuele Filiberto
* Prince Aimone***

*member of a cadet branch of the House of Savoy
** Prince of Savoy-Genoa
*** Prince of Savoy-Aosta

* v
* t
* e

Spanish Empire

Timeline–immersed

* Catholic Monarchs
* Conquest of the Americas, Asia and the Pacific
* Treaty of Tordesillas
* Italian Wars
* Habsburgs
* Golden Age
* War of the League of Cognac
* Encomiendas
* New Laws in favour of the indigenous
* Expulsion of the Moriscos
* Ottoman–Habsburg wars
* French Wars of Religion
* Bruneian–Spanish conflict
* Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)
* Piracy in the Caribbean
* Eighty Years' War
* Spanish–Moro conflict
* Thirty Years' War
* Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)
* Portuguese Restoration War
* War of the Spanish Succession
* Queen Anne's War
* Bourbons
* Bourbon Reforms
* War of Jenkins' Ear
* Treaty of Madrid (1750)
* Seven Years' War
* Nootka Convention
* Napoleonic invasion
* Third Treaty of San Ildefonso
* Independence of Spanish continental Americas
* Adams–Onís Treaty
* Liberal constitution
* Carlist Wars
* Spanish–American War
* German–Spanish Treaty (1899)
* Spanish Civil War
* Independence of Morocco
* Independence of Equatorial Guinea
* Western Sahara conflict

Territories

| Europe|

* Spain
* Crown of Castille
* Crown of Aragon
* Union with Portugal
* Gibraltar
* Southern Italy (Kingdoms of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia)
* Milan
* Union with Holy Roman Empire
* Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, northernmost France
* Franche-Comté
* Pyrénées-Orientales

|

Americas (Spanish America)|

| North America|

* New Spain (Coastal Alaska, Central United States (Spanish Louisiana), Western United States (Spanish Texas), Florida, Mexico, Central America (Captaincy General of Yucatan), Spanish Caribbean)

|

Central America|

* Captaincy General of Guatemala
* Spanish West Indies (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico)
* Trinidad
* Jamaica
* Haiti
* Aruba
* Curazao
* Bonaire
* Belize

South America|

* New Granada (Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Venezuela, part of Guyana, a northernmost portion of Brazilian Amazon)
* Peru (Peru, Acre, Chile)
* Río de la Plata (Argentina, Paraguay, Charcas (Bolivia), Banda Oriental (Uruguay), Misiones Orientales, Malvinas)

Asia and Oceania (Spanish East Indies)|

* Philippines
* Micronesia (Caroline, Guam, Mariana, Micronesia, Palau)
* Northern Taiwan
* Tidore

Africa|

* Equatorial Guinea
* Northern Africa (Western Sahara, Spanish Morocco, Tripoli, Tunis, Peñón of Algiers, Oran, Béjaïa, Ifni and Cape Juby)

Antarctica|

* Terra Australis

Administration

| Organization|

* Ayuntamiento
* Cabildo
* Council of the Indies
* Germania
* Santa Hermandad

|

Law|

* Exequatur
* Laws of the Indies
* Papal bull
* Royal Decree of Graces
* School of Salamanca
* Trial of residence

Titles and positions|

* Alcalde
* Corregidor
* Municipal president
* Regidor
* Syndic
* Vecino

Administrative subdivisions

| Viceroyalties|

* Columbian
* New Spain
* New Granada
* Perú
* Río de la Plata

|

Captaincies General|

* Chile
* Cuba
* Guatemala
* Philippines
* Provincias Internas
* Puerto Rico
* Santo Domingo
* Venezuela
* Yucatán

Governorates|

* Castilla de Oro
* Cuba
* La Florida
* Louisiana
* New Andalusia (1501–1513)
* New Andalusia
* New Castile
* New Navarre
* New Spain
* Tierra Firme
* New Toledo
* New León
* Paraguay
* Río de la Plata
* Terra Australis

Audiencias|

* Bogotá
* Buenos Aires
* Caracas
* Charcas
* Concepción
* Cusco
* Guadalajara
* Guatemala
* Lima
* Manila
* Mexico
* Panamá
* Quito
* Santiago
* Santo Domingo

Economy

| Currencies|

* Dollar (Peso)
* Real
* Maravedí
* Escudo
* Columnario
* Doubloon

|

Trade|

* Manila galleon
* Spanish treasure fleet
* Casa de Contratación
* Spanish Road
* Guipuzcoan Company of Caracas
* Barcelona Trading Company
* Consulate of the Sea
* Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
* Commerce Consulate of Buenos Aires

Military

| Armies|

* Tercio
* Army of Flanders
* Free Company of Volunteers of Catalonia
* Indian auxiliaries
* Spanish Armada
* Ships of the line
* Royalists
* Legión
* Army of Africa

|

Strategists|

* Duke of Alba
* Antonio de Leyva
* Martín de Goiti
* Alfonso d'Avalos
* García de Toledo Osorio
* Duke of Savoy
* Álvaro de Bazán the Elder
* John of Austria
* Charles Bonaventure de Longueval
* Pedro de Zubiaur
* Ambrosio Spinola
* Blas de Lezo
* Bernardo de Gálvez

