Erfurt Enchiridion

Second Lutheran hymnal published in 1524

Title page of the Loersfeld edition The song "Jesus Christus, unser Heiland, der den Tod überwand" (Jesus Christ, our saviour, who overcame death) by Martin Luther, titled "Ein Lobgesang auf dem Osterfest" (A song of praise on the Easter feast)

The Erfurt Enchiridion (enchiridion, from Ancient Greek: ἐγχειρίδιον, hand book) is the second Lutheran hymnal. It appeared in 1524 in Erfurt in two competing editions. One of them contains 26 songs, the other 25, 18 of them by Martin Luther, others by Elisabeth Cruciger, Erhard Hegenwald, Justus Jonas and Paul Speratus. While the songs of the Enchiridion could be used in churches, they were intended primarily for singing elsewhere, such as at home, at court, and in guild meetings.

## History

[edit]

The songs of the reformer Luther and others were first sold as broadsheets, and contributed to the spreading of Protestant ideas. They were printed in collections, beginning with the First Lutheran hymnal, called the Achtliederbuch, and with the Wittenberg song book, both published in 1524. The Erfurt Enchiridion appeared the same year, in two almost equal editions by two different printers, Johannes Loersfeld and Matthes Maler.[1] Both books are identical except for one song. The double appearance suggests that there was a great demand. Probably the edition printed by Loersfeld came first, to be copied by Maler.[2]

## Description

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The version of Loersfeld was printed in octavo, and includes 48 pages, 47 of them printed. It contains 25 songs, the German version of the creed and a two-page anonymous preface. The version of Maler contains one song more. Sixteen different choral melodies are used, and eighteen of the songs are by Luther, but his name is attached to only one of them. Three of the hymns were written by Paul Speratus, one or two by Justus Jonas, one by Elisabeth Cruciger, and one is attributed to Jan Hus.[2] The arrangement of the songs is not systematic, and only seven paraphrases of psalms form a cohesive group. Five songs are German rhymed versions of Latin liturgical chants. The song "Ein neues Lied wir heben an" (A new song we begin) describes the execution in Brussels of two monks who were martyrs of the Reformation, Hendrik Vos and Johannes van Esschen.

The title describes: "Eyn Enchiridion oder Handbüchlein. eynem ytzlichen Christen fast nutzlich bey sich zuhaben / zur stetter vbung vnd trachtung geystlicher gesenge vnd Psalmen / Rechtschaffen vnd kunstlich verteutscht." (An Enchiridion or little handbook; for every Christian very useful to keep at hand / for continuous practice and contemplation of spiritual songs and psalms / honestly and artfully translated to German.)[2]

The author of the preface describes the former ecclesiastical chant as "shouting like the priests of Baal in unintelligible cries" and "cry like the forest-donkeys to a deaf God".[2] The songs included in the collection are described as founded on scripture, serving improvement, doctrine, and the education of youth, and the preface suggests that a Christian should always carry the book with him, for constant practise.[2] While the songs of the Enchiridion could be used in churches, they were intended primarily for singing elsewhere, such as at home, at court, and in guild meetings.[3]

Many of the songs of the Erfurt Enchiridion were widely disseminated, and seventeen are still in the current German Protestant hymnal Evangelisches Gesangbuch, some of them now with different melodies. Five of the hymns are part of the Catholic hymnal Gotteslob.[2]

Translations began with Goostly psalms and spiritual songes drawen out of the holy Scripture by Myles Coverdale, the so-called "first English hymn book", which was printed in London in 1555 and contained 16 of the songs from the Enchiridion (1–5, 8, 10, 12–19, 22).[2]

## Hymns

[edit]

