Erdut

Municipality in Slavonia, Croatia

Erdut

Ердут (Serbian)[1]

Municipality

Municipality of Erdut
Općina Erdut
Општина Ердут

Villages of the Erdut Municipality

Flag

Coat of arms

Erdut

Location of Erdut in Croatia

Show map of Osijek-Baranja County

Erdut

Erdut (Croatia)

Show map of Croatia

Erdut

Erdut (Europe)

Show map of Europe

Coordinates: 45°32′N 19°04′E﻿ / ﻿45.533°N 19.067°E﻿ / 45.533; 19.067
Country|  Croatia
Region| Slavonia (Podunavlje)
County|  Osijek-Baranja
Municipal seat

Largest settlement| Erdut (nominal), Dalj (administrative)

Dalj
Government

• Municipal mayor| Jugoslav Vesić (SDSS)
Area

[2]

• Municipality

| 157.5 km2 (60.8 sq mi)
• Urban

| 30.5 km2 (11.8 sq mi)
Elevation

| 158 m (518 ft)
Population

(2021)[3]

• Municipality

| 5,436
• Density| 35/km2 (89/sq mi)
• Urban

| 561
• Urban density| 18/km2 (48/sq mi)
Time zone| UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)| UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal codes|

31204 Bijelo Brdo
31205 Aljmaš
31206 Erdut
31226 Dalj

Area code| 031
Official languages| Croatian, Serbian[1]
Website| opcina-erdut.hr

Erdut ([ěrduːt]) is a village and a municipality in eastern Croatia some 37 km east of the major city of Osijek. Lying on the border with neighbouring Serbia, it was the site of the signing of the 1995 Erdut Agreement, which initiated the UNTAES transitional administration over the Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia.

The village of Erdut is the third largest in the municipality, after Dalj and Bijelo Brdo. The municipality is part of the Osijek-Baranja County in eastern Slavonia. The municipal center is in the largest village of Dalj.

## Name and languages

[edit]

See also: Minority languages of Croatia

The name Erdut comes from the local Hungarian name (Erdőd) meaning "forest road".[4] In other languages, the village in German is known as Erdung and in Serbian as Ердут.

Due to the local minority population, the Erdut municipality prescribe the use of not only Croatian as the official language, but the Serbian language and Serbian Cyrillic alphabet as well.[5][6]: 2  As of 2023, most of the legal requirements for the fulfillment of bilingual standards have been carried out. Cyrillic is used on official seals, buildings and street and traffic signs. Cyrillic is used on most but not all official documents. There public legal and administrative employees proficient in the script.[6]: 133, 134  Preserving traditional Serbian place names and assigning street names to Serbian historical figures is legally mandated and carried out.[6]: 135

## Geography

[edit]

The municipality has a total area of 158 km2[7] (61 sq mi) and is the largest member municipality of Joint Council of Municipalities. The Drava (5.6 km[7]) and Danube (34.825 km[7]) rivers flow through the municipality. The territory of the municipality is completely flat very fertile black soil. The elevation of the village of Erdut is 158 m. It is located at the end of the D213 road near border crossing with Serbia. The railway station is located in Novi Erdut (New Erdut) hamlet, about 1 km south of the village, on the Vukovar-Erdut-Bogojevo (Serbia) railway.

## History

[edit]

Erdut Castle in 1608.

The settlement was first mentioned in 1335 under the Hungarian name Erdöd and then as a city in 1472.[4] It was successively ruled by Ottoman Empire, Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary, Kingdom of Yugoslavia, Independent State of Croatia and Yugoslavia.

### Croatian War of Independence

[edit]

Main article: Erdut massacre

When Croatia declared independence from Yugoslavia in 1991, eastern Slavonia was soon overrun by the Yugoslav People's Army and Serb paramilitaries, led by the notorious warlord, Željko Ražnatović known by the name Arkan.[8] The battle for Erdut quickly ended that summer as the entire Croatian population was expelled or killed along with other minorities including Czechs, Germans, Hungarians, Ruthenians and Ukrainians in an act of ethnic cleansing.[9] Their homes were soon occupied by other Serbs.[9] Many buildings and homes were destroyed, including the Roman Catholic Church.[9]

Arkan soon set up a training camp for his Serb Volunteer Guard in Erdut, which became headquarters until the end of the war, when Croatian forces returned according to a peaceful Basic Agreement on the Region of Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Sirmium.