Mariners|

* Christopher Columbus
* Pinzón brothers
* Ferdinand Magellan
* Juan Sebastián Elcano
* Juan de la Cosa
* Juan Ponce de León
* Miguel López de Legazpi
* Pedro Menéndez de Avilés
* Sebastián de Ocampo
* Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca
* Alonso de Ojeda
* Vasco Núñez de Balboa
* Alonso de Salazar
* Andrés de Urdaneta
* Antonio de Ulloa
* Ruy López de Villalobos
* Diego Columbus
* Alonso de Ercilla
* Nicolás de Ovando
* Juan de Ayala
* Sebastián Vizcaíno
* Juan Fernández
* Luis Fajardo
* Felipe González de Ahedo
* Francisco de Camargo
* Alonso de Camargo

Conquistadors|

* Hernán Cortés
* Francisco Pizarro
* Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada
* Hernán Pérez de Quesada
* Francisco Vázquez de Coronado
* Diego Velázquez de Cuéllar
* Pedro de Valdivia
* Gaspar de Portolà
* Pere Fages i Beleta
* Joan Orpí
* Pedro de Alvarado
* Martín de Ursúa
* Diego de Almagro
* Pánfilo de Narváez
* Diego de Mazariegos
* Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera
* Pere d'Alberní i Teixidor
* García López de Cárdenas

Notable battles|

| Old World|

| Won|

* Comuneros
* Bicocca
* Rome (1527)
* Landriano
* Pavia
* Tunis
* Mühlberg
* St. Quentin
* Gravelines
* Malta
* Lepanto
* Antwerp
* Azores
* Mons
* Gembloux
* Ostend
* English Armada
* Cape Celidonia
* White Mountain
* Breda
* Nördlingen
* Valenciennes
* Ceuta
* Bitonto
* Bailén
* Vitoria
* Tetouan
* Alhucemas

|

Lost|

* Capo d'Orso
* Vienna (1529)
* Preveza
* Siege of Castelnuovo
* Algiers
* Ceresole
* Balearic Islands (1558)
* Djerba
* Tunis
* Spanish Armada
* Leiden
* Rocroi
* Downs
* Montes Claros
* Passaro
* Manila Bay
* Trafalgar
* Somosierra
* Annual
* Mactan

New World|

| Won|

* Tenochtitlan
* Cajamarca
* Cusco
* Bogotá savanna
* Penco
* Mataquito
* Guadalupe Island
* Recife
* San Juan (1595)
* Bahia
* Colonia del Sacramento
* Comuneros (Paraguay)
* Cartagena de Indias
* Cuerno Verde
* Túpac Amaru II
* Túpac Katari
* Pensacola
* Newfoundland
* San Juan (1797)

|

Lost|

* La Noche Triste
* Iguape
* Tucapel
* Guiana
* Curalaba
* Comuneros (New Granada)
* Trinidad (1797)
* Chacabuco
* Boyacá
* Carabobo
* Pichincha
* Ayacucho
* Guam
* Santiago de Cuba
* Asomante

Spanish conquests

* Canary Islands
* The Americas
* Aztec
* Maya
* Chiapas
* Yucatán
* Guatemala
* Petén
* El Salvador
* Honduras
* Nicaragua
* Chibchan Nations
* Colombia
* Chile
* Inca
* Philippines

Other civil topics

* Spanish missions in the Americas
* Architecture
* Mesoamerican Codices
* Cusco painting tradition
* Indochristian painting in New Spain
* Quito painting tradition
* Africanist
* Tapada limeña
* Academia Antártica
* Colonial universities in Hispanic America
* Colonial universities in the Philippines
* General Archive of the Indies
* Colonial Spanish Horse
* Mustang
* Castas
* Criollos in the colonial society
* Old inquisition
* Slavery in Spanish Empire
* Asiento
* Law of coartación (which allowed slaves to buy their freedom, and that of others)
* Great Potosí Mint Fraud of 1649

Cartography

| Cartographers|

* Juan de la Cruz Cano y Olmedilla
* Agustín Ibáñez y Bojons

|

Authority control databases

International|

* ISNI
* VIAF
* 2
* 3
* FAST
* WorldCat

National|

* Germany
* United States
* France
* BnF data
* Italy
* Czech Republic
* Spain
* 2
* Netherlands
* Poland
* 2
* Vatican
* Israel
* Belgium

Artists|

* ULAN
* RKD Artists

People|

* Netherlands
* 2
* Italian People
* Deutsche Biographie
* DDB

Other|

* IdRef
* 2
* SNAC
* RISM
* Yale LUX

*[m.]: married
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template