Number | Title | Author | Note

|
|
|

1 | Dies sind die heilgen Zehn Gebot | Martin Luther |
2 | Nun freut euch, lieben Christen g'mein | Martin Luther | in Achtliederbuch
3 | Es ist das Heil uns kommen her | Paul Speratus | in Achtliederbuch
4 | Mitten wir im Leben sind | Martin Luther | after Media vita in morte sumus
5 | In Gott gelaub ich, daß er hat | Paul Speratus | in Achtliederbuch
6 | Hilf Gott, wie ist der Menschen Not | Paul Speratus | in Achtliederbuch
7 | Gott sei gelobet und gebenedeiet | Martin Luther | not in the Maler edition
8 | Gelobet seist du, Jesu Christ | Martin Luther |
9 | Ich glaube an einen Gott |  | Apostles' Creed
10 | Herr Christ, der einig Gotts Sohn | Elisabeth Cruciger |
11 | Jesus Christus, unser Heiland, der von uns den Gotteszorn wandt | Martin Luther | after Jan Hus
12 | Wohl dem, der in Gottes Furcht steht | Martin Luther | after Psalm 128
13 | Ach Gott, vom Himmel sieh darein | Martin Luther | after Psalm 12, in Achtliederbuch
14 | Wo Gott der Herr nicht bei uns hält | Justus Jonas | after Psalm 124
15 | Es spricht der Unweisen Mund wohl | Martin Luther | after Psalm 14, in Achtliederbuch
16 | Es woll uns Gott genädig sein | Martin Luther | after Psalm 67
17 | Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir | Martin Luther | after Psalm 130, De profundis, in Achtliederbuch
18 | Erbarm dich mein, o Herre Gott | Erhard Hegenwald | after Psalm 51 Miserere
19 | Christ lag in Todesbanden | Martin Luther |
20 | Jesus Christus, unser Heiland, der den Tod überwand | Martin Luther |
21 | Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland | Martin Luther | after Veni redemptor gentium} by Ambrose
22 | Komm, Heiliger Geist, Herre Gott | Martin Luther | after "Veni Sancte Spiritus, reple tuorum corda fidelium"
23 | Christum wir sollen loben schon | Martin Luther | after A solis ortus cardine
24 | Komm, Gott Schöpfer, Heiliger Geist | Martin Luther | after Veni Creator Spiritus
25 | Ein neues Lied wir heben an | Martin Luther |
26 | In Jesu Nam'n heben wir an | unknown | in Achtliederbuch, possibly by Jonas

## See also

[edit]

* List of hymns by Martin Luther
* Metrical psalter

Lutheran

* First Lutheran hymnal
* Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn
* Swenske songer eller wisor 1536
* Thomissøn's hymnal

Anabaptist

* Ausbund

Anglican

* Book of Common Prayer
* Whole Book of Psalms

Presbyterian

* Book of Common Order
* Scottish Psalter

Reformed

* Souterliedekens
* Genevan Psalter

## References

[edit]

1. ^ Herbst 2001, p. 86.
2. ^ a b c d e f g Brodersen & Brodersen 2008.
3. ^ Doukhan 2010.

## Bibliography

[edit]

German Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Eyn Enchiridion oder Handbuchlein

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Enchiridion geistlicher Gesänge.

* Full digital facsimile and diplomatic transcription of the hymnbook in the Deutsches Text Archiv
* Brodersen, Christiane; Brodersen, Kai (2008). Ein Enchiridion oder Handbüchlein geistlicher Gesänge und Psalmen (Erfurt 1524) (in German). Kartoffeldruck-Verlag, Speyer. ISBN 978-3-939526-03-2.
* Doukhan, Lilianne (2010). In Tune With God. mn House Publishing. pp. 163, 164 & footnote 15 on p. 191.
* Herbst, Wolfgang (2001). Wer ist wer im Gesangbuch? (in German). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen. pp. 86–87 Erfurter Enchiridion (Handbüchlein). ISBN 3525503237.
* Liersch, Helmut (2013). Ein Unikat in der Marktkirchen-Bibliothek Goslar: Das Erfurter Färbefaß-Enchiridion von 1524. Goslar: Goslarsches Forum 6, ed. Otmar Hesse. pp. 40–44, 81–83.
* Henrike Lähnemann (2017): Das Erfurter ‘Enchiridion’ in der Goslarer Marktkirchen-Bibliothek, in: Marktkirchen-Bibliothek Goslar. Beiträge zur Erforschung der reformationszeitlichen Sammlung, Regensburg: Schell und Steiner, ed. Helmut Liersch, pp. 232–243.