#### Erdut Agreement

[edit]

Main article: Erdut Agreement

On November 12, 1995, officials signed what is commonly called the Erdut Agreement[10] in which the part of eastern Slavonia still occupied by Serbs would be integrated back into Croatia, gradually allowing some of the exiled refugees to return to their homes. This agreement was the basis for the establishment of Joint Council of Municipalities.[10] Erdut has been under Croatian control since 1998.[11]

## Demographics

[edit]

Historical population
of Erdut municipalityYear| Pop.| ±%

|
|

1880 | 9,421| —
1890 | 10,451| +10.9%
1900 | 10,904| +4.3%
1910 | 11,373| +4.3%
1921 | 10,543| −7.3%
1931 | 10,976| +4.1%
1948 | 10,177| −7.3%
1953 | 10,324| +1.4%
1961 | 11,440| +10.8%
1971 | 11,353| −0.8%
1981 | 11,035| −2.8%
1991 | 10,197| −7.6%
2001 | 8,417| −17.5%
2011 | 7,308| −13.2%
Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2001, DZS, Zagreb, 2005

### Population

[edit]

According to the 2011 census, the municipality has a population is 7,308. The municipal population consists of Serbs (55,56%), Croats (37,96%) and Hungarians (5,06%).[12]

There are 4 settlements in municipality:[13]

Settlement  | population

|

Aljmaš | 610
Bijelo Brdo | 1,976
Dalj | 3,952
Erdut | 818

### Religion

[edit]

Dalj is seat of the Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja of the Serbian Orthodox Church.

## Politics

[edit]

### Joint Council of Municipalities

[edit]

The Municipality of Erdut is one of seven Serb majority member municipalities within the Joint Council of Municipalities, inter-municipal sui generis organization of ethnic Serb community in eastern Croatia established on the basis of Erdut Agreement. As Serb community constitute majority of the population of the municipality it is represented by 2 delegated Councillors at the Assembly of the Joint Council of Municipalities, double the number of Councilors to the number from Serb minority municipalities in Eastern Croatia.[14]

### Municipal government

[edit]

The municipality assembly is composed of 13 representatives. As of 2021, the member parties are:[15]

| Party  | Number of votes  | Number of seats

|
|
|

| Independent Democratic Serb Party | 1.205  | 8
| Croatian Democratic Union | 698  | 4
| Workers' Front | 141  | 1

### Minority councils

[edit]

Directly elected minority councils and representatives are tasked with consulting the local or regional authorities, advocating for minority rights and interests, integration into public life and participation in the management of local affairs.[16] At the 2023 Croatian national minorities councils and representatives elections Hungarians and Serbs of Croatia each fulfilled legal requirements to elect 10 members municipal minority councils of the Erdut Municipality.[17]

## Economy

[edit]

Erdut development index is between 50 and 76% of the Croatian average,[18] and is underdeveloped municipality which is statistically classified as the First Category Area of Special State Concern by the Government of Croatia.[19]

## Culture

[edit]

This section is written like a travel guide. Please help rewrite it in a neutral, encyclopedic style, or move its content to Wikivoyage. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this message)

|

### Points of Interest

[edit]

Erdut Castle Serbian Orthodox Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja in Dalj

The municipality is home of Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja, and there is also Erdut Castle.

## Notable natives and residents

[edit]

* Milutin Milanković, born in Dalj
* Anton Tittjung, World War II concentration camp guard, who was stripped of his U.S. citizenship for his wartime activities.

## See also

[edit]

* Erdut Agreement
* Osijek-Baranja County
* Slavonia
* Joint Council of Municipalities
* Cultural and Scientific Center "Milutin Milanković"
* High School Dalj
* List of Croatian municipalities with minority languages in official use

## References

[edit]