## Further reading

[edit]

* Brodersen, Christiane; Brodersen, Kai (April 2008). The Erfurt Enchiridion: A Hymn Book of 1524 (with English language translations). Kartoffeldruck-Verlag. ISBN 978-3939526049.
* Hase, Martin von (1956). "Die Drucker der Erfurter Enchiridien, Mathes Maler u. Johannes Loersfelt". Jahrbuch für Liturgik und Hymnologie (in German). 2: 91–93\. JSTOR 24189314.
* Smend, Julius (1924). Die evangelische Lied von 1524: Festschrift zum 400-jährigen Gesangbuch-Jubiläum (in German). Leipzig.

* v
* t
* e

Martin Luther

* Bibliography
* Resources about Martin Luther

Works|

* Ninety-five Theses (1517)
* Sermon on Indulgences and Grace (1518)
* To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation (1520)
* On the Babylonian Captivity of the Church (1520)
* On the Freedom of a Christian (1520)
* Commentary on the Magnificat (1521)
* Against Henry, King of the English (1522)
* Luther Bible (1522, 1534)
* The Adoration of the Sacrament (1523)
* Formula missae (1523)
* Flood prayer (1523)
* Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants (1525)
* On the Bondage of the Will (1525)
* Against the Heavenly Prophets (1525)
* The Sacrament of the Body and Blood of Christ—Against the Fanatics (1526)
* Deutsche Messe (1526)
* Confession Concerning Christ's Supper (1528)
* On War Against the Turk (1529)
* Small Catechism (1529)
* Articles of Schwabach (1529)
* Large Catechism (1529)
* A Simple Way to Pray (1535)
* Smalcald Articles (1537)
* On the Councils and the Church (1539)
* On the Jews and Their Lies (1543)
* Vom Schem Hamphoras (1543)
* Luther's Table Talk (1566)
* Weimar edition of Luther's works

| List of hymns|

* First Lutheran hymnal (1524)
* Erfurt Enchiridion (1524)
* Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn (1524)
* "Es spricht der Unweisen Mund wohl" (1524)
* "Gott sei gelobet und gebenedeiet" (1524)
* "A Mighty Fortress Is Our God" (1529)
* "Sie ist mir lieb, die werte Magd" (1535)
* "Christ unser Herr zum Jordan kam" (1543)

|

Topics
and events|

* Reformation
* Lutheranism
* Heidelberg Disputation, 1518
* Leipzig Debate, 1519
* Exsurge Domine, 1520
* Diet of Worms, 1521
* Decet Romanum Pontificem, 1521
* Marburg Colloquy, 1529
* Augsburg Confession, 1530
* Luther's canon
* Theology of Martin Luther
* Theology of the Cross
* Priesthood of all believers
* Sola fide
* Sola scriptura
* Two kingdoms
* Beerwolf (1539)
* Law and Gospel
* Marian theology
* Eucharist in Lutheranism
* Sacramental union
* Words of Institution
* Antisemitism
* Propaganda during the Reformation
* Die Lügend von S. Johanne Chrysostomo (1537 edition)

People|

* Hans and Margarethe Luther (parents)
* Katharina von Bora (wife)
* Magdalena Luther (daughter)
* Paul Luther (son)
* Albert of Brandenburg
* Bartholomaeus Arnoldi
* Erasmus
* Georg Rörer
* Johann Cochlaeus
* Johann Reuchlin
* Johann von Staupitz
* Justus Jonas
* Karl von Miltitz
* Andreas Karlstadt
* Philip Melanchthon
* Pope Leo X
* Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
* Frederick the Wise
* Albrecht VII von Mansfeld

Luther sites|

* All Saints' Church, Wittenberg
* Stadtkirche Wittenberg
* Lutherhaus
* Lutherstädte
* Martin Luther's Birth House
* Martin Luther's Death House
* Melanchthonhaus (Wittenberg)
* St. Augustine's Monastery
* Veste Coburg (Fortress)
* Wartburg Castle