1. ^ a b Government of Croatia (October 2013). "Peto izvješće Republike Hrvatske o primjeni Europske povelje o regionalnim ili manjinskim jezicima" (PDF) (in Croatian). Council of Europe. p. 36. Retrieved 30 November 2016.
2. ^ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
3. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
4. ^ a b "Erdut | Općina Erdut". Opcina-erdut.hr. Retrieved 2014-01-31.
5. ^ Izvješće o provođenju ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina i o utošku sredstava osiguranih u državnom proračunu Republike Hrvatske za 2008. godinu za potrebe nacionalnih manjina, Zagreb, 2009.
6. ^ a b c "Izvješće o provođenju Ustavnog zakona o pravima nacionalnih manjina i o utrošku sredstava osiguranih u Državnom proračunu Republike Hrvatske za 2023. godinu za potrebe nacionalnih manjina". Vlada Republike Hrvatske (in Croatian) (published 2024-11-28). November 2023. Archived from the original on 2025-04-30.
7. ^ a b c "Povrsina, stanovnistvo, naseljenost" (PDF). Opcina-erdut.hr. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-06-22. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
8. ^ "Transcript". Slobodan-milosevic.org. 2004-01-13. Retrieved 2014-01-31.
9. ^ a b c Burns, John (May 10, 1992). "The Demographics of Exile: Victorious Serbs Repopulate Croatian Villages". The New York Times.
10. ^ a b "Peace Agreements Digital Collection" (PDF). United States Institute of Peace. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-02-01. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
11. ^ "The Thorny Issue of Ethnic Autonomy in Croatia" (PDF). Ecmi.de. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-03-02. Retrieved 2014-02-21.
12. ^ "Population by Ethnicity, by Towns/Municipalities, 2011 Census: County of Osijek-Baranja". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
13. ^ "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements, 2011 Census: Erdut". Census of Population, Households and Dwellings 2011. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. December 2012.
14. ^ "Konstituisan 6. saziv Zajedničkog veća opština l" (in Serbian). Zagreb: Privrednik. 1 August 2017.
15. ^ "Konačni rezultati lokalnih izbora 2021 na području općine Erdut". 2021-05-19. Retrieved 2021-06-09.
16. ^ "Manjinski izbori prve nedjelje u svibnju, kreću i edukacije". T-portal. 13 March 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
17. ^ "Informacija o konačnim rezultatima izbora članova vijeća i izbora predstavnika nacionalnih manjina 2023. XIV. OSJEČKO-BARANJSKA ŽUPANIJA" (PDF) (in Croatian). Državno izborno povjerenstvo Republike Hrvatske. 2023. p. 26\. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 3 June 2023.
18. ^ "Odluka o razvrstavanju jedinica lokalne i područne (regionalne) samouprave prema stupnju razvijenosti" (in Croatian). 27 December 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
19. ^ Lovrinčević, Željko; Davor, Mikulić; Budak, Jelena (June 2004). "AREAS OF SPECIAL STATE CONCERN IN CROATIA- REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT DIFFERENCES AND THE DEMOGRAPHIC AND EDUCATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS". Ekonomski pregled, Vol.55 No.5-6. Archived from the original on 18 August 2018. Retrieved 25 August 2018.

## Bibliography

[edit]

* Poljak, Željko (February 1959). "Ostali krajevi Slavonije". Kazalo za "Hrvatski planinar" i "Naše planine" 1898—1958 (PDF). Naše planine. Vol. XI. p. 7\. ISSN 0354-0650.

## External links

[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Erdut.

* Official website (in Croatian)

Places adjacent to Erdut

| Osijek | Apatin, Serbia
Bilje |

|
|

|  |
Osijek |

Erdut (municipality)

| Odžaci, Serbia
Bač, Serbia
|  |
Trpinja | Borovo |

* v
* t
* e

Erdut Municipality

Settlements by pupulation|

* Dalj (de facto seat)
* Bijelo Brdo
* Erdut (de jure seat)
* Aljmaš

Attractions|

* Danube
* Drava
* Erdut Castle
* Eastern continental wine regions
* Cultural and Scientific Center "Milutin Milanković"
* Church of St. Demetrius, Dalj
* Monastery of the Dormition of the Theotokos, Dalj Planina
* Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja
* Marian church in Aljmaš

Traffic routes|

* D213 road
* D519 road
* R202 railway (Croatia)

History|

* Dalj massacre
* Erdut killings
* Erdut Agreement

Neighboring municipalities and cities|

* Bilje
* Osijek
* Trpinja
* Borovo
* Apatin (Serbia)
* Odžaci (Serbia)
* Bač (Serbia)

* v
* t
* e

Joint Council of Municipalities

Municipalities
and villages|

| Vukovar-Syrmia County|

* Borovo
* Markušica
* Gaboš
* Karadžićevo
* Ostrovo
* Podrinje
* Negoslavci
* Trpinja
* Bobota
* Bršadin
* Ćelije
* Ludvinci
* Pačetin
* Vera

|

Osijek-Baranja County|

* Erdut
* Aljmaš
* Bijelo Brdo
* Dalj
* Jagodnjak
* Bolman
* Majške Međe
* Novi Bolman
* Šodolovci
* Ada
* Koprivna
* Palača
* Paulin Dvor
* Petrova Slatina
* Silaš

Serb communities
in the geographic area of work|

* Banovci
* Divoš
* Karanac
* Klisa
* Mlaka Antinska
* Novo Nevesinje
* Orolik
* Serbs of Vukovar
* Sokolovac
* Srijemske Laze
* Vinkovački Banovci

History|

* Croatian independence referendum, 1991
* SAO Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia
* Battle of Vukovar
* Republic of Serbian Krajina
* Eastern Slavonia, Baranja and Western Syrmia (1995–98)
* Erdut Agreement
* United Nations Security Council Resolution 1023
* UNTAES
* OSCE Mission to Croatia
* 2002 Constitutional Act
* Anti-Cyrillic protests in Croatia

Religion|

| In the member municipalities|

* Eparchy of Osječko polje and Baranja
* Pentecost, Markušica
* St. Stephen, Borovo
* Dormition of the Theotokos, Negoslavci
* St. George, Bobota
* Transfiguration of the Lord, Trpinja
* St. Peter and Paul, Bolman
* Church of St. Nicholas, Pačetin
* Nativity of the Theotokos, Gaboš
* Nativity of Saint John the Baptist, Ostrovo
* St. Nicholas, Jagodnjak
* St. Demetrius, Dalj
* Church of the Transfer of the relics of the Holy Father Nicholas, Bijelo Brdo

|

Rest of geographic area of work|

* St. Stefan Štiljanović, Karanac
* St. Nicholas, Mirkovci
* Church of St. Panteleimon, Mirkovci
* Church of St. Nicholas, Mikluševci
* Holy Venerable Mother Parascheva, Banovci
* St. George, Tovarnik
* St. Nicholas, Vukovar
* Pentecost, Vinkovci
* St. George, Kneževo
* Nativity of the Theotokos, Srijemske Laze
* St. Elijah, Novi Jankovci
* St. Peter and Paul, Orolik
* Presentation of Mary, Čakovci
* Saint Archangel Michael, Darda
* Dormition of the Mother of God, Osijek
* Presentation of Mary, Popovac
* Church of St. George, Opatovac
* Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, Šarengrad
* Church of the Transfiguration of the Lord, Mohovo
* Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Ilok

Education and culture|

* Association for Serbian language and literature in Croatia
* Cultural and Scientific Center "Milutin Milanković"
* Vukovar Gymnasium
* High School Dalj
* Prosvjeta
* Radio Borovo

* v
* t
* e

Subdivisions of Osijek-Baranja County

Cities and towns|

* Beli Manastir
* Belišće
* Đakovo
* Donji Miholjac
* Našice
* Osijek (seat)
* Valpovo

Coat of arms of Osijek-Baranja County

Municipalities|

* Antunovac
* Bilje
* Bizovac
* Čeminac
* Čepin
* Darda
* Donja Motičina
* Draž
* Drenje
* Đurđenovac
* Erdut
* Ernestinovo
* Feričanci
* Gorjani
* Jagodnjak
* Kneževi Vinogradi
* Koška
* Levanjska Varoš
* Magadenovac
* Marijanci
* Petlovac
* Petrijevci
* Podgorač
* Podravska Moslavina
* Popovac
* Punitovci
* Satnica Đakovačka
* Semeljci
* Strizivojna
* Šodolovci
* Trnava
* Viljevo
* Viškovci
* Vladislavci
* Vuka

Authority control databases

International|

* VIAF

National|

* Czech Republic
* 2

*[Pop.]: Population
*[±%]: Percent change
*[v]: View this template
*[t]: Discuss this template
*[e]: Edit this template