Film and theatre|

* Martin Luther (1923 film)
* Luther (1928 film)
* Martin Luther (1953 film)
* Luther (1961 play)
* Luther (1964 film)
* Luther (1974 film)
* Martin Luther, Heretic (1983 film)
* Luther (2003 film)
* Luther and I (2017 film)

Luther Monuments|

* Luther Monument, Washington D.C.
* Luther Monument, Worms

Related|

* Luther rose
* Theologia Germanica
* Martin Luther Christian University
* Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg

* v
* t
* e

Order of the Divine Service in Lutheranism

Preparatory Service|

* Entrance hymn and Trinitarian formula (known as the Invocation)
* Penitential Act including the Confiteor and Declaration of Grace (or Asperges on Easter)

The Service of the Word|

* Introit
* Gloria Patri
* Kýrie
* Gloria
* Dominus vobiscum
* Oremus
* Collect
* Old Testament reading
* gradual (or Responsorial Psalm)
* Epistle
* Alleluia (tract during Lent)
* Gospel
* Hymn of the day
* Homily or Postil (Sermon)
* Nicene Creed (Athanasian Creed on Trinity Sunday)
* Offertory
* Prayers of the Faithful

The Service of the Eucharist|

* Preface (Sursum corda / Sanctus / Hosanna)
* Eucharistic Prayer (Epiclesis / Words of Institution / Memorial Acclamation)
* Lord's Prayer
* Sign of peace / pax (elevation)
* Agnus Dei
* Distribution
* Nunc dimittis
* Postcommunion
* Benedicamus Domino
* Benediction
* Dismissal
* Ite, missa est

Participants|

* Acolyte
* bishop
* cantor
* choir
* crucifer
* deacon
* elder
* laity
* lector
* Pastor (or Priest)
* usher

Parts of the Sanctuary|

* altar
* altar bell
* altar crucifix
* altar rail
* kneeler
* piscina
* processional cross
* tabernacle

Candles|

* altar candle
* paschal candle
* sanctuary lamp
* votive candle

Liturgical vessels|

* ciborium
* chalice
* cruet

Liturgical objects|

* collection basket
* holy water
* incense (use)
* paten
* sacramental bread (wafer)
* sacramental wine
* thurible

Vestments|

* alb
* chasuble
* dalmatic
* geneva gown
* humeral veil
* stole
* surplice
* tunicle

Liturgical books and hymnals|

* Christian Worship (1993)
* Christian Worship (2021)
* Common Service Book (1917)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book (1912)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary (1996)
* Evangelical Lutheran Worship (2006)
* Lutheran Book of Worship (1978)
* The Lutheran Hymnal (1941)
* Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement (1989)
* Lutheran Service Book (2006)
* Lutheran Worship (1982)
* ReClaim Hymnal (2006)
* Service Book and Hymnal (1958)

* v
* t
* e

Lutheran hymnody

English hymnals|

* Christian Worship (1993)
* Common Service Book (1917)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymn-Book (1912)
* Evangelical Lutheran Hymnary (1996)
* Evangelical Lutheran Worship (2006)
* Lutheran Book of Worship (1978)
* The Lutheran Hymnal (1941)
* Lutheran Hymnal with Supplement (1989)
* Lutheran Service Book (2006)
* Lutheran Worship (1982)
* ReClaim Hymnal (2006)
* Service Book and Hymnal (1958)

German hymnals|

* First Lutheran hymnal (1524)
* Erfurt Enchiridion (1524)
* Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn (1524)
* Praxis pietatis melica (1640/47)
* Becker Psalter (1602)
* Evangelisches Gesangbuch (1993)

In other languages|

| Danish|

* Den Danske Salmebog
* Guldberg's hymnal
* Kingo's hymnal
* Thomissøn's hymnal

|

Faroese|

* Sálmabók Føroya kirkju

|

Finnish|

* Siionin Virret
* Virsikirja

|

Icelandic|

* Passion Hymns

|

Norwegian|

* Nokre salmar (1869)
* Landstads kirkesalmebog (1870)
* Psalmebog for Kirke og Hus (1873)
* Landstads reviderte salmebok (1924)
* Nynorsk salmebok (1925)
* Salmer 1973
* Norsk Salmebok (1985)
* Salmer 1997
* Norsk salmebok 2013

|

Spanish|

* Culto Cristiano

|

Swedish|

* Swenske songer (1536)
* Een liten Songbook (in Swedish, 1553)
* Den svenska psalmboken (1695)
* Den svenska psalmboken (1819)
* Hemlandssånger (in Swedish, 1891)
* Den svenska psalmboken (1937)
* Den svenska psalmboken (1986)

|

Hymnodists
and
hymnologists|

* Mikael Agricola
* Johann Georg Albinus
* Albert von Brandenburg
* Michael Altenburg
* Anna Sophia II
* Johann Sebastian Bach
* Emilie Juliane of Barby-Mühlingen
* Martin Behm
* Sigmund von Birken
* Carl Boberg
* Birgitte Cathrine Boye
* Hans Adolph Brorson
* Johan Nordahl Brun
* Joachim a Burck
* Dieterich Buxtehude
* Christian Cappelen
* Elisabeth Cruciger
* Johann Crüger
* Simon Dach
* Wolfgang Dachstein
* Nikolaus Decius
* Paul Eber
* Ludmilla Elisabeth
* Princess Eugénie
* Jacobus Finno
* Paul Fleming
* Johann Franck
* Michael Franck
* Melchior Franck
* Salomon Franck
* Frans Michael Franzén
* Erik Gustaf Geijer
* Paul Gerhardt
* Bartholomäus Gesius
* Johannes Gigas
* N. F. S. Grundtvig
* Britt G. Hallqvist
* Andreas Hammerschmidt
* Claus Harms
* Fredrik Gabriel Hedberg
* Christian Fürchtegott Gellert
* Johann Heermann
* Ludwig Helmbold
* Valerius Herberger
* Nikolaus Herman
* Johannes Hermann
* Sebald Heyden
* Anders Hovden
* Konrad Hubert
* Bernhard Severin Ingemann
* Justus Jonas
* Sigfrid Karg-Elert
* Christian Keymann
* Balthasar Kindermann
* Thomas Kingo
* Børre Knudsen
* Johann Kolross
* Johann Balthasar König
* Julius Krohn
* Magnus Brostrup Landstad
* Ludvig Mathias Lindeman
* Elias Lönnrot
* Matthäus Apelles von Löwenstern
* Matthias Loy
* Sigurd Lunde
* Martin Luther
* Wilhelmi Malmivaara
* Hemminki of Masku
* Felix Mendelssohn
* Johann Matthäus Meyfart
* Georg Neumark
* Erdmann Neumeister
* Philipp Nicolai
* Johann Pachelbel
* Hallgrímur Pétursson
* Michael Praetorius
* Christian Heinrich Postel
* Adam Reusner
* Bartholomäus Ringwaldt
* Martin Rinkart
* Johann Rist
* Christian Knorr von Rosenroth
* Daniel Rumpius
* Johan Runeberg
* Gottfried Wilhelm Sacer
* Lina Sandell
* Carl Schalk
* Martin Schalling
* Heinrich Scheidemann
* Johann Hermann Schein
* Benjamin Schmolck
* Cyriakus Schneegass
* Johann Schop
* Johann Balthasar Schupp
* Heinrich Schütz
* Nikolaus Selnecker
* Eyvind Skeie
* Haquin Spegel
* Lazarus Spengler
* Paul Speratus
* Philipp Spitta
* Paul Stockmann
* Jesper Swedberg
* Jiří Třanovský
* Melchior Teschner
* N. Samuel of Tranquebar
* Zachris Topelius
* Leonard Typpö
* Jaroslav Vajda
* Gottfried Vopelius
* Philipp Wackernagel
* Johan Olof Wallin
* Johann Walter
* Michael Weiße
* Georg Weissel
* Olle Widestrand
* Carl David af Wirsén
* Catherine Winkworth
* Johannes Zahn

* Luther § Hymnodist
* Hymns by Luther
* Lutheran hymn
* In continental Europe
* Lutheran chorale
* Chorale setting
* Chorale cantata

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